cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

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A015113 Triangle of q-binomial coefficients for q=-5.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, -4, 1, 1, 21, 21, 1, 1, -104, 546, -104, 1, 1, 521, 13546, 13546, 521, 1, 1, -2604, 339171, -1679704, 339171, -2604, 1, 1, 13021, 8476671, 210302171, 210302171, 8476671, 13021, 1, 1, -65104, 211929796, -26279294704, 131649159046
Offset: 0

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Author

Keywords

Comments

May be read as a symmetric triangular (T[n,k]=T[n,n-k]; k=0,...,n; n=0,1,...) or square array (A[n,r]=A[r,n]=T[n+r,r], read by antidiagonals). The diagonals of the former (or rows/columns of the latter) are A000012 (k=0), A014986 (k=1), A015255 (k=2), A015272, A015291, A015309, A015327, A015344, A015360, A015377, A015391 (k=10), A015409, A015427,... - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

Crossrefs

Cf. analog triangles for other q: A015109 (q=-2), A015110 (q=-3), A015112 (q=-4), A015116 (q=-6), A015117 (q=-7), A015118 (q=-8), A015121 (q=-9), A015123 (q=-10), A015124 (q=-11), A015125 (q=-12), A015129 (q=-13), A015132 (q=-14), A015133 (q=-15); A022166 (q=2), A022167 (q=3), A022168, A022169, A022170, A022171, A022172, A022173, A022174 (q=10), A022175, A022176, A022177, A022178, A022179, A022180, A022181, A022182, A022183, A022184 (q=20), A022185, A022186, A022187, A022188. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Table[QBinomial[n, k, -5], {n, 0, 10}, {k, 0, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Apr 09 2016 *)
  • PARI
    T015113(n, k, q=-5)=prod(i=1, k, (q^(1+n-i)-1)/(q^i-1)) \\ (Indexing is that of the triangular array: 0 <= k <= n = 0,1,2,...) - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

A015116 Triangle of q-binomial coefficients for q=-6.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, -5, 1, 1, 31, 31, 1, 1, -185, 1147, -185, 1, 1, 1111, 41107, 41107, 1111, 1, 1, -6665, 1480963, -8838005, 1480963, -6665, 1, 1, 39991, 53308003, 1910490043, 1910490043, 53308003, 39991, 1, 1, -239945, 1919128099, -412612541285
Offset: 0

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Author

Keywords

Comments

May be read as a symmetric triangular (T[n,k]=T[n,n-k]; k=0,...,n; n=0,1,...) or square array (A[n,r]=A[r,n]=T[n+r,r], read by antidiagonals). The diagonals of the former (or rows/columns of the latter) are A000012 (k=0), A014987 (k=1), A015257 (k=2), A015273, A015292, A015310, A015328, A015345, A015361, A015378, A015392 (k=10), A015410, A015429,... - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

Crossrefs

Cf. analog triangles for other q: A015109 (q=-2), A015110 (q=-3), A015112 (q=-4), A015113 (q=-5), A015117 (q=-7), A015118 (q=-8), A015121 (q=-9), A015123 (q=-10), A015124 (q=-11), A015125 (q=-12), A015129 (q=-13), A015132 (q=-14), A015133 (q=-15); A022166 (q=2), A022167 (q=3), A022168, A022169, A022170, A022171, A022172, A022173, A022174 (q=10), A022175, A022176, A022177, A022178, A022179, A022180, A022181, A022182, A022183, A022184 (q=20), A022185, A022186, A022187, A022188. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Table[QBinomial[n, k, -6], {n, 0, 10}, {k, 0, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Apr 09 2016 *)
  • PARI
    T015116(n, k, q=-6)=prod(i=1, k, (q^(1+n-i)-1)/(q^i-1)) \\ (Indexing is that of the triangular array: 0 <= k <= n = 0,1,2,...) - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

A015118 Triangle of q-binomial coefficients for q=-8.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, -7, 1, 1, 57, 57, 1, 1, -455, 3705, -455, 1, 1, 3641, 236665, 236665, 3641, 1, 1, -29127, 15150201, -120935815, 15150201, -29127, 1, 1, 233017, 969583737, 61934287481, 61934287481, 969583737, 233017, 1, 1, -1864135, 62053592185
Offset: 0

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Author

Keywords

Comments

May be read as a symmetric triangular (T[n,k]=T[n,n-k]; k=0,...,n; n=0,1,...) or square array (A[n,r]=A[r,n]=T[n+r,r], read by antidiagonals). The diagonals of the former, or rows/columns of the latter, are: A000012 (k=0), A014990 (k=1), A015259 (k=2), A015276 (k=3), A015294 (k=4), A015313 (k=5), A015331 (k=6), A015347 (k=7), A015364 (k=8), A015380 (k=9), A015394 (k=10), A015413 (k=11), A015431 (k=12). - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

Crossrefs

Cf. analog triangles for negative q=-2,...,-15: A015109 (q=-2), A015110 (q=-3), A015112 (q=-4), A015113 (q=-5), A015116 (q=-6), A015117 (q=-7), A015121 (q=-9), A015123 (q=-10), A015124 (q=-11), A015125 (q=-12), A015129 (q=-13), A015132 (q=-14), A015133 (q=-15). - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012
Cf. analog triangles for positive q=2,...,24: A022166 (q=2), A022167 (q=3), A022168, A022169, A022170, A022171, A022172, A022173, A022174 (q=10), A022175, A022176, A022177, A022178, A022179, A022180, A022181, A022182, A022183, A022184 (q=20), A022185, A022186, A022187, A022188. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 05 2012

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Table[QBinomial[n, k, -8], {n, 0, 10}, {k, 0, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Apr 09 2016 *)
  • PARI
    T015118(n, k, q=-8)=prod(i=1, k, (q^(1+n-i)-1)/(q^i-1)) \\ (Indexing is that of the triangular array: 0 <= k <= n = 0,1,2,...) - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

A015121 Triangle of q-binomial coefficients for q=-9.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, -8, 1, 1, 73, 73, 1, 1, -656, 5986, -656, 1, 1, 5905, 484210, 484210, 5905, 1, 1, -53144, 39226915, -352504880, 39226915, -53144, 1, 1, 478297, 3177326971, 257015284435, 257015284435, 3177326971, 478297, 1, 1, -4304672, 257363962948
Offset: 0

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Author

Keywords

Comments

May be read as a symmetric triangular (T[n,k]=T[n,n-k]; k=0,...,n; n=0,1,...) or square array (A[n,r]=A[r,n]=T[n+r,r], read by antidiagonals). The diagonals of the former, or rows/columns of the latter, are: A000012 (k=0), A014991 (k=1), A015260 (k=2), A015277 (k=3), A015295 (k=4), A015315 (k=5), A015332 (k=6), A015349 (k=7), A015365 (k=8), A015381 (k=9), A015397 (k=10), A015414 (k=11), A015432 (k=12). - M. F. Hasler, Nov 05 2012

Crossrefs

Cf. analog triangles for other q: A015109 (q=-2), A015110 (q=-3), A015112 (q=-4), A015113 (q=-5), A015116 (q=-6), A015117 (q=-7), A015118 (q=-8), A015123 (q=-10), A015124 (q=-11), A015125 (q=-12), A015129 (q=-13), A015132 (q=-14), A015133 (q=-15). - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012
Cf. analog triangles for positive q=2,...,24: A022166 (q=2), A022167 (q=3), A022168, A022169, A022170, A022171, A022172, A022173, A022174 (q=10), A022175, A022176, A022177, A022178, A022179, A022180, A022181, A022182, A022183, A022184 (q=20), A022185, A022186, A022187, A022188. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 05 2012

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Table[QBinomial[n, k, -9], {n, 0, 10}, {k, 0, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Apr 09 2016 *)
  • PARI
    T015121(n, k, q=-9)=prod(i=1, k, (q^(1+n-i)-1)/(q^i-1)) \\ (Indexing is that of the triangular array: 0 <= k <= n = 0,1,2,...) - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

A015123 Triangle of q-binomial coefficients for q=-10.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, -9, 1, 1, 91, 91, 1, 1, -909, 9191, -909, 1, 1, 9091, 918191, 918191, 9091, 1, 1, -90909, 91828191, -917272809, 91828191, -90909, 1, 1, 909091, 9182728191, 917364637191, 917364637191, 9182728191, 909091, 1, 1, -9090909, 918273728191
Offset: 0

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Author

Keywords

Comments

May be read as a symmetric triangular (T[n,k]=T[n,n-k]; k=0,...,n; n=0,1,...) or square array (A[n,r]=A[r,n]=T[n+r,r], read by antidiagonals). The diagonals in the former, or row/columns in the latter, are then (k=0,...,12): A000012, A014992, A015261, A015278, A015298, A015316, A015333, A015350, A015367, A015382, A015398, A015417, A015433. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 & Nov 05 2012

Crossrefs

Cf. analog triangles for other q: A015109 (q=-2), A015110 (q=-3), A015112 (q=-4), A015113 (q=-5), A015116 (q=-6), A015117 (q=-7), A015118 (q=-8), A015121 (q=-9), A015124 (q=-11), A015125 (q=-12), A015129 (q=-13), A015132 (q=-14), A015133 (q=-15). - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012
Cf. analog triangles for positive q=2,...,24: A022166 (q=2), A022167 (q=3), A022168, A022169, A022170, A022171, A022172, A022173, A022174 (q=10), A022175, A022176, A022177, A022178, A022179, A022180, A022181, A022182, A022183, A022184 (q=20), A022185, A022186, A022187, A022188. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 05 2012

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Table[QBinomial[n, k, -10], {n, 0, 10}, {k, 0, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Apr 09 2016 *)
  • PARI
    T015123(n, k, q=-10)=prod(i=1, k, (q^(1+n-i)-1)/(q^i-1)) \\ (Indexing is that of the triangular array: 0 <= k <= n = 0,1,2,...) - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

A015124 Triangle of q-binomial coefficients for q=-11.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, -10, 1, 1, 111, 111, 1, 1, -1220, 13542, -1220, 1, 1, 13421, 1637362, 1637362, 13421, 1, 1, -147630, 198134223, -2177691460, 198134223, -147630, 1, 1, 1623931, 23974093353, 2898705467483, 2898705467483, 23974093353, 1623931, 1, 1
Offset: 0

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Author

Keywords

Comments

May be read as a symmetric triangular (T[n,k]=T[n,n-k]; k=0,...,n; n=0,1,...) or square array (A[n,r]=A[r,n]=T[n+r,r], read by antidiagonals). The diagonals in the former, or row/columns in the latter, are then (k=0,...,12): A000012, A014993, A015262, A015279, A015300, A015317, A015334, A015353, A015368, A015383, A015499, A015418, A015434. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 & Nov 05 2012

Crossrefs

Cf. analog triangles for other negative q=-2,...,-15: A015109 (q=-2), A015110 (q=-3), A015112 (q=-4), A015113 (q=-5), A015116 (q=-6), A015117 (q=-7), A015118 (q=-8), A015121 (q=-9), A015123 (q=-10), A015125 (q=-12), A015129 (q=-13), A015132 (q=-14), A015133 (q=-15). - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012
Cf. analog triangles for positive q=2,...,24: A022166 (q=2), A022167 (q=3), A022168, A022169, A022170, A022171, A022172, A022173, A022174 (q=10), A022175, A022176, A022177, A022178, A022179, A022180, A022181, A022182, A022183, A022184 (q=20), A022185, A022186, A022187, A022188. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 05 2012

Programs

  • PARI
    T015124(n, k, q=-11)=prod(i=1, k, (q^(1+n-i)-1)/(q^i-1)) \\ (Indexing is that of the triangular array: 0 <= k <= n = 0,1,2,...) - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

A015125 Triangle of q-binomial coefficients for q=-12.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, -11, 1, 1, 133, 133, 1, 1, -1595, 19285, -1595, 1, 1, 19141, 2775445, 2775445, 19141, 1, 1, -229691, 399683221, -4793193515, 399683221, -229691, 1, 1, 2756293, 57554154133, 8283038077141, 8283038077141, 57554154133, 2756293, 1, 1
Offset: 0

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Author

Keywords

Comments

May be read as a symmetric triangular (T[n,k]=T[n,n-k]; k=0,...,n; n=0,1,...) or square array (A[n,r]=A[r,n]=T[n+r,r], read by antidiagonals). The diagonals of the former, or rows/columns of the latter, are, for k=0,...,12: A000012, A014994, A015264, A015281, A015302, A015319, A015336, A015354, A015369, A015384, A015401, A015421, A015436. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

Crossrefs

Cf. analog triangles for other negative q=-2,...,-15: A015109 (q=-2), A015110 (q=-3), A015112 (q=-4), A015113 (q=-5), A015116 (q=-6), A015117 (q=-7), A015118 (q=-8), A015121 (q=-9), A015123 (q=-10), A015124 (q=-11), A015129 (q=-13), A015132 (q=-14), A015133 (q=-15). - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012
Cf. analog triangles for positive q=2,...,24: A022166 (q=2), A022167 (q=3), A022168, A022169, A022170, A022171, A022172, A022173, A022174 (q=10), A022175, A022176, A022177, A022178, A022179, A022180, A022181, A022182, A022183, A022184 (q=20), A022185, A022186, A022187, A022188. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 05 2012

Programs

  • PARI
    T015125(n, k, q=-12)=prod(i=1, k, (q^(1+n-i)-1)/(q^i-1)) \\ (Indexing is that of the triangular array: 0 <= k <= n = 0,1,2,...) - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

A015132 Triangle of (Gaussian) q-binomial coefficients for q=-14.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, -13, 1, 1, 183, 183, 1, 1, -2561, 36051, -2561, 1, 1, 35855, 7063435, 7063435, 35855, 1, 1, -501969, 1384469115, -19375002205, 1384469115, -501969, 1, 1, 7027567, 271355444571, 53166390519635, 53166390519635, 271355444571
Offset: 0

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Author

Keywords

Comments

May be read as a symmetric triangular (T[n,k]=T[n,n-k]; k=0,...,n; n=0,1,...) or square array (A[n,r]=A[r,n]=T[n+r,r], read by antidiagonals). - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

Crossrefs

Cf. analog triangles for other negative q=-2,...,-15: A015109 (q=-2), A015110 (q=-3), A015112 (q=-4), A015113 (q=-5), A015116 (q=-6), A015117 (q=-7), A015118 (q=-8), A015121 (q=-9), A015123 (q=-10), A015124 (q=-11), A015125 (q=-12), A015129 (q=-13), A015133 (q=-15). - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012
Cf. analog triangles for positive q=2,...,24: A022166 (q=2), A022167 (q=3), A022168, A022169, A022170, A022171, A022172, A022173, A022174 (q=10), A022175, A022176, A022177, A022178, A022179, A022180, A022181, A022182, A022183, A022184 (q=20), A022185, A022186, A022187, A022188. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 05 2012

Programs

  • PARI
    T015132(n, k, q=-14)=prod(i=1, k, (q^(1+n-i)-1)/(q^i-1)) \\ (Indexing is that of the triangular array: 0 <= k <= n = 0,1,2,...) - M. F. Hasler, Nov 04 2012

A057963 Triangle T(n,k) of number of minimal 2-covers of a labeled n-set that cover k points of that set uniquely (k=2,..,n).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 3, 6, 12, 7, 10, 30, 35, 15, 15, 60, 105, 90, 31, 21, 105, 245, 315, 217, 63, 28, 168, 490, 840, 868, 504, 127, 36, 252, 882, 1890, 2604, 2268, 1143, 255, 45, 360, 1470, 3780, 6510, 7560, 5715, 2550, 511, 55, 495, 2310, 6930, 14322, 20790, 20955, 14025
Offset: 2

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Author

Vladeta Jovovic, Oct 17 2000

Keywords

Comments

Row sums give A000392.

Examples

			There are 90=10+30+35+15 minimal 2-covers of a labeled 5-set.
Triangle starts:
1;
3, 3;
6, 12, 7;
10, 30, 35, 15;
15, 60, 105, 90, 31;
...
		

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Magma
    /* As triangle: */ [[Binomial(n, k)*(2^(k-1)-1): k in [2..n]]: n in [1.. 15]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Feb 19 2016
  • Maple
    seq(seq(binomial(n,k)*(2^(k-1)-1),k=2..n), n=2..13); # Robert Israel, Feb 18 2016
  • Mathematica
    Table[ Binomial[n, k] (2^(k-1)-1), {n, 2, 13}, {k, 2, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Sep 18 2018, from Maple *)
  • PARI
    T(n,k) = m=2; binomial(n, k)*stirling(k, m, 2)*(2^m-m-1)^(n-k); \\ Michel Marcus, Feb 18 2016
    

Formula

Number of minimal m-covers of a labeled n-set that cover k points of that set uniquely is C(n, k)*S(k, m)*(2^m-m-1)^(n-k), where S(k, m) are Stirling numbers of the second kind. Here m=2.
From Robert Israel, Feb 18 2016: (Start)
T(n,k) = C(n,k) * (2^(k-1)-1).
G.f. of triangle: x^2*y^2/((1-x)*(1-x-x*y)*(1-x-2*x*y)). (End)

A139382 Triangle read by rows, T(n,k) = (2^k-1) * T(n-1,k) + T(n-1,k-1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 1, 1, 13, 11, 1, 1, 40, 90, 26, 1, 1, 121, 670, 480, 57, 1, 1, 364, 4811, 7870, 2247, 120, 1, 1, 1093, 34041, 122861, 77527, 9807, 247, 1, 1, 3280, 239380, 1876956, 2526198, 695368, 41176, 502, 1, 1, 9841, 1678940, 28393720, 80189094, 46334382, 5924720, 169186, 1013, 1
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Gary W. Adamson, Apr 16 2008

Keywords

Comments

Row sums = A135922 starting with offset 1: (1, 2, 6, 26, 158, 1330, ...).
This triangle is the q-analog of A008277 (Stirling numbers of the 2nd kind) for q=2 (see Cai et al. link). - Werner Schulte, Apr 04 2019
T(n,k) is the number of naturally labeled posets on [n] with height at most one containing exactly k minimal elements. See link by David Bevan and others below. - Geoffrey Critzer, May 03 2025

Examples

			First few rows of the triangle are:
  1;
  1,   1;
  1,   4,   1;
  1,  13,  11,   1;
  1,  40,  90,  26,   1;
  1, 121, 670, 480,  57,   1;
  ...
a(13) = T(5,3) = 90 = (2^3 - 1)*T(4,3) + T(4,2) = 7*11 + 13.
		

Crossrefs

Cf. A000295 (2nd diagonal), A003462 (column 2), A016212 (column 3), A156823.

Programs

  • Maple
    # Uses[qStirling2 from A333143]
    seq(seq(qStirling2(n, k, 2), k=0..n), n=0..9); # Peter Luschny, Mar 10 2020
    # Alternative.
    A139382 := proc(n, k) if k = 1 then 1 elif k = n then 1 elif k < 1 then 0 else
    (2^k - 1)*A139382(n-1, k) + A139382(n-1, k-1) fi end:
    for n from 1 to 8 do seq(A139382(n, k), k = 1..n) od; # Peter Luschny, Jun 28 2022
  • Mathematica
    T[1, 1]:= 1; T[n_, k_]:= T[n, k] = If[k > n || k < 1, 0, (2^k-1)*T[n-1, k] + T[n-1, k-1]]; Table[T[n, k], {n, 1, 12}, {k, 1, n}] (* G. C. Greubel, Apr 02 2019 *)
  • PARI
    {T(n,k) = if(k<1 || k>n, 0, if(n==1 && k==1, 1, (2^k-1)*T(n-1,k) + T(n-1,k-1)))};
    for(n=1,12, for(k=1,n, print1(T(n,k), ", "))) \\ G. C. Greubel, Apr 02 2019
    
  • Sage
    @CachedFunction
    def T(n, k):
       if (k==1): return 1
       elif (k==n): return 1
       else: return (2^k-1)*T(n-1, k) + T(n-1, k-1)
    [[T(n, k) for k in (1..n)] for n in (1..12)] # G. C. Greubel, Apr 02 2019

Formula

Triangle read by rows, T(n,k) = (2^k-1) * T(n-1,k) + T(n-1,k-1). Let X = an infinite bidiagonal matrix with (1,3,7,15,31...) in the main diagonal and (1,1,1,...) in the subdiagonal. n-th row of the triangle = X^n * [1,0,0,0,...].
From Werner Schulte, Apr 02 2019: (Start)
G.f. of column k: col(k,t) = Sum_{n>=k} T(n,k)*t^n = t^k/Product_{i=1..k} (1 - (2^i-1)*t) for k > 0.
Sum_{k>0} col(k,t) * (Product_{i=1..k-1} (1 - 2^i)) = t (empty product equals 1).
Sum_{k=1..n} (-1)^k * 2^binomial(k,2) * T(n,k) = (-1)^n for n > 0.
An example for k=3: g.f. of column 3: col(3,t) = Sum_{n>=3} T(n,3) * t^n = 1*t^3 + 11*t^4 + 90*t^5 + 670*t^6 + ... = t^3 * (1 + 11*t + 90*t^2 + 670*t^3 + ...) = t^3 / Product_{i=1..3} (1 - (2^i - 1)*t) = t^3 / ((1 - t) * (1 - 3*t) * (1 - 7*t)) = t^3 / (1 - 11*t + 31*t^2 - 21*t^3). Perhaps the following recurrence formula is useful too: col(k,t) = col(k-1,t) * t / (1 - (2^k - 1)*t) for k > 1 with initial value col(1,t) = t / (1 - t). Finally: col(k,t) is the g.f. of column k.
With regard to the 2nd formula: We can it replace with the following formula: Sum_{k=1..n} T(n,k) * (Product_{i=1..k-1} (1-2^i)) = A000007(n-1) for n > 0 with empty product 1 (case k=1). Example for n=5: 1*1 + (-1)*40 + (-1)*(-3)*90 + (-1)*(-3)*(-7)*26 + (-1)*(-3)*(-7)*(-15)*1 = 0. (End)
T(n,k) = (1/(2^binomial(k,2)*A005329(k))) * Sum_{j=0..k} (-1)^(k-j)*2^binomial(k-j,2)*A022166(k,j)*(2^j-1)^n. - Fabian Pereyra, Jan 27 2024
T(n,k) = Sum_{j=k..n} (-1)^(n-j)*binomial(n,j)*qBinomial(j,k,2), where qBinomial(n,k,2) is A022166(n,k). - Fabian Pereyra, Jan 31 2024

Extensions

More terms from G. C. Greubel, Apr 02 2019
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