cp's OEIS Frontend

Row sums of triangle in A123149. - Philippe Deléham, May 04 2012

This is simply the classic sequence A038754 prefixed by a 1. - N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 23 2017

Binomial transform is A057960.

Range of row n of the circular Pascal array of order 6. - Shaun V. Ault, May 30 2014

a(n) is also the number of achiral color patterns in a row or cycle of length n using three or fewer colors. Two color patterns are the same if we permute the colors, so ABCAB=BACBA. For a cycle, we can rotate the colors, so ABCAB=CABAB. A row is achiral if it is the same as some color permutation of its reverse. Thus the reversal of ABCAB is BACBA, which is equivalent to ABCAB when we permute A and B. A cycle is achiral if it is the same as some rotation of some color permutation of its reverse. Thus CABAB reversed is BABAC. We can permute A and B to get ABABC and then rotate to get CABAB, so CABAB is achiral. It is interesting that the number of achiral color patterns is the same for rows and cycles. - Robert A. Russell, Mar 10 2018

Also, the number of walks of length n on the graph 0--1--2--3--4 starting at vertex 0. - Sean A. Irvine, Jun 03 2025

Two color patterns are equivalent if the colors are permuted.

Adnk[d,n,k] in Mathematica program is coefficient of x^k in A(d,n)(x) in Gilbert and Riordan reference.

Two color patterns are equivalent if the colors are permuted.

In an unoriented row, chiral pairs are counted as one.

T(n,k) = Pi_k(P_n) which is the number of non-equivalent partitions of the path on n vertices, with at most k parts. Two partitions P1 and P2 of a graph G are said to be equivalent if there is a nontrivial automorphism of G which maps P1 onto P2. - Mohammad Hadi Shekarriz, Aug 21 2019

From Allan Bickle, Apr 05 2022: (Start)

The columns count unlabeled k-paths with n+k+2 vertices. (A k-path with order n at least k+2 is a k-tree with exactly two k-leaves (vertices of degree k). It can be constructed from a clique with k+1 vertices by iteratively adding a new degree k vertex adjacent to an existing clique containing an existing k-leaf.)

Recurrences for the columns appear in the papers by Bickle, Eckhoff, and Markenzon et al. (End)

Two color patterns are equivalent if the colors are permuted.

A chiral row is not equivalent to its reverse.

T(n,k)=Xi_k(P_n) which is the number of non-equivalent distinguishing partitions of the path on n vertices, with at most k parts. Two partitions P1 and P2 of a graph G are said to be equivalent if there is a nontrivial automorphism of G which maps P1 onto P2. A distinguishing partition is a partition of the vertex set of G such that no nontrivial automorphism of G can preserve it. - Bahman Ahmadi, Sep 02 2019

Arndt and Sloane (see the link and A278984) identify the sequence to give "the number of words of length n over an alphabet of size b that are in standard order" and provide the formula Sum_{j = 1..b} Stirling_2(n, j) assuming b >= 1 and j >= 1. Compared to the array as defined here this misses the first row and the first column of our array.

The method used here is the special case of a general method described in A320956 applied to the function exp. For applications to other functions see the cross references.

A(k,n) is the number of color patterns (set partitions) for an oriented row of length n using up to k colors (subsets). Two color patterns are equivalent if the colors are permuted. For A(3,4) = 14, the six achiral patterns are AAAA, AABB, ABAB, ABBA, ABBC, and ABCA; the eight chiral patterns are the four chiral pairs AAAB-ABBB, AABA-ABAA, AABC-ABCC, and ABAC-ABCB. - Robert A. Russell, Nov 10 2018

An equivalent color pattern is obtained when we permute the colors. Thus all permutations of ABCD are equivalent, as are AABCD and BBCDA. A color pattern is achiral if it is equivalent to its reversal. Rotations of the colors of a cycle are equivalent, so for cycles AABBCD = BBCDAA = CDAABB.

Two color patterns are equivalent if the colors are permuted. An unoriented cycle counts each chiral pair as one, i.e., they are equivalent.

Adnk[d,n,k] in Mathematica program is coefficient of x^k in A(d,n)(x) in Gilbert and Riordan reference.

T(n,k)=Pi_k(C_n) which is the number of non-equivalent partitions of the cycle on n vertices, with at most k parts. Two partitions P1 and P2 of a graph G are said to be equivalent if there is a nontrivial automorphism of G which maps P1 onto P2. - Bahman Ahmadi, Aug 21 2019

In other words, the number of n-bead bracelet structures using a maximum of k different colored beads. - Andrew Howroyd, Oct 30 2019

An equivalent color pattern is obtained when we permute the colors. Thus all permutations of ABCDE are equivalent, as are AABCDE and BBCDEA. A color pattern is achiral if it is equivalent to its reversal. Rotations of the colors of a cycle are equivalent, so for cycles AABBCDE = BBCDEAA = CDEAABB.

An equivalent color pattern is obtained when we permute the colors. Thus all permutations of ABCDE are equivalent, as are AABCDEF and BBCDEFA. A color pattern is achiral if it is equivalent to its reversal. Rotations of the colors of a cycle are equivalent, so for cycles AABCCDEF = BCCDEFAA = CCDEFAAB.

Two color patterns are equivalent if the colors are permuted. An oriented cycle counts each chiral pair as two.

Adnk[d,n,k] in Mathematica program is coefficient of x^k in A(d,n)(x) in Gilbert and Riordan reference.

In other words, the number of n-bead necklace structures using a maximum of k different colored beads. - Andrew Howroyd, Oct 30 2019