A007185 -id:A007185 - cp's OEIS frontend

A016090 a(n) = 16^(5^n) mod 10^n: Automorphic numbers ending in digit 6, with repetitions.

6, 76, 376, 9376, 9376, 109376, 7109376, 87109376, 787109376, 1787109376, 81787109376, 81787109376, 81787109376, 40081787109376, 740081787109376, 3740081787109376, 43740081787109376, 743740081787109376, 7743740081787109376, 7743740081787109376

Offset: 1

Robert G. Wilson v, David W. Wilson

Also called congruent numbers.
a(n)^2 == a(n) (mod 10^n), that is, a(n) is idempotent of Z[10^n].
Conjecture: For any m coprime to 10 and for any k, the density of n such that a(n) == k (mod m) is 1/m. - Eric M. Schmidt, Aug 01 2012
a(n) is the unique positive integer less than 10^n such that a(n) is divisible by 2^n and a(n) - 1 is divisible by 5^n. - Eric M. Schmidt, Aug 18 2012

			a(5) = 09376 because 09376^2 == 87909376 ends in 09376.

R. Cuculière, Jeux Mathématiques, in Pour la Science, No. 6 (1986), 10-15.
V. deGuerre and R. A. Fairbairn, Automorphic numbers, J. Rec. Math., 1 (No. 3, 1968), 173-179.
R. A. Fairbairn, More on automorphic numbers, J. Rec. Math., 2 (No. 3, 1969), 170-174.
Jan Gullberg, Mathematics, From the Birth of Numbers, W. W. Norton & Co., NY, page 253-4.
Ya. I. Perelman, Algebra can be fun, pp. 97-98.
A. M. Robert, A Course in p-adic Analysis, Springer, 2000; see pp. 63, 419.
C. P. Schut, Idempotents. Report AM-R9101, Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica, Amsterdam, 1991.

Eric M. Schmidt, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
Robert Dawson, On Some Sequences Related to Sums of Powers, J. Int. Seq., Vol. 21 (2018), Article 18.7.6.
C. P. Schut, Idempotents, Report AM-R9101, Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science, Amsterdam, 1991. (Annotated scanned copy)
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Automorphic Number
Xiaolong Ron Yu, Curious Numbers, Pi Mu Epsilon Journal, Spring 1999, pp. 819-823.
Index entries for sequences related to automorphic numbers

A018248 gives the associated 10-adic number.

A003226 = {0, 1} union A007185 union (this sequence).

List([1..22], n->PowerModInt(16,5^n,10^n)); # Muniru A Asiru, Mar 20 2018

[Modexp(16, 5^n, 10^n): n in [1..30]]; // Bruno Berselli, Mar 13 2018

[seq(16 &^ 5^n mod 10^n, n=1..22)]; # Muniru A Asiru, Mar 20 2018

Array[PowerMod[16, 5^#, 10^#] &, 18] (* Michael De Vlieger, Mar 13 2018 *)

A016090(n)=lift(Mod(6,10^n)^5^(n-1)) \\ M. F. Hasler, Dec 05 2012, edited Jan 26 2020

[crt(0, 1, 2^n, 5^n) for n in range(1, 1001)] # Eric M. Schmidt, Aug 18 2012

a(n) = 16^(5^n) mod 10^n.
a(n+1) == 2*a(n) - a(n)^2 (mod 10^(n+1)). - Eric M. Schmidt, Jul 28 2012
a(n) = 6^(5^n) mod 10^n. - Sylvie Gaudel, Feb 17 2018
a(2*n) = (3*a(n)^2 - 2*a(n)^3) mod 10^(2*n). - Sylvie Gaudel, Mar 12 2018
a(n) = 6^5^(n-1) mod 10^n. - M. F. Hasler, Jan 26 2020
a(n) = 2^(10^n) mod 10^n for n >= 2. - Peter Bala, Nov 10 2022

Edited by David W. Wilson, Sep 26 2002

Definition corrected by M. F. Hasler, Dec 05 2012

A033819 Trimorphic numbers: n^3 ends with n. Also m-morphic numbers for all m > 5 such that m-1 is not divisible by 10 and m == 3 (mod 4).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 4, 5, 6, 9, 24, 25, 49, 51, 75, 76, 99, 125, 249, 251, 375, 376, 499, 501, 624, 625, 749, 751, 875, 999, 1249, 3751, 4375, 4999, 5001, 5625, 6249, 8751, 9375, 9376, 9999, 18751, 31249, 40625, 49999, 50001, 59375, 68751, 81249, 90624, 90625

Offset: 1

David W. Wilson

n is in this sequence iff it occurs in one of A002283, A007185, A016090, A198971, A199685, A216092, A216093, A224473, A224474, A224475, A224476, A224477, and A224478. - Eric M. Schmidt, Apr 08 2013

Let q(n) = floor(a(n)^3 / 10^A055642(a(n))), where A055642(n) is the number of digits in the decimal expansion of n. As well, let na and nb denote the indices of the preceding and next terms that begin with a 9. Then (1/q(n)) * (a(n)^4 - a(n)^3 - a(n)^2 + a(n)) - 2*a(n)^2 + a(n) + q(n) + 1 = a(na+nb-n)^2 - a(na+nb-n) - q(na+nb-n). - Christopher Hohl, Apr 08 2019

			376^3 = 53157376 which ends with 376.

S. Premchaud, A class of numbers, Math. Student, 48 (1980), 293-300.

Eric M. Schmidt, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
Robert Dawson, On Some Sequences Related to Sums of Powers, J. Int. Seq., Vol. 21 (2018), Article 18.7.6.
Shyam Sunder Gupta, Elegance of Squares, Cubes, and Higher Powers, Exploring the Beauty of Fascinating Numbers, Springer (2025) Ch. 2, 29-81.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Trimorphic Number
Index entries for sequences related to automorphic numbers

Cf. A074194, A215558 (cubes of the terms).

[n: n in [0..10^5] | Intseq(n^3)[1..#Intseq(n)] eq Intseq(n)]; // Bruno Berselli, Apr 04 2013

Do[x=Floor[N[Log[10, n], 25]]+1; If[Mod[n^3, 10^x] == n, Print[n]], {n, 1, 10000}]
Select[Range[100000],PowerMod[#,3,10^IntegerLength[#]]==#&](* Harvey P. Dale, Nov 04 2011 *)
Select[Range[0, 10^5], 10^IntegerExponent[#^3-#, 10]>#&] (* Jean-François Alcover, Apr 04 2013 *)

A224473 (2*5^(2^n) - 1) mod 10^n: a sequence of trimorphic numbers ending in 9.

Original entry on oeis.org

9, 49, 249, 1249, 81249, 781249, 5781249, 25781249, 425781249, 6425781249, 36425781249, 836425781249, 9836425781249, 19836425781249, 519836425781249, 2519836425781249, 12519836425781249, 512519836425781249, 4512519836425781249, 84512519836425781249

Offset: 1

Eric M. Schmidt, Apr 07 2013

a(n) is the unique positive integer less than 10^n such that a(n) - 1 is divisible by 2^n and a(n) + 1 is divisible by 5^n.

Eric M. Schmidt, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Trimorphic Number
Index entries for sequences related to automorphic numbers

Cf. A033819. Corresponding 10-adic number is A091661. The other trimorphic numbers ending in 9 are included in A002283, A198971 and A224475.

def A224473(n) : return crt(1, -1, 2^n, 5^n);

a(n) = (2 * A007185(n) - 1) mod 10^n.

A216093 a(n) = 10^n - (5^(2^n) mod 10^n).

Original entry on oeis.org

5, 75, 375, 9375, 9375, 109375, 7109375, 87109375, 787109375, 1787109375, 81787109375, 81787109375, 81787109375, 40081787109375, 740081787109375, 3740081787109375, 43740081787109375, 743740081787109375

Offset: 1

V. Raman, Sep 01 2012

nonn

a(n)^3 mod 10^n = a(n).
a(n) is the unique positive integer less than 10^n such that a(n) is divisible by 5^n and a(n) + 1 is divisible by 2^n. - Eric M. Schmidt, Sep 01 2012
a(n+1) + a(n)^2 == 0 (mod 10^(n+1)). - Robert Israel, Apr 24 2017

Robert Israel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..999

Cf. A007185, A016090, A216092, A091663, A018248.

f:= n -> (-5 &^(2^n) mod 10^n):
map(f, [$1..30]); # Robert Israel, Apr 24 2017

def A216093(n) : return crt(-1, 0, 2^n, 5^n) # Eric M. Schmidt, Sep 01 2012

2^(4*5^(n-1)) mod 10^n - 1.

A318960 One of the two successive approximations up to 2^n for 2-adic integer sqrt(-7). This is the 1 (mod 4) case.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 5, 5, 21, 53, 53, 181, 181, 181, 181, 181, 181, 181, 16565, 49333, 49333, 49333, 49333, 573621, 1622197, 1622197, 1622197, 10010805, 10010805, 10010805, 77119669, 211337397, 479772853, 479772853, 479772853, 2627256501, 6922223797, 15512158389, 15512158389

Offset: 2

Jianing Song, Sep 06 2018

nonn

a(n) is the unique number k in [1, 2^n] and congruent to 1 (mod 4) such that k^2 + 7 is divisible by 2^(n+1).

The 2-adic integers are very different from p-adic ones where p is an odd prime. For example, provided that there is at least one solution, the number of solutions to x^n = a over p-adic integers is gcd(n, p-1) for odd primes p and gcd(n, 2) for p = 2. For odd primes p, x^2 = a is solvable iff a is a quadratic residue modulo p, while for p = 2 it's solvable iff a == 1 (mod 8). If gcd(n, p-1) > 1 and gcd(a, p) = 1, then the solutions to x^n = a differ starting at the rightmost digit for odd primes p, while for p = 2 they differ starting at the next-to-rightmost digit. As a result, the formulas and the program here are different from those in other entries related to p-adic integers.

			The unique number k in [1, 4] and congruent to 1 modulo 4 such that k^2 + 7 is divisible by 8 is 1, so a(2) = 1.
a(2)^2 + 7 = 8 which is not divisible by 16, so a(3) = a(2) + 2^2 = 5.
a(3)^2 + 7 = 32 which is divisible by 32, so a(4) = a(3) = 5.
a(4)^2 + 7 = 32 which is divisible by 64, so a(5) = a(4) + 2^4 = 21.
a(5)^2 + 7 = 448 which is divisible by 128, so a(6) = a(5) + 2^5 = 53.
...

Jianing Song, Table of n, a(n) for n = 2..999 (offset corrected by Jianing Song)
G. P. Michon, Introduction to p-adic integers, Numericana.

Cf. A318962.
Expansions of p-adic integers:
this sequence, A318961 (2-adic, sqrt(-7));
A268924, A271222 (3-adic, sqrt(-2));
A268922, A269590 (5-adic, sqrt(-4));
A048898, A048899 (5-adic, sqrt(-1));
A290567 (5-adic, 2^(1/3));
A290568 (5-adic, 3^(1/3));
A290800, A290802 (7-adic, sqrt(-6));
A290806, A290809 (7-adic, sqrt(-5));
A290803, A290804 (7-adic, sqrt(-3));
A210852, A212153 (7-adic, (1+sqrt(-3))/2);
A290557, A290559 (7-adic, sqrt(2));
A286840, A286841 (13-adic, sqrt(-1));
A286877, A286878 (17-adic, sqrt(-1)).
Also expansions of 10-adic integers:
A007185, A010690 (nontrivial roots to x^2-x);
A216092, A216093, A224473, A224474 (nontrivial roots to x^3-x).

PARI
```
a(n) = truncate(-sqrt(-7+O(2^(n+1))))
```

a(2) = 1; for n >= 3, a(n) = a(n-1) if a(n-1)^2 + 7 is divisible by 2^(n+1), otherwise a(n-1) + 2^(n-1).
a(n) = 2^n - A318961(n).
a(n) = Sum_{i=0..n-1} A318962(i)*2^i.

Offset corrected by Jianing Song, Aug 28 2019

A318961 One of the two successive approximations up to 2^n for 2-adic integer sqrt(-7). This is the 3 (mod 4) case.

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 3, 11, 11, 11, 75, 75, 331, 843, 1867, 3915, 8011, 16203, 16203, 16203, 81739, 212811, 474955, 474955, 474955, 2572107, 6766411, 6766411, 23543627, 57098059, 57098059, 57098059, 57098059, 593968971, 1667710795, 1667710795, 1667710795, 1667710795, 18847579979

Offset: 2

Jianing Song, Sep 06 2018

nonn

a(n) is the unique number k in [1, 2^n] and congruent to 3 (mod 4) such that k^2 + 7 is divisible by 2^(n+1).

The 2-adic integers are very different from p-adic ones where p is an odd prime. For example, provided that there is at least one solution, the number of solutions to x^n = a over p-adic integers is gcd(n, p-1) for odd primes p and gcd(n, 2) for p = 2. For odd primes p, x^2 = a is solvable iff a is a quadratic residue modulo p, while for p = 2 it's solvable iff a == 1 (mod 8). If gcd(n, p-1) > 1 and gcd(a, p) = 1, then the solutions to x^n = a differ starting at the rightmost digit for odd primes p, while for p = 2 they differ starting at the next-to-rightmost digit. As a result, the formulas and the program here are different from those in other entries related to p-adic integers.

			The unique number k in [1, 4] and congruent to 3 modulo 4 such that k^2 + 7 is divisible by 8 is 3, so a(2) = 3.
a(2)^2 + 7 = 16 which is divisible by 16, so a(3) = a(2) = 3.
a(3)^2 + 7 = 16 which is not divisible by 32, so a(4) = a(3) + 2^3 = 11.
a(4)^2 + 7 = 128 which is divisible by 64, so a(5) = a(4) = 11.
a(5)^2 + 7 = 128 which is divisible by 128, so a(6) = a(5) = 11.
...

Jianing Song, Table of n, a(n) for n = 2..999 (offset corrected by Jianing Song)
G. P. Michon, Introduction to p-adic integers, Numericana.

Cf. A318963.
Expansions of p-adic integers:
A318960, this sequence (2-adic, sqrt(-7));
A268924, A271222 (3-adic, sqrt(-2));
A268922, A269590 (5-adic, sqrt(-4));
A048898, A048899 (5-adic, sqrt(-1));
A290567 (5-adic, 2^(1/3));
A290568 (5-adic, 3^(1/3));
A290800, A290802 (7-adic, sqrt(-6));
A290806, A290809 (7-adic, sqrt(-5));
A290803, A290804 (7-adic, sqrt(-3));
A210852, A212153 (7-adic, (1+sqrt(-3))/2);
A290557, A290559 (7-adic, sqrt(2));
A286840, A286841 (13-adic, sqrt(-1));
A286877, A286878 (17-adic, sqrt(-1)).
Also expansions of 10-adic integers:
A007185, A010690 (nontrivial roots to x^2-x);
A216092, A216093, A224473, A224474 (nontrivial roots to x^3-x).

a(n) = if(n==2, 3, truncate(sqrt(-7+O(2^(n+1)))))

a(2) = 3; for n >= 3, a(n) = a(n-1) if a(n-1)^2 + 7 is divisible by 2^(n+1), otherwise a(n-1) + 2^(n-1).
a(n) = 2^n - A318960(n).
a(n) = Sum_{i=0..n-1} A318963(i)*2^i.

Offset corrected by Jianing Song, Aug 28 2019

A216092 a(n) = 2^(2*5^(n-1)) mod 10^n.

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 24, 624, 624, 90624, 890624, 2890624, 12890624, 212890624, 8212890624, 18212890624, 918212890624, 9918212890624, 59918212890624, 259918212890624, 6259918212890624, 56259918212890624, 256259918212890624

Offset: 1

V. Raman, Sep 01 2012

nonn

a(n) is the unique positive integer less than 10^n such that a(n) is divisible by 2^n and a(n) + 1 is divisible by 5^n. - Eric M. Schmidt, Sep 01 2012

Robert Israel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..996

Cf. A007185, A016090, A216093, A091664, A018247.

f:= n -> 2&^(2*5^(n-1)) mod 10^n:
map(f, [$1..100]); # Robert Israel, Mar 13 2025

Table[PowerMod[5,2^n,10^n],{n,20}]-1 (* Harvey P. Dale, Dec 17 2017 *)

def A216092(n) : return crt(0, -1, 2^n, 5^n) # Eric M. Schmidt, Sep 01 2012

a(n) = (5^(2^n) mod 10^n) - 1.
a(n)^3 == a(n) (mod 10^n).
a(n-1) == a(n) (mod 10^(n-1)). - Robert Israel, Mar 13 2025

A075693 Difference between 10-adic numbers defined in A018248 & A018247.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 5, -3, 9, -9, -7, 5, 7, 5, -7, 7, -9, -9, -1, 5, -3, -1, 5, 5, -9, 3, -5, -5, -9, -9, 7, -3, -3, 9, 7, 1, 9, 9, -9, 9, 7, -3, -9, -7, 9, 3, 5, 3, 5, 1, 3, 5, 1, -5, -1, -1, 9, 9, 9, 7, 7, -7, 3, -3, -7, 9, -7, -1, -9, 9, -1, -3, -3, 7, 5, -3, 9, 9, -9, -7, -9, 9, -1, -7, 3, -9, 5, 9, -7

Offset: 0

Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 26 2002

Numbers in A018247 and A018248 are known as automorphic numbers in base 10, meaning that the infinite integers a=(...256259918212890625) or b=(...743740081787109376) provides a nontrivial solution to x*x == x (mod any power of 10).
Read backwards so as to match their counterparts (A007185 & A016090), A018247(0)+A018248(0) = 11 & A018247(n)+A018248(n) = 9 for all n's > 0 and their product is A076308.
All entries must be odd.
Is the accumulative sum equally positive and negative, i.e. does the sum equal 0 infinitely often?

Seiichi Manyama, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..9999

Cf. A018248 & A018247.

(* execute the programming in both A018247 & A018248 *) Reverse[b - a]
aa[n_] := For[t = 5; k = 1, True, k++, t = Mod[t^2, 10^k]; If[k == n, Return[ Quotient[t, 10^(n-1)]]]]; bb[n_] := Reap[ For[t = 6; k = 1, k <= n , k++, t = Mod[t^5, 10^k]; Sow[ Quotient[10*t, 10^k]]]][[2, 1, n]]; a[n_] := bb[n] - aa[n]; Table[a[n], {n, 1, 84}](* Jean-François Alcover, May 25 2012, after Paul D. Hanna *)

a(n) = A018248(n) - A018247(n). - Seiichi Manyama, Jul 26 2017

A113627 a(n) is the smallest number k such that k and 2^k have the same last n digits. Here k may have fewer than n digits and can be padded with leading zeros (cf. A121319).

Original entry on oeis.org

14, 36, 736, 8736, 48736, 948736, 2948736, 32948736, 432948736, 3432948736, 53432948736, 353432948736, 5353432948736, 75353432948736, 75353432948736, 5075353432948736, 15075353432948736, 615075353432948736, 8615075353432948736, 98615075353432948736, 98615075353432948736

Offset: 1

Jon E. Schoenfield, Apr 23 2007

			2^14 = 16384 and 14 end with the same single digit 4, thus a(1) = 14.

Jon E. Schoenfield, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..81

See A121319, the main entry for this sequence, for further information.
Same as A109405 except for the initial term (14). - Max Alekseyev, May 11 2007
Cf. A007185, A016090, A003226, A035383, A064540, A064541, A109405, A121319, A206636.

A121319 a(n) is the smallest number k such that k and 2^k have the same last n digits. Here k must have at least n digits (cf. A113627).

Original entry on oeis.org

14, 36, 736, 8736, 48736, 948736, 2948736, 32948736, 432948736, 3432948736, 53432948736, 353432948736, 5353432948736, 75353432948736, 1075353432948736, 5075353432948736, 15075353432948736, 615075353432948736, 8615075353432948736, 98615075353432948736

Offset: 1

Tanya Khovanova, Aug 25 2006

			2^14 = 16384 and 14 end with the same single digit 4, thus a(1) = 14.

Jon E. Schoenfield, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..80
Jon E. Schoenfield, Excel program

Cf. A007185, A016090, A003226, A035383, A064540, A064541, A109405.

f[n_] := Block[{k = If[n == 1, 2, 10], m = 10^n}, While[ PowerMod[2, k, m] != Mod[k, m], k += 2]; k]; Do[ Print@f@n, {n, 9}] (* Robert G. Wilson v *)

A121319(n) = { local(k,tn); tn=10^n ; forstep(k=2,1000000000,2, if ( k % tn == (2^k) % tn, return(k) ; ) ; ) ; return(0) ; } { for(n = 1,13, print( A121319(n)) ; ) ; } \\ R. J. Mathar, Aug 27 2006

If A109405(n) has n digits, a(n) = A109405(n), otherwise a(n) = A109405(n) + 10^n. - Max Alekseyev, May 05 2007

a(6)-a(9) from Robert G. Wilson v and Jon E. Schoenfield, Aug 26 2006
a(10) from Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 26 2006
a(11)-a(16) from Alexander Adamchuk, Jan 28 2007
a(16) corrected by Max Alekseyev, Apr 12 2007

cp's OEIS Frontend

A016090 a(n) = 16^(5^n) mod 10^n: Automorphic numbers ending in digit 6, with repetitions.

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A033819 Trimorphic numbers: n^3 ends with n. Also m-morphic numbers for all m > 5 such that m-1 is not divisible by 10 and m == 3 (mod 4).

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A224473 (2*5^(2^n) - 1) mod 10^n: a sequence of trimorphic numbers ending in 9.

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A216093 a(n) = 10^n - (5^(2^n) mod 10^n).

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A318960 One of the two successive approximations up to 2^n for 2-adic integer sqrt(-7). This is the 1 (mod 4) case.

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A318961 One of the two successive approximations up to 2^n for 2-adic integer sqrt(-7). This is the 3 (mod 4) case.

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A216092 a(n) = 2^(2*5^(n-1)) mod 10^n.

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