A109082 -id:A109082 - cp's OEIS frontend

A358726 Difference between the node-height and the number of leaves in the rooted tree with Matula-Goebel number n.

0, 1, 2, 0, 3, 1, 1, -1, 1, 2, 4, 0, 2, 0, 2, -2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 0, 3, 2, -1, 2, 1, 0, -1, 3, 1, 5, -3, 3, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 0, 3, -1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3, -2, -1, 1, 1, 0, -1, -1, 3, -2, -1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 4, -1, -4, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 2, -2, 1, 0, 1, -2, 2, 0, 4, -1

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Nov 29 2022

sign

Node-height is the number of nodes in the longest path from root to leaf.

The Matula-Goebel number of a rooted tree is the product of primes indexed by the Matula-Goebel numbers of the branches of its root, which gives a bijective correspondence between positive integers and unlabeled rooted trees.

			The tree (oo(oo(o))) with Matula-Goebel number 148 has node-height 4 and 5 leaves, so a(148) = -1.

Positions of first appearances are A007097 and latter terms of A000079.
Positions of 0's are A358577.
Other differences: A358580, A358724, A358729.
A000081 counts rooted trees, ordered A000108.
A034781 counts rooted trees by nodes and height, ordered A080936.
A055277 counts rooted trees by nodes and leaves, ordered A001263.
MG statistics: A061775, A109082, A109129, A196050, A342507, A358552.
MG core: A000040, A000720, A001222, A056239, A112798.
Cf. A185650, A206487, A209638, A358576, A358578, A358587, A358730.

MGTree[n_]:=If[n==1,{},MGTree/@Flatten[Cases[FactorInteger[n],{p_,k_}:>Table[PrimePi[p],{k}]]]];
Table[(Depth[MGTree[n]]-1)-Count[MGTree[n],{},{0,Infinity}],{n,1000}]

a(n) = A358552(n) - A109129(n).

A324928 Matula-Goebel numbers of rooted trees of depth 3.

Original entry on oeis.org

5, 10, 13, 15, 17, 20, 23, 25, 26, 30, 34, 35, 37, 39, 40, 43, 45, 46, 50, 51, 52, 60, 61, 65, 67, 68, 69, 70, 73, 74, 75, 78, 80, 85, 86, 89, 90, 91, 92, 95, 100, 102, 103, 104, 105, 107, 111, 115, 117, 119, 120, 122, 125, 129, 130, 134, 135, 136, 138, 140

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Mar 21 2019

nonn

Numbers n such that A109082(n) = 3.

			The sequence of all rooted trees of depth 3 together with their Matula-Goebel numbers begins:
   5: (((o)))
  10: (o((o)))
  13: ((o(o)))
  15: ((o)((o)))
  17: (((oo)))
  20: (oo((o)))
  23: (((o)(o)))
  25: (((o))((o)))
  26: (o(o(o)))
  30: (o(o)((o)))
  34: (o((oo)))
  35: (((o))(oo))
  37: ((oo(o)))
  39: ((o)(o(o)))
  40: (ooo((o)))
  43: ((o(oo)))
  45: ((o)(o)((o)))
  46: (o((o)(o)))
  50: (o((o))((o)))
  51: ((o)((oo)))
  52: (oo(o(o)))
  60: (oo(o)((o)))

Cf. A000081, A003963, A007097, A102378, A318400, A324927, A324930.

Select[Range[100],Length[NestWhileList[Times@@PrimePi/@FactorInteger[#][[All,1]]&,#,#>1&]]-1==3&]

A325543 Width (number of leaves) of the rooted tree with Matula-Goebel number n!.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 12, 14, 16, 17, 20, 22, 25, 27, 31, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, 47, 49, 53, 55, 58, 61, 65, 67, 70, 71, 76, 78, 81, 84, 88, 91, 95, 98, 102, 104, 108, 111, 114, 117, 120, 122, 127, 131, 134, 137, 141, 145, 149, 151, 156, 160, 163, 165, 169, 172

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, May 09 2019

nonn

Also the multiplicity of q(1) in the factorization of n! into factors q(i) = prime(i)/i. For example, the factorization of 7! is q(1)^9 * q(2)^3 * q(3) * q(4), so a(7) = 9.

			Matula-Goebel trees of the first 9 factorial numbers are:
  0!: o
  1!: o
  2!: (o)
  3!: (o(o))
  4!: (ooo(o))
  5!: (ooo(o)((o)))
  6!: (oooo(o)(o)((o)))
  7!: (oooo(o)(o)((o))(oo))
  8!: (ooooooo(o)(o)((o))(oo))
The number of leaves is the number of o's, which are (1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 12, ...), as required.

Cf. A000081, A001222, A056239, A324922, A324923, A324924.
Matula-Goebel numbers: A007097, A061775, A109082, A109129, A196050, A317713.
Factorial numbers: A000142, A011371, A022559, A071626, A076934, A115627, A325272, A325273, A325276, A325508, A325544.

mglv[n_]:=If[n==1,1,Total[Cases[FactorInteger[n],{p_,k_}:>mglv[PrimePi[p]]*k]]];
Table[mglv[n!],{n,0,100}]

For n > 1, a(n) = - 1 + Sum_{k = 1..n} A109129(k).

A358725 Matula-Goebel numbers of rooted trees with a greater number of internal (non-leaf) vertices than edge-height.

Original entry on oeis.org

9, 15, 18, 21, 23, 25, 27, 30, 33, 35, 36, 39, 42, 45, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51, 54, 55, 57, 60, 61, 63, 65, 66, 69, 70, 72, 73, 75, 77, 78, 81, 83, 84, 85, 87, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 97, 98, 99, 100, 102, 103, 105, 108, 110, 111, 113, 114, 115, 117, 119, 120, 121

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Nov 29 2022

nonn

Edge-height (A109082) is the number of edges in the longest path from root to leaf.

The Matula-Goebel number of a rooted tree is the product of primes indexed by the Matula-Goebel numbers of the branches of its root, which gives a bijective correspondence between positive integers and unlabeled rooted trees.

			The terms together with their corresponding trees begin:
   9: ((o)(o))
  15: ((o)((o)))
  18: (o(o)(o))
  21: ((o)(oo))
  23: (((o)(o)))
  25: (((o))((o)))
  27: ((o)(o)(o))
  30: (o(o)((o)))
  33: ((o)(((o))))
  35: (((o))(oo))
  36: (oo(o)(o))
  39: ((o)(o(o)))
  42: (o(o)(oo))
  45: ((o)(o)((o)))
  46: (o((o)(o)))
  47: (((o)((o))))
  49: ((oo)(oo))
  50: (o((o))((o)))

Gus Wiseman, The first 64 ordered trees with a greater number of internal vertices than edge-height.

Complement of A209638 (the case of equality).
These trees are counted by A316321.
Positions of positive terms in A358724.
The case of equality for node-height is A358576.
A000081 counts rooted trees, ordered A000108.
A034781 counts rooted trees by nodes and height, ordered A080936
A055277 counts rooted trees by nodes and leaves, ordered A001263.
Differences: A358580, A358724, A358726, A358729.
MG statistics: A061775, A109082, A109129, A196050, A342507, A358552.
MG core: A000040, A000720, A001222, A007097, A056239, A112798.
Cf. A185650, A206487, A358577, A358578, A358581-A358586, A358587, A358592, A358730.

MGTree[n_]:=If[n==1,{},MGTree/@Flatten[Cases[FactorInteger[n],{p_,k_}:>Table[PrimePi[p],{k}]]]];
Select[Range[100],Count[MGTree[#],[_],{0,Infinity}]>Depth[MGTree[#]]-2&]

A342507(a(n)) > A109082(a(n)).

A358730 Positions of first appearances in A358729 (number of nodes minus node-height).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 8, 16, 27, 54, 81, 162, 243, 486, 729, 1458, 2187, 4374, 6561, 13122, 19683, 39366, 59049

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Dec 01 2022

First differs from A334198 in having 13122 instead of 12005.
Node-height is the number of nodes in the longest path from root to leaf.
After initial terms, this appears to become A038754.

			The terms together with their corresponding rooted trees begin:
      1: o
      4: (oo)
      8: (ooo)
     16: (oooo)
     27: ((o)(o)(o))
     54: (o(o)(o)(o))
     81: ((o)(o)(o)(o))
    162: (o(o)(o)(o)(o))
    243: ((o)(o)(o)(o)(o))
    486: (o(o)(o)(o)(o)(o))
    729: ((o)(o)(o)(o)(o)(o))

Positions of first appearances in A358729.
A000081 counts rooted trees, ordered A000108.
A034781 counts rooted trees by nodes and height.
A055277 counts rooted trees by nodes and leaves.
MG differences: A358580, A358724, A358726, A358729.
MG statistics: A061775, A109082, A109129, A196050, A342507, A358552.
MG core: A000040, A000720, A001222, A007097, A056239, A112798.
Cf. A080936, A206487, A209638, A316321, A358576, A358577, A358592, A358725, A358731.

MGTree[n_]:=If[n==1,{},MGTree/@Flatten[Cases[FactorInteger[n],{p_,k_}:>Table[PrimePi[p],{k}]]]];
rd=Table[Count[MGTree[n],_,{0,Infinity}]-(Depth[MGTree[n]]-1),{n,10000}];
Table[Position[rd,k][[1,1]],{k,Union[rd]}]

A318046 a(n) is the number of initial subtrees (subtrees emanating from the root) of the unlabeled rooted tree with Matula-Goebel number n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 2, 4, 3, 3, 2, 5, 4, 5, 3, 4, 3, 7, 2, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 3, 10, 4, 9, 3, 5, 7, 6, 2, 9, 4, 7, 5, 4, 3, 7, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 13, 6, 8, 3, 5, 10, 7, 4, 3, 9, 13, 3, 5, 5, 5, 7, 6, 6, 9, 2, 10, 9, 4, 4, 11, 7, 5, 5, 6, 4, 19, 3, 9, 7, 6, 4, 17, 5, 7, 5

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Aug 13 2018

nonn

We require that an initial subtree contain either all or none of the branchings under any given node.

			70 is the Matula-Goebel number of the tree (o((o))(oo)), which has 7 distinct initial subtrees: {o, (ooo), (oo(oo)), (o(o)o), (o(o)(oo)), (o((o))o), (o((o))(oo))}. So a(70) = 7.

Index entries for sequences related to Matula-Goebel numbers

Cf. A000081, A007097, A007853, A049076, A061773, A061775, A076146, A109082, A109129, A206491, A303431, A316476, A317713.

si[n_]:=If[n==1,1,1+Product[si[PrimePi[b[[1]]]]^b[[2]],{b,FactorInteger[n]}]];
Array[si,100]

a(1) = 1 and if n > 1 has prime factorization n = prime(x_1)^y_1 * ... * prime(x_k)^y_k then a(n) = 1 + a(x_1)^y_1 * ... * a(x_k)^y_k.

A322027 Maximum order of primeness among the prime factors of n; a(1) = 0.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 1, 1, 3, 1, 2, 2, 1, 3, 2, 4, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3, 5, 1, 4, 2, 3, 2, 1, 1, 2, 3, 2, 2, 1, 4, 3, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 1, 2, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 3, 1, 5, 2, 1, 3, 4, 2, 2, 2, 3, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3, 1, 4, 2, 1, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 1, 2

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Nov 24 2018

nonn

The order of primeness (A078442) of a prime number p is the number of times one must apply A000720 to obtain a nonprime number.

			a(105) = 3 because the prime factor of 105 = 3*5*7 with maximum order of primeness is 5, with order 3.

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..65536
N. Fernandez, An order of primeness, F(p)
N. Fernandez, An order of primeness [cached copy, included at A006450 with permission of the author]

Cf. A000720, A006450, A007097, A007821, A049076, A076610, A078442, A109082, A114537, A184155, A276625, A279065, A322028, A322030.

with(numtheory):
p:= proc(n) option remember;
      `if`(isprime(n), 1+p(pi(n)), 0)
    end:
a:= n-> max(0, map(p, factorset(n))):
seq(a(n), n=1..120);  # Alois P. Heinz, Nov 24 2018

Table[If[n==1,0,Max@@(Length[NestWhileList[PrimePi,PrimePi[#],PrimeQ]]&/@FactorInteger[n][[All,1]])],{n,100}]

A325544 Number of nodes in the rooted tree with Matula-Goebel number n!.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 22, 26, 30, 34, 38, 42, 47, 51, 55, 60, 64, 69, 74, 79, 84, 89, 95, 100, 106, 111, 116, 122, 127, 132, 138, 143, 149, 155, 160, 165, 171, 177, 182, 188, 193, 199, 206, 212, 218, 224, 230, 237, 243, 249, 254, 261, 268, 274, 280

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, May 09 2019

nonn

Also one plus the number of factors in the factorization of n! into factors q(i) = prime(i)/i. For example, the q-factorization of 7! is 7! = q(1)^9 * q(2)^3 * q(3) * q(4), with 14 = a(7) - 1 factors.

			Matula-Goebel trees of the first 9 factorial number are:
  0!: o
  1!: o
  2!: (o)
  3!: (o(o))
  4!: (ooo(o))
  5!: (ooo(o)((o)))
  6!: (oooo(o)(o)((o)))
  7!: (oooo(o)(o)((o))(oo))
  8!: (ooooooo(o)(o)((o))(oo))
The number of nodes is the number of o's plus the number of brackets, giving {1,1,2,4,6,9,12,15,18}, as required.

Cf. A000081, A001222, A056239, A324922, A324923, A324924.
Matula-Goebel numbers: A007097, A061775, A109082, A109129, A196050, A317713.
Factorial numbers: A000142, A011371, A022559, A071626, A076934, A115627, A325272, A325273, A325276, A325508, A325543.

mgwt[n_]:=If[n==1,1,1+Total[Cases[FactorInteger[n],{p_,k_}:>mgwt[PrimePi[p]]*k]]];
Table[mgwt[n!],{n,0,100}]

For n > 1, a(n) = 1 - n + Sum_{k = 1..n} A061775(k).

A325613 Full q-signature of n. Irregular triangle read by rows where T(n,k) is the multiplicity of q(k) in the q-factorization of n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 0, 1, 3, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 4, 2, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 3, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 4, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 1, 0, 0

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, May 12 2019

Every positive integer has a unique q-factorization (encoded by A324924) into factors q(i) = prime(i)/i, i > 0. For example:
   11 = q(1) q(2) q(3) q(5)
   50 = q(1)^3 q(2)^2 q(3)^2
  360 = q(1)^6 q(2)^3 q(3)
Also the number of terminal subtrees with Matula-Goebel number k of the rooted tree with Matula-Goebel number n.

			Triangle begins:
  {}
  1
  1 1
  2
  1 1 1
  2 1
  2 0 0 1
  3
  2 2
  2 1 1
  1 1 1 0 1
  3 1
  2 1 0 0 0 1
  3 0 0 1
  2 2 1
  4
  2 0 0 1 0 0 1
  3 2
  3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
  3 1 1

Row lengths are A061395.
Row sums are A196050.
Row-maxima are A109129.
The number whose full prime signature is the n-th row is A324922(n).
Cf. A067255.
Matula-Goebel numbers: A007097, A061775, A109082, A317713.
q-factorization: A324923, A324924, A325613, A325614, A325615, A325660.

difac[n_]:=If[n==1,{},With[{i=PrimePi[FactorInteger[n][[1,1]]]},Sort[Prepend[difac[n*i/Prime[i]],i]]]];
qsig[n_]:=If[n==1,{},With[{ms=difac[n]},Table[Count[ms,i],{i,Max@@ms}]]];
Table[qsig[n],{n,30}]

A357139 Take the weakly increasing prime indices of each prime index of n, then concatenate.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 3, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 2, 5, 1, 3, 4, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 6, 1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 3, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Sep 29 2022

A prime index of n is a number m such that prime(m) divides n. The multiset of prime indices of n is row n of A112798.

			Triangle begins:
   1:
   2:
   3:  1
   4:
   5:  2
   6:  1
   7:  1 1
   8:
   9:  1 1
  10:  2
  11:  3
  12:  1
  13:  1 2
For example, the weakly increasing prime indices of 105 are (2,3,4), with prime indices ((1),(2),(1,1)), so row 105 is (1,2,1,1).

Row lengths are A302242.
Positions of strict rows are A302505.
Positions of constant rows are A302593.
Row sums are A325033, products A325032.
The version for standard compositions is A357135, rank A357134.
A000961 lists prime powers.
A003963 multiples prime indices.
A056239 adds up prime indices.
Cf. A000720, A001221, A001222, A007716, A058891, A109082, A275024, A302243, A324926, A325034.

primeMS[n_]:=If[n==1,{},Flatten[Cases[FactorInteger[n],{p_,k_}:>Table[PrimePi[p],{k}]]]];
Join@@Table[Join@@primeMS/@primeMS[n],{n,100}]

cp's OEIS Frontend

A358726 Difference between the node-height and the number of leaves in the rooted tree with Matula-Goebel number n.

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A324928 Matula-Goebel numbers of rooted trees of depth 3.

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A325543 Width (number of leaves) of the rooted tree with Matula-Goebel number n!.

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A358725 Matula-Goebel numbers of rooted trees with a greater number of internal (non-leaf) vertices than edge-height.

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A358730 Positions of first appearances in A358729 (number of nodes minus node-height).

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A318046 a(n) is the number of initial subtrees (subtrees emanating from the root) of the unlabeled rooted tree with Matula-Goebel number n.

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A322027 Maximum order of primeness among the prime factors of n; a(1) = 0.

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A325544 Number of nodes in the rooted tree with Matula-Goebel number n!.

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