cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

Showing 1-10 of 28 results. Next

A095983 Number of 2-edge-connected labeled graphs on n nodes.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 1, 10, 253, 11968, 1047613, 169181040, 51017714393, 29180467201536, 32121680070545657, 68867078000231169536, 290155435185687263172693, 2417761175748567327193407488, 40013922635723692336670167608181, 1318910073755307133701940625759574016
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Yifei Chen (yifei(AT)mit.edu), Jul 17 2004

Keywords

Comments

From Falk Hüffner, Jun 28 2018: (Start)
Essentially the same sequence arises as the number of connected bridgeless labeled graphs (graphs that are k-edge connected for k >= 2, starting elements of this sequence are 1, 1, 0, 1, 10, 253, 11968, ...).
Labeled version of A007146. (End)
The spanning edge-connectivity of a graph is the minimum number of edges that must be removed (without removing incident vertices) to obtain a graph that is disconnected or covers fewer vertices. This sequence counts graphs with spanning edge-connectivity >= 2, which, for n > 1, are connected graphs with no bridges. - Gus Wiseman, Sep 20 2019

Crossrefs

The unlabeled version is A007146.
Row sums of A327069 if the first two columns are removed.
BII-numbers of set-systems with spanning edge-connectivity >= 2 are A327109.
Graphs with spanning edge-connectivity 2 are A327146.
Graphs with non-spanning edge-connectivity >= 2 are A327200.
2-vertex-connected graphs are A013922.
Graphs without endpoints are A059167.
Graphs with spanning edge-connectivity 1 are A327071.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    seq[n_] := Module[{v, p, q, c}, v[_] = 0; p = x*D[#, x]& @ Log[ Sum[ 2^Binomial[k, 2]*x^k/k!, {k, 0, n}] + O[x]^(n+1)]; q = x*E^p; p -= q; For[k = 3, k <= n, k++, c = Coefficient[p, x, k]; v[k] = c*(k-1)!; p -= c*q^k]; Join[{0}, Array[v, n]]];
    seq[16] (* Jean-François Alcover, Aug 13 2019, after Andrew Howroyd *)
    csm[s_]:=With[{c=Select[Subsets[Range[Length[s]],{2}],Length[Intersection@@s[[#]]]>0&]},If[c=={},s,csm[Sort[Append[Delete[s,List/@c[[1]]],Union@@s[[c[[1]]]]]]]]];
    spanEdgeConn[vts_,eds_]:=Length[eds]-Max@@Length/@Select[Subsets[eds],Union@@#!=vts||Length[csm[#]]!=1&];
    Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{2}]],spanEdgeConn[Range[n],#]>=2&]],{n,0,5}] (* Gus Wiseman, Sep 20 2019 *)
  • PARI
    \\ here p is initially A053549, q is A198046 as e.g.f.s.
    seq(n)={my(v=vector(n));
    my(p=x*deriv(log(sum(k=0, n, 2^binomial(k, 2) * x^k / k!) + O(x*x^n))));
    my(q=x*exp(p)); p-=q;
    for(k=3, n, my(c=polcoeff(p,k)); v[k]=c*(k-1)!; p-=c*q^k);
    concat([0],v)} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Jun 18 2018
    
  • PARI
    seq(n)={my(p=x*deriv(log(sum(k=0, n, 2^binomial(k, 2) * x^k / k!) + O(x*x^n)))); Vec(serlaplace(log(x/serreverse(x*exp(p)))/x-1), -(n+1))} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Dec 28 2020

Formula

a(n) = A001187(n) - A327071(n). - Gus Wiseman, Sep 20 2019

Extensions

Name corrected and more terms from Pavel Irzhavski, Nov 01 2014
Offset corrected by Falk Hüffner, Jun 17 2018
a(12)-a(16) from Andrew Howroyd, Jun 18 2018

A327071 Number of labeled simple connected graphs with n vertices and at least one bridge, or graphs with spanning edge-connectivity 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 3, 28, 475, 14736, 818643, 82367552, 15278576679, 5316021393280, 3519977478407687, 4487518206535452672, 11116767463976825779115, 53887635281876408097483776, 513758302006787897939587736715, 9668884580476067306398361085853696
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Aug 24 2019

Keywords

Comments

A bridge is an edge that, if removed without removing any incident vertices, disconnects the graph. Connected graphs with no bridges are counted by A095983 (2-edge-connected graphs).
The spanning edge-connectivity of a graph is the minimum number of edges that must be removed (without removing incident vertices) to obtain a disconnected or empty graph.

Crossrefs

Column k = 1 of A327069.
The unlabeled version is A052446.
Connected graphs without bridges are A007146.
The enumeration of labeled connected graphs by number of bridges is A327072.
Connected graphs with exactly one bridge are A327073.
Graphs with non-spanning edge-connectivity 1 are A327079.
BII-numbers of set-systems with spanning edge-connectivity 1 are A327111.
Covering set-systems with spanning edge-connectivity 1 are A327145.
Graphs with spanning edge-connectivity 2 are A327146.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    csm[s_]:=With[{c=Select[Tuples[Range[Length[s]],2],And[OrderedQ[#],UnsameQ@@#,Length[Intersection@@s[[#]]]>0]&]},If[c=={},s,csm[Sort[Append[Delete[s,List/@c[[1]]],Union@@s[[c[[1]]]]]]]]];
    spanEdgeConn[vts_,eds_]:=Length[eds]-Max@@Length/@Select[Subsets[eds],Union@@#!=vts||Length[csm[#]]!=1&];
    Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{2}]],spanEdgeConn[Range[n],#]==1&]],{n,0,4}]

Formula

a(1) = 0; a(n > 1) = A001187(n) - A095983(n).

A052446 Number of unlabeled simple connected bridged graphs on n nodes.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 1, 3, 10, 52, 351, 3714, 63638, 1912203, 103882478, 10338614868, 1892863194064, 639799762452639, 400857034314325045, 467526363203064793081, 1019286659457016864347582, 4170114225096278323394128049, 32130213534058019378134295287305
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Eric W. Weisstein, May 08 2000

Keywords

Comments

These are unlabeled connected graphs with spanning edge-connectivity 1, where the spanning edge-connectivity of a graph is the minimum number of edges that must be removed (without removing incident vertices) to obtain a disconnected or empty graph. - Gus Wiseman, Sep 02 2019

Crossrefs

Cf. other k-edge-connected unlabeled graph sequences A052446, A052447, A052448, A241703, A241704, A241705.
Cf. A001349 (number of simple connected graphs).
Cf. A007146 (number of simple connected bridgeless graphs).
Cf. A263914 (number of simple bridgeless graphs).
Cf. A263915 (number of simple bridged graphs).
Column k = 1 of A263296.
Row sums of A327077 if the first column is removed.
BII-numbers of set-systems with spanning edge-connectivity 1 are A327111.
The labeled version is A327071.

Programs

Formula

a(n) = A001349(n) - A007146(n).

Extensions

a(8) and a(9) and better description by Eric W. Weisstein, Nov 07 2010
a(10) from the Encyclopedia of Finite Graphs by Travis Hoppe and Anna Petrone, Apr 22 2014
Additional terms from A001349 and A007146 by Eric W. Weisstein, Oct 29 2015
a(18)-a(22) from A001349 and A007146 by Jean-François Alcover, Nov 09 2019

A263296 Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) is the number of graphs with n vertices with edge connectivity k.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 5, 3, 2, 1, 13, 10, 8, 2, 1, 44, 52, 41, 15, 3, 1, 191, 351, 352, 121, 25, 3, 1, 1229, 3714, 4820, 2159, 378, 41, 4, 1, 13588, 63638, 113256, 68715, 14306, 1095, 65, 4, 1, 288597, 1912203, 4602039, 3952378, 1141575, 104829, 3441, 100, 5, 1
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Christian Stump, Oct 13 2015

Keywords

Comments

This is spanning edge-connectivity. The spanning edge-connectivity of a graph is the minimum number of edges that must be removed (without removing incident vertices) to obtain a graph that is disconnected or covers fewer vertices. The non-spanning edge-connectivity of a graph (A327236) is the minimum number of edges that must be removed to obtain a graph whose edge-set is disconnected or empty. Compare to vertex-connectivity (A259862). - Gus Wiseman, Sep 03 2019

Examples

			Triangle begins:
     1;
     1,    1;
     2,    1,    1;
     5,    3,    2,    1;
    13,   10,    8,    2,   1;
    44,   52,   41,   15,   3,  1;
   191,  351,  352,  121,  25,  3, 1;
  1229, 3714, 4820, 2159, 378, 41, 4, 1;
  ...
		

Crossrefs

Row sums give A000088, n >= 1.
Number of graphs with edge connectivity at least k for k=1..10 are A001349, A007146, A324226, A324227, A324228, A324229, A324230, A324231, A324232, A324233.
The labeled version is A327069.

Extensions

a(22)-a(55) added by Andrew Howroyd, Aug 11 2019

A322395 Number of labeled simple connected graphs with n vertices whose bridges are all leaves, meaning at least one end of any bridge is an endpoint of the graph.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 4, 26, 548, 22504, 1708336, 241874928, 65285161232, 34305887955616, 35573982726480064, 73308270568902715136, 301210456065963448091072, 2471487759846321319412778624, 40526856087731237340916330352896, 1328570640536613080046570271722309632
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Dec 06 2018

Keywords

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Mathematica
    nmax = 16;
    seq[n_] := Module[{v, p, q, c}, v[_] = 0; p = x*D[#, x]& @ Log[Sum[ 2^Binomial[k, 2]*x^k/k!, {k, 0, n}] + O[x]^(n + 1)]; q = x*E^p; p -= q; For[k = 3, k <= n, k++, c = Coefficient[p, x, k]; v[k] = c*(k - 1)!; p -= c*q^k]; Join[{0}, Array[v, n]]];
    A095983 = seq[nmax];
    a[n_] := If[n<3, 1, n+Sum[Binomial[n, k]*A095983[[k+1]]*k^(n-k), {k, 1, n}]];
    a /@ Range[0, nmax] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jan 07 2021, after Andrew Howroyd *)

Formula

a(n) = n + Sum_{k=1..n} binomial(n,k)*A095983(k)*k^(n-k) for n >= 3. - Andrew Howroyd, Dec 07 2018

Extensions

a(6)-a(16) from Andrew Howroyd, Dec 07 2018

A059166 Number of n-node connected labeled graphs without endpoints.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 0, 1, 10, 253, 12058, 1052443, 169488200, 51045018089, 29184193354806, 32122530765469967, 68867427921051098084, 290155706369032525823085, 2417761578629525173499004146, 40013923790443379076988789688611, 1318910080173114018084245406769861936
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Vladeta Jovovic, Jan 12 2001

Keywords

References

  • Miklos Bona, editor, Handbook of Enumerative Combinatorics, CRC Press, 2015, p. 404.

Crossrefs

Cf. A059167 (n-node labeled graphs without endpoints), A004108 (n-node connected unlabeled graphs without endpoints), A004110 (n-node unlabeled graphs without endpoints).

Programs

  • Maple
    c:= proc(n) option remember; `if`(n=0, 1, 2^(n*(n-1)/2)-
          add(k*binomial(n, k)*2^((n-k)*(n-k-1)/2)*c(k), k=1..n-1)/n)
        end:
    a:= n-> max(0, add((-1)^i*binomial(n, i)*c(n-i)*(n-i)^i, i=0..n)):
    seq(a(n), n=0..20);  # Alois P. Heinz, Oct 27 2017
  • Mathematica
    Flatten[{1,1,0,Table[n!*Sum[(-1)^(n-j)*SeriesCoefficient[1+Log[Sum[2^(k*(k-1)/2)*x^k/k!,{k,0,j}]],{x,0,j}]*j^(n-j)/(n-j)!,{j,0,n}],{n,3,15}]}] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, May 14 2015 *)
    c[0] = 1; c[n_] := c[n] = 2^(n*(n-1)/2) - Sum[k*Binomial[n, k]*2^((n-k)*(n - k - 1)/2)*c[k], {k, 1, n-1}]/n; a[0] = a[1] = 1; a[2] = 0; a[n_] := Sum[(-1)^i*Binomial[n, i]*c[n-i]*(n-i)^i, {i, 0, n}]; Table[a[n], {n, 0, 15}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 27 2017, using Alois P. Heinz's code for c(n) *)
  • PARI
    seq(n)={Vec(serlaplace(1 + x^2/2 + log(sum(k=0, n, 2^binomial(k, 2)*(x*exp(-x + O(x^n)))^k/k!))))} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Sep 09 2018

Formula

a(n) = Sum_{i=0..n} (-1)^i*binomial(n, i)*c(n-i)*(n-i)^i, for n>2, a(0)=1, a(1)=1, a(2)=0, where c(n) is number of n-node connected labeled graphs (cf. A001187).
E.g.f.: 1 + x^2/2 + log(Sum_{n >= 0} 2^binomial(n, 2)*(x*exp(-x))^n/n!).
a(n) ~ 2^(n*(n-1)/2). - Vaclav Kotesovec, May 14 2015
Logarithmic transform of A100743, if we assume a(1) = 0. - Gus Wiseman, Aug 15 2019

Extensions

More terms from John Renze (jrenze(AT)yahoo.com), Feb 01 2001

A261919 Number of n-node unlabeled graphs without isolated nodes or endpoints (i.e., no nodes of degree 0 or 1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 0, 1, 3, 11, 62, 510, 7459, 197867, 9808968, 902893994, 153723380584, 48443158427276, 28363698856991892, 30996526139142442460, 63502034434187094606966, 244852545450108200518282934, 1783161611521019613186341526720, 24603891216946828886755056314074748
Offset: 0

Views

Author

N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 15 2015

Keywords

Examples

			From _Gus Wiseman_, Aug 15 2019: (Start)
Non-isomorphic representatives of the a(0) = 1 through a(5) = 11 graphs (empty columns not shown):
  {}  {12,13,23}  {12,13,24,34}        {12,13,24,35,45}
                  {13,14,23,24,34}     {12,14,25,34,35,45}
                  {12,13,14,23,24,34}  {12,15,25,34,35,45}
                                       {13,14,23,24,35,45}
                                       {12,13,24,25,34,35,45}
                                       {13,15,24,25,34,35,45}
                                       {14,15,24,25,34,35,45}
                                       {12,13,15,24,25,34,35,45}
                                       {14,15,23,24,25,34,35,45}
                                       {13,14,15,23,24,25,34,35,45}
                                       {12,13,14,15,23,24,25,34,35,45}
(End)
		

References

  • F. Harary, Graph Theory, Wiley, 1969. See illustrations in Appendix 1.

Crossrefs

Cf. A004108 (connected version), A004110 (version allowing isolated nodes).
The labeled version is A100743.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    permcount[v_] := Module[{m = 1, s = 0, k = 0, t}, For[i = 1, i <= Length[v], i++, t = v[[i]]; k = If[i > 1 && t == v[[i - 1]], k + 1, 1]; m *= t*k; s += t]; s!/m];
    edges[v_] := Sum[GCD[v[[i]], v[[j]]], {i, 2, Length[v]}, {j, 1, i - 1}] + Total[Quotient[v, 2]];
    b[n_] := Sum[permcount[p]*2^edges[p]*Coefficient[Product[1-x^p[[i]], {i, 1, Length[p]}], x, n-k]/k!, {k, 1, n}, {p, IntegerPartitions[k]}]; b[0] = 1;
    a[n_] := b[n] - b[n-1];
    a /@ Range[0, 19] (* Jean-François Alcover, Sep 12 2019, after Andrew Howroyd in A004110 *)

Formula

First differences of A004110: a(n) = A004110(n)-A004110(n-1).
Euler transform of A004108, if we assume A004108(1) = 0. - Gus Wiseman, Aug 15 2019

Extensions

a(1)-a(11) computed by Brendan McKay, Sep 15 2015
a(12)-a(26) computed from A004110 by Max Alekseyev, Sep 16 2015
a(0) = 1 prepended by Gus Wiseman, Aug 15 2019

A327097 BII-numbers of set-systems with non-spanning edge-connectivity 2.

Original entry on oeis.org

5, 6, 17, 20, 24, 34, 36, 40, 48, 53, 54, 55, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 68, 71, 72, 80, 86, 87, 89, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 101, 103, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 113, 114, 115, 121, 122, 123, 257, 260, 272, 308, 309, 310, 311, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 326, 327, 342
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Aug 20 2019

Keywords

Comments

A binary index of n is any position of a 1 in its reversed binary expansion. The binary indices of n are row n of A048793. We define the set-system with BII-number n to be obtained by taking the binary indices of each binary index of n. Every set-system (finite set of finite nonempty sets) has a different BII-number. For example, 18 has reversed binary expansion (0,1,0,0,1), and since the binary indices of 2 and 5 are {2} and {1,3} respectively, the BII-number of {{2},{1,3}} is 18. Elements of a set-system are sometimes called edges.
The non-spanning edge-connectivity of a set-system is the minimum number of edges that must be removed (along with any isolated vertices) to result in a disconnected or empty set-system.

Examples

			The sequence of all set-systems with non-spanning edge-connectivity 2 together with their BII-numbers begins:
   5: {{1},{1,2}}
   6: {{2},{1,2}}
  17: {{1},{1,3}}
  20: {{1,2},{1,3}}
  24: {{3},{1,3}}
  34: {{2},{2,3}}
  36: {{1,2},{2,3}}
  40: {{3},{2,3}}
  48: {{1,3},{2,3}}
  53: {{1},{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}
  54: {{2},{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}
  55: {{1},{2},{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}
  60: {{1,2},{3},{1,3},{2,3}}
  61: {{1},{1,2},{3},{1,3},{2,3}}
  62: {{2},{1,2},{3},{1,3},{2,3}}
  63: {{1},{2},{1,2},{3},{1,3},{2,3}}
  65: {{1},{1,2,3}}
  66: {{2},{1,2,3}}
  68: {{1,2},{1,2,3}}
  71: {{1},{2},{1,2},{1,2,3}}
		

Crossrefs

Positions of 2's in A326787.
BII-numbers for vertex-connectivity 2 are A327082.
BII-numbers for non-spanning edge-connectivity 1 are A327099.
BII-numbers for non-spanning edge-connectivity > 1 are A327102.
BII-numbers for spanning edge-connectivity 2 are A327108.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    bpe[n_]:=Join@@Position[Reverse[IntegerDigits[n,2]],1];
    csm[s_]:=With[{c=Select[Tuples[Range[Length[s]],2],And[OrderedQ[#],UnsameQ@@#,Length[Intersection@@s[[#]]]>0]&]},If[c=={},s,csm[Sort[Append[Delete[s,List/@c[[1]]],Union@@s[[c[[1]]]]]]]]];
    edgeConn[y_]:=If[Length[csm[bpe/@y]]!=1,0,Length[y]-Max@@Length/@Select[Union[Subsets[y]],Length[csm[bpe/@#]]!=1&]];
    Select[Range[0,100],edgeConn[bpe[#]]==2&]

A327077 Triangle read by rows where T(n,k) is the number of unlabeled simple connected graphs with n vertices and k bridges.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 3, 1, 0, 2, 0, 11, 4, 3, 0, 3, 0, 60, 25, 14, 7, 0, 6, 0, 502, 197, 91, 34, 18, 0, 11, 0, 7403, 2454, 826, 267, 100, 44, 0, 23, 0, 197442, 48201, 11383, 2800, 831, 259, 117, 0, 47, 0
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Aug 26 2019

Keywords

Comments

A bridge is an edge that, if removed without removing any incident vertices, disconnects the graph. Unlabeled connected graphs with no bridges are counted by A007146 (unlabeled graphs with spanning edge-connectivity >= 2).

Examples

			Triangle begins:
     1
     1    0
     0    1   0
     1    0   1   0
     3    1   0   2   0
    11    4   3   0   3  0
    60   25  14   7   0  6  0
   502  197  91  34  18  0 11  0
  7403 2454 826 267 100 44  0 23 0
  ...
		

Crossrefs

The labeled version is A327072.
Row sums are A001349.
Row sums without the k = 0 column are A052446.
Column k = 0 is A007146, if we assume A007146(0) = 1.
Column k = 1 is A327074.
Column k = n - 1 is A000055.

Extensions

a(21)-a(54) from Andrew Howroyd, Aug 28 2019

A327073 Number of labeled simple connected graphs with n vertices and exactly one bridge.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 0, 12, 200, 7680, 506856, 58934848, 12205506096, 4595039095680, 3210660115278000, 4240401342141499392, 10743530775519296581944, 52808688280248604235191296, 507730995579614277599205009240, 9603347831901155679455061048606720, 358743609478638769812094362544644831968
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Aug 24 2019

Keywords

Comments

A bridge is an edge that, if removed without removing any incident vertices, disconnects the graph. Connected graphs with no bridges are counted by A095983 (2-edge-connected graphs).

Crossrefs

Column k = 1 of A327072.
The unlabeled version is A327074.
Connected graphs with no bridges are A007146.
Connected graphs whose bridges are all leaves are A322395.
Connected graphs with at least one bridge are A327071.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    csm[s_]:=With[{c=Select[Tuples[Range[Length[s]],2],And[OrderedQ[#],UnsameQ@@#,Length[Intersection@@s[[#]]]>0]&]},If[c=={},s,csm[Sort[Append[Delete[s,List/@c[[1]]],Union@@s[[c[[1]]]]]]]]];
    Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{2}]],Union@@#==Range[n]&&Length[csm[#]]==1&&Count[Table[Length[Union@@Delete[#,i]]1,{i,Length[#]}],True]==1&]],{n,0,5}]
  • PARI
    \\ See A095983.
    seq(n)={my(p=x*deriv(log(sum(k=0, n-1, 2^binomial(k, 2) * x^k / k!) + O(x^n)))); Vec(serlaplace(log(x/serreverse(x*exp(p)))^2/2), -(n+1)) } \\ Andrew Howroyd, Dec 28 2020

Formula

E.g.f.: (x + Sum_{k>=2} A095983(k)*x^k/(k-1)!)^2/2. - Andrew Howroyd, Aug 25 2019

Extensions

Terms a(6) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Aug 25 2019
Showing 1-10 of 28 results. Next