A263880 -id:A263880 - cp's OEIS frontend

A005385 Safe primes p: (p-1)/2 is also prime.

5, 7, 11, 23, 47, 59, 83, 107, 167, 179, 227, 263, 347, 359, 383, 467, 479, 503, 563, 587, 719, 839, 863, 887, 983, 1019, 1187, 1283, 1307, 1319, 1367, 1439, 1487, 1523, 1619, 1823, 1907, 2027, 2039, 2063, 2099, 2207, 2447, 2459, 2579, 2819, 2879, 2903, 2963

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

Then (p-1)/2 is called a Sophie Germain prime: see A005384.
Or, primes of the form 2p+1 where p is prime.
Primes p such that denominator(Bernoulli(p-1) + 1/p) = 6. - Mohammed Bouayoun (bouyao(AT)wanadoo.fr), Feb 10 2004
Primes p such that p-1 is a semiprime. - Zak Seidov, Jul 01 2005
A156659(a(n)) = 1; A156875 gives numbers of safe primes <= n. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 18 2009
From Daniel Forgues, Jul 31 2009: (Start)
A safe prime p is 7 or of the form 6k-1, k >= 1, i.e., p == 5 (mod 6).
A prime p of the form 6k+1, k >= 2, i.e., p = 1 (mod 6), cannot be a safe prime since (p-1)/2 is composite and divisible by 3. (End)
If k is the product of the n-th safe prime p and its corresponding Sophie Germain prime (p-1)/2, then a(n) = 2(k-phi(k))/3 + 1, where phi is Euler's totient function. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Oct 03 2013
From Bob Selcoe, Apr 14 2014: (Start)
When the n-th prime is divided by all primes up to the (n-1)-th prime, safe primes (p) have remainders of 1 when divided by 2 and (p-1)/2 and no other primes. That is, p(mod j)=1 iff j={2,(p-1)/2}; p>j, {p,j}=>prime.  Explanation: Generally, x(mod y)=1 iff x=y'+1, where y' is the set of divisors of y, y'>1. Since safe primes (p) are of the form p(mod j)=1 iff p and j are prime, then j={j'}. That is, since j is prime, there are no divisors of j (greater than 1) other than j.  Therefore, no primes other than j exist which satisfy the equation p(mod j)=1.
Except primes of the form 2^n+1 (n>=0), all non-safe primes (p') will have at least one prime (p") greater than 2 and less than (p-1)/2 such that p'(mod p")=1. Explanation: Non-safe primes (p') are of the form p'(mod k)=1 where k is composite. This means prime divisors of k exist, and p" is the set of prime divisors of k (example p'=89: k=44; p"={2,11}).  The exception applies because p"={2} iff p'=2^n+1.
Refer to the rows in triangle A207409 for illustration and further explanation. (End)
Conjecture: there is a strengthening of the Bertrand postulate for n >= 24: the interval (n, 2*n) contains a safe prime. It has been tested by Peter J. C. Moses up to n = 10^7. - Vladimir Shevelev, Jul 06 2015
The six known safe primes p such that (p-1)/2 is a Fibonacci prime are in A263880. - Jonathan Sondow, Nov 04 2015
The only term in common with A005383 is 5. - Zak Seidov, Dec 31 2015
From the fourth entry onward, do these correspond to Smarandache's problem 34 (see A007931 link), specifically values which cannot be used (do not meet conditions) to confirm the conjecture? - Bill McEachen, Sep 29 2016
Primes p with the property that there is a prime q such that p+q^2 is a square. - Zak Seidov, Feb 16 2017
It is conjectured that there are infinitely many safe primes, and their estimated asymptotic density ~ 2C/(log n)^2 (where C = 0.66... is the twin prime constant A005597) converges to the actual value as far as we know. - M. F. Hasler, Jun 14 2021

M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, eds., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, National Bureau of Standards Applied Math. Series 55, 1964 (and various reprintings), p. 870.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, eds., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, National Bureau of Standards, Applied Math. Series 55, Tenth Printing, 1972 [alternative scanned copy].
A. R. Ashrafi and F. Koorepazan-Moftakhar, Towards the Classification of Finite Simple Groups with exactly Three or Four Supercharacter Theories, arXiv preprint arXiv:1605.08971 [math.GR], 2016.
R. P. Boas & N. J. A. Sloane, Correspondence, 1974.
Siji Chen and Sheng Chen, Connectedness of digraphs from quadratic polynomials, Involve (2020) Vol. 13, No. 2, 357-360.
Benoit Cloitre, On the fractal behavior of primes, 2011.
L. H. Gallardo and O. Rahavandrainy, There are finitely many even perfect polynomials over F_p with p+1 irreducible divisors, Acta Mathematica Universitatis Comenianae, Vol. 83, No. 2, 2016, 261-275.
David Naccache, Double-Speed Safe Prime Generation, IACR, Report 2003/175, 2003.
Planetmath, Safe prime.
Michael J. Wiener, Safe Prime Generation with a Combined Sieve, IACR, Report 2003/186, 2003.
Wikipedia, Safe prime.

Cf. A007700, A023272, A023302, A023330, A057331, A005602, A207409, A263880.
Except for the initial term, this is identical to A079148.
Cf. A005384, A005383.
Subsequence of A088707.
Primes in A072055.

a005385 n = a005385_list !! (n-1)
a005385_list = filter ((== 1) . a010051 . (`div` 2)) a000040_list
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Sep 18 2011

[p: p in PrimesUpTo(3000) | IsPrime((p-1) div 2)]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Jul 06 2015

with(numtheory); [ seq(safeprime(i),i=1..3000) ]: convert(%,set); convert(%,list); sort(%);
A005385_list := n->select(i->isprime(iquo(i,2)),select(i->isprime(i),[$1..n])): # Peter Luschny, Nov 08 2010

Select[Prime[Range[1000]],PrimeQ[(#-1)/2]&] (* Zak Seidov, Jan 26 2011 *)

g(n) = forprime(x=2,n,y=x+x+1;if(isprime(y),print1(y","))) \\ Cino Hilliard, Sep 12 2004

[x|x<-primes(10^3), bigomega(x-1)==2] \\ Altug Alkan, Nov 04 2015

from sympy import isprime, primerange
def aupto(limit):
  alst = []
  for p in primerange(1, limit+1):
    if isprime((p-1)//2): alst.append(p)
  return alst
print(aupto(2963)) # Michael S. Branicky, May 07 2021

a(n) = 2 * A005384(n) + 1.

More terms from Larry Reeves (larryr(AT)acm.org), Feb 15 2001

A005478 Prime Fibonacci numbers.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 3, 5, 13, 89, 233, 1597, 28657, 514229, 433494437, 2971215073, 99194853094755497, 1066340417491710595814572169, 19134702400093278081449423917, 475420437734698220747368027166749382927701417016557193662268716376935476241

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

a(n) == 1 (mod 4) for n > 2. (Proof. Otherwise 3 < a(n) = F_k == 3 (mod 4). Then k == 4 (mod 6) (see A079343 and A161553) and so k is not prime. But k is prime since F_k is prime and k != 4 - see Caldwell.)
More generally, A190949(n) == 1 (mod 4). - N. J. A. Sloane
With the exception of 3, every term of this sequence has a prime index in the sequence of Fibonacci numbers (A000045); e.g., 5 is the fifth Fibonacci number, 13 is the seventh Fibonacci number, 89 the eleventh, etc. - Alonso del Arte, Aug 16 2013
Note: A001605 gives those indices. - Antti Karttunen, Aug 16 2013
The six known safe primes 2p + 1 such that p is a Fibonacci prime are in A263880; the values of p are in A155011. There are only two known Fibonacci primes p for which 2p - 1 is also prime, namely, p = 2 and 3. Is there a reason for this bias toward prime 2p + 1 over 2p - 1 among Fibonacci primes p? - Jonathan Sondow, Nov 04 2015

J.-M. De Koninck, Ces nombres qui nous fascinent, Entry 89, p. 32, Ellipses, Paris 2008.
R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, Section A3.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

N. J. A. Sloane, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..23
John Brillhart, Peter L. Montgomery and Robert D. Silverman, Tables of Fibonacci and Lucas factorizations, Math. Comp. 50 (1988), 251-260.
Chris Caldwell's The Top Twenty, Fibonacci Number.
Shyam Sunder Gupta, Fabulous Fibonacci Numbers, Lucas Numbers, and Golden Ratio, Exploring the Beauty of Fascinating Numbers, Springer (2025) Ch. 8, 223-274.
Ron Knott, Mathematics of the Fibonacci Series
Tony D. Noe and Jonathan Vos Post, Primes in Fibonacci n-step and Lucas n-step Sequences, J. of Integer Sequences, Vol. 8 (2005), Article 05.4.4.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Fibonacci Prime

Cf. A001605, A000045, A030426, A075736, A099000, A263880.
Subsequence of A178762.
Column k=1 of A303216.

Select[Fibonacci[Range[400]], PrimeQ] (* Alonso del Arte, Oct 13 2011 *)

je=[]; for(n=0,400, if(isprime(fibonacci(n)),je=concat(je,fibonacci(n)))); je

from itertools import islice
from sympy import isprime
def A005478_gen(): # generator of terms
    a, b = 1, 1
    while True:
        if isprime(b):
            yield b
        a, b = b, a+b
A005478_list = list(islice(A005478_gen(),10)) # Chai Wah Wu, Jun 25 2024

[i for i in fibonacci_xrange(0,10^80) if is_prime(i)] # Bruno Berselli, Jun 26 2014

a(n) = A000045(A001605(n)). A000040 INTERSECT A000045. - R. J. Mathar, Nov 01 2007

Sequence corrected by Enoch Haga, Feb 11 2000
One more term from Jason Earls, Jul 12 2001
Comment and proof added by Jonathan Sondow, May 24 2011

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A005385 Safe primes p: (p-1)/2 is also prime.

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A005478 Prime Fibonacci numbers.

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A155011 Sophie Germain Fibonacci prime numbers.

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