A336601 -id:A336601 - cp's OEIS frontend

A087547 a(n) = n!2^(n+1) (Integral_{x = 0..1} 1/(1+x^2)^(n+1) dx) - Pi(2n)!/(2^(n+1)*n!).

0, 1, 4, 22, 160, 1464, 16224, 211632, 3179520, 54092160, 1028113920, 21594021120, 496702402560, 12418039065600, 335293281792000, 9723592350259200, 301432670532403200, 9947299050359193600, 348155822449999872000, 12881771833023700992000, 502389223133024747520000

Offset: 0

Al Hakanson (hawkuu(AT)excite.com), Oct 24 2003

a(n)/A001147 gives an approximation for Pi/2 with (n-1)/3 + 1 digits of accuracy. - Aaron Kastel, Nov 13 2012

a(n) is the number of linear chord diagrams on 2n vertices with one marked chord such that none of the remaining n-1 chords are excluded by (i.e., are outside and do not contain) the marked chord, see [Young]. - Donovan Young, Aug 11 2020

			a(3) = 22.

Seiichi Manyama, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..404
Richard P. Brent, Hideyuki Ohtsuka, Judy-anne H. Osborn, and Helmut Prodinger, Some binomial sums involving absolute values, arXiv:1411.1477 [math.CO], 2014 (see page 15).
Sela Fried and Toufik Mansour, Graph labelings obtainable by random walks, arXiv:2304.05728 [math.CO], 2023.
Sela Fried and Toufik Mansour, Further results on random walk labelings, arXiv:2305.09971 [math.CO], 2023.
Donovan Young, A critical quartet for queuing couples, arXiv:2007.13868 [math.CO], 2020.

Cf. A068102, A167571, A001147, A336601.

[0] cat [n eq 1 select 1 else (2*n-1)*Self(n-1)+Factorial(n-1): n in [1..25]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Nov 07 2014

I:=[1,4]; [0] cat [n le 2 select I[n]  else (3*n-2)*Self(n-1)-(n-1)*(2*n-3)*Self(n-2): n in [1..25] ]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Feb 19 2015

f := proc(n) 4*n!*2^(n-1) * (int (1/(1+x^2)^(n+1),x=0..1)) - Pi*(2*n)!/(2^(n+1)*n!); end; # N. J. A. Sloane, Oct 30 2003

f[n_] := Simplify[n!*2^(n + 1)*(Integrate[ 1/(1 + x^2)^(n + 1), {x, 0, 1}]) - Pi(2n)!/(2^(n + 1)*n!)]; Table[ f[n], {n, 0, 20}] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Oct 31 2003 *)
CoefficientList[Normal[Series[1/Sqrt[1-2*x]*ArcTan[x/Sqrt[1-2*x]],{x,0,10}]]/.{x^n_.->x^n*n!},x] (* Donovan Young, Aug 11 2020 *)

a(n) = (2n-1)*a(n-1) + (n-1)!. - Aaron Kastel, Nov 13 2012
From Peter Bala, Jun 21 2013: (Start)
a(n) = (2*n)!/(n!*2^n)*(Sum_{k = 0..n-1} 2^k*k!^2/(2*k+1)!). Thus a(n)/ ((2*n)!/(n!*2^n)) -> Pi/2 as n -> infinity since Sum_{k >= 0} 2^k*k!^2/(2*k+1)! = Pi/2.
It appears that a(n) = Sum_{k = 1..n} 2^(k-1)*(k-1)!*(n+k-1)!/(2*k-1)!. Cf. A167571.
a(n) = (2*n)!/(n!*2^n)*(Pi/2) - 2^(n+1)*n!*(Integral_{x = 0..1} x^(2*n)/(1 + x^2)^(n+1) dx). Cf. A068102. (End)
From Peter Bala, Feb 18 2015: (Start)
Recurrence equation: a(n) = (3*n - 2)*a(n-1) - (n - 1)*(2*n - 3)*a(n-2) with a(1) = 1 and a(2) = 4.
The sequence b(n) = A001147(n), beginning [1, 3, 15, 105, 945, ... ], satisfies the same second-order recurrence equation. This leads to the generalized continued fraction expansion lim_{n -> infinity} a(n)/b(n) = Pi/2 = 1 + 1/(3 - 6/(7 - 15/(10 - ... - n*(2*n - 1)/((3*n + 1) - ... )))). (End)
E.g.f.: arctan(x/sqrt(1 - 2*x))/sqrt(1 - 2*x). - Donovan Young, Aug 11 2020
From Sela Fried, Apr 13 2023: (Start)
a(n) = (n - 1)!*Sum_{k=0..n - 1} binomial(2*n - 1, 2*k)/binomial(n - 1, k).
a(n)/(n-1)! = 1 + (2*n - 1)/2*Integral_{t = 0..Pi/2} (1 + sin(2*t))^(n - 1) - (1 - sin(2*t))^(n - 1)dt.
Bala's conjecture is true. (End)
a(n) ~ Pi * 2^(n - 1/2) * n^n / exp(n). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Apr 13 2023
a(n) = (n - 1)!/2 * Sum_{k=0..n - 1} binomial(2*n, 2*k + 1)/binomial(n - 1, k). - Sela Fried, May 18 2023

More terms from N. J. A. Sloane, Oct 30 2003

A336599 Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) is the number of linear chord diagrams on 2n vertices with one marked chord such that exactly k of the remaining n-1 chords are contained within the marked chord.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 5, 1, 33, 9, 3, 279, 87, 39, 15, 2895, 975, 495, 255, 105, 35685, 12645, 6885, 4005, 2205, 945, 509985, 187425, 106785, 66465, 41265, 23625, 10395, 8294895, 3133935, 1843695, 1198575, 795375, 513135, 301455, 135135, 151335135, 58437855, 35213535, 23601375, 16343775, 11263455, 7453215, 4459455, 2027025

Offset: 1

Donovan Young, Jul 29 2020

			Triangle begins:
     1;
     5,    1;
    33,    9,    3;
   279,   87,   39,  15;
  2895,  975,  495, 255, 105;
...
For n = 2 and k = 1, let the four vertices be {1,2,3,4}. The marked chord can only be (1,4) and it contains one other chord, namely (2,3), hence T(2,1) = 1.

Donovan Young, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..9870
Donovan Young, A critical quartet for queuing couples, arXiv:2007.13868 [math.CO], 2020.

Row sums are n*A001147(n) for n > 0.
Leading diagonal is A001147(n-1) for n > 0.
The first column is A129890(n-1) for n > 0.
The second column is A035101(n+1) for n > 0.
Cf. A336598, A336600, A336601.

CoefficientList[Normal[Series[(Sqrt[1-2*y*x]-Sqrt[1-2*x])/(1-2*x)/(1-y),{x,0,10}]]/.{x^n_.->x^n*n!},{x,y}]

E.g.f.: (sqrt(1 - 2*y*x) - sqrt(1 - 2*x))/(1 - 2*x)/(1 - y).

A336598 Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) is the number of linear chord diagrams on 2n vertices with one marked chord such that exactly k of the remaining n-1 chords cross the marked chord.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 2, 21, 18, 6, 144, 156, 96, 24, 1245, 1500, 1260, 600, 120, 13140, 16470, 16560, 11160, 4320, 720, 164745, 207270, 231210, 194040, 108360, 35280, 5040, 2399040, 2976120, 3507840, 3402000, 2419200, 1149120, 322560, 40320

Offset: 1

Donovan Young, Jul 29 2020

			Triangle begins:
     1;
     4,    2;
    21,   18,    6;
   144,  156,   96,  24;
  1245, 1500, 1260, 600, 120;
...
For n = 2 and k = 1, let the four vertices be {1,2,3,4}. The marked chord can be either (1,3), and so crossed once by (2,4), or (2,4), and so crossed once by (1,3). Hence T(2,1) = 2.

Donovan Young, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..9870 (Rows 1..140).
Donovan Young, A critical quartet for queuing couples, arXiv:2007.13868 [math.CO], 2020.

Row sums are n*A001147(n) for n > 0.
First column is A233481(n) for n > 0.
Leading diagonal is A000142(n) for n > 0.
Sub-leading diagonal is n*A000142(n) for n > 1.
Cf. A336599, A336600, A336601.

CoefficientList[Normal[Series[x/Sqrt[1-2*x]/(1-x(1+y)),{x,0,10}]]/.{x^n_.->x^n*n!},{x,y}]

T(n)={[Vecrev(p) | p<-Vec(serlaplace(x/sqrt(1 - 2*x + O(x^n))/(1 - x*(1 + y))))]}
{ my(A=T(8)); for(n=1, #A, print(A[n])) } \\ Andrew Howroyd, Jul 29 2020

T(n,k) = n*T(n-1,k) + n*T(n-1,k-1), with T(n,0) = A233481(n) for n > 0.

E.g.f.: x/sqrt(1 - 2*x)/(1 - x*(1 + y)).

A336600 Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) is the number of linear chord diagrams on 2n vertices with one marked chord such that exactly k of the remaining n-1 chords contain the marked chord.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 5, 1, 32, 11, 2, 260, 116, 38, 6, 2589, 1344, 594, 174, 24, 30669, 17529, 9294, 3774, 984, 120, 422232, 257487, 153852, 76782, 28272, 6600, 720, 6633360, 4234320, 2746260, 1576980, 726480, 242640, 51120, 5040, 117193185, 77358600, 53170380, 33718500, 18171360, 7693200, 2340720, 448560, 40320

Offset: 1

Donovan Young, Jul 30 2020

			Triangle begins:
     1;
     5,    1;
    32,   11,    2;
   260,  116,   38,   6;
  2589, 1344,  594, 174, 24;
...
For n = 2 and k = 1, let the four vertices be {1,2,3,4}. The marked chord can only be (2,3) and it is contained by one other chord, namely (1,4), hence T(2,1) = 1.

Donovan Young, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..9870
Donovan Young, A critical quartet for queuing couples, arXiv:2007.13868 [math.CO], 2020.

Row sums are n*A001147(n) for n > 0.
Leading diagonal is A000142(n-1) for n > 0.
Sub-leading diagonal is A001344(n-2) for n > 1.
Cf. A336598, A336599, A336601.

CoefficientList[Normal[Series[Log[(1-x*(1+y))/(1-2*x)]/(1-y)/Sqrt[1-2*x],{x,0,10}]]/.{x^n_.->x^n*n!},{x,y}]

E.g.f.: log((1 - x*(1 + y))/(1 - 2*x))/(1 - y)/sqrt(1 - 2*x).

cp's OEIS Frontend

A087547 a(n) = n!*2^(n+1) * (Integral_{x = 0..1} 1/(1+x^2)^(n+1) dx) - Pi*(2*n)!/(2^(n+1)*n!).

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A336599 Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) is the number of linear chord diagrams on 2n vertices with one marked chord such that exactly k of the remaining n-1 chords are contained within the marked chord.

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A336598 Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) is the number of linear chord diagrams on 2n vertices with one marked chord such that exactly k of the remaining n-1 chords cross the marked chord.

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A336600 Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) is the number of linear chord diagrams on 2n vertices with one marked chord such that exactly k of the remaining n-1 chords contain the marked chord.

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A087547 a(n) = n!2^(n+1) (Integral_{x = 0..1} 1/(1+x^2)^(n+1) dx) - Pi(2n)!/(2^(n+1)*n!).