A057528 -id:A057528 - cp's OEIS frontend

A013663 Decimal expansion of zeta(5).

1, 0, 3, 6, 9, 2, 7, 7, 5, 5, 1, 4, 3, 3, 6, 9, 9, 2, 6, 3, 3, 1, 3, 6, 5, 4, 8, 6, 4, 5, 7, 0, 3, 4, 1, 6, 8, 0, 5, 7, 0, 8, 0, 9, 1, 9, 5, 0, 1, 9, 1, 2, 8, 1, 1, 9, 7, 4, 1, 9, 2, 6, 7, 7, 9, 0, 3, 8, 0, 3, 5, 8, 9, 7, 8, 6, 2, 8, 1, 4, 8, 4, 5, 6, 0, 0, 4, 3, 1, 0, 6, 5, 5, 7, 1, 3, 3, 3, 3

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

In a widely distributed May 2011 email, Wadim Zudilin gave a rebuttal to v1 of Kim's 2011 preprint: "The mistake (unfixable) is on p. 6, line after eq. (3.3). 'Without loss of generality' can be shown to work only for a finite set of n_k's; as the n_k are sufficiently large (and N is fixed), the inequality for epsilon is false." In a May 2013 email, Zudilin extended his rebuttal to cover v2, concluding that Kim's argument "implies that at least one of zeta(2), zeta(3), zeta(4) and zeta(5) is irrational, which is trivial." - Jonathan Sondow, May 06 2013

General: zeta(2*s + 1) = (A000364(s)/A331839(s)) * Pi^(2*s + 1) * Product_{k >= 1} (A002145(k)^(2*s + 1) + 1)/(A002145(k)^(2*s + 1) - 1), for s >= 1. - Dimitris Valianatos, Apr 27 2020

			1/1^5 + 1/2^5 + 1/3^5 + 1/4^5 + 1/5^5 + 1/6^5 + 1/7^5 + ... =
1 + 1/32 + 1/243 + 1/1024 + 1/3125 + 1/7776 + 1/16807 + ... = 1.036927755143369926331365486457...

John H. Conway and Richard K. Guy, The Book of Numbers, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1996. See p. 262.
Milton Abramowitz and Irene A. Stegun, eds., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, National Bureau of Standards Applied Math. Series 55, 1964 (and various reprintings), p. 811.

Milton Abramowitz and Irene A. Stegun, eds., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, National Bureau of Standards, Applied Math. Series 55, Tenth Printing, 1972 [alternative scanned copy].
Michael J. Dancs and Tian-Xiao He, An Euler-type formula for zeta(2k+1), Journal of Number Theory, Volume 118, Issue 2, June 2006, Pages 192-199.
Robert J. Harley, Zeta(3), Zeta(5), .., Zeta(99) 10000 digits (txt, 400 KB).
Yong-Cheol Kim, zeta(5) is irrational, arXiv:1105.0730 [math.CA], 2011. [Jonathan Vos Post, May 4, 2011].
Simon Plouffe, Computation of Zeta(5)
Simon Plouffe, Zeta(5), the sum(1/n**5, n=1..infinity) to 512 digits
Simon Plouffe, Other interesting computations at numberworld.org.
Zhi-Wei Sun, A curious hypergeometric series related to Riemann's zeta function, Question 486353 at MathOverflow, Jan. 21, 2025.
Chuanan Wei, Some fast convergent series for the mathematical constants zeta(4) and zeta(5), arXiv:2303.07887 [math.CO], 2023.
Wikipedia, Zeta constant
Wadim Zudilin, One of the numbers ζ(5), ζ(7), ζ(9), ζ(11) is irrational, Russ. Math. Surv., 56 (2001), 774-776.
Index entries for constants related to zeta

Cf. A013661, A002117, A013662, A013664, A013665, A013666, A013667, A013668, A013669, A013670, A013671, A013672, A013673, A013674, A013675, A013676, A013677, A013678, A293904.
Cf. A243264, A255323.
Cf. A023872, A023873, A248882, A255050, A255052, A057528, A260404.

RealDigits[Zeta[5], 10, 100][[1]] (* Alonso del Arte, Jan 13 2012 *)

PARI
```
zeta(5) \\ Michel Marcus, Apr 17 2016
```

From Peter Bala, Dec 04 2013: (Start)
Definition: zeta(5) = Sum_{n >= 1} 1/n^5.
zeta(5) = 2^5/(2^5 - 1)*(Sum_{n even} n^5*p(n)*p(1/n)/(n^2 - 1)^6 ), where p(n) = n^2 + 3. See A013667, A013671 and A013675. (End)
zeta(5) = Sum_{n >= 1} (A010052(n)/n^(5/2)) = Sum_{n >= 1} ((floor(sqrt(n)) - floor(sqrt(n-1)))/n^(5/2)). - Mikael Aaltonen, Feb 22 2015
zeta(5) = Product_{k>=1} 1/(1 - 1/prime(k)^5). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Apr 30 2020
From Artur Jasinski, Jun 27 2020: (Start)
zeta(5) = (-1/30)*Integral_{x=0..1} log(1-x^4)^5/x^5.
zeta(5) = (1/24)*Integral_{x=0..infinity} x^4/(exp(x)-1).
zeta(5) = (2/45)*Integral_{x=0..infinity} x^4/(exp(x)+1).
zeta(5) = (1/(1488*zeta(1/2)^5))*(-5*Pi^5*zeta(1/2)^5 + 96*zeta'(1/2)^5 - 240*zeta(1/2)*zeta'(1/2)^3*zeta''(1/2) + 120*zeta(1/2)^2*zeta'(1/2)*zeta''(1/2)^2 + 80*zeta(1/2)^2*zeta'(1/2)^2*zeta'''(1/2)- 40*zeta(1/2)^3*zeta''(1/2)*zeta'''(1/2) - 20*zeta(1/2)^3*zeta'(1/2)*zeta''''(1/2)+4*zeta(1/2)^4*zeta'''''(1/2)). (End).
From Peter Bala, Oct 29 2023: (Start)
zeta(3) = (8/45)*Integral_{x >= 1} x^3*log(x)^3*(1 + log(x))*log(1 + 1/x^x) dx =  (2/45)*Integral_{x >= 1} x^4*log(x)^4*(1 + log(x))/(1 + x^x) dx.
zeta(5) = 131/128 + 26*Sum_{n >= 1} (n^2 + 2*n + 40/39)/(n*(n + 1)*(n + 2))^5.
zeta(5) =  5162893/4976640 - 1323520*Sum_{n >= 1} (n^2 + 4*n + 56288/12925)/(n*(n + 1)*(n + 2)*(n + 3)*(n + 4))^5. Taking 10 terms of the series gives a value for zeta(5) correct to 20 decimal places.
Conjecture: for k >= 1, there exist rational numbers A(k), B(k) and c(k) such that zeta(5) = A(k) + B(k)*Sum_{n >= 1} (n^2 + 2*k*n + c(k))/(n*(n + 1)*...*(n + 2*k))^5. A similar conjecture can be made for the constant zeta(3). (End)
zeta(5) = (694/204813)*Pi^5 - Sum_{n >= 1} (6280/3251)*(1/(n^5*(exp(4*Pi*n)-1))) + Sum_{n >= 1} (296/3251)*(1/(n^5*(exp(5*Pi*n)-1))) - Sum_{n >= 1} (1073/6502)*(1/(n^5*(exp(10*Pi*n)-1))) + Sum_{n >= 1} (37/6502)*(1/(n^5*(exp(20*Pi*n)-1))). - Simon Plouffe, Jan 06 2024
From Peter Bala, Apr 27 2025: (Start)
zeta(5) = 1/5! * Integral_{x >= 0} x^5 * exp(x)/(exp(x) - 1)^2 dx = (16/15) * 1/5! * Integral_{x >= 0} x^5 * exp(x)/(exp(x) + 1)^2 dx.
zeta(5) = 1/6! * Integral_{x >= 0} x^6 * exp(x)*(exp(x) + 1)/(exp(x) - 1)^3 dx = 1/(3^3 * 5^2) * Integral_{x >= 0} x^6 * exp(x)*(exp(x) - 1)/(exp(x) + 1)^3 dx. (End)
zeta(5) = Sum_{i, j >= 1} 1/((i^4)*j*binomial(i+j, i)). More generally, zeta(n+1) = Sum_{i, j >= 1} 1/((i^n)*j*binomial(i+j, i)) for n >= 1. - Peter Bala, Aug 07 2025

A055462 Superduperfactorials: product of first n superfactorials.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 24, 6912, 238878720, 5944066965504000, 745453331864786829312000000, 3769447945987085350501386572267520000000000, 6916686207999802072984424331678589933649915805696000000000000000

Offset: 0

Henry Bottomley, Jun 26 2000

Next term has 92 digits and is too large to display.

Starting with offset 1, a(n) is a 'Matryoshka doll' sequence with alpha=1, the multiplicative counterpart to the additive A000332. The sequence for m with alpha<=m<=L is then computed as Prod_{n=alpha..m}(Prod_{k=alpha..n}(Prod_{i=alpha..k}(i))). - Peter Luschny, Jul 14 2009

			a(4) = 1!2!3!4!*1!2!3!*1!2!*1! = 288*12*2*1 = 6912.

Miles Seventh, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..20
Shyam Sunder Gupta, Fascinating Factorials, Exploring the Beauty of Fascinating Numbers, Springer (2025) Ch. 16, 411-442.

Cf. A000142, A000178, A002109, A036740, A255268, A255269, A306635.

Cf. A057527, A057528, A260404.

[n eq 0 select 1 else (&*[j^Binomial(n-j+2,2): j in [1..n]]): n in [0..10]]; // G. C. Greubel, Jan 31 2024

seq(mul(mul(mul(i, i=alpha..k), k=alpha..n), n=alpha..m), m=alpha..10); # Peter Luschny, Jul 14 2009

Table[Product[BarnesG[j], {j, k + 1}], {k, 10}] (* Jan Mangaldan, Mar 21 2013 *)
Table[Round[Exp[(n+2)*(n+3)*(2*n+5)/8] * Exp[PolyGamma[-3, n+3]] * BarnesG[n+3]^(n+3/2) / (Glaisher^(n+3) * (2*Pi)^((n+3)^2/4) * Gamma[n+3]^((n+2)^2/2))], {n, 0, 10}] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Feb 20 2015 after Jan Mangaldan *)
Nest[FoldList[Times,#]&,Range[0,15]!,2]  (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 14 2023 *)

a(n)=my(t=1);prod(k=2,n,t*=k!) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 28 2011

[product(j^binomial(n-j+2,2) for j in range(1,n+1)) for n in range(11)] # G. C. Greubel, Jan 31 2024

a(n) = a(n-1)*A000178(n) = Product_{i=1..n} (i!)^(n-i+1) = Product_{i=1..n} i^((n-i+1)*(n-i+2)/2).
log a(n) = (1/6) n^3 log n - (11/36) n^3 + O(n^2 log n). - Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 13 2012
a(n) = exp((6 + 13 n + 9 n^2 + 2 n^3 - 8*(n + 2)*log(A)-2*(n + 2)^2*log(2*Pi) + 4*(2 n + 1)*logG(n + 2) - 4*(n + 1)^2*logGamma(n + 2) + 8*psi(-3, n + 2))/8) where A is the Glaisher-Kinkelin constant, logG(z) is the logarithm of the Barnes G function (A000178), and psi(-3, z) is a polygamma function of negative order (i.e., the second iterated integral of logGamma(z)). - Jan Mangaldan, Mar 21 2013
a(n) ~ exp(Zeta(3)/(8*Pi^2) - (2*n+3)*(11*n^2 + 24*n - 3)/72) * n^((2*n+3)*(2*n^2 + 6*n + 3)/24) * (2*Pi)^((n+1)*(n+2)/4) / A^(n+3/2), where A = A074962 = 1.28242712910062263687... is the Glaisher-Kinkelin constant and Zeta(3) = A002117 = 1.2020569031595942853997... . - Vaclav Kotesovec, Feb 20 2015

a(9) from N. J. A. Sloane, Dec 15 2008

A259068 Decimal expansion of zeta'(-3) (the derivative of Riemann's zeta function at -3).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 5, 3, 7, 8, 5, 7, 6, 3, 5, 7, 7, 7, 4, 3, 0, 1, 1, 4, 4, 4, 1, 6, 9, 7, 4, 2, 1, 0, 4, 1, 3, 8, 4, 2, 8, 9, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 3, 9, 7, 4, 2, 2, 9, 5, 5, 0, 7, 0, 5, 9, 4, 4, 7, 0, 2, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 4, 5, 0, 1, 9, 9, 7, 9, 2, 4, 0, 6, 9, 5, 8, 6, 0, 9, 5, 1, 0, 3, 8, 7, 0, 8, 2, 5, 6, 8, 3, 2, 6, 7, 1, 2, 2, 4, 3

Offset: 0

Jean-François Alcover, Jun 18 2015

			0.0053785763577743011444169742104138428956644397422955070594470232233245...

Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants, Cambridge University Press, 2003, Section 2.15.1 Generalized Glaisher constants, p. 136-137.

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
Eric Weisstein's MathWorld, Riemann Zeta Function.
Wikipedia, Riemann Zeta Function
Index entries for constants related to zeta

Cf. A000335, A000391, A000417, A000428, A023872, A057527, A057528, A255050, A255052, A258350, A258351, A258352, A260404.

Join[{0, 0}, RealDigits[Zeta'[-3], 10, 105] // First]

zeta'(-n) = (BernoulliB(n+1)*HarmonicNumber(n))/(n+1) - log(A(n)), where A(n) is the n-th Bendersky constant, that is the n-th generalized Glaisher constant.
zeta'(-3) = -11/720 - log(A(3)), where A(3) is A243263.
Equals -11/720 + (gamma + log(2*Pi))/120 - 3*Zeta'(4)/(4*Pi^4), where gamma is the Euler-Mascheroni constant A001620. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 24 2015

A260404 6th level factorials: product of first n 5th level factorials.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 192, 6115295232, 15436756676507918107049554083840, 18356962141505758798331790171539976807981714702571497465907439808868887035904000000

Offset: 0

Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 24 2015

nonn

In general for k-th level factorials a(n) = Product_{j=1..n} j^C(n-j+k-1,k-1).

Cf. A000142, A000178, A055462, A057527, A057528.

Table[Product[i^Binomial[n-i+5,5],{i,1,n}],{n,0,10}]

a(n) ~ exp(137/720 - 11*n/16 - 737*n^2/480 - 53*n^3/48 - 421*n^4/1152 - 137*n^5/2400 - 49*n^6/14400 + (3 + n)*(15 + 12*n + 2*n^2)*Zeta(3)/(96*Pi^2) - (3 + n)*Zeta(5) / (32*Pi^4) + (17 + 12*n + 2*n^2)*Zeta'(-3)/24 + Zeta'(-5)/120) * n^(19087/60480 + n + 137*n^2/120 + 5*n^3/8 + 17*n^4/96 + n^5/40 + n^6/720) * (2*Pi)^((n+1)*(n+2)*(n+3)*(n+4)*(n+5)/240) / A^(137/60 + 15*n/4 + 17*n^2/8 + n^3/2 + n^4/24), where Zeta(3) = A002117, Zeta(5) = A013663, Zeta'(-3) = A259068, Zeta'(-5) = A259070 and A = A074962 is the Glaisher-Kinkelin constant.

A057527 4th level factorials: product of first n superduperfactorials.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 48, 331776, 79254226206720, 471092427871945743012986880000, 351177419973413722592573060611594181593855426560000000000

Offset: 0

Henry Bottomley, Sep 02 2000

In general for k-th level factorials a(n) =Product of first n (k-1)-th level factorials =Product[i^C(n-i+k-1,n-i)] over 1<=i<=n.

			a(4) =((4!*3!*2!*1!)*(3!*2!*1!)*(2!*1!)*(1!)) * ((3!*2!*1!)*(2!*1!)*(1!)) * ((2!*1!)*(1!)) * ((1!)) =24*6^3*2^6*1^10 =331776

Cf. A000142, A000178, A055462, A057528, A260404 for first, second, third, fifth and sixth level factorials.

Table[Product[i^Binomial[n-i+3,3],{i,1,n}],{n,0,10}] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 24 2015 *)
Nest[FoldList[Times,#]&,Range[0,8]!,3] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jan 08 2024 *)

a(n) =a(n-1)*A055462(n) =Product[i^A000332(n-i)] over 1<=i<=n.

a(n) ~ exp(11/72 - 5*n/6 - 4*n^2/3 - 11*n^3/18 - 25*n^4/288 + Zeta(3)*(n+2) / (8*Pi^2) + Zeta'(-3)/6) * n^(251/720 + n + 11*n^2/12 + n^3/3 + n^4/24) * (2*Pi)^((n+1)*(n+2)*(n+3)/12) / A^(11/6 + 2*n + n^2/2), where Zeta(3) = A002117, Zeta'(-3) = A259068 = 0.0053785763577743011444169742104138428956644397... and A = A074962 = 1.28242712910062263687534256886979... is the Glaisher-Kinkelin constant. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 24 2015

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A013663 Decimal expansion of zeta(5).

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A055462 Superduperfactorials: product of first n superfactorials.

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A259068 Decimal expansion of zeta'(-3) (the derivative of Riemann's zeta function at -3).

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A260404 6th level factorials: product of first n 5th level factorials.

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A057527 4th level factorials: product of first n superduperfactorials.

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A066121 Multi-level factorials: triangle with a(n,k)=a(n-1,k-1)*a(n-1,k) but with a(n,1)=n and a(n,n)=1.

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