cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

Showing 1-10 of 11 results. Next

A057774 Values of k corresponding to A073571.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 3, 2, 3, 5, 1, 3, 3, 3, 2, 1, 5, 3, 1, 2, 1, 3, 10, 7, 2, 9, 4, 3, 7, 5, 1, 5, 9, 3, 9, 7, 4, 19, 1, 29, 1, 18, 3, 9, 6, 25, 35, 21, 9, 4, 5, 21, 13, 38, 27, 21, 2, 21, 11, 6, 11, 15, 29, 9, 4, 15, 17, 33, 10, 9, 33, 8, 18, 2, 19, 21, 1, 5, 3
Offset: 1

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Author

N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 06 2002

Keywords

Comments

If there is more than one choice for k then the smallest value is taken.

A073726 Primitive irreducible trinomials: x^n + x^k + 1 is a primitive irreducible polynomial (mod 2) for some k with 0 < k < n.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 15, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 28, 29, 31, 33, 35, 36, 39, 41, 47, 49, 52, 55, 57, 58, 60, 63, 65, 68, 71, 73, 79, 81, 84, 87, 89, 93, 94, 95, 97, 98, 100, 103, 105, 106, 108, 111, 113, 118, 119, 121, 123, 124, 127, 129, 130, 132, 134, 135, 137, 140, 142, 145, 148, 150, 151, 153, 159, 161, 167, 169, 170, 172, 174, 175, 177, 178, 183, 185, 191, 193, 194, 198, 199, 201
Offset: 1

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Author

Keywords

Comments

Start is similar to A194125; first terms here but missing there are 140, 212, 236.

References

  • S. W. Golomb, "Shift Register Sequences", revised edition, reprinted by Aegean Park Press, 1982. See Tables V-1, V-2.

Crossrefs

See A073571 for irreducible trinomials and A001153 for primitive Mersenne trinomials (and references). See A074744 for values of k.
Cf. A194125 (n such that x^n+(1+x)^w over GF(2) is primitive for some w).

Programs

  • Magma
    A073726 := function(n) for k := 1 to n-1 do if IsPrimitive(x^n+x^k+1) then return true; end if; end for; return false; end function; l := []; for n := 1 to 100 do if A073726(n) then l := Append(l,n); end if; end for; l;
  • Maple
    A073726 := proc(n) local k,m: option remember: if(n=1)then return 2: else m:=procname(n-1)+1: while(true)do for k from 1 to m-1 do if Primitive(x^m+x^k+1) mod 2 then return m: fi: od: m:=m+1: od: fi: end:
    seq(A073726(n),n=1..20); # Nathaniel Johnston, Apr 26 2011
  • Mathematica
    okQ[n_] := AnyTrue[Range[n-1], PrimitivePolynomialQ[x^n + x^# + 1, 2]&];
    Select[Range[201], okQ] (* Jean-François Alcover, Aug 19 2019 *)

Extensions

a(49)-a(58) from Nathaniel Johnston, Apr 26 2011

A001153 Degrees of primitive irreducible trinomials: n such that 2^n - 1 is a Mersenne prime and x^n + x^k + 1 is a primitive irreducible polynomial over GF(2) for some k with 0 < k < n.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 3, 5, 7, 17, 31, 89, 127, 521, 607, 1279, 2281, 3217, 4423, 9689, 19937, 23209, 44497, 110503, 132049, 756839, 859433, 3021377, 6972593, 24036583, 25964951, 30402457, 32582657, 42643801, 43112609
Offset: 1

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Author

Keywords

Comments

Also the list of "irreducible Mersenne trinomials" since here irreducible implies primitive.
Further terms of the form +-3 (mod 8) are unlikely, as the only possibility of an irreducible trinomial for n == +-3 (mod 8) is (by Swan's theorem) x^n+x^2+1 (and its reciprocal); see the Ciet et al. and the Swan reference. - Joerg Arndt, Jan 06 2014
The first Mersenne prime exponent not ruled out by Swan's theorem and yet not a member of this sequence is 57885161. - Gord Palameta, Jul 20 2018
74207281 is also in the sequence. - Gord Palameta, Jul 20 2018

References

  • N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
  • N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Crossrefs

For smallest values of k, see A074743.

Extensions

Corrected and extended by Paul Zimmermann, Sep 05 2002
Six more terms from Brent's page added by Max Alekseyev, Oct 22 2011

A073639 Numbers k such that x^k + x + 1 is a primitive polynomial modulo 2.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 15, 22, 60, 63, 127, 153, 471, 532, 865, 900, 1366
Offset: 1

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Author

Keywords

Comments

Subsequence of A002475, which gives k for which the polynomial x^k + x + 1 is irreducible modulo 2. Term m of A002475 belongs to this sequence iff A046932(m) = 2^m - 1.
Note that a(16) = 1366 = A002475(23). For k = A002475(24) and A002475(25), polynomial x^k + x + 1 is not primitive modulo 2, so a(17) >= A002475(26) = 4495.
The following large terms of A002475 do not belong here: 53484, 62481, 83406, 103468. - Max Alekseyev, Aug 18 2015

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Select[Range[2, 1000], PrimitivePolynomialQ[x^# + x + 1, 2] &] (* Robert Price, Sep 19 2018 *)

A057486 Numbers k such that x^k + x^m + 1 is factorable over GF(2) for all m between 1 and k.

Original entry on oeis.org

8, 13, 16, 19, 24, 26, 27, 32, 37, 38, 40, 43, 45, 48, 50, 51, 53, 56, 59, 61, 64, 67, 69, 70, 72, 75, 77, 78, 80, 82, 83, 85, 88, 91, 96, 99, 101, 104, 107, 109, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 120, 122, 125, 128, 131, 133, 136, 138, 139, 141, 143, 144, 149, 152, 157
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 28 2000

Keywords

Comments

Brent, Hart, Kruppa, and Zimmermann found that 57885161 is a term of this sequence. - Charles R Greathouse IV, May 30 2013

Examples

			a(1) = 8 because
x^8 + x^1 + 1 = (1 + x + x^2)*(1 + x^2 + x^3 + x^5 + x^6),
x^8 + x^2 + 1 = (1 + x + x^4)^2,
x^8 + x^3 + 1 = (1 + x + x^3)*(1 + x + x^2 + x^3 + x^5),
x^8 + x^4 + 1 = (1 + x + x^2)^4,
x^8 + x^5 + 1 = (1 + x^2 + x^3)*(1 + x^2 + x^3 + x^4 + x^5),
x^8 + x^6 + 1 = (1 + x^3 + x^4)^2, and
x^8 + x^7 + 1 = (1 + x + x^2)*(1 + x + x^3 + x^4 + x^6).
		

Crossrefs

Complement of A073571. Cf. A001153, A002475, A073639.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Do[ k = 1; While[ ToString[ Factor[ x^n + x^k + 1, Modulus -> 2 ]] != ToString[ x^n + x^k + 1 ] && k < n, k++ ]; If[ k == n, Print[ n ]], {n, 2, 234} ]
  • PARI
    is(n)=for(s=1,n\2,if(polisirreducible((x^n+x^s+1)*Mod(1,2)), return(0)));1 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, May 30 2013

A057646 a(n) is the number of trinomials x^n + x^k + 1 that are irreducible over GF(2) for some k with n > k > 0.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 0, 4, 2, 2, 4, 0, 2, 6, 0, 6, 5, 0, 4, 4, 2, 4, 0, 4, 0, 0, 8, 2, 4, 8, 0, 4, 2, 2, 6, 0, 0, 6, 0, 4, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 8, 0, 8, 0, 0, 8, 0, 5, 4, 0, 8, 2, 0, 12, 0, 2, 10, 0, 4, 2, 0, 4, 0, 0, 10, 0, 6, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 4, 0, 6, 0, 0, 14, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 4, 0, 8, 4, 0, 10
Offset: 2

Views

Author

Robert G. Wilson v, Oct 11 2000

Keywords

Comments

Brent, Hart, Kruppa, and Zimmermann found that a(57885161) = 0. - Charles R Greathouse IV, May 30 2013

Examples

			a(7) = 4 because 1 + x + x^7 = 1 + x + x^7, 1 + x^2 + x^7 = (1 + x + x^2)*(1 + x + x^2 + x^4 + x^5), 1 + x^3 + x^7 = 1 + x^3 + x^7, 1 + x^4 + x^7 = 1 + x^4 + x^7, 1 + x^5 + x^7 = (1 + x + x^2)*(1 + x + x^3 + x^4 + x^5) and 1 + x^6 + x^7 = 1 + x^6 + x^7. Thus there are 4 trinomial expressions which cannot be factored over GF(2) and 2 trinomial expressions which do factor.
		

Crossrefs

For n such that a(n) > 0 see A073571.
Cf. A014580 (irreducible polynomials over GF(2) encoded as binary numbers), A344146.

Programs

A344142 Lexicographically first irreducible polynomial over GF(2) of degree n with the lowest possible number of terms, evaluated at X = 2.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 7, 11, 19, 37, 67, 131, 283, 515, 1033, 2053, 4105, 8219, 16417, 32771, 65579, 131081, 262153, 524327, 1048585, 2097157, 4194307, 8388641, 16777243, 33554441, 67108891, 134217767, 268435459, 536870917, 1073741827, 2147483657, 4294967437, 8589935617
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Jianing Song, May 10 2021

Keywords

Comments

Different from A344141, here you first check x^n + x + 1, x^n + x^2 + 1, ..., x^n + x^(n-1) + 1 until you get an irreducible polynomial over GF(2); if there are none, you then check x^n + x^3 + x^2 + x + 1, x^n + x^4 + x^2 + x + 1, x^n + x^4 + x^3 + x + 1, x^n + x^4 + x^3 + x^2 + 1, ..., x^n + x^(n-1) + x^(n-2) + x^(n-3) + 1 until you get an irreducible polynomial over GF(2). Once you find it, evaluate it at x = 2.
Note that it is conjectured that an irreducible polynomial of degree n with 5 terms exists for every n. It follows from the conjecture that A000120(a(n)) = 3 for n in A073571 and 5 for n in A057486.
In A057496 it is stated that if x^n + x^3 + x^2 + x + 1 is irreducible, then so is x^n + x^3 + 1. It follows that no term other than 19 can be of the form 2^n + 15.

Examples

			a(33) = 8589935617, since x^33 + x + 1, x^33 + x^2 + 1, x^33 + x^3 + 1, ..., x^33 + x^9 + 1 are all reducible over GF(2) and x^33 + x^10 + 1 is irreducible, so a(33) = 2^33 + 2^10 + 1 = 8589935617.
a(8) = 283, since x^8 + x + 1, x^8 + x^2 + 1, ..., x^8 + x^7 + 1 are all reducible over GF(2); both x^8 + x^3 + x^2 + x + 1, x^8 + x^4 + x^2 + x + 1 are reducible, and x^8 + x^4 + x^3 + x + 1 is irreducible, so a(8) = 2^8 + 2^4 + 2^3 + 2 + 1 = 283.
		

Crossrefs

Programs

  • PARI
    A344142(n) = if(n==1, 2, for(k=1, n-1, if(polisirreducible(Mod(x^n+x^k+1, 2)), return(2^n+2^k+1))); for(a=3, n-1, for(b=2, a-1, for(c=1, b-1, if(polisirreducible(Mod(x^n+x^a+x^b+x^c+1, 2)), return(2^n+2^a+2^b+2^c+1)))))) \\ Assuming that an irreducible polynomial of degree n with at most 5 terms exists for every n.

A272486 Numbers n > 1 such that the polynomial x^(n-k)*(x+1)^k+1 over GF(2) is reducible for all k from 1 to n-1.

Original entry on oeis.org

8, 13, 16, 19, 24, 26, 27, 32, 37, 38, 40, 42, 43, 45, 48, 50, 51, 53, 54, 56, 59, 61, 64, 66, 67, 69, 70, 72, 75, 77, 78, 80, 82, 83, 85, 88, 90, 91, 96, 99, 101, 104, 107, 109, 110, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 120, 122, 125, 126, 128, 131, 133, 136, 138, 139
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Luis H. Gallardo, May 01 2016

Keywords

Comments

If n = p is an odd prime, the sequence appears coincide with A057749. Is this true, and if so, why?
More generally, the sequence appears the same as the set complement of A073571 (minus {1}). Again, if true, why? [This is not correct. E.g., the terms 42, 54, 66, 90, and 110 are in both sequences. Joerg Arndt, Apr 29 2019]

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Mathematica
    ok[n_] := {} == Quiet@ Select[Range[n-1], IrreduciblePolynomialQ[ x^(n-#) * (x+1)^# + 1, Modulus -> 2] &, 1]; Select[Range[2, 140], ok] (* Giovanni Resta, May 02 2016 *)
  • PARI
    isok(n) = if (n<=1, 0, for (k=1, n-1, if (polisirreducible(Mod(1,2)*(x^(n-k)*(x+1)^k+1)), return(0));); 1;); \\ Michel Marcus, May 02 2016

Extensions

a(41)-a(60) from Giovanni Resta, May 02 2016

A278572 Irregular triangle read by rows: row n lists values of k in range 1 <= k <= n/2 such x^n + x^k + 1 is irreducible (mod 2), or -1 if no such k exists.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 3, -1, 1, 4, 3, 2, 3, 5, -1, 5, 1, 4, 7, -1, 3, 5, 6, 3, 7, 9, -1, 3, 5, 2, 7, 1, 5, 9, -1, 3, 7, -1, -1, 1, 3, 9, 13, 2, 1, 9, 3, 6, 7, 13, -1, 10, 13, 7, 2, 9, 11, 15, -1, -1, 4, 8, 14, -1, 3, 20, 7, -1, 5, -1, 1, 5, 14, 20, 21, -1
Offset: 2

Views

Author

N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 27 2016

Keywords

Comments

This is the format used by John Brillhart (1968) and Zierler and Brillhart (1968).

Examples

			Triangle begins:
1,
1,
1,
2,
1, 3,
1, 3,
-1,
1, 4,
3,
2,
3, 5,
-1,
5,
1, 4, 7,
-1,
3, 5, 6,
...
		

References

  • Alanen, J. D., and Donald E. Knuth. "Tables of finite fields." Sankhyā: The Indian Journal of Statistics, Series A (1964): 305-328.
  • John Brillhart, On primitive trinomials (mod 2), unpublished Bell Labs Memorandum, 1968.
  • Marsh, Richard W. Table of irreducible polynomials over GF (2) through degree 19. Office of Technical Services, US Department of Commerce, 1957.

Crossrefs

Rows n that contain particular numbers: 1 (A002475), 2 (A057460), 3 (A057461), 4 (A057463), 5 (A057474), 6 (A057476), 7 (A057477), 8 (A057478), 9 (A057479), 10 (A057480), 11 (A057481), 12 (A057482), 13 (A057483).

Programs

  • Maple
    T:= proc(n) local L; L:= select(k -> Irreduc(x^n+x^k+1) mod 2, [$1..n/2]); if L = [] then -1 else op(L) fi
    end proc:
    map(T, [$2..100]); # Robert Israel, Mar 28 2017
  • Mathematica
    DeleteCases[#, 0] & /@ Table[Boole[IrreduciblePolynomialQ[x^n + x^# + 1, Modulus -> 2]] # & /@ Range[Floor[n/2]], {n, 2, 40}] /. {} -> {-1} // Flatten (* Michael De Vlieger, Mar 28 2017 *)

A278573 Irregular triangle read by rows: row n lists values of k in range 1 <= k <= n-1 such x^n + x^k + 1 is irreducible (mod 2), or -1 if no such k exists.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 3, 1, 3, 5, 1, 3, 4, 6, -1, 1, 4, 5, 8, 3, 7, 2, 9, 3, 5, 7, 9, -1, 5, 9, 1, 4, 7, 8, 11, 14, -1, 3, 5, 6, 11, 12, 14, 3, 7, 9, 11, 15, -1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 2, 7, 14, 19, 1, 21, 5, 9, 14, 18, -1, 3, 7, 18, 22, -1, -1, 1, 3, 9, 13, 15, 19, 25, 27, 2, 27, 1, 9, 21, 29, 3, 6, 7, 13
Offset: 2

Views

Author

N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 27 2016

Keywords

Comments

Row n (if it is not -1) is invariant under the map k -> n-k. - Robert Israel, Mar 14 2018

Examples

			Triangle begins:
1,
1, 2,
1, 3,
2, 3,
1, 3, 5,
1, 3, 4, 6,
-1,
1, 4, 5, 8,
3, 7,
2, 9,
3, 5, 7, 9,
-1,
5, 9,
1, 4, 7, 8, 11, 14,
-1,
3, 5, 6, 11, 12, 14,
3, 7, 9, 11, 15,
-1,
3, 5, 15, 17,
2, 7, 14, 19,
1, 21,
...
		

References

  • Alanen, J. D., and Donald E. Knuth. "Tables of finite fields." Sankhyā: The Indian Journal of Statistics, Series A (1964): 305-328.
  • John Brillhart, On primitive trinomials (mod 2), unpublished Bell Labs Memorandum, 1968.
  • Marsh, Richard W. Table of irreducible polynomials over GF (2) through degree 19. Office of Technical Services, US Department of Commerce, 1957.

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Maple
    for n from 2 to 30 do
      S:= select(k -> Irreduc(x^n+x^k+1) mod 2, [$1..n-1]);
      if S = [] then print(-1) else print(op(S)) fi
    od: # Robert Israel, Mar 14 2018
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