A064001 -id:A064001 - cp's OEIS frontend

A005231 Odd abundant numbers (odd numbers m whose sum of divisors exceeds 2m).

945, 1575, 2205, 2835, 3465, 4095, 4725, 5355, 5775, 5985, 6435, 6615, 6825, 7245, 7425, 7875, 8085, 8415, 8505, 8925, 9135, 9555, 9765, 10395, 11025, 11655, 12285, 12705, 12915, 13545, 14175, 14805, 15015, 15435, 16065, 16695, 17325, 17955

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

nonn

While the first even abundant number is 12 = 2^2*3, the first odd abundant is 945 = 3^3*5*7, the 232nd abundant number.
Schiffman notes that 945+630k is in this sequence for all k < 52. Most of the first initial terms are of the form. Among the 1996 terms below 10^6, 1164 terms are of that form, and only 26 terms are not divisible by 5, cf. A064001. - M. F. Hasler, Jul 16 2016
From M. F. Hasler, Jul 28 2016: (Start)
Any multiple of an abundant number is again abundant, see A006038 for primitive terms, i.e., those which are not a multiple of an earlier term.
An odd abundant number must have at least 3 distinct prime factors, and 5 prime factors when counted with multiplicity (A001222), whence a(1) = 3^3*5*7. To see this, write the relative abundancy A(N) = sigma(N)/N = sigma[-1](N) as A(Product p_i^e_i) = Product (p_i-1/p_i^e_i)/(p_i-1) < Product p_i/(p_i-1).
See A115414 for terms not divisible by 3, A064001 for terms not divisible by 5, A112640 for terms coprime to 5*7, and A047802 for other generalizations.
As of today, we don't know of a difference between this set S of odd abundant numbers and the set S' of odd semiperfect numbers: Elements of S' \ S would be perfect (A000396), and elements of S \ S' would be weird (A006037), but no odd weird or perfect number is known. (End)
For any term m in this sequence, A064989(m) is also an abundant number (in A005101), and for any term x in A115414, A064989(x) is in this sequence. If there are no odd perfect numbers, then applying A064989 to these terms and sorting into ascending order gives A337386. - Antti Karttunen, Aug 28 2020
There exist infinitely many terms m such that 2*m+1 is also a term. An example of such a term is given by m = 985571808130707987847768908867571007187. - Max Alekseyev, Nov 16 2023

W. Dunham, Euler: The Master of Us All, The Mathematical Association of America Inc., Washington, D.C., 1999, p. 13.
R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, B2.
James J. Tattersall, Elementary Number Theory in Nine Chapters, Cambridge University Press, 1999, page 128.

Metin Sariyar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..32000 (terms 1..1000 from T. D. Noe)
Jill Britton, Perfect Number Analyzer.
L. E. Dickson, Finiteness of the odd perfect and primitive abundant numbers with n distinct prime factors, American Journal of Mathematics 35 (1913), pp. 413-422.
Mitsuo Kobayashi, Paul Pollack and Carl Pomerance, On the distribution of sociable numbers, Journal of Number Theory, Vol. 129, No. 8 (2009), pp. 1990-2009. See Theorem 10 on p. 2007.
Victor Meally, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, no date.
Walter Nissen, Abundancy : Some Resources.
Tyler Ross, A Perfect Number Generalization and Some Euclid-Euler Type Results, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 27 (2024), Article 24.7.5. See p. 10.
Jay L. Schiffman, Odd Abundant Numbers, Mathematical Spectrum, Volume 37, Number 2 (January 2005), pp 73-75.
Jay L. Schiffman and Christopher S. Simons, More Odd Abundant Sequences, Volume 38, Number 1 (September 2005), pp. 7-8.

Cf. A000203, A005835, A006038, A115414, A064001, A112640, A122036, A136446, A005101, A173490, A039725, A064989, A337386.

A005231 := proc(n) option remember ; local a ; if n = 1 then 945 ; else for a from procname(n-1)+2 by 2 do if numtheory[sigma](a) > 2*a then return a; end if; end do: end if; end proc: # R. J. Mathar, Mar 20 2011

fQ[n_] := DivisorSigma[1, n] > 2n; Select[1 + 2Range@ 9000, fQ] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Mar 20 2011 *)

je=[]; forstep(n=1,15000,2, if(sigma(n)>2*n, je=concat(je,n))); je

is_A005231(n)={bittest(n,0)&&sigma(n)>2*n} \\ M. F. Hasler, Jul 28 2016

list(lim)=my(v=List()); forfactored(n=945,lim\1, if(n[2][1,1]>2 && sigma(n,-1)>2, listput(v,n[1]))); Vec(v) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Apr 21 2022

a(n) ~ k*n for some constant k (perhaps around 500). - Charles R Greathouse IV, Apr 21 2022

482.8 < k < 489.8 (based on density bounds by Kobayashi et al., 2009). - Amiram Eldar, Jul 17 2022

More terms from James Sellers

A115414 Odd abundant numbers not divisible by 3.

Original entry on oeis.org

5391411025, 26957055125, 28816162375, 33426748355, 34393484125, 37739877175, 40342627325, 48150877775, 50866790975, 53356378075, 55959128225, 59305521275, 60711976325, 61164628525, 63395557225, 64899009175, 67275433225, 68972878975, 70088343325, 74922022175, 75665665075

Offset: 1

Sergio Pimentel, Mar 08 2006

nonn

An odd abundant number (A005231) not divisible by 3 must have at least 7 distinct prime factors (e.g., 5^4*7^2*11^2*13*17*19*23) and be >= 5*29#/3# = 5^2*7*11*13*17*19*23*29 = 5391411025 = A047802(2) = a(1). This is most easily seen by writing the relative abundancy A(N) = sigma(N)/2N = sigma[-1](N) as A(Product p_i^e_i) = (1/2)*Product (p_i-1/p_i^e_i)/(p_i-1) < (1/2)*Product p_i/(p_i-1). See A064001 for odd abundant numbers not divisible by 5. - M. F. Hasler, Jul 27 2016

This is not a subsequence of A248150. For example, 81324229811825 and 37182145^2 = 1382511906801025 are terms, with sigma(.) == 2 (mod 4) and sigma(.) == 3 (mod 4) respectively. - Amiram Eldar, Aug 24 2020

			a(1)=5391411025 because it is the smallest abundant number (sigma(n)/n =~ 2.003) that is not divisible by 2 or 3.

David A. Corneth, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..42320 (terms < 10^14, terms 1..394 from Donovan Johnson, terms 395..4343 from Giovanni Resta)
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Abundant Number

Cf. A005101, A005231, A064001, A112640, A112644, A248150, A325311.

is(n)=gcd(n,6)==1 && sigma(n,-1)>2 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 28 2016

Added missing term 55959128225 and a(14)-a(16) from Donovan Johnson, Dec 29 2008
a(17)-a(20) from Donovan Johnson, Dec 01 2011
More terms from M. F. Hasler, Jul 28 2016

A007684 Prime(n)...prime(a(n)) is the least product of consecutive primes that is non-deficient.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 6, 11, 21, 35, 51, 73, 98, 130, 167, 204, 249, 296, 347, 406, 471, 538, 608, 686, 768, 855, 950, 1050, 1156, 1266, 1377, 1495, 1621, 1755, 1898, 2049, 2194, 2347, 2504, 2670, 2837, 3013, 3194, 3380, 3573, 3771, 3974, 4187, 4401, 4625, 4856

Offset: 1

Walter Nissen

nonn

Subscript of the smallest primorial number that when divided by the (n-1)-th primorial number gives an abundant number.
Products of consecutive primes started with prime(a) up to prime(b) result in abundant squarefree numbers if b is large enough and provides perhaps the least squarefree solutions to Rivera Puzzle 329 and its generalization.
Adding a new prime p to the product increases the relative abundancy sigma(N)/N by a factor 1+1/p. This leads to a simple and fast algorithm, see the PARI code. - M. F. Hasler, Jul 30 2016

			n=1: a(1)=2 means that primorial(2)=6 divided by primorial(1-1)=1 gives the quotient 6/1=6 which is just non-deficient (being a perfect number);
n=3: a(n)=11 because prime(3)=5, primorial(11) = 2*3*5*...*29*31, primorial(3-1) = 2*3 = 6.
p#(11)/p#(2) = 3*5*7*11*13*17*19*23*29*31 = 33426748355 = q and sigma(q)/q = 2.00097 > 2 so q is an abundant number. Also p#(10)/p#(3-1) is not yet abundant.

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
H. W. Gould, A class of binomial sums and a series transform, Utilitas Math., 45 (1994), 71-83. (Annotated scanned copy) [Annotation on p. 82 references this A-number, but the triangle with that annotation is apparently A046900, unrelated to this entry. - _Andrey Zabolotskiy_, Jul 16 2022]
Carlos Rivera, Puzzle 329. Odd abundant numbers not divided by 2 or 3, The Prime Puzzles and Problems Connection.

Cf. A005100, A007686, A007702, A007707 (an essentially identical sequence).

Cf. A002110, A064001, A112640, A005101, A005231.

spr[x_, y_] :=Apply[Times, Table[(Prime[w]+1)/(Prime[w]), {w, x, y}]];
Table[Min[Flatten[Position[Table[Floor[spr[n, w]], {w, 1, 1000}], 2]]], {n, 1, 20}] (* Labos Elemer, Sep 19 2005 *)

a=1;i=0;for(n=1,99,while(2>a*=1+1/prime(i++),);print1(i",");a/=1+1/prime(n)) \\ M. F. Hasler, Jul 30 2016

a(n) is the minimal x such that floor(sigma(p#(x)/p#(n-1)) / (p#(x)/p#(n-1))) = 2, where p#(w) is the w-th primorial number, the product of first w prime numbers. For a>b, the p#(a)/p#(b)=A002110(a)/A002110(b) quotients are prime(b+1)*prime(b+2)*...*prime(a).

Additional comments from Labos Elemer, Sep 19 2005
More terms from Don Reble, Nov 10 2005
Edited by N. J. A. Sloane, Dec 22 2006

A112640 Odd abundant numbers divisible neither by 5 nor 7.

Original entry on oeis.org

28683369, 36165987, 38660193, 86050107, 108497961, 115980579, 131339637, 138428433, 140397543, 153393669, 160876287, 258150321, 277272567, 296394813, 315517059, 325493883, 347941737, 353761551, 372883797, 373715199, 392006043

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer, Sep 15 2005

nonn

Subsequence of A064001 which itself is a subsequence of A005231. All 500 terms in b-file are divisible by 99. Cf. also A047802. - Zak Seidov, Mar 30 2011
From Amiram Eldar, Aug 15 2024: (Start)
The least term that is not divisible by 99 is a(1718) = 21097921689.
The least term that is not divisible by 3 is 149#/7# = Product_{k=5..35} prime(k) = 7105630242567996762185122555313528897845637444413640621. (End)

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000 (terms 1..500 from Zak Seidov)
Carlos Rivera, Puzzle 329. Odd abundant numbers not divided by 2 or 3, The Prime Puzzles and Problems Connection.

Cf. A005231, A047802, A064001, A110585.

Do[If[Mod[n,5]>0&&Mod[n,7]>0&&DivisorSigma[1, n]>2n, Print[n]], {n, 28683369, 6*10^9,2}] (* Zak Seidov, Mar 30 2011 *)

is(n)=gcd(n,70)==1 && sigma(n,-1)>2 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Feb 21 2017

Extended by Ray Chandler, Sep 19 2005

A387165 Nondeficient numbers k for which A324644(k)/A324198(k) = 2.

Original entry on oeis.org

38745, 77805, 78435, 118755, 141075, 157815, 210735, 237195, 241605, 294975, 300105, 323505, 364455, 371925, 390195, 409185, 455715, 475335, 499905, 567945, 607635, 660825, 701415, 733005, 766395, 806085, 809325, 872235, 885465, 891135, 937755, 964845, 978705, 1101555, 1150065, 1201095, 1229445, 1265355, 1293705

Offset: 1

Antti Karttunen, Aug 28 2025

First three nonmultiples of 5 occur at a(138), a(276), a(356) = 4446981, 8909901, 11234223. (Cf. A005231, A064001).

Intersection of A023196 and A364286.
Cf. A000203, A276086.
Cf. also A371082, A386422, A387163 and A047802, A064001, A115414.

A276086(n) = { my(m=1, p=2); while(n, m *= (p^(n%p)); n = n\p; p = nextprime(1+p)); (m); };
is_A387165(n) = if(sigma(n)<2*n, 0, my(u=A276086(n)); (gcd(sigma(n),u)==2*gcd(n,u)));

{k | sigma(k) >= 2*k, A324644(k) = 2*A324198(k)}.

A112642 Primorial number quotients arising in A007684: a(n) = A002110(A007684(n))/A002110(n-1).

Original entry on oeis.org

6, 15015, 33426748355, 1357656019974967471687377449, 7105630242567996762185122555313528897845637444413640621, 1924344668948998025181489521338230544342953524990122861050411878226909135705454891961917517

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer, Sep 19 2005

nonn

These numbers are (perhaps the smallest) squarefree solutions to Puzzle 329 of Rivera; a(n) is abundant, not divisible by the first n-1 prime numbers, i.e., the least prime divisor of a(n) is the n-th prime number.

Duplicate of A007702.

			The corresponding sigma(a(n))/a(n) abundance ratios are as follows: 2, 2.14825, 2.00097, 2.01433, 2.00587, 2.00101, ...;
the terms have 2,3,5,7,11,... as least prime divisors.

Carlos Rivera, Puzzle 329. Odd abundant numbers not divided by 2 or 3, The Prime Puzzles and Problems Connection.

Cf. A007702, A002110, A007684, A064001, A110585, A112640.

a(n) = A002110(A007684(n))/A002110(n-1).

Term a(2) and name corrected by Andrey Zabolotskiy, Jul 16 2022

A380233 Odd abundant numbers not divisible by 5 that are also doublets (cf. A020338).

Original entry on oeis.org

153153, 171171, 189189, 207207, 243243, 261261, 279279, 297297, 351351, 459459, 513513, 567567, 621621, 729729, 783783, 837837, 891891, 999999, 1392313923, 1556115561, 1719917199, 1883718837, 2034920349, 2211322113, 2375123751, 2538925389, 2702727027, 3194131941, 4176941769, 4668346683

Offset: 1

Omar E. Pol, Jan 17 2025

There are 26 odd abundant numbers not divisible by 5 less than 10^6. The surprising fact is that 18 of them are doublets.

Another interesting fact is that here there are no terms with 8 digits.

Intersection of A064001 and A020338.

Cf. A005101, A005231, A047201.

doublet:= n -> n * (10^(1+ilog10(n))+1):
select(t -> numtheory:-sigma(t) > 2*t, [seq(seq(doublet(10*x+i),i=[1,3,7,9]),x=1..10000); # Robert Israel, Jan 17 2025

Select[Table[FromDigits[Join[#, #] &@ IntegerDigits[n]], {n, Select[Range[50000], CoprimeQ[#, 10] &]}], DivisorSigma[-1, #] > 2 &] (* Amiram Eldar, Jan 17 2025 *)

select(x->((x%5) && (sigma(x)>2*x)), vector(50000, n, eval(Str(2*n-1, 2*n-1)))) \\ Michel Marcus, Jan 17 2025

More terms from Michel Marcus, Jan 17 2025

A380232 Odd abundant numbers that are also doublets (cf. A020338).

Original entry on oeis.org

105105, 135135, 153153, 165165, 171171, 189189, 195195, 207207, 225225, 243243, 255255, 261261, 279279, 285285, 297297, 315315, 345345, 351351, 375375, 405405, 435435, 459459, 465465, 495495, 513513, 525525, 555555, 567567, 585585, 615615, 621621, 645645, 675675, 705705, 729729, 735735, 765765, 783783, 795795, 825825, 837837

Offset: 1

Omar E. Pol, Jan 17 2025

			a(1) = 105105 is an odd abundant number (cf. A005231) because it is and odd number and the sum of its divisors is equal to 229824 which exceeds 2*105105 = 210210. Also 105105 is a doublet (cf. A020338) because it is 105||105, that is the concatenation of 105 and 105, so 105105 is in the sequence.

Intersection of A005231 and A020338.
A subsequence is A380233.
Cf. A005101, A064001.

Select[Table[FromDigits[Join[#, #] &@ IntegerDigits[n]], {n, 1, 850, 2}], DivisorSigma[-1, #] > 2 &] (* Amiram Eldar, Jan 18 2025 *)

select(x->(sigma(x)>2*x), vector(1000, n, eval(Str(2*n-1, 2*n-1)))) \\ Michel Marcus, Jan 18 2025

cp's OEIS Frontend

A005231 Odd abundant numbers (odd numbers m whose sum of divisors exceeds 2m).

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

References

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Maple

Mathematica

PARI

PARI

PARI

Formula

Extensions

A115414 Odd abundant numbers not divisible by 3.

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Examples

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

PARI

Extensions

A007684 Prime(n)*...*prime(a(n)) is the least product of consecutive primes that is non-deficient.

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Examples

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Mathematica

PARI

Formula

Extensions

A112640 Odd abundant numbers divisible neither by 5 nor 7.

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Mathematica

PARI

Extensions

A387165 Nondeficient numbers k for which A324644(k)/A324198(k) = 2.

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

PARI

Formula

A112642 Primorial number quotients arising in A007684: a(n) = A002110(A007684(n))/A002110(n-1).

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Examples

Links

Crossrefs

Formula

Extensions

A380233 Odd abundant numbers not divisible by 5 that are also doublets (cf. A020338).

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Crossrefs

Programs

Maple

A007684 Prime(n)...prime(a(n)) is the least product of consecutive primes that is non-deficient.