A036263 -id:A036263 - cp's OEIS frontend

A378033 Greatest nonsquarefree number <= n, or 1 if there is none (the case n <= 3).

1, 1, 1, 4, 4, 4, 4, 8, 9, 9, 9, 12, 12, 12, 12, 16, 16, 18, 18, 20, 20, 20, 20, 24, 25, 25, 27, 28, 28, 28, 28, 32, 32, 32, 32, 36, 36, 36, 36, 40, 40, 40, 40, 44, 45, 45, 45, 48, 49, 50, 50, 52, 52, 54, 54, 56, 56, 56, 56, 60, 60, 60, 63, 64, 64, 64, 64, 68

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Nov 18 2024

nonn

			The nonsquarefree numbers <= 10 are {4, 8, 9}, so a(10) = 9.

For prime-powers we have A031218, differences A377782.
Greatest of the nonsquarefree numbers counted by A057627.
The opposite for squarefree is A067535, differences A378087.
For squarefree we have A070321, differences A378085.
The opposite is A120327 (union A162966), differences A378039.
The restriction to the primes is A378032, opposite A377783 (union A378040).
First-differences are A378036, restriction A378034.
A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223, seconds A036263.
A005117 lists the squarefree numbers, differences A076259, seconds A376590.
A013929 lists the nonsquarefree numbers, differences A078147, seconds A376593.
A061398 counts squarefree numbers between primes (sums A337030), zeros A068360.
A061399 counts nonsquarefree numbers between primes (sums A378086), zeros A068361.
A112925 gives the greatest squarefree number < prime(n), differences A378038.
A112926 gives the least squarefree number > prime(n), differences A378037.
A377046 encodes k-differences of nonsquarefree numbers, zeros A377050.
Cf. A053797, A053806, A377047, A377048, A377049, A377784, A378082, A378083, A378084.

Table[NestWhile[#-1&,n,#>1&&SquareFreeQ[#]&],{n,100}]

a(n) = my(k=n); while (issquarefree(k), k--); if(!k, 1, k); \\ Michel Marcus, Jul 26 2025

a(prime(n)) = A378032(n).

a(n) = A013929(A057627(n)), for n > 3. - Ridouane Oudra, Jul 26 2025

A258025 Numbers k such that prime(k+2) - 2*prime(k+1) + prime(k) > 0.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 17, 20, 22, 23, 26, 28, 29, 31, 33, 35, 38, 41, 43, 45, 49, 50, 52, 57, 60, 61, 64, 65, 67, 69, 70, 71, 75, 76, 78, 79, 81, 83, 85, 86, 89, 90, 93, 95, 96, 98, 100, 104, 105, 109, 113, 116, 117, 120, 122, 123, 124, 126, 131, 134

Offset: 1

Clark Kimberling, Jun 02 2015

			5 - 2*3 + 2 = 1, so a(1) = 5.

Clark Kimberling, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000

Partition of the positive integers:  A064113, A258025, A258026;
Corresponding partition of the primes: A063535, A063535, A147812.
Adjacent terms differing by 1 correspond to weak prime quartets A054819.
The version for the Kolakoski sequence is A156243.
The version for strict descents is A258026.
The version for weak ascents is A333230.
The version for weak descents is A333231.
First differences are A333212 (if the first term is 0).
Prime gaps are A001223.
Positions of adjacent equal prime gaps are A064113.
Weakly decreasing runs of compositions in standard order are A124765.
A triangle counting compositions by strict ascents is A238343.
Positions of adjacent unequal prime gaps are A333214.
Lengths of maximal anti-runs of prime gaps are A333216.
Cf. A000040, A036263, A084758, A114994, A124760, A124761, A124766, A333215.

u = Table[Sign[Prime[n+2] - 2 Prime[n+1] + Prime[n]], {n, 3, 200}];
Flatten[Position[u, 0]]   (* A064113 *)
Flatten[Position[u, 1]]   (* A258025 *)
Flatten[Position[u, -1]]  (* A258026 *)
Accumulate[Length/@Split[Differences[Array[Prime,100]],#1>=#2&]]//Most (* Gus Wiseman, Mar 25 2020 *)
Position[Partition[Prime[Range[150]],3,1],?(#[[3]]-2#[[2]]+#[[1]]> 0&),1,Heads->False]//Flatten (* _Harvey P. Dale, Dec 25 2021 *)

isok(k) = prime(k+2) - 2*prime(k+1) + prime(k) > 0; \\ Michel Marcus, Jun 03 2015

is(n,p=prime(n))=my(q=nextprime(p+1),r=nextprime(q+1)); p + r > 2*q
v=List(); n=0; forprime(p=2,1e4, if(is(n++,p), listput(v,n))); v \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jun 03 2015

from itertools import count, islice
from sympy import prime, nextprime
def A258025_gen(startvalue=1): # generator of terms >= startvalue
    c = max(startvalue,1)
    p = prime(c)
    q = nextprime(p)
    r = nextprime(q)
    for k in count(c):
        if p+r>(q<<1):
            yield k
        p, q, r = q, r, nextprime(r)
A258025_list = list(islice(A258025_gen(),20)) # Chai Wah Wu, Feb 27 2024

A376562 Second differences of consecutive non-perfect-powers (A007916). First differences of A375706.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, -1, 0, 2, -2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0, 1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Oct 01 2024

sign

Non-perfect-powers (A007916) are numbers without a proper integer root.

			The non-perfect powers (A007916) are:
  2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 28, ...
with first differences (A375706):
  1, 2, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, ...
with first differences (A376562):
  1, -1, 0, 2, -2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0, ...

The version for A000002 is A376604, first differences of A054354.
For first differences we had A375706, ones A375740, complement A375714.
Positions of zeros are A376588, complement A376589.
Runs of non-perfect-powers:
- length: A375702 = A053289(n+1) - 1
- first: A375703 (same as A216765 with 2 exceptions)
- last: A375704 (same as A045542 with 8 removed)
- sum: A375705
A000961 lists prime-powers inclusive, exclusive A246655.
A007916 lists non-perfect-powers, complement A001597.
A112344 counts integer partitions into perfect-powers, factorizations A294068.
A333254 gives run-lengths of differences between consecutive primes.
For non-perfect-powers: A375706 (first differences), A376588 (inflections and undulations), A376589 (nonzero curvature).
For second differences: A036263 (prime), A073445 (composite), A376559 (perfect-power), A376590 (squarefree), A376593 (nonsquarefree), A376596 (prime-power inclusive), A376599 (non-prime-power inclusive).
Cf. A025475, A052410, A053707, A064113, A069623, A093555, A174965, A182853, A336416, A336417, A361102.

radQ[n_]:=n>1&&GCD@@Last/@FactorInteger[n]==1;
Differences[Select[Range[100],radQ],2]

from itertools import count
from sympy import mobius, integer_nthroot, perfect_power
def A376562(n):
    def f(x): return int(n+1-sum(mobius(k)*(integer_nthroot(x, k)[0]-1) for k in range(2, x.bit_length())))
    m, k = n, f(n)
    while m != k: m, k = k, f(k)
    r = m+((k:=next(i for i in count(1) if not perfect_power(m+i)))<<1)
    return next(i for i in count(1-k) if not perfect_power(r+i)) # Chai Wah Wu, Oct 02 2024

A376590 Second differences of consecutive squarefree numbers (A005117). First differences of A076259.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, -1, 0, 2, -2, 1, -1, 0, 1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 2, 0, -2, 0, 1, -1, 0, 1, -1, 0, 1, -1, 0, 2, -2, 3, -2, 0, 0, -1, 0, 1, -1, 2, -2, 0, 1, -1, 0, 1, -1, 2, -2, 0, 2, -2, 1, -1, 0, 1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 1, 2, -3, 0, 1, -1, 0, 1, -1, 0, 1, -1, 0, 2, -2, 2, -2, 3, -2, -1

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Oct 01 2024

sign

			The squarefree numbers (A005117) are:
  1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 19, 21, 22, 23, 26, 29, 30, 31, 33, 34, ...
with first differences (A076259):
  1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, ...
with first differences (A376590):
  0, 1, -1, 0, 2, -2, 1, -1, 0, 1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 2, 0, -2, 0, 1, -1, 0, 1, -1, 0, 1, ...

The version for A000002 is A376604, first differences of A054354.
The first differences were A076259, see also A375927, A376305, A376306, A376307, A376311.
Zeros are A376591, complement A376592.
Sorted positions of first appearances are A376655.
A000040 lists the prime numbers, differences A001223.
A001597 lists perfect-powers, complement A007916.
A005117 lists squarefree numbers, complement A013929 (differences A078147).
A073576 counts integer partitions into squarefree numbers, factorizations A050320.
A333254 lists run-lengths of differences between consecutive primes.
For second differences: A036263 (prime), A073445 (composite), A376559 (perfect-power), A376562 (non-perfect-power), A376593 (nonsquarefree), A376596 (prime-power inclusive), A376599 (non-prime-power inclusive).
For squarefree numbers: A076259 (first differences), A376591 (inflections and undulations), A376592 (nonzero curvature), A376655 (sorted first positions).
Cf. A000961, A007674, A053797, A053806, A061398, A072284, A112925, A112926, A120992, A251092, A373198, A376342.

Differences[Select[Range[100],SquareFreeQ],2]

from math import isqrt
from sympy import mobius
def A376590(n):
    def iterfun(f,n=0):
        m, k = n, f(n)
        while m != k: m, k = k, f(k)
        return m
    def f(x): return n+x-sum(mobius(k)*(x//k**2) for k in range(1, isqrt(x)+1))
    a = iterfun(f,n)
    b = iterfun(lambda x:f(x)+1,a)
    return a+iterfun(lambda x:f(x)+2,b)-(b<<1) # Chai Wah Wu, Oct 02 2024

A258026 Numbers k such that prime(k+2) - 2*prime(k+1) + prime(k) < 0.

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 6, 9, 11, 12, 16, 18, 19, 21, 24, 25, 27, 30, 32, 34, 37, 40, 42, 44, 47, 48, 51, 53, 56, 58, 59, 62, 63, 66, 68, 72, 74, 77, 80, 82, 84, 87, 88, 91, 92, 94, 97, 99, 101, 103, 106, 108, 111, 112, 114, 115, 119, 121, 125, 127, 128, 130, 132, 133, 135, 137

Offset: 1

Clark Kimberling, Jun 05 2015

Positions of strict descents in the sequence of differences between primes. Partial sums of A333215. - Gus Wiseman, Mar 24 2020

			The prime gaps split into the following maximal weakly increasing subsequences: (1,2,2,4), (2,4), (2,4,6), (2,6), (4), (2,4,6,6), (2,6), (4), (2,6), (4,6,8), (4), (2,4), (2,4,14), ... Then a(n) is the n-th partial sum of the lengths of these subsequences. - _Gus Wiseman_, Mar 24 2020

Clark Kimberling, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
Wikipedia, Longest increasing subsequence

Partition of the positive integers:  A064113, A258025, A258026;
Corresponding partition of the primes: A063535, A063535, A147812.
Adjacent terms differing by 1 correspond to strong prime quartets A054804.
The version for the Kolakoski sequence is A156242.
First differences are A333215 (if the first term is 0).
The version for strict ascents is A258025.
The version for weak ascents is A333230.
The version for weak descents is A333231.
Prime gaps are A001223.
Positions of adjacent equal prime gaps are A064113.
Weakly increasing runs of compositions in standard order are A124766.
Strictly decreasing runs of compositions in standard order are A124769.
Cf. A000040, A000720, A001221, A036263, A054819, A084758, A124765, A124768, A333212, A333213, A333214, A333256.

u = Table[Sign[Prime[n+2] - 2 Prime[n+1] + Prime[n]], {n, 1, 200}];
Flatten[Position[u, 0]]   (* A064113 *)
Flatten[Position[u, 1]]   (* A258025 *)
Flatten[Position[u, -1]]  (* A258026 *)
Accumulate[Length/@Split[Differences[Array[Prime,100]],LessEqual]]//Most (* Gus Wiseman, Mar 24 2020 *)

from itertools import count, islice
from sympy import prime, nextprime
def A258026_gen(startvalue=1): # generator of terms >= startvalue
    c = max(startvalue,1)
    p = prime(c)
    q = nextprime(p)
    r = nextprime(q)
    for k in count(c):
        if p+r<(q<<1):
            yield k
        p, q, r = q, r, nextprime(r)
A258026_list = list(islice(A258026_gen(),20)) # Chai Wah Wu, Feb 27 2024

A376559 Second differences of consecutive perfect powers (A001597). First differences of A053289.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, -3, 6, 2, -7, 3, -1, 9, 2, 2, 2, 2, -17, -1, 13, 9, 2, -7, -11, 9, -5, 20, 2, -16, -1, 21, 2, 2, -15, -11, 30, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, -22, -15, 41, 2, 2, 2, -36, 3, 37, 2, 2, 2, -34, -11, 49, 2, 2, -66, 45, 3, -61, 2, 83, 2, 2, 2, 2, -63, 25, 42, 2, -9, -89

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Sep 28 2024

sign

Perfect-powers A007916 are numbers with a proper integer root.

Does this sequence contain zero?

			The perfect powers (A001597) are:
  1, 4, 8, 9, 16, 25, 27, 32, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 125, 128, 144, 169, 196, ...
with first differences (A053289):
  3, 4, 1, 7, 9, 2, 5, 4, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 4, 3, 16, 25, 27, 20, 9, 18, 13, ...
with first differences (A376559):
  1, -3, 6, 2, -7, 3, -1, 9, 2, 2, 2, 2, -17, -1, 13, 9, 2, -7, -11, 9, -5, 20, ...

The version for A000002 is A376604, first differences of A054354.
For first differences we have A053289, union A023055, firsts A376268, A376519.
A000961 lists prime-powers inclusive, exclusive A246655.
A001597 lists perfect-powers, complement A007916.
A112344 counts integer partitions into perfect-powers, factorizations A294068.
For perfect-powers: A053289 (first differences), A376560 (positive curvature), A376561 (negative curvature).
For second differences: A036263 (prime), A073445 (composite), A376562 (non-perfect-power), A376590 (squarefree), A376593 (nonsquarefree), A376596 (prime-power), A376599 (non-prime-power).
Cf. A045542, A052410, A053707, A064113, A069623, A174965, A216765, A251092, A333254, A336416, A361102.

perpowQ[n_]:=n==1||GCD@@FactorInteger[n][[All,2]]>1;
Differences[Select[Range[1000],perpowQ],2]

lista(nn) = my(v = concat (1, select(ispower, [1..nn])), w = vector(#v-1, i, v[i+1] - v[i])); vector(#w-1, i, w[i+1] - w[i]); \\ Michel Marcus, Oct 02 2024

from sympy import mobius, integer_nthroot
def A376559(n):
    def bisection(f,kmin=0,kmax=1):
        while f(kmax) > kmax: kmax <<= 1
        while kmax-kmin > 1:
            kmid = kmax+kmin>>1
            if f(kmid) <= kmid:
                kmax = kmid
            else:
                kmin = kmid
        return kmax
    def f(x): return int(n-1+x+sum(mobius(k)*(integer_nthroot(x,k)[0]-1) for k in range(2,x.bit_length())))
    a = bisection(f,n,n)
    b = bisection(lambda x:f(x)+1,a,a)
    return a+bisection(lambda x:f(x)+2,b,b)-(b<<1) # Chai Wah Wu, Oct 02 2024

A376599 Second differences of consecutive non-prime-powers inclusive (A024619). First differences of A375735.

Original entry on oeis.org

-2, 0, -1, 2, -1, -1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, -2, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Oct 02 2024

sign

Inclusive means 1 is a prime-power but not a non-prime-power. For the exclusive version, shift left once.

			The non-prime-powers inclusive (A024619) are:
  6, 10, 12, 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, ...
with first differences (A375735):
  4, 2, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, ...
with first differences (A376599):
  -2, 0, -1, 2, -1, -1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, -2, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 1, 0, ...

The version for A000002 is A376604, first differences of A054354.
For first differences we had A375735, ones A375713(n) - 1.
Positions of zeros are A376600, complement A376601.
A000961 lists prime-powers inclusive, exclusive A246655.
A007916 lists non-perfect-powers.
A057820 gives first differences of prime-powers inclusive, first appearances A376341, sorted A376340.
A321346/A321378 count integer partitions without prime-powers, factorizations A322452.
For non-prime-powers: A024619/A361102 (terms), A375735/A375708 (first differences), A376600 (inflections and undulations), A376601 (nonzero curvature).
For second differences: A036263 (prime), A073445 (composite), A376559 (perfect-power), A376562 (non-perfect-power), A376590 (squarefree), A376593 (nonsquarefree), A376596 (prime-power).
Cf. A025475, A053707, A064113, A093555, A174965, A251092, A333254, A376653, A376654.

Differences[Select[Range[100],!(#==1||PrimePowerQ[#])&],2]

from sympy import primepi, integer_nthroot
def A376599(n):
    def iterfun(f,n=0):
        m, k = n, f(n)
        while m != k: m, k = k, f(k)
        return m
    def f(x): return int(n+1+sum(primepi(integer_nthroot(x,k)[0]) for k in range(1,x.bit_length())))
    return (a:=iterfun(f,n))-((b:=iterfun(lambda x:f(x)+1,a))<<1)+iterfun(lambda x:f(x)+2,b) # Chai Wah Wu, Oct 02 2024

A378032 a(1) = a(2) = 1; a(n>2) is the greatest nonsquarefree number < prime(n).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 4, 4, 9, 12, 16, 18, 20, 28, 28, 36, 40, 40, 45, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68, 72, 76, 81, 88, 96, 100, 100, 104, 108, 112, 126, 128, 136, 136, 148, 150, 156, 162, 164, 172, 176, 180, 189, 192, 196, 198, 208, 220, 225, 228, 232, 236, 240, 250, 256, 261, 268, 270

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Nov 16 2024

nonn

			The terms together with their prime indices begin:
    1: {}
    1: {}
    4: {1,1}
    4: {1,1}
    9: {2,2}
   12: {1,1,2}
   16: {1,1,1,1}
   18: {1,2,2}
   20: {1,1,3}
   28: {1,1,4}
   28: {1,1,4}
   36: {1,1,2,2}
   40: {1,1,1,3}
   40: {1,1,1,3}
   45: {2,2,3}
   52: {1,1,6}
   56: {1,1,1,4}
   60: {1,1,2,3}
   64: {1,1,1,1,1,1}
   68: {1,1,7}
   72: {1,1,1,2,2}

Terms appearing twice are A061351 + 1.
For prime-powers we have A065514 (diffs A377781), opposite A345531 (diffs A377703).
For squarefree we have A112925 (differences A378038).
The opposite for squarefree is A112926 (differences A378037).
The opposite is A377783 (union A378040), restriction of A120327 (differences A378039).
Restriction of A378033, which has differences A378036.
The first-differences are A378034, opposite A377784.
A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223, seconds A036263.
A005117 lists the squarefree numbers.
A013929 lists the nonsquarefree numbers, differences A078147, seconds A376593.
A061398 counts squarefree numbers between primes (sums A337030), zeros A068360.
A061399 counts nonsquarefree numbers between primes (sums A378086), zeros A068361.
A070321 gives the greatest squarefree number up to n.
A377046 encodes k-differences of nonsquarefree numbers, zeros A377050.
Cf. A053797, A053806, A072284, A065890, A224363, A366833, A377431.
Cf. A377047, A377048, A377049, A377430, A378082, A378083, A378084.

Table[NestWhile[#-1&,Prime[n],#>1&&SquareFreeQ[#]&],{n,100}]

a(n) = A378033(prime(n)).

A054804 First term of strong prime quartets: prime(m+1)-prime(m) > prime(m+2)-prime(m+1) > prime(m+3)-prime(m+2).

Original entry on oeis.org

31, 61, 89, 211, 271, 293, 449, 467, 607, 619, 709, 743, 839, 863, 919, 1069, 1291, 1409, 1439, 1459, 1531, 1637, 1657, 1669, 1723, 1759, 1777, 1831, 1847, 1861, 1979, 1987, 2039, 2131, 2311, 2357, 2371, 2447, 2459, 2477, 2503, 2521, 2557, 2593, 2633

Offset: 1

Henry Bottomley, Apr 10 2000

nonn

Primes preceding the first member of pairs of consecutive primes in A051634 ("strong primes"), see example. (A051634 lists the middle member of the triplets, here we list the first member of the quadruplets.) - M. F. Hasler, Oct 27 2018, corrected thanks to Gus Wiseman, Jun 01 2020.

			The first 10 strictly decreasing prime gap quartets:
   31  37  41  43
   61  67  71  73
   89  97 101 103
  211 223 227 229
  271 277 281 283
  293 307 311 313
  449 457 461 463
  467 479 487 491
  607 613 617 619
  619 631 641 643
For example, the primes (211,223,227,229) have differences (12,4,2), which are strictly decreasing, so 211 is in the sequence.
The second and third term of each quadruplet are consecutive terms in A051634: this is a characteristic property of this sequence. - _M. F. Hasler_, Jun 01 2020

Robert Israel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000

Cf. A051634, A054800-A054840.
Prime gaps are A001223.
Second prime gaps are A036263.
All of the following use prime indices rather than the primes themselves:
- Strictly decreasing prime gap quartets are A335278.
- Strictly increasing prime gap quartets are A335277.
- Equal prime gap quartets are A090832.
- Weakly increasing prime gap quartets are A333383.
- Weakly decreasing prime gap quartets are A333488.
- Unequal prime gap quartets are A333490.
- Partially unequal prime gap quartets are A333491.
- Adjacent equal prime gaps are A064113.
- Strict ascents in prime gaps are A258025.
- Strict descents in prime gaps are A258026.
- Adjacent unequal prime gaps are A333214.
- Weak ascents in prime gaps are A333230.
- Weak descents in prime gaps are A333231.
Maximal weakly increasing intervals of prime gaps are A333215.
Maximal strictly decreasing intervals of prime gaps are A333252.
Cf. also A000040, A006560, A031217, A054800, A054805, A054806, A054807, A059044, A084758, A089180, A333253, A335278.

primes:= select(isprime,[seq(i,i=3..10000,2)]):
L:=  primes[2..-1]-primes[1..-2]:
primes[select(t -> L[t+2] < L[t+1] and L[t+1] < L[t], [$1..nops(L)-2])]; # Robert Israel, Jun 28 2018

ReplaceList[Array[Prime,100],{_,x_,y_,z_,t_,_}/;y-x>z-y>t-z:>x] (* Gus Wiseman, May 31 2020 *)
Select[Partition[Prime[Range[400]],4,1],Max[Differences[#,2]]<0&][[All,1]] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jan 12 2023 *)

a(n) = prime(A335278(n)). - Gus Wiseman, May 31 2020

A377046 Array read by downward antidiagonals where A(n,k) is the n-th term of the k-th differences of nonsquarefree numbers.

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 8, 4, 9, 1, -3, 12, 3, 2, 5, 16, 4, 1, -1, -6, 18, 2, -2, -3, -2, 4, 20, 2, 0, 2, 5, 7, 3, 24, 4, 2, 2, 0, -5, -12, -15, 25, 1, -3, -5, -7, -7, -2, 10, 25, 27, 2, 1, 4, 9, 16, 23, 25, 15, -10, 28, 1, -1, -2, -6, -15, -31, -54, -79, -94, -84, 32, 4, 3, 4, 6, 12, 27, 58, 112, 191, 285, 369

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Oct 19 2024

Row k is the k-th differences of A013929.

			Array form:
        n=1:  n=2:  n=3:  n=4:  n=5:  n=6:  n=7:  n=8:  n=9:
  ---------------------------------------------------------
  k=0:   4     8     9    12    16    18    20    24    25
  k=1:   4     1     3     4     2     2     4     1     2
  k=2:  -3     2     1    -2     0     2    -3     1    -1
  k=3:   5    -1    -3     2     2    -5     4    -2     4
  k=4:  -6    -2     5     0    -7     9    -6     6    -7
  k=5:   4     7    -5    -7    16   -15    12   -13    10
  k=6:   3   -12    -2    23   -31    27   -25    23   -13
  k=7: -15    10    25   -54    58   -52    48   -36    13
  k=8:  25    15   -79   112  -110   100   -84    49     1
  k=9: -10   -94   191  -222   210  -184   133   -48   -57
Triangle form:
   4
   8   4
   9   1  -3
  12   3   2   5
  16   4   1  -1  -6
  18   2  -2  -3  -2   4
  20   2   0   2   5   7   3
  24   4   2   2   0  -5 -12 -15
  25   1  -3  -5  -7  -7  -2  10  25
  27   2   1   4   9  16  23  25  15 -10
  28   1  -1  -2  -6 -15 -31 -54 -79 -94 -84
  32   4   3   4   6  12  27  58 112 191 285 369

Initial rows: A013929, A078147, A376593.
The version for primes is A095195, noncomposites A376682, composites A377033.
A version for partitions is A175804, cf. A053445, A281425, A320590.
For squarefree numbers we have A377038, sums A377039, absolute A377040.
Triangle row-sums are A377047, absolute version A377048.
Column n = 1 is A377049, for squarefree A377041, for prime A007442 or A030016.
First position of 0 in each row is A377050.
For prime-power instead of nonsquarefree we have A377051.
A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223, seconds A036263.
A005117 lists the squarefree numbers.
A073576 counts integer partitions into squarefree numbers, factorizations A050320.
Cf. A000961, A007674, A053797, A053806, A061398, A072284, A112925, A120992, A376311, A376591, A376592.

nn=9;
t=Table[Take[Differences[NestList[NestWhile[#+1&,#+1,SquareFreeQ[#]&]&,4,2*nn],k],nn],{k,0,nn}]
Table[t[[j,i-j+1]],{i,nn},{j,i}]

A(i,j) = sum_{k=0..j} (-1)^(j-k) binomial(j,k) A013929(i+k).

cp's OEIS Frontend

A378033 Greatest nonsquarefree number <= n, or 1 if there is none (the case n <= 3).

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A258025 Numbers k such that prime(k+2) - 2*prime(k+1) + prime(k) > 0.

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A376562 Second differences of consecutive non-perfect-powers (A007916). First differences of A375706.

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A376590 Second differences of consecutive squarefree numbers (A005117). First differences of A076259.

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A258026 Numbers k such that prime(k+2) - 2*prime(k+1) + prime(k) < 0.

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A376559 Second differences of consecutive perfect powers (A001597). First differences of A053289.

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A376599 Second differences of consecutive non-prime-powers inclusive (A024619). First differences of A375735.

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A378032 a(1) = a(2) = 1; a(n>2) is the greatest nonsquarefree number < prime(n).

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