cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

Showing 1-3 of 3 results.

A000030 Initial digit of n.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1
Offset: 0

Views

Author

N. J. A. Sloane, Simon Plouffe

Keywords

Comments

When n - a(n)*10^[log_10 n] >= 10^[(log_10 n) - 1], where [] denotes floor, or when n < 100 and 10|n, n is the concatenation of a(n) and A217657(n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Oct 10 2012, improved by M. F. Hasler, Nov 17 2018, and corrected by Glen Whitney, Jul 01 2022
Equivalent definition: The initial a(0) = 0 is followed by each digit in S = {1,...,9} once. Thereafter, repeat 10 times each digit in S. Then, repeat 100 times each digit in S, etc.

Examples

			23 begins with a 2, so a(23) = 2.

References

  • N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A010879 (final digit of n).
Cf. A061681, A130571, A109453, A134010, A052038.
Cf. A002993, A089951, A002994, A143464, A098174, A098175, A072543, A072544, A073600, A073601, A037904. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 17 2008

Programs

  • Haskell
    a000030 = until (< 10) (`div` 10) -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 20 2012, Feb 11 2011
  • Magma
    [Intseq(n)[#Intseq(n)]: n in [1..100]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Nov 17 2018
  • Maple
    A000030 := proc(n)
    if n = 0 then
        0;
    else
        convert(n,base,10) ;
        %[-1] ;
    end if;
end proc:
seq(A000030(n),n=0..200) ;# N. J. A. Sloane, Feb 10 2017
  • Mathematica
    Join[{0},First[IntegerDigits[#]]&/@Range[90]] (* Harvey P. Dale, Mar 01 2011 *)
Table[Floor[n/10^(Floor[Log10[n]])], {n, 1, 50}] (* G. C. Greubel, May 16 2017 *)
Table[NumberDigit[n,IntegerLength[n]-1],{n,0,100}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Aug 29 2021 *)
  • PARI
    a(n)=if(n<10,n,a(n\10)) \\ Mainly for illustration.
  • PARI
    A000030(n)=n\10^logint(n+!n,10) \\ Twice as fast as a(n)=digits(n)[1]. Before digits() was added in PARI v.2.6.0 (2013), one could use, e.g., Vecsmall(Str(n))[1]-48. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 17 2018
  • Python
    def a(n): return int(str(n)[0])
print([a(n) for n in range(85)]) # Michael S. Branicky, Jul 01 2022

Formula

a(n) = [n / 10^([log_10(n)])] where [] denotes floor and log_10(n) is the logarithm is base 10. - Dan Fux (dan.fux(AT)OpenGaia.com or danfux(AT)OpenGaia.com), Apr 07 2001
a(n) = k for k*10^j <= n < (k+1)*10^j for some j. - M. F. Hasler, Mar 23 2015

A239016 Numbers not larger than any rotation of their digits.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 66, 67, 68, 69, 77, 78, 79, 88, 89, 99, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 132
Offset: 1

Views

Author

M. F. Hasler, Mar 08 2014

Keywords

Comments

The numbers with nonincreasing digits, A009994, form a subsequence which first differs at a(73)=132 (not in A009994) from this one.
This sequence is a subsequence of A072544: numbers whose smallest decimal digit is also the initial digit. A072544(65)=121 is the first such number not in this sequence.
This criterion involving "rotation" is part of the characterization of Lyndon words, see e.g. A102659, A102660, A210584, A210585. All of these are subsequences of this sequence. For example, A102659 = A213969 intersect A239016.

Examples

			The number 10 is excluded from this sequence because its "rotation" 01 is smaller than the number itself.
The same is the case for any number whose first digit is not the smallest one: rotating a smaller digit to the front will always yield a smaller number, independently of the other digits. For this reason, all terms must be in A072544.
a(73)=132 is in the sequence because the nontrivial rotations of its digits are 321 and 213, both larger than 132.

Programs

  • PARI
    is_A239016(n)=vecsort(d=digits(n))==d||!for(i=1,#d-1,n>[1,10^(#d-i)]*divrem(n,10^i)&&return)
  • Python
    def ok(n):
    s = str(n)
    if "".join(sorted(s)) == s: return True
    return all(n <= int(s[i:] + s[:i]) for i in range(1, len(s)))
print(list(filter(ok, range(133)))) # Michael S. Branicky, Aug 21 2021

A072543 Numbers whose largest decimal digit is also the initial digit.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 20, 21, 22, 30, 31, 32, 33, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 110, 111, 200, 201
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 04 2002

Keywords

Comments

A054055(a(n)) = A000030(a(n));
the sequence differs from A009996, A032873 and A032907: a(66)=101 is not in A009996, a(67)=110 is not in A032873 and a(65)=100 is not in A032907.

Examples

			a(10^ 1) = 9
a(10^ 2) = 411
a(10^ 3) = 6216
a(10^ 4) = 73474
a(10^ 5) = 813826
a(10^ 6) = 8512170
a(10^ 7) = 88368780
a(10^ 8) = 911960211
a(10^ 9) = 9237655227
a(10^10) = 93323313303

Links

Crossrefs

Cf. A072544.

Programs

  • Haskell
    a072543 n = a072543_list !! (n-1)
a072543_list = [x | x <- [0..], a054055 x == a000030 x]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 25 2012
  • Maple
    for i from 1 to 10 do A[i]:= i-1 od:
count:= 10:
for i from 1 to 9 do P[i]:= [seq([j],j=0..i)]; od:
for d from 2 to 4 do
  for x from 1 to 9 do
    for p in P[x] do
      count:= count+1;
      A[count]:= add(p[k]*10^(k-1),k=1..d-1) + x*10^(d-1);
    od:
    P[x]:= [seq(seq([op(v),t], v=P[x]),t=0..x)];
  od
od:
seq(A[i],i=1..count); # Robert Israel, Feb 01 2015
  • Mathematica
    Select[Range[0,250],Max[IntegerDigits[#]]==First[IntegerDigits[#]]&] (* Harvey P. Dale, Apr 28 2016 *)
  • PARI
    is(n)=n=digits(n); !#n || n[1]==vecmax(n) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 02 2014
  • PARI
    a(n)={d = 0; r = 1; s = 0; i = 0; if(n == 1, 0, n-=2; while(n > sum(i=0, 9,(i+1)^d), n-=sum(i=0, 9, (i+1)^d); n++; d++); while(n >= (r+1)^d, n -= (r+1)^d; r++);s = r * 10^d; while(n, s += 10^i*(n%(r+1)); n \= (r+1); i++));s } \\ David A. Corneth, Jan 31 2015

Extensions

Offset corrected by Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 25 2012
Showing 1-3 of 3 results.

Started in 1964 by Neil J. A. Sloane | Maintained by The OEIS Foundation Inc.

Content is available under The OEIS End-User License Agreement.