cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

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A176497 a(n) is the cardinality of the "Cross Set" which is the subset of distinct resistances that can be produced by a circuit of n unit resistors using only series or parallel combinations which cannot be decomposed as a single unit resistor in either series or parallel with a circuit of n-1 unit resistors.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 1, 4, 9, 25, 75, 195, 475, 1265, 3135, 7983, 19697, 50003, 126163, 317629, 802945, 2035619, 5158039, 13084381, 33240845, 84478199, 214717585, 546235003, 1389896683, 3537930077, 9007910913, 22942258567, 58444273501
Offset: 1

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Author

Sameen Ahmed Khan, Apr 21 2010

Keywords

Comments

This sequence arises in the decomposition of the sets A(n + 1) of equivalent resistances, when n equal resistors are combined in series/parallel, into series parallel and cross sets respectively. The order of the set A(n) of equivalent resistances when n resistors are combined in series/parallel is given by the Sequence A048211: 1, 2, 4, 9, 22, 53, 131, 337, 869, ... Treating the elements of A(n) as single blocks the (n + 1)th resistor can be added either in series or in parallel.
We call these two sets as series set and parallel set respectively. One can also add the (n + 1)th resistor somewhere within the A(n) blocks, and we call this set as the cross set. The series and the parallel sets each have exactly A(n) number of configurations and the same number of equivalent resistances. All the elements of the parallel set are strictly less than 1 and that of the series set are strictly greater than 1. These two disjoint sets contribute 2*A(n) number of elements to A(n + 1) and are the source of 2n. It is the cross set which takes the count beyond 2^n to 2.53^n numerically (up to n = 22) and maximally to 2.61^n, strictly fixed by the Farey scheme. The cross set is not straightforward, as it is generated by placing the (n + 1)th resistor anywhere within the blocks of A(n). The order of the cross set is A(n + 1) - 2*A(n) leading to this sequence.

Examples

			A(1) has no cross set and the first term is defined to be zero; the cross sets for n = 2 and n = 3 are empty hence the second and third term are each zero. Noting that A(3) = 4 and A(4) = 9, the fourth term is 1. The fifth term is 4.
		

Crossrefs

Formula

a(n) = A048211(n) - 2*A048211(n-1).

Extensions

a(23) from Sameen Ahmed Khan, May 02 2010
a(24)-a(25) from Antoine Mathys, Mar 19 2017
a(26)-a(30) from Antoine Mathys, Dec 08 2024
Edited by Andrew Howroyd, Dec 08 2024

A176498 Number of elements less than 1/2 in the Cross Set which is the subset of the set of distinct resistances that can be produced using n unit resistors in series and/or parallel.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 6, 9, 24, 58, 124, 312, 759, 1768, 4421, 10811, 27191, 68591, 174627, 441633, 1124795, 2866004, 7297500, 18585359, 47337643, 120562041, 307063757
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Sameen Ahmed Khan, Apr 21 2010

Keywords

Comments

This sequence arises in the decomposition of the sets A(n + 1) of equivalent resistances, when n equal resistors are combined in series/parallel, into series parallel and cross sets respectively. All the elements of the parallel set are strictly less than 1 and all those of the series set are strictly greater than 1. The cross set is expected to be dense around 1 with very few elements below 1/2. Hence it is relevant to count the elements below 1/2.

Examples

			The order of the cross set is given by A176497: 0, 0, 0, 1, 4, 9, 25, 75, 195, 475, 1265, 3135, ... The sets corresponding n = 4 to n = 8 do not have a single element below 1/2. For n = 9 onwards we have a few elements which are less than 1/2; they are 1, 6, 9, 24, ....
		

Crossrefs

Extensions

a(16)-a(25) from Antoine Mathys, Mar 20 2017
a(26)-a(30) from Antoine Mathys, Dec 08 2024

A338401 a(n) is the numerator of the resistance R(n) = a(n)/A338402(n) of a triangular network of 3*n*(n+1)/2 one Ohm resistors in a hexagonal lattice arrangement.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 10, 10, 206, 3326, 43118, 150806, 11591578, 436494606, 1008712015454, 382034633808890, 13187511533010430, 2111825680430510462, 171204772756285452656378, 89579048665281690355286, 1013412795315891086553473628734, 20023655015717377508089133638478, 24678955315461926144059519221489609194
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Hugo Pfoertner, Oct 24 2020

Keywords

Comments

The resistance is measured between two corners of the triangular region.

Examples

			R(1) = a(1)/A338402(1) = 2/3,
R(2) = a(2)/A338402(2) = 10/9,
R(4) = a(4)/A338402(4) = 206/123.
a(3) = 10: The following network of A045943(3) = 18 one Ohm resistors has a resistance of R(3) = 10/7 Ohm, i.e., the current I driven by the voltage of 1 Volt is 7/10 = A338402(3)/a(3) Ampere.
.
                       O
                    __/ \_
                   / /   \ \
                  /1/     \1\
                 /_/       \_\
                 /   _____   \
                O---|__1__|---O
             __/ \_        __/ \_
            / /   \ \     / /   \ \
           /1/     \1\   /1/     \1\
          /_/       \_\ /_/       \_\
          /   _____   \ /   _____   \
         O---|__1__|---O---|__1__|---O
      __/ \__       __/ \__       __/ \_
     / /   \ \     / /   \ \     / /   \ \
    /1/     \1\   /1/     \1\   /1/     \1\
   /_/       \_\ /_/       \_\ /_/       \_\
   /   _____   \ /   _____   \ /   _____   \
  O---|__1__|---O---|__1__|---O---|__1__|---O
  |                                         |
  |                 V = 1 Volt              |
  |                     |                   |
   -------------------| |-- I=1/R Ampere ---
                        |
.
With a numbering of the resistors as shown in the following diagram,
.
              O
             / \
           15  18
           /     \
          O--14---O
         / \     / \
        7   9  13  17
       /     \ /     \
      O-- 6---O--12---O
     / \     / \     / \
    2   3   5   8  11  16
   /     \ /     \ /     \
  O---1---O---4---O--10---O
  |______1 Volt__I=I19____|
.
the currents in Amperes through the 18 resistors, and the current I=I19 through the voltage source of 1 Volt, are [11/30, 1/3, 1/30, 4/15, 2/15, 1/6, 2/15, 2/15, 1/30, 11/30, 1/30, 1/6, 1/30, 1/15, 1/30, 1/3, 2/15, 1/30, 7/10].
		

Crossrefs

Programs

  • PARI
    a33840_1_2(n)={my(md=3*n*(n+1)/2+1,
    T1=matrix(n,n),T2=matrix(n,n),T3=matrix(n,n),
    M=matrix(md,md,i,j,0),U=vector(md),
    valid(i,j)=i>0&&i<=n&&j>0&&j<=n&&i>=j,k=0,neq=1);
    \\ List of edges
    for(i=1,n,for(j=1,i,T1[i,j]=k++;T2[i,j]=k++;T3[i,j]=k++));
    \\ In- and outflow of current at all nodes
    \\ lower left triangle with inflow of current from source of voltage
    M[1,1]=-1;M[1,2]=-1;M[1,md]=1;
    \\ loops over lower left corners of triangles
    for(i=2,n+1,for(j=1,i,
    \\ exclude node at top of triangle
    if(j
    				

A340920 a(n) is the number of distinct resistances that can be produced from a planar circuit with exactly n unit resistors.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 9, 23, 57, 151, 427, 1263, 3807, 11549, 34843, 104459, 311317, 928719, 2776247, 8320757, 24967341, 74985337
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Hugo Pfoertner and Rainer Rosenthal, Feb 14 2021

Keywords

Examples

			a(10) = 3807, whereas A337517(10) = 3823. The difference of 16 resistances results from the 15 terms of A338601/A338602 and the resistance 34/27 not representable by a planar network of 10 resistors, whereas it (but not 27/34) can be represented by a nonplanar network of 10 resistors.
		

Crossrefs

Programs

Formula

a(n) = A337517(n) for n <= 9, a(n) < A337517(n) for n >= 10.

Extensions

a(19) from Hugo Pfoertner, Mar 15 2021

A338781 Half the maximum number of distinct resistances that can be produced from a circuit of n resistors of two different kinds using only series and parallel combinations.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 10, 38, 161, 718, 3385, 16548, 83183, 427490, 2237196, 11865560, 63677761
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Andrew Howroyd, Nov 08 2020

Keywords

Comments

In order to get the maximum number, the ratio of the two resistances should be a transcendental number.
It appears that the resistance values always come in pairs, but this has not been proven. (This sequence only enumerates half). In particular, it seems that switching the two types of resistor and exchanging parallel with serial will always give a different value. Neither of these on its own is sufficient.

Examples

			In the following let x and y be the values of the two resistors.
With 1 component the resistances are {x, y}, so a(1) = 2/2 = 1.
With 2 components the resistances are {2*x, x/2, 2*y, y/2, x + y, x*y/(x + y)}, so a(2) = 6/2 = 3.
		

Crossrefs

Cf. A048211.

Programs

  • PARI
    ParSer(u,v)={concat(concat(vector(#u, i, vector(#v, j, u[i]+v[j]))), concat(vector(#u, i, vector(#v, j, 1/(1/u[i]+1/v[j])))))}
    S(n)={my(v=vector(n)); v[1]=[1,'x]; for(n=2, #v, v[n]=Set(concat(vector(n\2, k, ParSer(v[k],v[n-k]))))); v}
    a(n)={#(S(n)[n])/2}

Extensions

a(11) from Alois P. Heinz, Dec 21 2020
a(12)-a(13) from David Einstein, Feb 23 2022

A232005 Number of distinct resistances that can be produced from a circuit of resistors with resistances 1, 2, ..., n using only series and parallel combinations.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 8, 48, 386, 3781, 49475, 762869, 13554897, 266817541
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Dave R.M. Langers, Nov 16 2013

Keywords

Comments

Found by exhaustive search: all configurations of resistors were enumerated, resistances calculated, sorted, and distinct values counted.
This sequence allows any circuits to be combined in series or in parallel (akin A000084); A051045 requires circuits to be combined with a single resistor at a time.
This sequence regards circuits as distinct only if their resistance is different; A006351 regards circuits distinct if their configuration is different, although some may have the same resistance.
This sequence considers resistors with contiguous resistances 1, 2, ..., n; A005840 considers arbitrarily different resistors, while A048211 considers n equal resistances.

Examples

			a(2) = 2 since given a 1-ohm and a 2-ohm resistor, a series circuit yields 3 ohms, while a parallel circuit yields 2/3 ohms, which thus yields two distinct resistances.
		

Crossrefs

A292126 Number of two-terminal exclusive-bridged graphs with n edges.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 4, 21, 86, 349, 1328, 4925, 17786
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Eric M. Schmidt, Sep 09 2017

Keywords

Comments

1

Crossrefs

A341536 Number of distinct resistances that can be produced using at most n unit resistors in series, parallel, bridge or fork configurations.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 36, 80, 194, 500, 1342, 3623, 9835, 26412, 70505, 187805, 500627
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Rainer Rosenthal, Feb 14 2021

Keywords

Comments

Cumulative sequence based on A337516.

Crossrefs

Previous Showing 21-28 of 28 results.