A294099 -id:A294099 - cp's OEIS frontend

A299101 Indices of (probable) primes in A030221.

2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 15, 18, 23, 53, 114, 194, 564, 575, 585, 2594, 3143, 4578, 4970, 9261, 11508, 13298, 30018, 54993, 198476

Offset: 1

L. Edson Jeffery, Bob Selcoe and Andrew Hone, Feb 02 2018

From a problem in A269254. For detailed theory, see [Hone].

a(25) > 2*10^5. - Robert Price, Jul 03 2020

Andrew N. W. Hone, et al., On a family of sequences related to Chebyshev polynomials, arXiv:1802.01793 [math.NT], 2018.

Cf. A269254, A030221, A294099 (row 5).

Cf. A285992, A299107, A299109, A088165, A117522, A299100, A299101, A113501, A269253, A298675, A298677, A298878, A299045, A299071.

-1 + Position[Nest[Append[#, 5 #[[-1]] - #[[-2]] ] &, {1, 6}, 2600], ?PrimeQ][[All, 1]] (* _Michael De Vlieger, Jul 03 2020 *)

A299109(n) = A030221(a(n)). - R. J. Mathar, Jul 22 2022

a(24) from Robert Price, Jul 03 2020

A299107 Probable primes in sequence {s_k(4)}, where s_k(4) = 4*s_{k-1}(4) - s_{k-2}(4), k >= 2, s_0(4) = 1, s_1(4) = 5.

Original entry on oeis.org

5, 19, 71, 3691, 191861, 138907099, 26947261171, 436315574686414344004975231616076636245689199862837798457639364993981991744926792179

Offset: 1

L. Edson Jeffery, Bob Selcoe and Andrew Hone, Feb 02 2018

From a problem in A269254. For detailed theory, see [Hone].

Subsequent terms have too many digits to display.

Hugo Pfoertner, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..14
Gary Greaves and Jose Yip, The coherent rank of a graph with three eigenvalues, arXiv:2406.17395 [math.CO], 2024. See p. 31.
Andrew N. W. Hone, et al., On a family of sequences related to Chebyshev polynomials, arXiv:1802.01793 [math.NT], 2018.

A269254, A001834, A294099 (row 4),

Cf. A285992, A299107, A299109, A088165, A117522, A299100, A299101, A113501, A269253, A298675, A298677, A298878, A299045, A299071, A086386.

a(n) = s_{A299100(n)}(4) = A001834(A299100(n)).

A298878 Union_{p prime, n >= 0} {T_p(n)}, where T_m(x) = x*T_{m-1}(x) - T_{m-2}(x), m >= 2, T_0(x) = 2, T_1(x) = x (dilated Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind).

Original entry on oeis.org

-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 7, 14, 18, 23, 34, 47, 52, 62, 79, 98, 110, 119, 123, 142, 167, 194, 198, 223, 254, 287, 322, 359, 398, 439, 482, 488, 527, 574, 623, 674, 702, 724, 727, 782, 839, 843, 898, 959, 970, 1022, 1087, 1154, 1223, 1294, 1298, 1367, 1442, 1519, 1598

Offset: 1

L. Edson Jeffery, Bob Selcoe and Andrew Hone, Jan 27 2018

sign

From a problem in A269254. For detailed theory, see [Hone].

Andrew N. W. Hone, et al., On a family of sequences related to Chebyshev polynomials, arXiv:1802.01793 [math.NT], 2018.

Cf. A008865 (T_2(n)), A299071.

Cf. A285992, A299107, A299109, A088165, A117522, A299100, A299101, A113501, A269253, A269254, A294099, A298675, A298677, A299045, A299071.

A267482 Triangle of coefficients of Gaussian polynomials [2n+1,1]_q represented as finite sum of terms (1+q^2)^k*q^(g-k), where k = 0,1,...,g with g=n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -2, 1, 1, 1, -2, -3, 1, 1, 1, 3, -3, -4, 1, 1, -1, 3, 6, -4, -5, 1, 1, -1, -4, 6, 10, -5, -6, 1, 1, 1, -4, -10, 10, 15, -6, -7, 1, 1, 1, 5, -10, -20, 15, 21, -7, -8, 1, 1

Offset: 0

Stephen O'Sullivan, Jan 15 2016

The entry a(n,k), n >= 0, k = 0,1,...,g, where g=n, of this irregular triangle is the coefficient of (1+q^2)^k*q^(g-k) in the representation of the Gaussian polynomial [2n+1,1]q = Sum{k=0..g) a(n,k)*(1+q^2)^k*q^(g-k).
The sequence arises in the formal derivation of the stability polynomial B(x) = Sum_{i=0..N} d_i T(iM,x) of rank N, and degree L, where T(iM,x) denotes the Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind of degree iM. The coefficients d_i are determined by order conditions on the stability polynomial.
Conjecture: More generally, the Gaussian polynomial [2*n+m+1-(m mod 2),m]q = Sum{k=0..g(m;n)} a(m;n,k)*(1+q^2)^k*q^(g(m;n)-k), for m >= 0, n >= 0, where g(m;n) = m*n if m is odd and (2*n+1)*m/2 if m is even, and the tabf array entries a(m;n,k) are the coefficients of the g.f. for the row n polynomials G(m;n,x) = (d^m/dt^m)G(m;n,t,x)/m!|{t=0}, with G(m;n,t,x) = (1+t)*Product{k=1..n+(m - m (mod 2))/2}(1 + t^2 + 2*t*T(k,x/2) (Chebyshev's T-polynomials). Hence a(m;n,k) = [x^k]G(m;n,x), for k=0..g(m;n). The present entry is the instance m = 2. (Thanks to Wolfdieter Lang for clarifying the text on the general prescription of a(m;n,k).)
Signed version of A046854, A130777.
Conjecture: row n is U(n, x/2) + U(n-1, x/2) where U is the sequence of Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind. - Thomas Baruchel, Jun 03 2018 [For a proof see the following comment.]
From Wolfdieter Lang, Oct 19 2019: (Start)
The row polynomial R(n, x) = Sum_{k=0..n} a(n, k)*x^k = [2*n+1]_q / q^n with the q-number [2*n+1]_q := (1 - q^n)/(1 - q), which for q = 1 becomes 2*n+1, and x = x(q) = q + q^(-1). See the simplified Name and the first comment. In terms of Chebyshev S polynomials (A049310) this q-number is written as [2*n+1]_q = q^n*S(2*n, q^(1/2) + q^(-1/2)), hence R(n, x) = S(2*n, sqrt(2+x)) = S(n, x) + S(n-1, x) (which proves the conjecture of the previous comment).
For the o.g.f. of R(n, x) see the formula section.
My motivation for looking at this sequence came from the Brändli and Beyne paper's recurrence for the polynomial P_m(s) which coincides with R(n, x), with m -> n and s -> x. (End)
A294099(n, k) = Sum_{j=0..k} n^j * T(n, j) for all n, k in Z. - Michael Somos, Jun 19 2023

			Triangle begins:
   1;
   1,   1;
  -1,   1,   1;
  -1,  -2,   1,   1;
   1,  -2,  -3,   1,   1;
   1,   3,  -3,  -4,   1,   1;
  -1,   3,   6,  -4,  -5,   1,   1;
  -1,  -4,   6,  10,  -5,  -6,   1,   1;
   1,  -4, -10,  10,  15,  -6,  -7,   1,   1;
   1,   5, -10, -20,  15,  21,  -7,  -8,   1,   1;

Stephen O'Sullivan, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..495
Gerold Brändli and Tim Beyne, Modified Congruence Modulo n with Half the Amount of Residues, arXiv:1504.02757 [math.NT], 2016-2017. Definition 6.for polynomials P_m(s).
Stephen O'Sullivan, A class of high-order Runge-Kutta-Chebyshev stability polynomials, Journal of Computational Physics, 300 (2015), 665-678.
Wikipedia, Gaussian binomial coefficients.
Index entries for sequences related to Chebyshev polynomials.

Cf. A049310, A267120, A267483, A267484, A267485, A267486, A294099.

Cf. A046854, A066170, A130777, A187660 all signed versions.

A267482 := proc (n, k) local y: y := expand(subs(t = 0, diff((1+t)*product(1+t^2+2*t*ChebyshevT(i, x/2), i = 1 .. n),t))): if k = 0 then subs(x = 0, y) else subs(x = 0, diff(y, x$k)/k!) end if: end proc: seq(seq(A267482(n, k), k = 0 .. n), n = 0 .. 20);

row[n_] := D[(1+t)*Product[1+t^2+2*t*ChebyshevT[i, x/2], {i, 1, n}], t] /. t -> 0 // CoefficientList[#, x]&; Table[row[n], {n, 0, 20}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Jan 16 2016 *)

T(n,k) = (-1)^((n-k)\2)*binomial((n+k)\2, k); \\François Marques, Sep 28 2021

G.f. for row polynomial: G(n,x) = (d^2/dt^2)((1+t)*Product_{i=1..n+1}(1+t^2+2t*T(i,x/2)))|_{t=0}.
From Wolfdieter Lang, Oct 19 2019: (Start)
Row polynomial R(n, x) = S(2*n, sqrt(2+x)) = S(n, x) + S(n-1, x) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^k*binomial(2*n-k, k)*(2 + x)^(n-k), for n >= 0. (See the Thomas Baruchel conjecture and the proof above.) For the S(n, x) coefficients see A049310.
R(n, x) = Sum_{j=0} (-1)^e(n,j)*binomial(e(n,j) + j, j)*x^j*, with e(n,j) := floor((n-j)/2). See eq. (12) of the Brändli and Beyne paper.
G.f. for row polynomials R(n, x) (that is of the triangle): G(x,z) = (1 + z)/(1 - x*z + z^2).
Recurrence for R(n, x): R(-1, x)  = -1, R(0, x) = 1, R(n, x) = x*R(n-1, x) - R(n-2, x), for n >= 1. (See the Brändli and Beyne link, polynomials P_m(s) in Definition 6.)
(End)
T(n,k) = (-1)^(floor((n-k)/2))*binomial(floor((n+k)/2), k). - François Marques, Sep 28 2021

A269251 a(n) = smallest prime in the sequence s(k) = n*s(k-1) - s(k-2), with s(0) = 1, s(1) = n - 1 (or a(n) = -1 if no such prime exists).

Original entry on oeis.org

-1, -1, 2, 3, 19, 5, 41, 7, 71, 89, 109, 11, 2003, 13, 3121, 239, 271, 17, 729962708557509701, 19, 419, 461, 11593, 23, 599, 11356201, 701, 11546481261621528160662473705515857458665002781273993, 811, 29, 929

Offset: 1

Arkadiusz Wesolowski, Jul 09 2016

sign

For n >= 2, smallest prime of the form (x^y + 1/x^y)/(x + 1/x), where x = (sqrt(n+2) +- sqrt(n-2))/2 and y is an odd positive integer, or -1 if no such prime exists.
If a(34) > 0 then a(34) > 10^1000. - Robert Israel, Feb 06 2018
For detailed theory, see [Hone]. - L. Edson Jeffery, Feb 09 2018
Values of n where a(n) might need more than 1000 digits: 34, 52, 123, 254, 275, 285, 322, 371, 401, 413, 437, 460, 508, 518, 535, 540, 629, 643, 653, 691, 723, 724, 753, 797, 837, 843, 876, 881, 898, 913, 960, 970, 981, 986, 987, ... - Jean-François Alcover, Mar 01 2018

C. K. Caldwell, Top Twenty page, Lehmer number
Andrew N. W. Hone, et al., On a family of sequences related to Chebyshev polynomials, arXiv:1802.01793 [math.NT], 2018.
Wikipedia, Lehmer number

Cf. A269252, A269253, A269254.

Cf. A294099, A298675, A298677, A298878, A299045, A299071, A285992, A299107, A299109, A088165, A117522, A299100, A299101, A113501.

lst:=[]; for n in [1..31] do if n le 2 then Append(~lst, 0); else a:=1; c:=1; repeat b:=n*a-c; c:=a; a:=b; until IsPrime(a); Append(~lst, a); end if; end for; lst;

f:= proc(n) local a,b,t;
a:= 1; b:= n-1;
do
  if isprime(b) then return b fi;
  t:= n*b-a;
  a:= b;
  b:= t;
od
end proc:
f(1):= -1: f(2):= -1:
map(f, [$1..33]); # Robert Israel, Feb 06 2018

max = 10^1000; a[1] = a[2] = -1; a[n_] := Module[{s}, s[0] = 1; s[1] = n-1; s[k_] := s[k] = n s[k-1] - s[k-2]; For[k = 1, s[k] <= max, k++, If[PrimeQ[s[k]], Return[s[k]]]]] /. Null -> -1; Table[a[n], {n, 1, 33}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Mar 01 2018 *)

If n is prime then a(n+1) = n.

Changed the value for the exceptional case from 0 to -1 for consistency with other sequences. - N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 19 2018

A269252 Define a sequence by s(k) = n*s(k-1) - s(k-2), with s(0) = 1, s(1) = n - 1. a(n) is the smallest index k such that s(k) is prime, or -1 if no such k exists.

Original entry on oeis.org

-1, -1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 3, 1, 3, 2, 2, 1, 14, 1, 2, 2, 3, 1, 2, 5, 2, 36, 2, 1, 2, 1, 15, -1, 6, 2, 3, 1, 2, 2, 6, 1, 3, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, -1, 3, 1, 2, 2, 2, 6, 3, 1, 2, 1, 30, 3, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 5, 2, 1, 5, 1, 6, 3, 2, 6, 3, 1, 8, 6, 14, 1, 3

Offset: 1

Arkadiusz Wesolowski, Jul 09 2016

sign

For n >= 2, positive integer k yielding the smallest prime of the form (x^y + 1/x^y)/(x + 1/x), where x = (sqrt(n+2) +/- sqrt(n-2))/2 and y = 2*k + 1, or -1 if no such k exists.
Every positive term belongs to A005097.
For detailed theory, see [Hone]. - L. Edson Jeffery, Feb 09 2018

			Let b(k) be the recursive sequence defined by the initial conditions b(0) = 1, b(1) = 10, and the recursive equation b(k) = 11*b(k-1) - b(k-2). a(11) = 2 because b(2) = 109 is the smallest prime in b(k).
Let c(k) be the recursive sequence defined by the initial conditions c(0) = 1, c(1) = 12, and the recursive equation c(k) = 13*c(k-1) - c(k-2). a(13) = 3 because c(3) = 2003 is the smallest prime in c(k).

C. K. Caldwell, Top Twenty page, Lehmer number
Andrew N. W. Hone, et al., On a family of sequences related to Chebyshev polynomials, arXiv:1802.01793 [math.NT], 2018.
Wikipedia, Lehmer number

Cf. A005097, A269251, A269253, A269254, A299045 (array used to compute this sequence).

Cf. A294099, A298675, A298677, A298878, A299071, A285992, A299107, A299109, A088165, A117522, A299100, A299101, A113501.

lst:=[]; for n in [1..85] do if n in [1, 2, 34, 52] then Append(~lst, -1); else a:=1; c:=1; t:=0; repeat b:=n*a-c; c:=a; a:=b; t+:=1; until IsPrime(a); Append(~lst, t); end if; end for; lst;

s[k_, m_] := s[k, m] = Which[k == 0, 1, k == 1, 1 + m, True, m s[k - 1, m] - s[k - 2, m]]; Table[SelectFirst[Range[120], PrimeQ@ Abs@ s[#, -n] &] /. k_ /; MissingQ@ k -> -1, {n, 85}] (* Michael De Vlieger, Feb 03 2018 *)

If n is prime then a(n+1) = 1.

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A299101 Indices of (probable) primes in A030221.

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A299107 Probable primes in sequence {s_k(4)}, where s_k(4) = 4*s_{k-1}(4) - s_{k-2}(4), k >= 2, s_0(4) = 1, s_1(4) = 5.

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A298878 Union_{p prime, n >= 0} {T_p(n)}, where T_m(x) = x*T_{m-1}(x) - T_{m-2}(x), m >= 2, T_0(x) = 2, T_1(x) = x (dilated Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind).

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A267482 Triangle of coefficients of Gaussian polynomials [2n+1,1]_q represented as finite sum of terms (1+q^2)^k*q^(g-k), where k = 0,1,...,g with g=n.

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A269251 a(n) = smallest prime in the sequence s(k) = n*s(k-1) - s(k-2), with s(0) = 1, s(1) = n - 1 (or a(n) = -1 if no such prime exists).

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A269252 Define a sequence by s(k) = n*s(k-1) - s(k-2), with s(0) = 1, s(1) = n - 1. a(n) is the smallest index k such that s(k) is prime, or -1 if no such k exists.

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