A205383 -id:A205383 - cp's OEIS frontend

A204892 Least k such that n divides s(k)-s(j) for some j in [1,k), where s(k)=prime(k).

2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 7, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 10, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 13, 9, 9, 10, 16, 10, 16, 10, 10, 11, 11, 12, 19, 12, 20, 12, 12, 13, 22, 13, 13, 14, 14, 15, 24, 15, 15, 16, 25, 16, 26, 16, 16, 17, 29, 17, 30, 17, 17, 18, 18, 19, 31, 19, 32, 19, 19, 20, 33, 20, 20, 21

Offset: 1

Clark Kimberling, Jan 20 2012

nonn

Suppose that (s(i)) is a strictly increasing sequence in the set N of positive integers. For i in N, let r(h) be the residue of s(i+h)-s(i) mod n, for h=1,2,...,n+1. There are at most n distinct residues r(h), so that there must exist numbers h and h' such that r(h)=r(h'), where 0<=h

Corollary: for each n, there are infinitely many pairs (j,k) such that n divides s(k)-s(j), and this result holds if s is assumed unbounded, rather than strictly increasing.

Guide to related sequences:

...

s(n)=prime(n), primes

... k(n), j(n): A204892, A204893

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A204894, A204895

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A204896, A204897

s(n)=prime(n+1), odd primes

... k(n), j(n): A204900, A204901

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A204902, A204903

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A109043(?), A000034(?)

s(n)=prime(n+2), primes >=5

... k(n), j(n): A204908, A204909

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A204910, A204911

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A109043(?), A000034(?)

s(n)=prime(n)*prime(n+1) product of consecutive primes

... k(n), j(n): A205146, A205147

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205148, A205149

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205150, A205151

s(n)=(prime(n+1)+prime(n+2))/2: averages of odd primes

... k(n), j(n): A205153, A205154

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205372, A205373

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205374, A205375

s(n)=2^(n-1), powers of 2

... k(n), j(n): A204979, A001511(?)

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A204981, A006519(?)

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A204983(?), A204984

s(n)=2^n, powers of 2

... k(n), j(n): A204987, A204988

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A204989, A140670(?)

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A204991, A204992

s(n)=C(n+1,2), triangular numbers

... k(n), j(n): A205002, A205003

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205004, A205005

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205006, A205007

s(n)=n^2, squares

... k(n), j(n): A204905, A204995

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A204996, A204997

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A204998, A204999

s(n)=(2n-1)^2, odd squares

... k(n), j(n): A205378, A205379

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205380, A205381

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205382, A205383

s(n)=n(3n-1), pentagonal numbers

... k(n), j(n): A205138, A205139

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205140, A205141

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205142, A205143

s(n)=n(2n-1), hexagonal numbers

... k(n), j(n): A205130, A205131

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205132, A205133

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205134, A205135

s(n)=C(2n-2,n-1), central binomial coefficients

... k(n), j(n): A205010, A205011

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205012, A205013

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205014, A205015

s(n)=(1/2)C(2n,n), (1/2)*(central binomial coefficients)

... k(n), j(n): A205386, A205387

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205388, A205389

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205390, A205391

s(n)=n(n+1), oblong numbers

... k(n), j(n): A205018, A205028

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205029, A205030

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205031, A205032

s(n)=n!, factorials

... k(n), j(n): A204932, A204933

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A204934, A204935

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A204936, A204937

s(n)=n!!, double factorials

... k(n), j(n): A204982, A205100

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205101, A205102

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205103, A205104

s(n)=3^n-2^n

... k(n), j(n): A205000, A205107

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205108, A205109

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205110, A205111

s(n)=Fibonacci(n+1)

... k(n), j(n): A204924, A204925

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A204926, A204927

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A204928, A204929

s(n)=Fibonacci(2n-1)

... k(n), j(n): A205442, A205443

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205444, A205445

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205446, A205447

s(n)=Fibonacci(2n)

... k(n), j(n): A205450, A205451

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205452, A205453

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205454, A205455

s(n)=Lucas(n)

... k(n), j(n): A205114, A205115

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205116, A205117

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205118, A205119

s(n)=n*(2^(n-1))

... k(n), j(n): A205122, A205123

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205124, A205125

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205126, A205127

s(n)=ceiling[n^2/2]

... k(n), j(n): A205394, A205395

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205396, A205397

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205398, A205399

s(n)=floor[(n+1)^2/2]

... k(n), j(n): A205402, A205403

... s(k(n)),s(j(n)): A205404, A205405

... s(k(n))-s(j(n)): A205406, A205407

			Let s(k)=prime(k).  As in A204890, the ordering of differences s(k)-s(j), follows from the arrangement shown here:
k...........1..2..3..4..5...6...7...8...9
s(k)........2..3..5..7..11..13..17..19..23
...
s(k)-s(1)......1..3..5..9..11..15..17..21..27
s(k)-s(2).........2..4..8..10..14..16..20..26
s(k)-s(3)............2..6..8...12..14..18..24
s(k)-s(4)...............4..6...10..12..16..22
...
least (k,j) such that 1 divides s(k)-s(j) for some j is (2,1), so a(1)=2.
least (k,j) such that 2 divides s(k)-s(j): (3,2), so a(2)=3.
least (k,j) such that 3 divides s(k)-s(j): (3,1), so a(3)=3.

Charles R Greathouse IV, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000

Cf. A000040, A204890.

s[n_] := s[n] = Prime[n]; z1 = 400; z2 = 50;
Table[s[n], {n, 1, 30}]          (* A000040 *)
u[m_] := u[m] = Flatten[Table[s[k] - s[j],
   {k, 2, z1}, {j, 1, k - 1}]][[m]]
Table[u[m], {m, 1, z1}]          (* A204890 *)
v[n_, h_] := v[n, h] = If[IntegerQ[u[h]/n], h, 0]
w[n_] := w[n] = Table[v[n, h], {h, 1, z1}]
d[n_] := d[n] = First[Delete[w[n],
   Position[w[n], 0]]]
Table[d[n], {n, 1, z2}]          (* A204891 *)
k[n_] := k[n] = Floor[(3 + Sqrt[8 d[n] - 1])/2]
m[n_] := m[n] = Floor[(-1 + Sqrt[8 n - 7])/2]
j[n_] := j[n] = d[n] - m[d[n]] (m[d[n]] + 1)/2
Table[k[n], {n, 1, z2}]          (* A204892 *)
Table[j[n], {n, 1, z2}]          (* A204893 *)
Table[s[k[n]], {n, 1, z2}]       (* A204894 *)
Table[s[j[n]], {n, 1, z2}]       (* A204895 *)
Table[s[k[n]] - s[j[n]], {n, 1, z2}]     (* A204896 *)
Table[(s[k[n]] - s[j[n]])/n, {n, 1, z2}] (* A204897 *)
(* Program 2: generates A204892 and A204893 rapidly *)
s = Array[Prime[#] &, 120];
lk = Table[NestWhile[# + 1 &, 1, Min[Table[Mod[s[[#]] - s[[j]], z], {j, 1, # - 1}]] =!= 0 &], {z, 1, Length[s]}]
Table[NestWhile[# + 1 &, 1, Mod[s[[lk[[j]]]] - s[[#]], j] =!= 0 &], {j, 1, Length[lk]}]
(* Peter J. C. Moses, Jan 27 2012 *)

a(n)=forprime(p=n+2,,forstep(k=p%n,p-1,n,if(isprime(k), return(primepi(p))))) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Mar 20 2013

A205378 Least k such that n divides s(k)-s(j) for some j

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 2, 3, 2, 4, 3, 5, 2, 5, 4, 7, 3, 8, 5, 6, 3, 10, 5, 11, 4, 7, 7, 13, 3, 8, 8, 8, 5, 16, 6, 17, 5, 9, 10, 9, 5, 20, 11, 10, 4, 22, 7, 23, 7, 10, 13, 25, 4, 11, 8, 12, 8, 28, 8, 11, 5, 13, 16, 31, 6

Offset: 1

Clark Kimberling, Jan 26 2012

nonn

See A204892 for a discussion and guide to related sequences.

Cf. A016754, A204892, A205383.

s[n_] := s[n] = (2 n - 1)^2; z1 = 600; z2 = 60;
Table[s[n], {n, 1, 30}]     (* A016754, odd squares *)
u[m_] :=  u[m] = Flatten[Table[s[k] - s[j], {k, 2, z1}, {j, 1, k - 1}]][[m]]
Table[u[m], {m, 1, z1}]     (* A205376 *)
%/8                         (* A049777 *)
v[n_, h_] := v[n, h] = If[IntegerQ[u[h]/n], h, 0]
w[n_] := w[n] = Table[v[n, h], {h, 1, z1}]
d[n_] := d[n] = First[Delete[w[n], Position[w[n], 0]]]
Table[d[n], {n, 1, z2}]     (* A205377 *)
k[n_] := k[n] = Floor[(3 + Sqrt[8 d[n] - 1])/2]
m[n_] := m[n] = Floor[(-1 + Sqrt[8 n - 7])/2]
j[n_] := j[n] = d[n] - m[d[n]] (m[d[n]] + 1)/2
Table[k[n], {n, 1, z2}]     (* A205378 *)
Table[j[n], {n, 1, z2}]     (* A205379 *)
Table[s[k[n]], {n, 1, z2}]  (* A205380 *)
Table[s[j[n]], {n, 1, z2}]  (* A205381 *)
Table[s[k[n]] - s[j[n]], {n, 1, z2}]      (* A205382 *)
Table[(s[k[n]] - s[j[n]])/n, {n, 1, z2}]  (* A205383 *)

A213268 Denominators of the Inverse semi-binomial transform of A001477(n) read downwards antidiagonals.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 4, 4, 1, 2, 2, 8, 2, 1, 1, 4, 1, 16, 16, 1, 2, 1, 8, 8, 32, 16, 1, 1, 4, 4, 16, 8, 64, 64, 1, 2, 2, 8, 4, 32, 32, 128, 16, 1, 1, 4, 2, 16, 16, 64, 8, 256, 256, 1, 2, 1, 8, 8, 32, 4, 128, 128, 512, 256, 1, 1, 4, 4, 16, 2, 64, 64, 256, 128, 1024, 1024

Offset: 0

Paul Curtz, Jun 08 2012

Starting from any sequence a(k) in the first row, define the array T(n,k) of the inverse semi-binomial transform  by T(0,k) = a(k), T(n,k) = T(n-1,k+1) -T(n-1,k)/2, n>=1.
Here, where the first row is the nonnegative integers, the array is
0        1      2      3    4      5      6      7     8   =A001477(n)
1       3/2     2    5/2    3    7/2      4    9/2     5   =A026741(n+2)/A000034(n)
1       5/4   3/2    7/4    2    9/4    5/2   11/4     3   =A060819(n+4)/A176895(n)
3/4     7/8     1    9/8  5/4   11/8    3/2   13/8   7/4   =A106609(n+6)/A205383(n+6)
1/2    9/16   5/8  11/16  3/4  13/16    7/8  15/16     1   =A106617(n+8)/TBD
5/16  11/32   3/8  13/32 7/16  15/32    1/2  17/32  9/16
3/16  13/64  7/32  15/64  1/4  17/64   9/32  19/64  5/16
7/64 15/128   1/8 17/128 9/64 19/128   5/32 21/128 11/64
1/16 17/256 9/128 19/256 5/64 21/256 11/128 23/256  3/32.
The first column contains 0, followed by fractions A000265/A084623, that is Oresme numbers n/2^n multiplied by 2 (see A209308).

			The array of denominators starts:
  1   1   1   1   1   1   1   1   1   1   1 ...
  1   2   1   2   1   2   1   2   1   2   1 ...
  1   4   2   4   1   4   2   4   1   4   2 ...
  4   8   1   8   4   8   2   8   4   8   1 ...
  2  16   8  16   4  16   8  16   1  16   8 ...
16  32   8  32  16  32   2  32  16  32   8 ...
16  64  32  64   4  64  32  64  16  64  32 ...
64 128   8 128  64 128  32 128  64 128  16 ...
16 256 128 256  64 256 128 256  32 256 128 ...
256 512 128 512 256 512  64 512 256 512 128 ...
All entries are powers of 2.

A213268frac := proc(n,k)
        if n = 0 then
                return k ;
        else
                return procname(n-1,k+1)-procname(n-1,k)/2 ;
        end if;
end proc:
A213268 := proc(n,k)
        denom(A213268frac(n,k)) ;
end proc: # R. J. Mathar, Jun 30 2012

T[0, k_] := k; T[n_, k_] := T[n, k] = T[n-1, k+1] - T[n-1, k]/2; Table[T[n-k, k] // Denominator, {n, 0, 11}, {k, n, 0, -1}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Sep 12 2014 *)

A205382 s(k)-s(j), where (s(k),s(j)) is the least such pair for which n divides their difference, and s(j)=(2j-1)^2.

Original entry on oeis.org

8, 8, 24, 8, 40, 24, 56, 8, 72, 40, 88, 24, 104, 56, 120, 16, 136, 72, 152, 40, 168, 88, 184, 24, 200, 104, 216, 56, 232, 120, 248, 32, 264, 136, 280, 72, 296, 152, 312, 40, 328, 168, 344, 88, 360, 184, 376, 48, 392, 200, 408, 104, 424, 216, 440, 56, 456

Offset: 1

Clark Kimberling, Jan 26 2012

nonn

Duplicate of A109049? For a guide to related sequences, see A204892.

Cf. A205383, A205378, A204892, A109049.

Mathematica
```
(See the program at A205378.)
```

a(n) = n*A205383(n). - Luce ETIENNE, Feb 19 2020

A226044 Period of length 8: 1, 64, 16, 64, 4, 64, 16, 64.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 64, 16, 64, 4, 64, 16, 64, 1, 64, 16, 64, 4, 64, 16, 64, 1, 64, 16, 64, 4, 64, 16, 64, 1, 64, 16, 64, 4, 64, 16, 64, 1, 64, 16, 64, 4, 64, 16, 64, 1, 64, 16, 64, 4, 64, 16, 64, 1, 64, 16, 64, 4, 64, 16, 64

Offset: 0

Paul Curtz, May 24 2013

A002378(n)/A016754(n) gives 0/1, 2/9, 6/25, 12/49, 20/81, 30/121, 42/169, 56/225,..., where A016754(n) = 4*A002378(n) + 1;
A142705(n)/A154615(n+1) gives 0/1, 3/16,  2/9,  15/64,  6/25,  35/144, 12/49,  63/256,..., where A142705(n) = 4*A154615(n+1) + A010685(n);
A061037(n)/A061038(n) gives 0/1, 5/36,  3/16, 21/100, 2/9,   45/196, 15/64,  77/324,..., where A061038(n) = 4*A061037(n) + A177499(n);
A225948(n)/A226008(n) gives 0/1, 9/100, 5/36, 33/196, 3/16,  65/324, 21/100, 105/484,..., where A226008(n) = 4*A225948(n) + a(n).
See also the triangle in Example lines.

			Triangle in which the terms of each line are repeated:
A000012: 1,   ...
A010685: 1,   4,  ...
A177499: 1,  16,  4,  16,  ...
A226044: 1,  64, 16,  64,  4,  64, 16,  64, ...
         1, 256, 64, 256, 16, 256, 64, 256, 4, 256, 64, 256, 16, 256, 64, 256, ...

Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1).

Cf. A010685, A177499, A205383, A225948.

Table[{1, 64, 16, 64, 4, 64, 16, 64}, {7}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, May 24 2013 *)

a(n) = A205383(n+7)^2.

G.f.: (1+64*x+16*x^2+64*x^3+4*x^4+64*x^5+16*x^6+64*x^7)/((1-x)*(1+x)*(1+x^2)*(1+x^4)). [Bruno Berselli, May 25 2013]

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cp's OEIS Frontend

A204892 Least k such that n divides s(k)-s(j) for some j in [1,k), where s(k)=prime(k).

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A205378 Least k such that n divides s(k)-s(j) for some j

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A213268 Denominators of the Inverse semi-binomial transform of A001477(n) read downwards antidiagonals.

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A205382 s(k)-s(j), where (s(k),s(j)) is the least such pair for which n divides their difference, and s(j)=(2j-1)^2.

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A226044 Period of length 8: 1, 64, 16, 64, 4, 64, 16, 64.

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