A196545 -id:A196545 - cp's OEIS frontend

A358831 Number of twice-partitions of n into partitions with weakly decreasing lengths.

1, 1, 3, 6, 14, 26, 56, 102, 205, 372, 708, 1260, 2345, 4100, 7388, 12819, 22603, 38658, 67108, 113465, 193876, 324980, 547640, 909044, 1516609, 2495023, 4118211, 6726997, 11002924, 17836022, 28948687, 46604803, 75074397, 120134298, 192188760, 305709858, 486140940

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Dec 03 2022

nonn

A twice-partition of n is a sequence of integer partitions, one of each part of an integer partition of n.

			The a(1) = 1 through a(4) = 14 twice-partitions:
  (1)  (2)     (3)        (4)
       (11)    (21)       (22)
       (1)(1)  (111)      (31)
               (2)(1)     (211)
               (11)(1)    (1111)
               (1)(1)(1)  (2)(2)
                          (3)(1)
                          (11)(2)
                          (21)(1)
                          (11)(11)
                          (111)(1)
                          (2)(1)(1)
                          (11)(1)(1)
                          (1)(1)(1)(1)

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..500

This is the semi-ordered case of A141199.
For constant instead of weakly decreasing lengths we have A306319.
For distinct instead of weakly decreasing lengths we have A358830.
A063834 counts twice-partitions, strict A296122, row-sums of A321449.
A196545 counts p-trees, enriched A289501.
Cf. A000041, A000219, A001970, A061260, A072233, A271619, A279787, A358836.

twiptn[n_]:=Join@@Table[Tuples[IntegerPartitions/@ptn],{ptn,IntegerPartitions[n]}];
Table[Length[Select[twiptn[n],GreaterEqual@@Length/@#&]],{n,0,10}]

P(n,y) = {1/prod(k=1, n, 1 - y*x^k + O(x*x^n))}
seq(n) = {my(g=Vec(P(n,y)-1), v=[1]); for(k=1, n, my(p=g[k], u=v); v=vector(k+1); v[1] = 1 + O(x*x^n); for(j=1, k, v[1+j] = (v[j] + if(jAndrew Howroyd, Dec 31 2022

Terms a(26) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Dec 31 2022

A273866 Coefficients a(k,m) of polynomials a{k}(h) appearing in the product Product_{k >= 1} (1 - a{k}(h)x^k) = 1 - hx/(1-x).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 3, 5, 5, 3, 1, 1, 3, 6, 7, 6, 3, 1, 1, 4, 9, 13, 13, 9, 4, 1, 1, 4, 10, 17, 20, 17, 10, 4, 1, 1, 5, 15, 30, 42, 42, 30, 15, 5, 1, 1, 5, 16, 36, 57, 66, 57, 36, 16, 5, 1

Offset: 1

Gevorg Hmayakyan, Jun 01 2016

The a(k,m) form a table where each row has k-1 elements starting from 2 and the a(1,1) = 1.

			a{1}(h) = h,
a{2}(h) = h,
a{3}(h) = h^2 + h,
a{4}(h) = h^3 + h^2 + h,
a{5}(h) = h^4 + 2*h^3 + 2*h^2 + h,
a{6}(h) = h^5 + 2*h^4 + 2*h^3 + 2*h^2 + h,
a{7}(h) = h^6 + 3*h^5 + 5*h^4 + 5*h^3 + 3*h^2 + h,
a{8}(h) = h^7 + 3*h^6 + 6*h^5 + 7*h^4 + 6*h^3 + 3*h^2 + h,
a{9}(h) = h^8 + 4*h^7 + 9*h^6 + 13*h^5 + 13*h^4 + 9*h^3 + 4*h^2 + h
...
and the corresponding a(k,m) table is:
  1,
  1,
  1,  1,
  1,  1,  1,
  1,  2,  2,  1,
  1,  2,  2,  2,  1,
  1,  3,  5,  5,  3,  1,
  1,  3,  6,  7,  6,  3,  1,
  1,  4,  9, 13, 13,  9,  4,  1,
  ...
a(7,3) = 5 because there are six strict trees contributing positive one {{5,1},1}, {{4,2},1}, {{4,1},2}, {{3,2},2}, {4,{2,1}}, {{3,1},3} and there is one strict tree contributing negative one {4,2,1}. - _Gus Wiseman_, Nov 14 2016

Giedrius Alkauskas, One curious proof of Fermat's little theorem, arXiv:0801.0805 [math.NT], 2008.
Giedrius Alkauskas, A curious proof of Fermat's little theorem, Amer. Math. Monthly 116(4) (2009), 362-364.
H. Gingold, H. W. Gould, and Michael E. Mays, Power Product Expansions, Utilitas Mathematica 34 (1988), 143-161.
H. Gingold and A. Knopfmacher, Analytic properties of power product expansions, Canad. J. Math. 47 (1995), 1219-1239.
W. Lang, Recurrences for the general problem.

Cf. A196545, A220418, A220420, A273866, A273873, A279785, A290261, A290262, A290971, A295632.

with(ListTools), with(numtheory), with(combinat);
L := product(1-a[k]*x^k, k = 1 .. 600);
S := Flatten([seq(-h, i = 1 .. 100)]);
Sabs := Flatten([seq(i, i = 1 .. 100)]);
seq(assign(a[i] = solve(coeff(L, x^i) = `if`(is(i in Sabs), S[Search(i, Sabs)], 0), a[i])), i = 1 .. 20);
map(coeffs, [seq(simplify(a[i]), i = 1 .. 20)]);

strictrees[n_Integer?Positive]:=Prepend[Join@@Function[ptn,Tuples[strictrees/@ptn]]/@Select[IntegerPartitions[n],And[Length[#]>1,UnsameQ@@#]&],n];
Table[Sum[(-1)^(Count[tree,,{0,Infinity}]-1),{tree,Select[strictrees[n],Length[Flatten[{#}]]===m&]}],{n,1,9},{m,1,n-1/.(0->1)}] (* _Gus Wiseman, Nov 14 2016 *)
(* second program *)
A[m_, n_] :=
  A[m, n] =
   Which[m == 1, -h, m > n >= 1, 0, True,
    A[m - 1, n] - A[m - 1, m - 1]*A[m, n - m + 1]];
a[n_] := Expand[-A[n, n]];
a /@ Range[1, 25] (* Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 04 2019, courtesy of Jean-François Alcover *)

a(k,m) = a(k, k-m).
For prime p: Sum_{m = 1..p-1} a(p, m) = (2^p - 2)/p.
a{k}(h) satisfies Sum_{d|k} (1/d)*(a{k/d}(h))^d = ((h+1)^k - 1)/k. [Corrected by Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 04 2019]
For prime p: a{p}(h) = ((h+1)^p - h^p - 1)/p.
See A273873 for the definition of strict tree. Then a(n,m) = Sum_t (-1)^{v(t)-1} where the sum is over all strict trees of weight n with m leaves, and v(t) is the number of nodes in t (including the leaves, which are positive integers). See example 2 and the first Mathematica program. - Gus Wiseman, Nov 14 2016

A281119 Number of complete tree-factorizations of n >= 2.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 5, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 9, 1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 4, 1, 12, 1, 1, 1, 12, 1, 1, 1, 9, 1, 4, 1, 3, 3, 1, 1, 29, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 9, 1, 9, 1, 1, 1, 17, 1, 1, 3, 34, 1, 4, 1, 3, 1, 4, 1, 44, 1, 1, 3, 3, 1, 4, 1, 29, 5, 1, 1

Offset: 2

Gus Wiseman, Jan 15 2017

nonn

A tree-factorization of n>=2 is either (case 1) the number n or (case 2) a sequence of two or more tree-factorizations, one of each part of a weakly increasing factorization of n into factors greater than 1. A complete (or total) tree-factorization is a tree-factorization whose leaves are all prime numbers.

a(n) depends only on the prime signature of n. - Andrew Howroyd, Nov 18 2018

			The a(36)=12 complete tree-factorizations of 36 are:
(2(2(33))), (2(3(23))), (2(233)),   (3(2(23))),
(3(3(22))), (3(223)),   ((22)(33)), ((23)(23)),
(22(33)),   (23(23)),   (33(22)),   (2233).

Michael De Vlieger, Table of n, a(n) for n = 2..10000
A. Knopfmacher, M. Mays, Ordered and Unordered Factorizations of Integers, The Mathematica Journal 10(1), 2006.

Cf. A000311, A001055, A063834, A196545, A262673, A273873, A281113, A281118.

postfacs[n_]:=If[n<=1,{{}},Join@@Table[Map[Prepend[#,d]&,Select[postfacs[n/d],Min@@#>=d&]],{d,Rest[Divisors[n]]}]];
treefacs[n_]:=If[n<=1,{{}},Prepend[Join@@Function[q,Tuples[treefacs/@q]]/@DeleteCases[postfacs[n],{n}],n]];
Table[Length[Select[treefacs[n],FreeQ[#,_Integer?(!PrimeQ[#]&)]&]],{n,2,83}]

seq(n)={my(v=vector(n), w=vector(n)); v[1]=1; for(k=2, n, w[k]=v[k]+isprime(k); forstep(j=n\k*k, k, -k, my(i=j, e=0); while(i%k==0, i/=k; e++; v[j]+=w[k]^e*v[i]))); w[2..n]} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Nov 18 2018

a(p^n) = A196545(n) for prime p. - Andrew Howroyd, Nov 18 2018

A301706 Number of rooted thrice-partitions of n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 9, 19, 43, 91, 201, 422, 918, 1896, 4089, 8376, 17793, 36445, 76446, 155209, 324481, 655426, 1355220, 2741092, 5617505, 11291037, 23086423, 46227338, 93753196, 187754647, 378675055, 754695631, 1518414812, 3016719277, 6037006608, 11984729983

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Mar 25 2018

nonn

A rooted partition of n is an integer partition of n - 1. A rooted twice-partition of n is a choice of a rooted partition of each part in a rooted partition of n. A rooted thrice-partition of n is a choice of a rooted twice-partition of each part in a rooted partition of n.

			The a(5) = 9 rooted thrice-partitions:
((2)), ((11)), ((1)()), (()()()),
((1))(), (()())(), (())(()),
(())()(),
()()()().
The a(6) = 19 rooted thrice-partitions:
((3)), ((21)), ((111)), ((2)()), ((11)()), ((1)(1)), ((1)()()), (()()()()),
((2))(), ((11))(), ((1)())(), (()()())(), ((1))(()), (()())(()),
((1))()(), (()())()(), (())(())(),
(())()()(),
()()()()().

Cf. A000041, A001383, A002865, A063834, A093637, A119442, A196545, A281113, A289501, A300383, A301422, A301462, A301467, A301480, A301595, A301598.

twire[n_]:=twire[n]=Sum[Times@@PartitionsP/@(ptn-1),{ptn,IntegerPartitions[n-1]}];
thrire[n_]:=Sum[Times@@twire/@ptn,{ptn,IntegerPartitions[n-1]}];
Array[thrire,30]

A330679 Number of balanced reduced multisystems whose atoms constitute an integer partition of n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 12, 40, 180, 936, 5820, 41288, 331748, 2968688, 29307780, 316273976, 3704154568, 46788812168, 634037127612, 9174782661984, 141197140912208, 2302765704401360, 39671953757409256, 719926077632193848, 13726066030661998220, 274313334040504957368

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Dec 31 2019

nonn

A balanced reduced multisystem is either a finite multiset, or a multiset partition with at least two parts, not all of which are singletons, of a balanced reduced multisystem.

			The a(0) = 1 through a(4) = 12 multisystems:
  {}  {1}  {2}    {3}          {4}
           {1,1}  {1,2}        {1,3}
                  {1,1,1}      {2,2}
                  {{1},{1,1}}  {1,1,2}
                               {1,1,1,1}
                               {{1},{1,2}}
                               {{2},{1,1}}
                               {{1},{1,1,1}}
                               {{1,1},{1,1}}
                               {{1},{1},{1,1}}
                               {{{1}},{{1},{1,1}}}
                               {{{1,1}},{{1},{1}}}

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200

The case where the atoms are all 1's is A318813 = a(n)/2.
The version where the atoms constitute a strongly normal multiset is A330475.
The version where the atoms cover an initial interval is A330655.
The maximum-depth version is A330726.
Cf. A000041, A000111, A000669, A001970, A002846, A005121, A141268, A196545, A213427, A318812, A320160, A330474.

sps[{}]:={{}};sps[set:{i_,_}]:=Join@@Function[s,Prepend[#,s]&/@sps[Complement[set,s]]]/@Cases[Subsets[set],{i,_}];
mps[set_]:=Union[Sort[Sort/@(#/.x_Integer:>set[[x]])]&/@sps[Range[Length[set]]]];
totm[m_]:=Prepend[Join@@Table[totm[p],{p,Select[mps[m],1

a(n > 1) = 2 * A318813(n).

a(12) onwards from Andrew Howroyd, Jan 20 2024

A300439 Number of odd enriched p-trees of weight n (all outdegrees are odd).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 2, 5, 7, 18, 29, 75, 132, 332, 651, 1580, 3268, 7961, 16966, 40709, 89851, 215461, 484064, 1159568, 2641812, 6337448, 14622880, 35051341, 81609747, 196326305, 459909847, 1107083238, 2611592457, 6299122736, 14926657167, 36069213786, 85809507332

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Mar 05 2018

nonn

An odd enriched p-tree of weight n > 0 is either a single node of weight n, or a finite odd-length sequence of at least 3 odd enriched p-trees whose weights are weakly decreasing and sum to n.

			The a(6) = 7 odd enriched p-trees: 6, (411), (321), (222), ((111)21), ((211)11), (21111).

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..500

Cf. A000009, A027193, A063834, A078408, A196545, A273873, A289501, A294079, A298118, A299202, A299203, A300300, A300301, A300436, A300440.

f[n_]:=f[n]=1+Sum[Times@@f/@y,{y,Select[IntegerPartitions[n],Length[#]>1&&OddQ[Length[#]]&]}];
Array[f,40]

seq(n)={my(v=vector(n)); for(n=1, n, v[n] = 1 + polcoef(1/prod(k=1, n-1, 1 - v[k]*x^k + O(x*x^n)) - 1/prod(k=1, n-1, 1 + v[k]*x^k + O(x*x^n)), n)/2); v} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Aug 26 2018

A316624 Number of balanced p-trees with n leaves.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 8, 9, 16, 20, 40, 47, 83, 111, 201, 259, 454, 603, 1049, 1432, 2407, 3390, 6006, 8222, 13904, 20304, 34828, 50291, 85817, 126013, 217653, 317894, 535103, 798184, 1367585, 2008125, 3360067, 5048274, 8499942, 12623978, 21023718, 31552560, 52575257

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Oct 07 2018

nonn

A p-tree of weight n is either a single node (if n = 1) or a finite sequence of p-trees whose weights are weakly decreasing and sum to n.

A tree is balanced if all leaves have the same height.

			The a(1) = 1 through a(7) = 4 balanced p-trees:
  o  (oo)  (ooo)  (oooo)      (ooooo)      (oooooo)        (ooooooo)
                  ((oo)(oo))  ((ooo)(oo))  ((ooo)(ooo))    ((oooo)(ooo))
                                           ((oooo)(oo))    ((ooooo)(oo))
                                           ((oo)(oo)(oo))  ((ooo)(oo)(oo))

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..500

Cf. A000311, A000669, A001678, A005804, A048816, A079500, A119262, A120803, A141268, A196545, A289501, A319312.

ptrs[n_]:=If[n==1,{"o"},Join@@Table[Tuples[ptrs/@p],{p,Rest[IntegerPartitions[n]]}]];
Table[Length[ptrs[n]],{n,12}]
Table[Length[Select[ptrs[n],SameQ@@Length/@Position[#,"o"]&]],{n,12}]

seq(n)={my(p=x + O(x*x^n), q=0); while(p, q+=p; p = 1/prod(k=1, n, 1 - polcoef(p,k)*x^k + O(x*x^n)) - 1 - p); Vec(q)} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Oct 26 2018

Terms a(17) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Oct 26 2018

A300443 Number of binary enriched p-trees of weight n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 3, 8, 15, 41, 96, 288, 724, 2142, 5838, 17720, 49871, 151846, 440915, 1363821, 4019460, 12460721, 37374098, 116809752, 353904962, 1109745666, 3396806188, 10712261952, 33006706419, 104357272687, 323794643722, 1027723460639, 3204413808420, 10193485256501

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Mar 05 2018

nonn

A binary enriched p-tree of weight n is either a single node of weight n, or an ordered pair of binary enriched p-trees with weakly decreasing weights summing to n.

			The a(4) = 8 binary enriched p-trees: 4, (31), (22), ((21)1), ((11)2), (2(11)), (((11)1)1), ((11)(11)).

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000

Cf. A000992, A001190, A063834, A196545, A273873, A289501, A300354, A300439, A300442.

a:= proc(n) option remember;
      1+add(a(j)*a(n-j), j=1..n/2)
    end:
seq(a(n), n=0..40);  # Alois P. Heinz, Mar 06 2018

j[n_]:=j[n]=1+Sum[Times@@j/@y,{y,Select[IntegerPartitions[n],Length[#]===2&]}];
Array[j,40]
(* Second program: *)
a[n_] := a[n] = 1 + Sum[a[j]*a[n-j], {j, 1, n/2}];
a /@ Range[0, 40] (* Jean-François Alcover, May 12 2021, after Alois P. Heinz *)

seq(n)={my(v=vector(n)); for(n=1, n, v[n] = 1 + sum(k=1, n\2, v[k]*v[n-k])); concat([1], v)} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Aug 26 2018

a(n) = 1 + Sum_{x + y = n, 0 < x <= y < n} a(x) * a(y).

A300436 Number of odd p-trees of weight n (all proper terminal subtrees have odd weight).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 5, 5, 12, 13, 35, 37, 98, 107, 304, 336, 927, 1037, 3010, 3367, 9585, 10924, 32126, 36438, 105589, 121045, 359691, 412789, 1211214, 1398168, 4188930, 4831708, 14315544, 16636297, 50079792, 58084208, 173370663, 202101971, 611487744, 712709423

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Mar 05 2018

nonn

An odd p-tree of weight n > 0 is either a single node (if n = 1) or a finite sequence of at least 3 odd p-trees whose weights are weakly decreasing odd numbers summing to n.

			The a(7) = 5 odd p-trees: ((ooo)(ooo)o), (((ooo)oo)oo), ((ooooo)oo), ((ooo)oooo), (ooooooo).

Cf. A000009, A027193, A063834, A078408, A196545, A279374, A279785, A289501, A298118, A299202, A299203, A300300, A300301, A300355, A300439, A300440.

b[n_]:=b[n]=If[n>1,0,1]+Sum[Times@@b/@y,{y,Select[IntegerPartitions[n],Length[#]>1&&And@@OddQ/@#&]}];
Table[b[n],{n,40}]

O.g.f: x + Product_{n odd} 1/(1 - a(n)*x^n) - Sum_{n odd} a(n)*x^n. - Gus Wiseman, Aug 27 2018

Name corrected by Gus Wiseman, Aug 27 2018

A301364 Regular triangle where T(n,k) is the number of enriched p-trees of weight n with k leaves.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 4, 5, 1, 2, 6, 11, 12, 1, 3, 10, 26, 38, 34, 1, 3, 13, 39, 87, 117, 92, 1, 4, 19, 69, 181, 339, 406, 277, 1, 4, 23, 95, 303, 707, 1198, 1311, 806, 1, 5, 30, 143, 514, 1430, 2970, 4525, 4522, 2500, 1, 5, 35, 184, 762, 2446, 6124, 11627

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Mar 19 2018

An enriched p-tree of weight n > 0 is either a single node of weight n, or a finite sequence of two or more enriched p-trees with weakly decreasing weights summing to n.

			Triangle begins:
  1
  1   1
  1   1   2
  1   2   4   5
  1   2   6  11  12
  1   3  10  26  38  34
  1   3  13  39  87 117  92
  1   4  19  69 181 339 406 277
  ...
The T(5,4) = 11 enriched p-trees: (((21)1)1), ((2(11))1), (((11)2)1), ((211)1), ((21)(11)), (((11)1)2), ((111)2), ((21)11), (2(11)1), ((11)21), (2111).

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1275

Last entries of each row give A196545. Row sums are A289501.

Cf. A008284, A055277, A063834, A220418, A273866, A273873, A281145, A290261, A299201, A299202, A299203, A300354, A300442, A300443, A301365-A301368.

eptrees[n_]:=Prepend[Join@@Table[Tuples[eptrees/@ptn],{ptn,Select[IntegerPartitions[n],Length[#]>1&]}],n];
Table[Length[Select[eptrees[n],Count[#,_Integer,{-1}]===k&]],{n,8},{k,n}]

A(n)={my(v=vector(n)); for(n=1, n, v[n] = y + polcoef(1/prod(k=1, n-1, 1 - v[k]*x^k + O(x*x^n)), n)); apply(p->Vecrev(p/y), v)}
{ my(T=A(10)); for(n=1, #T, print(T[n])) } \\ Andrew Howroyd, Aug 26 2018

cp's OEIS Frontend

A358831 Number of twice-partitions of n into partitions with weakly decreasing lengths.

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A273866 Coefficients a(k,m) of polynomials a{k}(h) appearing in the product Product_{k >= 1} (1 - a{k}(h)*x^k) = 1 - h*x/(1-x).

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A281119 Number of complete tree-factorizations of n >= 2.

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Mathematica

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A301706 Number of rooted thrice-partitions of n.

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Mathematica

A330679 Number of balanced reduced multisystems whose atoms constitute an integer partition of n.

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Mathematica

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A300439 Number of odd enriched p-trees of weight n (all outdegrees are odd).

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Mathematica

PARI

A316624 Number of balanced p-trees with n leaves.

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Mathematica

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A273866 Coefficients a(k,m) of polynomials a{k}(h) appearing in the product Product_{k >= 1} (1 - a{k}(h)x^k) = 1 - hx/(1-x).