cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

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A136556 a(n) = binomial(2^n - 1, n).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 3, 35, 1365, 169911, 67945521, 89356415775, 396861704798625, 6098989894499557055, 331001552386330913728641, 64483955378425999076128999167, 45677647585984911164223317311276545, 118839819203635450208125966070067352769535, 1144686912178270649701033287538093722740144666625
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Paul D. Hanna, Jan 07 2008; Paul Hanna and Vladeta Jovovic, Jan 15 2008

Keywords

Comments

Number of n x n binary matrices without zero rows and with distinct rows up to permutation of rows, cf. A014070.
Row 0 of square array A136555.
From Gus Wiseman, Dec 19 2023: (Start)
Also the number of n-element sets of nonempty subsets of {1..n}, or set-systems with n vertices and n edges (not necessarily covering). The covering case is A054780. For example, the a(3) = 35 set-systems are:
{1}{2}{3} {1}{2}{12} {1}{2}{123} {1}{12}{123} {12}{13}{123}
{1}{2}{13} {1}{3}{123} {1}{13}{123} {12}{23}{123}
{1}{2}{23} {1}{12}{13} {1}{23}{123} {13}{23}{123}
{1}{3}{12} {1}{12}{23} {2}{12}{123}
{1}{3}{13} {1}{13}{23} {2}{13}{123}
{1}{3}{23} {2}{3}{123} {2}{23}{123}
{2}{3}{12} {2}{12}{13} {3}{12}{123}
{2}{3}{13} {2}{12}{23} {3}{13}{123}
{2}{3}{23} {2}{13}{23} {3}{23}{123}
{3}{12}{13} {12}{13}{23}
{3}{12}{23}
{3}{13}{23}
Of these, only {{1},{2},{1,2}}, {{1},{3},{1,3}}, and {{2},{3},{2,3}} do not cover the vertex set.
(End)

Examples

			G.f.: A(x) = 1 + x + 3*x^2 + 35*x^3 + 1365*x^4 + 169911*x^5 +...
A(x) = 1/(1+x) + log(1+2*x)/(1+2*x) + log(1+4*x)^2/(2!*(1+4*x)) + log(1+8*x)^3/(3!*(1+8*x)) + log(1+16*x)^4/(4!*(1+16*x)) + log(1+32*x)^5/(5!*(1+32*x)) +...
		

Crossrefs

Sequences of the form binomial(2^n +p*n +q, n): this sequence (0,-1), A014070 (0,0), A136505 (0,1), A136506 (0,2), A060690 (1,-1), A132683 (1,0), A132684 (1,1), A132685 (2,0), A132686 (2,1), A132687 (3,-1), A132688 (3,0), A132689 (3,1).
The covering case A054780 has binomial transform A367916, ranks A367917.
Connected graphs of this type are A057500, unlabeled A001429.
Graphs of this type are A116508, covering A367863, unlabeled A006649.
A003465 counts set-systems covering {1..n}, unlabeled A055621.
A058891 counts set-systems, connected A323818, without singletons A016031.

Programs

  • Magma
    [Binomial(2^n -1, n): n in [0..20]]; // G. C. Greubel, Mar 14 2021
    
  • Maple
    A136556:= n-> binomial(2^n-1,n); seq(A136556(n), n=0..20); # G. C. Greubel, Mar 14 2021
  • Mathematica
    f[n_] := Binomial[2^n - 1, n]; Array[f, 12] (* Robert G. Wilson v *)
    Table[Length[Subsets[Rest[Subsets[Range[n]]],{n}]],{n,0,4}] (* Gus Wiseman, Dec 19 2023 *)
  • PARI
    {a(n) = binomial(2^n-1,n)}
    for(n=0, 20, print1(a(n), ", "))
    
  • PARI
    /* As coefficient of x^n in the g.f.: */
    {a(n) = polcoeff( sum(i=0,n, 1/(1 + 2^i*x +x*O(x^n)) * log(1 + 2^i*x +x*O(x^n))^i/i!), n)}
    for(n=0, 20, print1(a(n), ", "))
    
  • Python
    from math import comb
    def A136556(n): return comb((1<Chai Wah Wu, Jan 02 2024
  • Sage
    [binomial(2^n -1, n) for n in (0..20)] # G. C. Greubel, Mar 14 2021
    

Formula

a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^(n-k) * binomial(2^n,k).
a(n) = (1/n!)*Sum_{k=0..n} Stirling1(n,k) * (2^n-1)^k.
G.f.: Sum_{n>=0} log(1 + 2^n*x)^n / (n! * (1 + 2^n*x)).
a(n) ~ 2^(n^2)/n!. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 02 2016

Extensions

Edited by N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 26 2008

A319565 Number of non-isomorphic connected strict T_0 multiset partitions of weight n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 4, 8, 21, 62, 175, 553, 1775, 6007
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Sep 23 2018

Keywords

Comments

In a multiset partition, two vertices are equivalent if in every block the multiplicity of the first is equal to the multiplicity of the second. The T_0 condition means that there are no equivalent vertices.
The weight of a multiset partition is the sum of sizes of its parts. Weight is generally not the same as number of vertices.

Examples

			Non-isomorphic representatives of the a(1) = 1 through a(4) = 8 multiset partitions:
1:      {{1}}
2:     {{1,1}}
3:    {{1,1,1}}
      {{1,2,2}}
     {{1},{1,1}}
     {{2},{1,2}}
4:   {{1,1,1,1}}
     {{1,2,2,2}}
    {{1},{1,1,1}}
    {{1},{1,2,2}}
    {{2},{1,2,2}}
    {{1,2},{2,2}}
    {{1,3},{2,3}}
   {{1},{2},{1,2}}
		

Crossrefs

A367769 Number of finite sets of nonempty non-singleton subsets of {1..n} contradicting a strict version of the axiom of choice.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 1, 1490, 67027582, 144115188036455750, 1329227995784915872903806998967001298, 226156424291633194186662080095093570025917938800079226639565284090686126876
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Dec 05 2023

Keywords

Comments

The axiom of choice says that, given any set of nonempty sets Y, it is possible to choose a set containing an element from each. The strict version requires this set to have the same cardinality as Y, meaning no element is chosen more than once.
Includes all set-systems with more edges than covered vertices, but this condition is not sufficient.

Examples

			The a(3) = 1 set-system is: {{1,2},{1,3},{2,3},{1,2,3}}.
		

Crossrefs

Set-systems without singletons are counted by A016031, covering A323816.
The complement is A367770, with singletons allowed A367902 (ranks A367906).
The version for simple graphs is A367867, covering A367868.
The version allowing singletons and empty edges is A367901.
The version allowing singletons is A367903, ranks A367907.
A000372 counts antichains, covering A006126, nonempty A014466.
A003465 counts covering set-systems, unlabeled A055621.
A058891 counts set-systems, unlabeled A000612.
A059201 counts covering T_0 set-systems.
A323818 counts covering connected set-systems.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Select[Subsets[Range[n]], Length[#]>1&]], Select[Tuples[#], UnsameQ@@#&]=={}&]], {n,0,3}]

Formula

a(n) = 2^(2^n-n-1) - A367770(n) = A016031(n+1) - A367770(n). - Christian Sievers, Jul 28 2024

Extensions

a(6)-a(8) from Christian Sievers, Jul 28 2024

A367770 Number of sets of nonempty non-singleton subsets of {1..n} satisfying a strict version of the axiom of choice.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 15, 558, 81282, 39400122, 61313343278, 309674769204452
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Dec 05 2023

Keywords

Comments

The axiom of choice says that, given any set of nonempty sets Y, it is possible to choose a set containing an element from each. The strict version requires this set to have the same cardinality as Y, meaning no element is chosen more than once.
Excludes all set-systems with more edges than covered vertices, but this condition is not sufficient.

Examples

			The a(3) = 15 set-systems:
  {}
  {{1,2}}
  {{1,3}}
  {{2,3}}
  {{1,2,3}}
  {{1,2},{1,3}}
  {{1,2},{2,3}}
  {{1,2},{1,2,3}}
  {{1,3},{2,3}}
  {{1,3},{1,2,3}}
  {{2,3},{1,2,3}}
  {{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}
  {{1,2},{1,3},{1,2,3}}
  {{1,2},{2,3},{1,2,3}}
  {{1,3},{2,3},{1,2,3}}
		

Crossrefs

Set-systems without singletons are counted by A016031, covering A323816.
The version for simple graphs is A133686, covering A367869.
The complement is counted by A367769.
The complement allowing singletons and empty sets is A367901.
Allowing singletons gives A367902, ranks A367906.
The complement allowing singletons is A367903, ranks A367907.
These set-systems have ranks A367906 /\ A326781.
A000372 counts antichains, covering A006126, nonempty A014466.
A003465 counts covering set-systems, unlabeled A055621.
A058891 counts set-systems, unlabeled A000612.
A323818 counts covering connected set-systems, unlabeled A323819.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Select[Subsets[Range[n]], Length[#]>1&]], Select[Tuples[#], UnsameQ@@#&]!={}&]],{n,0,3}]

Extensions

a(6)-a(8) from Christian Sievers, Jul 28 2024

A059202 Triangle T(n,m) of numbers of m-block T_0-covers of a labeled n-set, m = 0..2^n - 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 3, 1, 0, 0, 3, 29, 35, 21, 7, 1, 0, 0, 0, 140, 1015, 2793, 4935, 6425, 6435, 5005, 3003, 1365, 455, 105, 15, 1, 0, 0, 0, 420, 13965, 126651, 661801, 2533135, 7792200, 20085000, 44307120, 84651840, 141113700, 206251500, 265182300
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Vladeta Jovovic, Goran Kilibarda, Jan 18 2001

Keywords

Comments

A cover of a set is a T_0-cover if for every two distinct points of the set there exists a member (block) of the cover containing one but not the other point.
Also, T(n,m) is the number of n X m (0,1)-matrices with pairwise distinct nonzero columns and pairwise distinct nonzero rows, up to permutation of columns.

Examples

			[1],
[0,1],
[0,0,3,1],
[0,0,3,29,35,21,7,1],
...
There are 35 4-block T_0-covers of a labeled 3-set.
		

Crossrefs

Cf. A059201 (row sums), A059203 (column sums), A094000 (main diagonal).
Binary matrices with distinct rows and columns, various versions: A059202, A088309, A088310, A088616, A089673, A089674, A093466, A094000, A094223, A116532, A116539, A181230, A259763

Programs

  • Maple
    with(combinat): for n from 0 to 10 do for m from 0 to 2^n-1 do printf(`%d,`,(1/m!)*sum(stirling1(m+1,i)*product(2^(i-1)-1-j, j=0..n-1), i=1..m+1)) od: od:
  • Mathematica
    T[n_, m_] = Sum[ StirlingS1[n + 1, i + 1]*Binomial[2^i - 1, m], {i, 0, n}]; Table[T[n, m], {n, 0, 5}, {m, 0, 2^n - 1}] (* G. C. Greubel, Dec 28 2016 *)

Formula

T(n, m) = (1/m!)*Sum_{1..m + 1} stirling1(m + 1, i)*[2^(i - 1) - 1]_n, where [k]_n := k*(k - 1)*...*(k - n + 1), [k]_0 = 1.
E.g.f: Sum((1+x)^(2^n-1)*log(1+y)^n/n!, n=0..infinity)/(1+y). - Vladeta Jovovic, May 19 2004
Also T(n, m) = Sum_{i=0..n} Stirling1(n+1, i+1)*binomial(2^i-1, m). - Vladeta Jovovic, Jun 04 2004
T(n,m) = A181230(n,m)/m! - n*T(n-1,m) - T(n,m-1) - n*T(n-1,m-1). - Max Alekseyev, Dec 11 2017

Extensions

More terms from James Sellers, Jan 24 2001

A319560 Number of non-isomorphic strict T_0 multiset partitions of weight n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 6, 15, 40, 121, 353, 1107, 3550, 11818
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Sep 23 2018

Keywords

Comments

In a multiset partition, two vertices are equivalent if in every block the multiplicity of the first is equal to the multiplicity of the second. The T_0 condition means that there are no equivalent vertices.
The weight of a multiset partition is the sum of sizes of its parts. Weight is generally not the same as number of vertices.

Examples

			Non-isomorphic representatives of the a(1) = 1 through a(4) = 15 multiset partitions:
1: {{1}}
2: {{1,1}}
   {{1},{2}}
3: {{1,1,1}}
   {{1,2,2}}
   {{1},{1,1}}
   {{1},{2,2}}
   {{2},{1,2}}
   {{1},{2},{3}}
4: {{1,1,1,1}}
   {{1,2,2,2}}
   {{1},{1,1,1}}
   {{1},{1,2,2}}
   {{1},{2,2,2}}
   {{1},{2,3,3}}
   {{2},{1,2,2}}
   {{1,1},{2,2}}
   {{1,2},{2,2}}
   {{1,3},{2,3}}
   {{1},{2},{1,2}}
   {{1},{2},{2,2}}
   {{1},{2},{3,3}}
   {{1},{3},{2,3}}
   {{1},{2},{3},{4}}
		

Crossrefs

A326946 Number of unlabeled T_0 set-systems on n vertices.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 5, 34, 1919, 18660178
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Aug 08 2019

Keywords

Comments

The dual of a multiset partition has, for each vertex, one block consisting of the indices (or positions) of the blocks containing that vertex. For example, the dual of {{1,2},{2,3}} is {{1},{1,2},{2}}. The T_0 condition means that the dual is strict (no repeated edges).

Examples

			Non-isomorphic representatives of the a(0) = 1 through a(2) = 5 set-systems:
  {}  {}     {}
      {{1}}  {{1}}
             {{1},{2}}
             {{2},{1,2}}
             {{1},{2},{1,2}}
		

Crossrefs

The non-T_0 version is A000612.
The antichain case is A245567.
The covering case is A319637.
The labeled version is A326940.
The version with empty edges allowed is A326949.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    dual[eds_]:=Table[First/@Position[eds,x],{x,Union@@eds}];
    Table[Length[Union[normclut/@Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,n}]],UnsameQ@@dual[#]&]]],{n,0,3}]

Formula

Partial sums of A319637.
a(n) = A326949(n)/2.

Extensions

a(5) from Max Alekseyev, Oct 11 2023

A326961 Number of set-systems covering n vertices where every vertex is the unique common element of some subset of the edges, also called covering T_1 set-systems.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 36, 19020, 2010231696, 9219217412568364176, 170141181796805105960861096082778425120, 57896044618658097536026644159052312977171804852352892309392604715987334365792
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Aug 12 2019

Keywords

Comments

Same as A059523 except with a(1) = 1 instead of 2.
Alternatively, these are set-systems covering n vertices whose dual is a (strict) antichain. A set-system is a finite set of finite nonempty sets. The dual of a set-system has, for each vertex, one edge consisting of the indices (or positions) of the edges containing that vertex. An antichain is a set of sets, none of which is a subset of any other.

Examples

			The a(3) = 36 set-systems:
  {{1}{2}{3}}        {{12}{13}{23}{123}}     {{2}{3}{12}{13}{23}}
  {{12}{13}{23}}     {{1}{2}{3}{12}{13}}     {{2}{3}{12}{13}{123}}
  {{1}{2}{3}{12}}    {{1}{2}{3}{12}{23}}     {{2}{12}{13}{23}{123}}
  {{1}{2}{3}{13}}    {{1}{2}{3}{13}{23}}     {{3}{12}{13}{23}{123}}
  {{1}{2}{3}{23}}    {{1}{2}{12}{13}{23}}    {{1}{2}{3}{12}{13}{23}}
  {{1}{2}{13}{23}}   {{1}{2}{3}{12}{123}}    {{1}{2}{3}{12}{13}{123}}
  {{1}{2}{3}{123}}   {{1}{2}{3}{13}{123}}    {{1}{2}{3}{12}{23}{123}}
  {{1}{3}{12}{23}}   {{1}{2}{3}{23}{123}}    {{1}{2}{3}{13}{23}{123}}
  {{2}{3}{12}{13}}   {{1}{3}{12}{13}{23}}    {{1}{2}{12}{13}{23}{123}}
  {{1}{12}{13}{23}}  {{1}{2}{13}{23}{123}}   {{1}{3}{12}{13}{23}{123}}
  {{2}{12}{13}{23}}  {{1}{3}{12}{23}{123}}   {{2}{3}{12}{13}{23}{123}}
  {{3}{12}{13}{23}}  {{1}{12}{13}{23}{123}}  {{1}{2}{3}{12}{13}{23}{123}}
		

Crossrefs

Covering set-systems are A003465.
Covering T_0 set-systems are A059201.
The version with empty edges allowed is A326960.
The non-covering version is A326965.
Covering set-systems whose dual is a weak antichain are A326970.
The unlabeled version is A326974.
The BII-numbers of T_1 set-systems are A326979.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    tmQ[eds_]:=Union@@Select[Intersection@@@Rest[Subsets[eds]],Length[#]==1&]==Union@@eds;
    Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,n}]],Union@@#==Range[n]&&tmQ[#]&]],{n,0,3}]

Formula

Inverse binomial transform of A326965.

A326979 BII-numbers of T_1 set-systems.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15, 25, 27, 30, 31, 42, 43, 45, 47, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 75, 79, 91, 94, 95, 107, 109, 111, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 143, 153, 155, 158, 159
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Aug 13 2019

Keywords

Comments

A set-system is a finite set of finite nonempty sets. The dual of a set-system has, for each vertex, one edge consisting of the indices (or positions) of the edges containing that vertex. For example, the dual of {{1,2},{2,3}} is {{1},{1,2},{2}}. The T_1 condition means that the dual is a (strict) antichain, meaning that none of its edges is a subset of any other.
A binary index of n is any position of a 1 in its reversed binary expansion. The binary indices of n are row n of A048793. We define the set-system with BII-number n to be obtained by taking the binary indices of each binary index of n. Every finite set of finite nonempty sets has a different BII-number. For example, 18 has reversed binary expansion (0,1,0,0,1), and since the binary indices of 2 and 5 are {2} and {1,3} respectively, the BII-number of {{2},{1,3}} is 18. Elements of a set-system are sometimes called edges.

Examples

			The sequence of all T_1 set-systems together with their BII-numbers begins:
   0: {}
   1: {{1}}
   2: {{2}}
   3: {{1},{2}}
   7: {{1},{2},{1,2}}
   8: {{3}}
   9: {{1},{3}}
  10: {{2},{3}}
  11: {{1},{2},{3}}
  15: {{1},{2},{1,2},{3}}
  25: {{1},{3},{1,3}}
  27: {{1},{2},{3},{1,3}}
  30: {{2},{1,2},{3},{1,3}}
  31: {{1},{2},{1,2},{3},{1,3}}
  42: {{2},{3},{2,3}}
  43: {{1},{2},{3},{2,3}}
  45: {{1},{1,2},{3},{2,3}}
  47: {{1},{2},{1,2},{3},{2,3}}
  51: {{1},{2},{1,3},{2,3}}
  52: {{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}
		

Crossrefs

BII-numbers of T_0 set-systems are A326947.
T_1 set-systems are counted by A326965, A326961 (covering), A326972 (unlabeled), and A326974 (unlabeled covering).
BII-numbers of set-systems whose dual is a weak antichain are A326966.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    bpe[n_]:=Join@@Position[Reverse[IntegerDigits[n,2]],1];
    dual[eds_]:=Table[First/@Position[eds,x],{x,Union@@eds}];
    stableQ[u_,Q_]:=!Apply[Or,Outer[#1=!=#2&&Q[#1,#2]&,u,u,1],{0,1}];
    Select[Range[0,100],UnsameQ@@dual[bpe/@bpe[#]]&&stableQ[dual[bpe/@bpe[#]],SubsetQ]&]

A003025 Number of n-node labeled acyclic digraphs with 1 out-point.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 15, 316, 16885, 2174586, 654313415, 450179768312, 696979588034313, 2398044825254021110, 18151895792052235541515, 299782788128536523836784628, 10727139906233315197412684689421
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

From Gus Wiseman, Jan 02 2024: (Start)
Also the number of n-element sets of finite nonempty subsets of {1..n}, including a unique singleton, such that there is exactly one way to choose a different element from each. For example, the a(0) = 0 through a(3) = 15 set-systems are:
. {{1}} {{1},{1,2}} {{1},{1,2},{1,3}}
{{2},{1,2}} {{1},{1,2},{2,3}}
{{1},{1,3},{2,3}}
{{2},{1,2},{1,3}}
{{2},{1,2},{2,3}}
{{2},{1,3},{2,3}}
{{3},{1,2},{1,3}}
{{3},{1,2},{2,3}}
{{3},{1,3},{2,3}}
{{1},{1,2},{1,2,3}}
{{1},{1,3},{1,2,3}}
{{2},{1,2},{1,2,3}}
{{2},{2,3},{1,2,3}}
{{3},{1,3},{1,2,3}}
{{3},{2,3},{1,2,3}}
These set-systems are all connected.
The case of labeled graphs is A000169.
(End)

Examples

			a(2) = 2: o-->--o (2 ways)
a(3) = 15: o-->--o-->--o (6 ways) and
o ... o o-->--o
.\ . / . \ . /
. v v ... v v
.. o ..... o
(3 ways) (6 ways)
		

References

  • R. W. Robinson, Counting labeled acyclic digraphs, pp. 239-273 of F. Harary, editor, New Directions in the Theory of Graphs. Academic Press, NY, 1973.
  • N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Crossrefs

A diagonal of A058876.
Row sums of A350487.
The unlabeled version is A350415.
Column k=1 of A361718.
For any number of sinks we have A003024, unlabeled A003087.
For n-1 sinks we have A058877.
For a fixed sink we have A134531 (up to sign), column k=1 of A368602.

Programs

Formula

a(n) = (-1)^(n-1) * n * A134531(n). - Gus Wiseman, Jan 02 2024

Extensions

More terms from Vladeta Jovovic, Apr 10 2001
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