cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

Showing 1-10 of 12 results. Next

A006245 Number of primitive sorting networks on n elements; also number of rhombic tilings of a 2n-gon.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 8, 62, 908, 24698, 1232944, 112018190, 18410581880, 5449192389984, 2894710651370536, 2752596959306389652, 4675651520558571537540, 14163808995580022218786390, 76413073725772593230461936736
Offset: 1

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Keywords

Comments

Also the number of commutation classes of reduced words for the longest element of a Weyl group of type A_{n-1} (see Armstrong reference).
Also the number of signotopes of rank 3, i.e., mappings X:{{1..n} choose 3}->{+,-} such that for any four indices a < b < c < d, the sequence X(a,b,c), X(a,b,d), X(a,c,d), X(b,c,d) changes its sign at most once (see Felsner-Weil and Balko-Fulek-Kynčl reference). - Manfred Scheucher, Oct 20 2019
There is a relation to non-degenerate oriented matroids of rank 3 on n elements (see Folkman-Lawrence reference). - Manfred Scheucher, Feb 09 2022, based on comment by Matthew J. Samuel, Jan 19 2013
Also the number of tilings of the 2-dimensional zonotope constructed from D vectors. The zonotope Z(D,d) is the projection of the D-dimensional hypercube onto the d-dimensional space and the tiles are the projections of the d-dimensional faces of the hypercube. Here d=2 and D varies.
Also the number of simple arrangements of n pseudolines in the Euclidean plane. - Manfred Scheucher, Jun 22 2023

Examples

			This is a wiring diagram, one sample of the 62 objects that are counted for n=5:
  1-1-1-1 4-4 5-5
         X   X
  2 3-3 4 1 5 4-4
   X   X   X
  3 2 4 3 5 1 3-3
     X   X   X
  4-4 2 5 3-3 1 2
       X       X
  5-5-5 2-2-2-2 1
Each X denotes a comparator that exchanges the two incoming strands from the left. The whole network has n*(n-1)/2 such comparators and exchanges the order 12345 at the left edge into the reverse order 54321 at the right edge. It is also a pseudoline arrangement consisting of n x-monotone curves (from left to right), which pairwise cross exactly once.
		

References

  • Shin-ichi Minato, Counting by ZDD, Encyclopedia of Algorithms, 2014, pp. 1-6.
  • N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Crossrefs

Cf. A006246. See A005118 for primitive sorting networks with exactly one comparator ("X") per column. See A060596-A060601 for higher dimensions. Cf. A006247.

Programs

  • Maple
    # classes: Wrapper for computing number of commutation classes;
    #   pass a permutation as a list
    # Returns number of commutation classes of reduced words
    # Longest element is of the form [n, n-1, ..., 1] (see Comments)
    classes:=proc(perm) option remember:
        RETURN(classesRecurse(Array(perm), 0, 1)):
    end:
    #classesRecurse: Recursive procedure for computing number of commutation classes
    classesRecurse:=proc(perm, spot, negs) local swaps, i, sums, c, doneany:
        sums:=0:
        doneany:=0:
        for i from spot to ArrayNumElems(perm)-2 do
            if perm[i+1]>perm[i+2] then
                swaps:=perm[i+1]:
                perm[i+1]:=perm[i+2]:
                perm[i+2]:=swaps:
                c:=classes(convert(perm, `list`)):
                sums:=sums+negs*c+classesRecurse(perm, i+2, -negs):
                swaps:=perm[i+1]:
                perm[i+1]:=perm[i+2]:
                perm[i+2]:=swaps:
                doneany:=1:
            end:
        end:
        if spot=0 and doneany=0 then RETURN(1):
        else RETURN(sums):
        end:
    end:
    seq(classes([seq(n+1-i, i = 1 .. n)]), n = 1 .. 9)
    # Matthew J. Samuel, Jan 23 2011, Jan 26 2011
  • Mathematica
    classes[perm_List] := classes[perm] = classesRecurse[perm, 0, 1];
    classesRecurse[perm_List, spot_, negs_] := Module[{swaps, i, Sums, c, doneany, prm = perm}, Sums = 0; doneany = 0; For[i = spot, i <= Length[prm]-2, i++, If[prm[[i+1]] > prm[[i+2]], swaps = prm[[i+1]]; prm[[i+1]] = prm[[i+2]]; prm[[i+2]] = swaps; c = classes[prm]; Sums = Sums + negs*c + classesRecurse[prm, i+2, -negs]; swaps = prm[[i+1]]; prm[[i+1]] = prm[[i+2]]; prm[[i+2]] = swaps; doneany = 1]]; If[spot == 0 && doneany == 0, Return[1], Return[Sums]]];
    a[n_] := a[n] = classes[Range[n] // Reverse];
    Table[Print["a(", n, ") = ", a[n]]; a[n], {n, 1, 9}] (* Jean-François Alcover, May 09 2017, translated from Maple *)

Formula

Felsner and Valtr show that 0.1887 <= log_2(a(n))/n^2 <= 0.6571 for sufficiently large n. - Jeremy Tan, Nov 20 2017
Dumitrescu and Mandal improved the lower bound to 0.2083 <= log_2(a(n))/n^2 for sufficiently large n. - Manfred Scheucher, Sep 13 2021

Extensions

More terms from Sebastien Veigneau (sv(AT)univ-mlv.fr), Jan 15 1997
a(10) confirmed by Katsuhisa Yamanaka(yamanaka(AT)hol.is.uec.ac.jp), May 06 2009. This value was also confirmed by Takashi Horiyama of Saitama Univ.
a(11) from Katsuhisa Yamanaka(yamanaka(AT)hol.is.uec.ac.jp), May 06 2009
Reference with formula that the Maple program implements added and a(11) verified by Matthew J. Samuel, Jan 25 2011
Removed invalid comment concerning the denominators of the indicated polynomials; added a(12). - Matthew J. Samuel, Jan 30 2011
a(13) from Toshiki Saitoh, Oct 17 2011
a(14) and a(15) from Yuma Tanaka, Aug 20 2013
a(16) by Günter Rote, Dec 01 2021

A014540 Rectilinear crossing number of complete graph on n nodes.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 9, 19, 36, 62, 102, 153, 229, 324, 447, 603, 798, 1029, 1318, 1657, 2055, 2528, 3077, 3699, 4430, 5250, 6180
Offset: 1

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Comments

The values a(19) and a(21) were obtained by Aichholzer et al. in 2006. The value a(18) is claimed by the Rectilinear Crossing Number project after months of distributed computing. This was confirmed by Abrego et al., they also found the values a(20) and a(22) to a(27). The next unknown entry, a(28), is either 7233 or 7234. - Bernardo M. Abrego (bernardo.abrego(AT)csun.edu), May 05 2008

References

  • Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, vol. 94, Cambridge University Press, 2003, Section 8.18, p. 532.
  • M. Gardner, Crossing Numbers. Ch. 11 in Knotted Doughnuts and Other Mathematical Entertainments. New York: W. H. Freeman, 1986.
  • C. Thomassen, Embeddings and minors, pp. 301-349 of R. L. Graham et al., eds., Handbook of Combinatorics, MIT Press.

Crossrefs

Extensions

102 from Oswin Aichholzer (oswin.aichholzer(AT)tugraz.at), Aug 14 2001
153 from Hannes Krasser (hkrasser(AT)igi.tu-graz.ac.at), Sep 17 2001
More terms from Eric W. Weisstein, Nov 30 2006
More terms from Bernardo M. Abrego (bernardo.abrego(AT)csun.edu), May 05 2008

A063666 Euclidean order types: number of realizable order types of n points in the plane.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 16, 135, 3315, 158817, 14309547, 2334512907
Offset: 3

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Author

Hannes Krasser (hkrasser(AT)igi.tu-graz.ac.at), Aug 22 2001

Keywords

Comments

Also the number of nonisomorphic nondegenerate acyclic rank 3 oriented matroids on n elements that are representable over the reals. - Manfred Scheucher, May 09 2022

References

  • O. Aichholzer, F. Aurenhammer and H. Krasser. Enumerating order types for small point sets with applications. In Proc. 17th Ann. ACM Symp. Computational Geometry, pages 11-18, Medford, Massachusetts, USA, 2001.

Crossrefs

Cf. A006247.

Formula

Asymptotics: a(n) = 2^(Theta(n log n)). This is Bachmann-Landau notation, that is, there are constants n_0, c, and d, such that for every n >= n_0 the inequality 2^{c n log n} <= a(n) <= 2^{d n log n} is satisfied. For more information see e.g. the Handbook of Discrete and Computational Geometry. - Manfred Scheucher, Sep 12 2019

Extensions

a(11) from Franz Aurenhammer (auren(AT)igi.tu-graz.ac.at), Feb 05 2002

A018242 Number of projective order types.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 11, 135, 4381, 312114, 41693377
Offset: 0

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Comments

Table 5.6.1 in the Felsner-Goodman survey contains this sequence in the second row, but the line is incorrectly labeled. The origin of these data is the paper of Aichholzer and Krasser. - Günter Rote, Apr 16 2025

Crossrefs

Cf. A006247, A006248, A063666. A diagonal of A222317.

Formula

Asymptotics: a(n) = 2^(Theta(n log n)). This is Bachmann-Landau notation, that is, there are constants n_0, c, and d, such that for every n >= n_0 the inequality 2^(c n log n) <= a(n) <= 2^(d n log n) is satisfied. For more information see e.g. the Handbook of Discrete and Computational Geometry. - Manfred Scheucher, Sep 12 2019

Extensions

a(11) from Franz Aurenhammer (auren(AT)igi.tu-graz.ac.at), Feb 05 2002

A006246 Number of simple arrangements of pseudolines in the projective plane with an oriented marked cell; number of oriented abstract order types of n points (distinguishing mirror-symmetric copies).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 20, 242, 6405, 316835, 28627261, 4686329954, 1382939012729, 732955581630129
Offset: 1

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Keywords

Comments

Previous name was: Number of primitive sorting networks on n elements.

References

  • M. H. Klin et al., "2D-configurations and clique-cyclic orientations of the graphs L(K_p)", pages 149-162 of Reports in Molecular Theory, Vol. 1, 1990.
  • N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Crossrefs

Cf. A006245. See A006247 for abstract order types when mirror-symmetric copies are identified.

Extensions

Definition corrected by Günter Rote, Dec 02 2021
a(12) and a(13) from Günter Rote, Mar 04 2025

A180503 Triangle read by row. T(n,m) gives the number of isomorphism classes of simple arrangements of n pseudolines and m double pseudolines in the Moebius strip.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 7, 16, 2, 13, 140, 1499, 11502, 3, 122, 5589, 245222, 9186477, 238834187
Offset: 0

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Author

Vincent Pilaud, Sep 08 2010

Keywords

References

  • J. Ferté, V. Pilaud and M. Pocchiola, On the number of arrangements of five double pseudolines, Abstracts 18th Fall Workshop on Comput. Geom. (FWCG08), Troy, NY, October 2008.

Crossrefs

See A180502 for isomorphism classes of all (not only simple) arrangements of n pseudolines and m double pseudolines in the Moebius strip.
See A180500 for isomorphism classes of simple arrangements of n pseudolines and m double pseudolines in the projective plane.
First diagonal gives A006247.

A276096 a(n) is the least number of empty convex pentagons ("convex 5-holes") spanned by a set of n points in the Euclidean plane in general position (i.e., no three points on a line).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 3, 6, 9, 11
Offset: 1

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Manfred Scheucher, Aug 18 2016

Keywords

Comments

The value a(10) = 1 was determined by Harborth, who also constructed a set of 9 points without convex 5-holes. The values a(11) = 2 and a(13) = 3 were determined by Dehnhardt. Aichholzer found point sets showing that a(14) <= 6 and a(15) <= 9, and the exact values a(13) = 3, a(14) = 6, and a(15) = 9 were determined in the Bachelor's thesis of Scheucher, supervised by Aichholzer and Hackl.
The value a(16) = 11 was determined using a ILP/SAT solver. For more information check out the link below with title "On 5-Holes". - Manfred Scheucher, Aug 18 2018

References

  • K. Dehnhardt, Leere konvexe Vielecke in ebenen Punktmengen, PhD thesis, TU Braunschweig, Germany, 1987, in German.

Crossrefs

Cf. A063541 and A063542 for convex 3- and 4-holes, respectively.
Cf. A006247 and A063666 for equivalence classes (w.r.t. orientation triples) of point sets in the plane.

Formula

From Manfred Scheucher, Mar 22 2017: (Start)
a(n) = Omega(n log^(4/5)(n)) and a(n) = O(n^2).
Conjecture: a(n) = Theta(n^2). (End)

Extensions

a(16) from Manfred Scheucher, Mar 22 2017

A325595 Number of symmetric Euclidean pseudo-order types: nondegenerate abstract order types of configurations of n points in the plane with a nontrivial automorphism.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 12, 30, 230, 849, 13434, 76200, 2392066
Offset: 1

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Author

Manfred Scheucher and Günter Rote, Sep 07 2019

Keywords

Crossrefs

Formula

Asymptotics: a(n) = 2^(Theta(n^2)). This is Bachmann-Landau notation, that is, there are constants n_0, c, and d, such that for every n >= n_0 the inequality 2^{c n^2} <= a(n) <= 2^{d n^2} is satisfied. For more information see e.g. the Handbook of Discrete and Computational Geometry. - Manfred Scheucher, Sep 12 2019

A325628 Number of mirror-symmetric Euclidean pseudo-order types: nondegenerate abstract order types of configurations of n points in the plane with a mirroring automorphism.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 12, 28, 225, 825, 13103, 76188, 2358635, 21954947
Offset: 1

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Author

Manfred Scheucher and Günter Rote, Sep 07 2019

Keywords

Crossrefs

Formula

Asymptotics: a(n) = 2^(Theta(n^2)). This is Bachmann-Landau notation, that is, there are constants n_0, c, and d, such that for every n >= n_0 the inequality 2^{c n^2} <= a(n) <= 2^{d n^2} is satisfied. For more information see e.g. the Handbook of Discrete and Computational Geometry. - Manfred Scheucher, Sep 12 2019

A305375 Number of crossing-maximal order types of n points in the plane.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 17, 489, 28103, 2866895
Offset: 1

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Author

N. J. A. Sloane, Jun 12 2018

Keywords

Crossrefs

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