A029707 -id:A029707 - cp's OEIS frontend

A174349 Square array: row n gives the indices i for which prime(i+1) = prime(i) + 2n; read by falling antidiagonals.

2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 7, 8, 11, 24, 10, 12, 15, 72, 34, 13, 14, 16, 77, 42, 46, 17, 19, 18, 79, 53, 47, 30, 20, 22, 21, 87, 61, 91, 62, 282, 26, 25, 23, 92, 68, 97, 66, 295, 99, 28, 27, 32, 94, 80, 114, 137, 319, 180, 154, 33, 29, 36, 124, 82, 121, 146, 331, 205, 259, 189

Offset: 1

Clark Kimberling, Mar 16 2010

It is conjectured that every positive integer except 1 occurs in the array.
From M. F. Hasler, Oct 19 2018: (Start)
The above conjecture is obviously true: the integer i appears in row (prime(i+1) - prime(i))/2.
Polignac's Conjecture states that all rows are of infinite length.
To ensure the sequence is well-defined in case the conjecture would not hold, we can use the convention that finite rows are continued by 0's. (End)

			Corner of the array:
   2    3    5    7    10    13 ...
   4    6    8   12    14    17 ...
   9   11   15   16    18    21 ...
  24   72   77   79    87    92 ...
  34   42   53   61    68    80 ...
  46   47   91   97   114   121 ...
  (...)
Row 1: p(2) = 3, p(3) = 5, p(5) = 11, p(7) = 17, ..., these being the primes for which the next prime is 2 greater, cf. A029707.
Row 2: p(4) = 7, p(6) = 13, p(8) = 19, ..., these being the primes for which the next prime is 4 greater, cf. A029709.

T. D. Noe, Falling antidiagonals 1..50 of the array, flattened
Fred B. Holt and Helgi Rudd, On Polignac's Conjecture, arxiv:1402.1970 [math.NT], 2014.
Index entries for primes, gaps between.

Cf. A000040, A000720, A001223, A174350.
Rows 1, 2, 3, ... are A029707, A029709, A320701, ..., A320720; A116493 (row 35), A116496 (row 50), A116497 (row 100), A116495 (row 105).
Column 1 is A038664.

rows = 10; t2 = {}; Do[t = {}; p = Prime[2]; While[Length[t] < rows - off + 1, nextP = NextPrime[p]; If[nextP - p == 2*off, AppendTo[t, p]]; p = nextP]; AppendTo[t2, t], {off, rows}]; t3 = Table[t2[[b, a - b + 1]], {a, rows}, {b, a}]; PrimePi /@ t3 (* T. D. Noe, Feb 11 2014 *)

a(n) = A000720(A174350(n)). - Michel Marcus, Mar 30 2016

Name corrected and other edits by M. F. Hasler, Oct 19 2018

A320701 Indices of primes followed by a gap (distance to next larger prime) of 6.

Original entry on oeis.org

9, 11, 15, 16, 18, 21, 23, 32, 36, 37, 39, 40, 51, 54, 55, 56, 58, 67, 71, 73, 74, 76, 84, 86, 96, 100, 102, 103, 105, 107, 108, 110, 111, 118, 119, 123, 129, 130, 133, 160, 161, 164, 165, 167, 170, 174, 179, 184, 185, 187, 188, 194, 195, 199, 200, 202, 208, 210, 216, 218, 219, 227, 231

Offset: 1

M. F. Hasler, Oct 19 2018

nonn

Indices of the primes given in A031924.

Subsequence of indices of sexy primes A023201.

Hugo Pfoertner, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Index entries for primes, gaps between.

Equals A000720 o A031924.
Row 3 of A174349.
Indices of 6's in A001223.
Cf. A029707, A029709, A320702, A320703, ..., A320720 (analog for gaps 2, 4, 8, 10, ..., 44), A116493 (gap 70), A116496 (gap 100), A116497 (gap 200), A116495 (gap 210).

Position[Differences[Prime[Range[250]]],6]//Flatten (* Harvey P. Dale, Oct 13 2022 *)

A(N=100,g=6,p=2,i=primepi(p)-1,L=List())={forprime(q=1+p,,i++; if(p+g==p=q, listput(L,i); N--||break));Vec(L)} \\ returns the list of first N terms of the sequence

a(n) = A000720(A031924(n)).

A320701 = { i > 0 | prime(i+1) = prime(i) + 6 } = A001223^(-1)({6}).

A373576 Sums of maximal antiruns of prime-powers.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 3, 4, 12, 8, 49, 171, 2032, 5157, 3997521, 199713082, 561678378, 10122001905, 109934112352390774

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Jun 17 2024

An antirun of a sequence (in this case A246655) is an interval of positions at which consecutive terms differ by more than one.

			The maximal antiruns of powers of primes begin:
   2
   3
   4
   5   7
   8
   9  11  13  16
  17  19  23  25  27  29  31

Gus Wiseman, Four statistics for runs and antiruns of prime, nonprime, squarefree, and nonsquarefree numbers.

See link for composite, prime, nonsquarefree, and squarefree runs/antiruns.
Prime-power runs: A373675, min A373673, max A373674, length A174965.
Non-prime-power runs: A373678, min A373676, max A373677, length A110969.
Prime-power antiruns: A373576 (this sequence), min A120430, max A006549, length A373671.
Non-prime-power antiruns: A373679, min A373575, max A255346, length A373672.
A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223.
A000961 lists all powers of primes. A246655 lists just prime-powers.
A025528 counts prime-powers up to n.
A057820 gives first differences of consecutive prime-powers, gaps A093555.
A356068 counts non-prime-powers up to n.
A361102 lists all non-prime-powers (A024619 if not including 1).
Cf. A001359, A014963, A027833, A029707, A038664, A067774, A251092, A293697, A371201, A373401, A373669.

Total/@Split[Select[Range[1000],PrimePowerQ],#1+1!=#2&]//Most

a(14) from Giorgos Kalogeropoulos, Jun 18 2024

A373675 Sums of maximal runs of powers of primes A000961.

Original entry on oeis.org

15, 24, 11, 13, 33, 19, 23, 25, 27, 29, 63, 37, 41, 43, 47, 49, 53, 59, 61, 64, 67, 71, 73, 79, 81, 83, 89, 97, 101, 103, 107, 109, 113, 121, 125, 255, 131, 137, 139, 149, 151, 157, 163, 167, 169, 173, 179, 181, 191, 193, 197, 199, 211, 223, 227, 229, 233, 239

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Jun 16 2024

nonn

A run of a sequence (in this case A000961) is an interval of positions at which consecutive terms differ by one.

			The maximal runs of powers of primes begin:
   1   2   3   4   5
   7   8   9
  11
  13
  16  17
  19
  23
  25
  27
  29
  31  32
  37
  41
  43
  47
  49

Gus Wiseman, Four statistics for runs and antiruns of prime, nonprime, squarefree, and nonsquarefree numbers.

A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223.
A000961 lists all powers of primes (A246655 if not including 1).
A025528 counts prime-powers up to n.
A057820 gives first differences of consecutive prime-powers, gaps A093555.
A361102 lists all non-prime-powers (A024619 if not including 1).
See link for composite, prime, nonsquarefree, and squarefree runs.
Prime-power runs: A373675, min A373673, max A373674, length A174965.
Non-prime-power runs: A373678, min A373676, max A373677, length A110969.
Prime-power antiruns: A373576, min A120430, max A006549, length A373671.
Non-prime-power antiruns: A373679, min A373575, max A255346, length A373672.
Cf. A005117, A014963, A029707, A038664, A046933, A054265, A065855, A071148, A293697, A371201.

pripow[n_]:=n==1||PrimePowerQ[n];
Total/@Split[Select[Range[nn],pripow],#1+1==#2&]//Most

A373679 Sums of maximal antiruns of non-prime-powers.

Original entry on oeis.org

43, 53, 21, 163, 34, 35, 74, 39, 126, 45, 144, 51, 106, 55, 56, 57, 180, 128, 134, 69, 216, 75, 76, 77, 324, 85, 86, 87, 178, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 194, 99, 306, 105, 324, 111, 226, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 242, 123, 379, 262, 133, 134, 135, 414, 141, 142, 143

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Jun 17 2024

nonn

An antirun of a sequence (in this case A361102) is an interval of positions at which consecutive terms differ by more than one.

			The maximal antiruns of non-prime-powers begin:
   1   6  10  12  14
  15  18  20
  21
  22  24  26  28  30  33
  34
  35
  36  38
  39
  40  42  44
  45
  46  48  50
  51
  52  54
  55
  56
  57
  58  60  62
  63  65

Gus Wiseman, Four statistics for runs and antiruns of prime, nonprime, squarefree, and nonsquarefree numbers.

See link for composite, prime, nonsquarefree, and squarefree runs/antiruns.
Prime-power runs: A373675, min A373673, max A373674, length A174965.
Non-prime-power runs: A373678, min A373676, max A373677, length A110969.
Prime-power antiruns: A373576, min A120430, max A006549, length A373671.
Non-prime-power antiruns: A373679 (this sequence), min A373575, max A255346, length A373672.
A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223.
A000961 lists all powers of primes. A246655 lists just prime-powers.
A025528 counts prime-powers up to n.
A057820 gives first differences of consecutive prime-powers, gaps A093555.
A356068 counts non-prime-powers up to n.
A361102 lists all non-prime-powers (A024619 if not including 1).
Cf. A001359, A014963, A027833, A029707, A038664, A054265, A067774, A071148, A251092, A371201, A373401, A373669.

Total/@Split[Select[Range[100],!PrimePowerQ[#]&],#1+1!=#2&]//Most

A377430 Numbers k such that there is exactly one squarefree number between prime(k)+1 and prime(k+1)-1.

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 4, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 22, 26, 33, 39, 48, 59, 60, 65, 85, 88, 89, 93, 104, 113, 116, 122, 142, 143, 147, 148, 155, 181, 188, 198, 201, 209, 212, 213, 224, 226, 234, 235, 244, 254, 264, 265, 268, 287, 288, 313, 320, 328, 332, 333, 341, 343, 353, 361, 366

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Oct 29 2024

nonn

			Primes 4 and 5 are 7 and 11, and the interval (8,9,10) contains only squarefree 10, so 4 is in the sequence.

Robert Israel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000

For composite instead of squarefree we have A029707.
These are the positions of 1 in A061398, or 2 in A373198.
For no squarefree numbers we have A068360.
For prime-power instead of squarefree we have A377287.
For at least one squarefree number we have A377431.
For perfect-power instead of squarefree we have A377434.
A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223, seconds A036263.
A002808 lists the composites, complement A008578.
A005117 lists the squarefree numbers, complement A013929.
A377038 gives k-differences of squarefree numbers.
Cf. A007674, A013603, A036378, A046933, A072284, A076259, A077641, A077643, A075526, A078147, A112925, A112926, A120992, A293697.

R:= NULL: count:= 0: q:= 2:
for k from 1 while count < 100 do
  p:= q; q:= nextprime(q);
  if nops(select(numtheory:-issqrfree,[$p+1 .. q-1]))=1 then
    R:= R,k; count:= count+1;
 fi
od:
R; # Robert Israel, Nov 29 2024

Select[Range[100], Length[Select[Range[Prime[#]+1,Prime[#+1]-1],SquareFreeQ]]==1&]

is(n,p=prime(n))=my(q=nextprime(p+1),s); for(k=p+1,q-1, if(issquarefree(k) && s++>1, return(0))); s==1 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Nov 29 2024

A377431 Numbers k such that there is at least one squarefree number between prime(k)+1 and prime(k+1)-1.

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 53, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 82, 84, 85, 86

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Oct 29 2024

nonn

			Primes 4 and 5 are 7 and 11, and the interval (8,9,10) contains 10, which is squarefree, so 4 is in the sequence.

These are the positive positions in A061398, or terms >= 2 in A373198.
The complement (no squarefree numbers) is A068360.
For prime-power instead of squarefree we have A377057, strict version A377287.
For exactly one squarefree number we have A377430.
A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223, seconds A036263.
A002808 lists the composites, complement A008578.
A005117 lists the squarefree numbers, complement A013929.
A377038 gives k-differences of squarefree numbers.
Cf. A007674, A013603, A029707, A036378, A046933, A072284, A076259, A077641, A077643, A075526, A078147, A112925, A112926, A120992, A293697.

Select[Range[100], Length[Select[Range[Prime[#]+1,Prime[#+1]-1],SquareFreeQ]]>=1&]

A320702 Indices of primes followed by a gap (distance to next larger prime) of 8.

Original entry on oeis.org

24, 72, 77, 79, 87, 92, 94, 124, 126, 128, 132, 135, 156, 158, 166, 186, 192, 196, 220, 228, 241, 246, 248, 270, 281, 299, 304, 325, 330, 334, 338, 364, 370, 379, 386, 393, 400, 413, 417, 421, 432, 436, 454, 456, 482, 488, 507, 517, 519, 538, 589, 594, 620, 640, 661, 676, 689, 691, 712, 736, 750, 759

Offset: 1

M. F. Hasler, Oct 19 2018

nonn

Indices of the primes given in A031926.

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10340
Index entries for primes, gaps between

Equals A000720 o A031926.
Row 4 of A174349.
Indices of 8's in A001223.
Cf. A029707, A029709, A320701, A320703, ..., A320720 (analog for gaps 2, 4, 6, 10, ..., 44), A116493 (gap 70), A116496 (gap 100), A116497 (gap 200), A116495 (gap 210).

[n: n in [1..800] | NthPrime(n+1) - NthPrime(n) eq 8]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Mar 21 2019

p:= 2: Res:= NULL: count:= 0:
for n from 1 while count < 100 do
  q:= nextprime(p);
  if q-p = 8 then count:= count+1; Res:= Res, n; fi;
  p:= q;
od:
Res; # Robert Israel, Oct 19 2018

Select[Range[800], Prime[#] + 8 == Prime[# + 1] &] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Mar 21 2019 *)

A_vec(N=100,g=8,p=2,i=primepi(p)-1,L=List())={forprime(q=1+p,,i++; if(p+g==p=q, listput(L,i); N--||break));Vec(L)}

a(n) = A000720(A031926(n)) = A174349(4,n).

A320702 = { i > 0 | prime(i+1) = prime(i) + 8 } = A001223^(-1)({8}).

A320720 Indices of primes followed by a gap (distance to next larger prime) of 44.

Original entry on oeis.org

1831, 3861, 4009, 7499, 8937, 10328, 10427, 11725, 12904, 12926, 13011, 13051, 16596, 16915, 18280, 20055, 20160, 20352, 20619, 21458, 21465, 21550, 21659, 23752, 23934, 24107, 24384, 24445, 24651, 24871, 24933, 24992, 25027, 26089, 26166, 26483, 26923, 27038, 27048, 28898, 29343

Offset: 1

M. F. Hasler, Oct 19 2018

nonn

Indices of the primes listed in A134121.

Index entries for primes, gaps between.

Cf. A029707, A029709 (analog for gaps 2 and 4), A320701, A320702, ... A320719 (analog for gaps 6, 8, 10, ..., 42), A116493 (gap 70), A116496 (gap 100), A116497 (gap 200), A116495 (gap 210).
Equals A000720 o A134121.
Indices of 44's in A001223.
Row 22 of A174349.

A(N=100,g=44,p=2,i=primepi(p)-1,L=List())={forprime(q=1+p,,i++; if(p+g==p=q, listput(L,i); N--||break));Vec(L)} \\ returns the list of first N terms of the sequence

a(n) = A000720(A134121(n)).

A050216 Number of primes between (prime(n))^2 and (prime(n+1))^2, with a(0) = 2 by convention.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 2, 5, 6, 15, 9, 22, 11, 27, 47, 16, 57, 44, 20, 46, 80, 78, 32, 90, 66, 30, 106, 75, 114, 163, 89, 42, 87, 42, 100, 354, 99, 165, 49, 299, 58, 182, 186, 128, 198, 195, 76, 356, 77, 144, 75, 463, 479, 168, 82, 166, 270, 90, 438, 275, 274, 292, 91, 292, 199, 99

Offset: 0

Eric W. Weisstein

The function in Brocard's Conjecture, which states that for n >= 2, a(n) >= 4.
The lines in the graph correspond to prime gaps of 2, 4, 6, ... . - T. D. Noe, Feb 04 2008
Lengths of blocks of consecutive primes in A000430 (union of primes and squares of primes). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Sep 23 2011
In the n-th step of the sieve of Eratosthenes, all multiples of prime(n) are removed. Then a(n) gives the number of new primes obtained after the n-th step. - Jean-Christophe Hervé, Oct 27 2013
More precisely, after the n-th step, one is sure to have eliminated all composites less than prime(n+1)^2, since any composite N has a prime factor <= sqrt(N). It is in exactly this (restricted) sense that a(n) yields the number of "new primes" (additional numbers known to be prime) after the n-th step. But one knows after the n-th step also that all remaining numbers between prime(n+1)^2 and prime(n+1)*(prime(n+1)+2) are prime: By construction they don't have a factor less than prime(n+1) and they don't have a factor prime(n+1) so the least prime factor could be prime(n+2) >= prime(n+1)+2. For example, after eliminating multiples of 3 in the 2nd step, one has (2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 23, 25, 29, 31, 35, ...) and one knows that all remaining numbers strictly in between 5^2=25 and 5*(5+2)=35 are prime, too. - M. F. Hasler, Dec 31 2014
Numerically, the slope of the lowest "ray" m(n) = min {a(k); k>n}, seems to converge to a value somewhere in the range 1.75 < m(n)/n < 1.8; with m(n)/n > 1.7 for n > 900, m(n)/n > 1.75 for n > 2700. - M. F. Hasler, Dec 31 2014
Legendre's conjecture (see A014085) would imply that a(n) >= 2 for all n and that sequences A054272, A250473 and A250474 were thus strictly increasing (see the Wikipedia article about Brocard's conjecture). - Antti Karttunen, Jan 01 2015
a(n) >= 4 up to at least n = 4*10^5. - Eric W. Weisstein, Jan 13 2025

			There are 2 primes less than 2^2, there are 2 primes between 2^2 and 3^2, 5 primes between 3^2 and 5^2, etc. [corrected by Jonathan Sperry, Aug 30 2013]

Paulo Ribenboim, The Little Book of Bigger Primes, Springer-Verlag NY 2004. See p. 183.

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
Joel E. Cohen, Conjectures about Primes and Cyclic Numbers, arXiv:2508.08335 [math.NT], 2025. See p. 16.
Anthony G. Shannon and Jean V. Leyendekkers, On Legendre's Conjecture, Notes on Number Theory and Discrete Mathematics, Vol. 23, No. 2 (2017): 117-125.
Nicolas Vaillant, Graph of A050216(n) / (n * A001223(n))
Nicolas Vaillant, Average density of primes between prime(n)^2 and prime(n+1)^2
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Brocard's Conjecture.
Wikipedia, Brocard's Conjecture

First differences of A000879.
One more than A251723.
Cf. A010051, A001248, A014085, A089609, A251719, A256468, A256469, A256470, A029707, A137859.
Cf. A380135 (High water marks for number of primes between prime(n)^2 and prime(n+1)^2).
Cf. A380136 (Positions of the high water marks for number of primes between prime(n)^2 and prime(n+1)^2).

import Data.List (group)
a050216 n = a050216_list !! (n-1)
a050216_list =
   map length $ filter (/= [0]) $ group $ map a010051 a000430_list
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Sep 23 2011

A050216 := proc(n)
    local p,pn ;
    if n = 0 then
        2;
    else
        p := ithprime(n) ;
        pn := nextprime(p) ;
        numtheory[pi](pn^2)-numtheory[pi](p^2) ;
    end if;
end proc:
seq(A050216(n),n=0..40) ; # R. J. Mathar, Jan 27 2025

-Subtract @@@ Partition[PrimePi[Prime[Range[20]]^2], 2, 1] (* Eric W. Weisstein, Jan 10 2025 *)

a(n)={n||return(2);primepi(prime(n+1)^2)-primepi(prime(n)^2)} \\ M. F. Hasler, Dec 31 2014

For all n >= 1, a(n) = A256468(n) + A256469(n). - Antti Karttunen, Mar 30 2015

Limit_{N->oo} (Sum_{n=1..N} a(n)) / (Sum_{n=1..N} prime(n)) = 1. - Alain Rocchelli, Sep 30 2023

Edited by N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 15 2009

cp's OEIS Frontend

A174349 Square array: row n gives the indices i for which prime(i+1) = prime(i) + 2n; read by falling antidiagonals.

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A320701 Indices of primes followed by a gap (distance to next larger prime) of 6.

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A373576 Sums of maximal antiruns of prime-powers.

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A373675 Sums of maximal runs of powers of primes A000961.

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A373679 Sums of maximal antiruns of non-prime-powers.

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A377430 Numbers k such that there is exactly one squarefree number between prime(k)+1 and prime(k+1)-1.

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A377431 Numbers k such that there is at least one squarefree number between prime(k)+1 and prime(k+1)-1.

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A320702 Indices of primes followed by a gap (distance to next larger prime) of 8.

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