A007442 -id:A007442 - cp's OEIS frontend

A377042 Position of first zero in the n-th differences of the squarefree numbers (A005117), or 0 if it does not appear.

0, 0, 1, 11, 8, 57, 14, 11, 13, 1019, 44, 1250, 43, 2721, 42, 249522, 2840, 1989839, 2839, 3373774, 4933, 142715511, 42793, 435650856, 5266, 30119361, 104063, 454172978707, 100285, 434562125244, 2755089, 2409925829164, 2485612

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Oct 18 2024

a(n) for n even appear to be smaller than a(n) for n odd. - Chai Wah Wu, Oct 19 2024

a(33) > 10^13, unless it is 0. - Lucas A. Brown, Nov 15 2024

			The fourth differences begin: -3, 3, 1, -6, 7, -5, 3, 0, -2, ... so a(4) = 8

Lucas A. Brown, Python program.

The version for primes is A376678, noncomposites A376855, composites A377037.
This is the first position of 0 in each row of A377038.
For nonsquarefree numbers we have A377050.
For prime-powers we have A377055.
A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223, seconds A036263.
A005117 lists the squarefree numbers, complement A013929 (differences A078147).
A073576 counts integer partitions into squarefree numbers, factorizations A050320.
A377039 gives antidiagonal-sums of A377038, absolute version A377040.
A377041 gives first column of A377038, for primes A007442 or A030016.
Cf. A007674, A053797, A053806, A061398, A072284, A076259, A112925, A120992, A376311, A376590, A376591, A377046.

nn=10000;
u=Table[Differences[Select[Range[nn],SquareFreeQ],k],{k,2,16}];
mnrm[s_]:=If[Min@@s==1,mnrm[DeleteCases[s-1,0]]+1,0];
m=Table[Position[u[[k]],0][[1,1]],{k,mnrm[Union[First/@Position[u,0]]]}]

a(15)-a(20) from Chai Wah Wu, Oct 19 2024

a(21)-a(32) from Lucas A. Brown, Nov 15 2024

A377052 Antidiagonal-sums of the array A377051(n,k) = n-th term of k-th differences of powers of primes.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 13, -6, 45, -50, 113, -98, 73, 274, -1159, 3563, -8707, 19024, -36977, 64582, -98401, 121436, -81961, -147383, 860871, -2709964, 7110655, -17077217, 38873213, -85085216, 179965720, -367884935, 725051361, -1372311916, 2481473639, -4257624155

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Oct 22 2024

sign

These are the row-sums of the triangle-version of A377051.

			The sixth antidiagonal of A377051 is (8, 1, -1, -2, -3, -4, -5), so a(6) = -6.

The version for primes is A140119, noncomposites A376683, composites A377034.
For squarefree numbers we have A377039, nonsquarefree A377047.
These are the antidiagonal-sums of A377051.
The unsigned version is A377053.
For leaders we have A377054, for primes A007442 or A030016.
For first zero-positions we have A377055.
A version for partitions is A377056, cf. A175804, A053445, A281425, A320590.
A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223, seconds A036263.
A001597 lists perfect-powers, complement A007916.
A023893 and A023894 count integer partitions into prime-powers, factorizations A000688.
Cf. A000961, A025475, A053707, A057820, A093555, A174965, A246655, A361102, A376340, A376596, A376598.

nn=20;
t=Table[Differences[NestList[NestWhile[#+1&, #+1,!PrimePowerQ[#]&]&,1,2*nn],k],{k,0,nn}];
Total/@Table[t[[j,i-j+1]],{i,nn},{j,i}]

A377053 Antidiagonal-sums of the absolute value of the array A377051(n,k) = n-th term of k-th differences of powers of primes.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 13, 24, 45, 80, 123, 174, 229, 382, 1219, 3591, 8849, 19288, 37899, 67442, 108323, 156054, 206733, 311525, 860955, 2710374, 7111657, 17080759, 38884849, 85124764, 180097856, 368321633, 726482493, 1377039690, 2496856437, 4306569569, 7016267449

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Oct 22 2024

nonn

These are the row-sums of the absolute value of the triangle-version of A377051.

			The sixth antidiagonal of A377051 is (8, 1, -1, -2, -3, -4, -5), so a(6) = 24.

The version for primes is A376681, noncomposites A376684, composites A377035.
For squarefree numbers we have A377040, nonsquarefree A377048.
This is the antidiagonal-sums of the absolute value of A377051.
The signed version is A377052.
For leaders we have A377054, for primes A007442 or A030016.
For first zero-positions we have A377055.
A version for partitions is A377056, cf. A175804, A053445, A281425, A320590.
A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223, seconds A036263.
A008578 lists the noncomposites, differences A075526.
A023893 and A023894 count integer partitions into prime-powers, factorizations A000688.
Cf. A000961, A025475, A053707, A057820, A069623, A093555, A174965, A246655, A361102, A376340, A376596.

nn=20;
t=Table[Differences[NestList[NestWhile[#+1&, #+1,!PrimePowerQ[#]&]&,1,2*nn],k],{k,0,nn}];
Total/@Abs[Table[t[[j,i-j+1]],{i,nn},{j,i}]]

A377055 Position of first appearance of zero in the n-th differences of the prime-powers (A246655), or 0 if it does not appear.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 1, 4, 48, 61, 83, 29, 57, 290, 121, 7115, 14207, 68320, 14652, 149979, 122704, 481540, 980376, 632441, 29973, 25343678, 50577935, 7512418, 210836403, 67253056, 224083553, 910629561, 931524323, 452509699, 2880227533, 396690327, 57954538325, 77572935454, 35395016473

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Oct 22 2024

nonn

			The fourth differences of A246655 begin: 1, -3, 3, 0, -2, 2, ... so a(4) = 4.

Lucas A. Brown, Python program.

The version for primes is A376678, noncomposites A376855, composites A377037.
For squarefree numbers we have A377042, nonsquarefree A377050.
These are the positions of first zeros in each row of A377051.
For antidiagonal-sums we have A377052, absolute A377053.
For leaders we have A377054, for primes A007442 or A030016.
A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223, seconds A036263.
A000961 lists the powers of primes, differences A057820.
A008578 lists the noncomposites, differences A075526.
A023893 and A023894 count integer partitions into prime-powers, factorizations A000688.
A246655 lists the prime-powers, differences A057820 (except first term).
Cf. A025475, A053707, A093555, A174965, A175804, A361102, A376340, A376596, A377056.

nn=10000;
u=Table[Differences[Select[Range[nn],PrimePowerQ],k],{k,2,16}];
mnrm[s_]:=If[Min@@s==1,mnrm[DeleteCases[s-1,0]]+1,0];
m=Table[Position[u[[k]],0][[1,1]], {k,mnrm[Union[First/@Position[u,0]]]}]

a(12)-a(27) from Pontus von Brömssen, Oct 22 2024
a(28)-a(30) from Chai Wah Wu, Oct 23 2024
a(31)-a(35) from Lucas A. Brown, Nov 03 2024

A377041 First term of the n-th differences of the squarefree numbers. Inverse zero-based binomial transform of A005117.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 0, 1, -3, 6, -8, 3, 22, -92, 252, -578, 1189, -2255, 3991, -6617, 10245, -14626, 18666, -19635, 12104, 13090, -69122, 171478, -332718, 552138, -798629, 982514, -901485, 116219, 2351842, -8715135, 23856206, -57926011, 130281064, -273804584, 535390333

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Oct 18 2024

sign

The version for primes is A007442, noncomposites A030016, composites A377036.
This is the first column of A377038.
For nonsquarefree numbers we have A377049.
For prime-powers we have A377054.
A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223, seconds A036263.
A005117 lists the squarefree numbers, complement A013929 (differences A078147).
A073576 counts integer partitions into squarefree numbers, factorizations A050320.
A377042 gives first position of 0 in each row of A377038.
Cf. A053797, A053806, A061398, A072284, A076259, A120992, A376311, A376590, A376591, A377040, A377046.

q=Select[Range[100],SquareFreeQ];
t=Table[Sum[(-1)^(j-k)*Binomial[j,k]*q[[1+k]],{k,0,j}],{j,0,Length[q]/2}]

The inverse zero-based binomial transform of a sequence (q(0), q(1), q(2), ...) is the sequence p given by:

p(j) = sum_{k=0..j} (-1)^(j-k) binomial(j,k) q(k)

A377036 First term of the n-th differences of the composite numbers. Inverse zero-based binomial transform of A002808.

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 2, 0, -1, 2, -2, 0, 4, -8, 8, 0, -16, 32, -32, -1, 78, -233, 687, -2363, 8160, -25670, 72352, -184451, 430937, -933087, 1888690, -3597221, 6479696, -11086920, 18096128, -28307626, 42644791, -62031001, 86466285, -110902034, 110907489, -52325, -483682930

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Oct 18 2024

sign

The version for prime instead of composite is A007442.
For noncomposite numbers we have A030016.
This is the first column (n=1) of A377033.
For row-sums we have A377034, absolute version A377035.
First zero positions are A377037, cf. A376678, A376855, A377042, A377050, A377055.
For squarefree instead of composite we have A377041, nonsquarefree A377049.
For prime-power instead of composite we have A377054.
Other arrays of differences: A095195 (prime), A376682 (noncomposite), A377033 (composite), A377038 (squarefree), A377046 (nonsquarefree), A377051 (prime-power).
A000040 lists the primes, differences A001223, seconds A036263.
A002808 lists the composite numbers, differences A073783, seconds A073445.
A008578 lists the noncomposites, differences A075526.
Cf: A018252, A065310, A065890, A140119, A173390, A333214, A376602 (zero), A376603 (nonzero), A376651 (positive), A376652 (negative), A376680.

q=Select[Range[100],CompositeQ];
t=Table[Sum[(-1)^(j-k)*Binomial[j,k]*q[[1+k]],{k,0,j}],{j,0,Length[q]-1}]

The inverse zero-based binomial transform of a sequence (q(0), q(1), ..., q(m)) is the sequence p given by:

p(j) = sum_{k=0..j} (-1)^(j-k) binomial(j,k) q(k)

A320591 Expansion of Product_{k>=1} (1 + x^k/(1 + x)^k).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 0, 1, -2, 4, -7, 11, -16, 23, -36, 65, -129, 256, -473, 772, -1028, 835, 776, -5755, 17562, -41750, 86678, -165145, 299949, -541837, 1020029, -2068203, 4509512, -10252952, 23465297, -52762788, 115160832, -243018459, 496094524, -982431070, 1894710043, -3574095362

Offset: 0

Ilya Gutkovskiy, Oct 16 2018

After the first term, this is the second term of the n-th differences of A000009, or column n=1 of A378622. - Gus Wiseman, Feb 03 2025

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000

Cf. A000593, A320589, A307548.
The version for non-strict partitions is A320590, row n=1 of A175804.
Column n=1 (except first term) of A378622. See also A293467, A377285, A378970, A378971, A380412 (column n=0).
A000009 counts strict integer partitions, differences A087897, A378972.
A266232 gives zero-based binomial transform of strict partitions, differences A129519.
Cf. A000041, A007442, A002865, A008284, A095195, A103446, A116608, A218482, A281425, A320568.

m:=50; R:=PowerSeriesRing(Rationals(), m); Coefficients(R! ( (&*[(1 + x^k/(1 + x)^k): k in [1..(m+2)]]) )); // G. C. Greubel, Oct 29 2018

seq(coeff(series(mul((1+x^k/(1+x)^k),k=1..n),x,n+1), x, n), n = 0 .. 37); # Muniru A Asiru, Oct 16 2018

nmax = 37; CoefficientList[Series[Product[(1 + x^k/(1 + x)^k), {k, 1, nmax}], {x, 0, nmax}], x]
nmax = 37; CoefficientList[Series[Exp[Sum[Sum[(-1)^(k/d + 1) d, {d, Divisors[k]}] x^k/(k (1 + x)^k), {k, 1, nmax}]], {x, 0, nmax}], x]
Prepend[Table[Differences[PartitionsQ/@Range[0,k+1],k][[2]],{k,0,30}],1] (* Gus Wiseman, Jan 29 2025 *)

m=50; x='x+O('x^m); Vec(prod(k=1, m+2, (1 + x^k/(1 + x)^k))) \\ G. C. Greubel, Oct 29 2018

G.f.: exp(Sum_{k>=1} (-1)^(k+1)*x^k/(k*((1 + x)^k - x^k))).
G.f.: exp(Sum_{k>=1} A000593(k)*x^k/(k*(1 + x)^k)).
From Peter Bala, Dec 22 2020: (Start)
O.g.f.: Sum_{n >= 0}  x^(n*(n+1)/2)/Product_{k = 1..n} ((1 + x)^k - x^k). Cf. A307548.
Conjectural o.g.f.: (1/2) * Sum_{n >= 0} x^(n*(n-1)/2)*(1 + x)^n/( Product_{k = 1..n} ( (1 + x)^k - x^k ) ). (End)
a(n+1) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^(n-k) binomial(n,k) A000009(k+1). - Gus Wiseman, Feb 03 2025

A082594 Constant term when a polynomial of degree n-1 is fitted to the first n primes.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 1, 2, 3, 6, 15, 38, 91, 206, 443, 900, 1701, 2914, 4303, 4748, 1081, -14000, -55335, -150394, -346163, -716966, -1369429, -2432788, -4002993, -5964748, -7525017, -6123026, 4900093, 40900520, 134308945, 348584680, 798958751, 1678213244, 3277458981, 5972923998, 10110994307

Offset: 1

Cino Hilliard, May 08 2003

sign

The polynomial is to pass through the points (k, prime(k)), k=1..n.
The constant term is always an integer because it is the same as f(0), which can be computed from the difference table of the sequence of primes. See Conway and Guy. In fact, the interpolating polynomial is integral for all integer arguments.
A plot of the first 1000 terms shows that the sequence grows exponentially and changes signs occasionally. The Mathematica lines show two ways of computing the sequence. The second, which uses the difference table, is much faster.
The dual sequence (in the sense of Sun, q.v.) of the primes. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Oct 03 2013

			For n=4, we fit a cubic through the 4 points (1,2),(2,3),(3,5),(4,7) to obtain a(4) = 3.

J. H. Conway and R. K. Guy, The Book of Numbers, Copernicus Press, NY, 1996, p. 80

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
Author?, Sicurvqf
T. D. Noe, Plot of A082594
Zhi-Wei Sun, Combinatorial identities in dual sequences, European J. Combin. 24:6 (2003), pp. 709-718.

Cf. A007442, A140119.

Table[Coefficient[Expand[InterpolatingPolynomial[Prime[Range[n]], x]], x, 0], {n, 50}]
Diff[lst_List] := Table[lst[[i+1]]-lst[[i]], {i, Length[lst]-1}]; n=50; dt=Table[{}, {n}]; dt[[1]]=Prime[Range[n]]; Do[dt[[i]]=Diff[dt[[i-1]]], {i, 2, n}]; Table[s=dt[[i, 1]]; Do[s=dt[[i-j, 1]]-s, {j, i-1}]; s, {i, n}]

dual(v:vec)=vector(#v,i,-sum(j=0,i-1,binomial(i-1,j)*(-1)^j*v[j+1]))
dual(concat(0,primes(100)))[2..101] \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Oct 03 2013

{a(n) = sum(k=0, n-1, sum(i=0, k, binomial(k, i) * (-1)^i * prime(i+1)))}; /* Michael Somos, Dec 02 2020 */

a(n) = sum{k=1, .., n} (-1)^(k+1) A007442(k)

Edited by T. D. Noe, May 08 2003

A380412 First term of the n-th differences of the strict partition numbers. Inverse zero-based binomial transform of A000009.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 0, 1, -3, 7, -14, 25, -41, 64, -100, 165, -294, 550, -1023, 1795, -2823, 3658, -2882, -2873, 20435, -62185, 148863, -314008, 613957, -1155794, 2175823, -4244026, 8753538, -19006490, 42471787, -95234575, 210395407, -453413866, 949508390, -1931939460

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Feb 03 2025

sign

Up to sign, same as A293467.

The version for non-strict partitions is A281425, row n=0 of A175804.
Column n=0 of A378622.
A000009 counts strict integer partitions, differences A087897, A378972.
A266232 gives zero-based binomial transform of A000009, differences A129519.
Cf. A000041, A007442, A008284, A218482, A293467, A320590, A320591, A377285, A378970.

nn=10;Table[First[Differences[PartitionsQ/@Range[0,nn],n]],{n,0,nn}]

a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^(n-k) binomial(n,k) A000041(k).

A125179 Triangle read by rows: T(n,1) = prime(n) (the n-th prime); T(n,k) = 0 for k > n; T(n,k) = T(n-1,k) + T(n-1,k-1) for 2 <= k <= n (1 <= k <= n).

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 3, 2, 5, 5, 2, 7, 10, 7, 2, 11, 17, 17, 9, 2, 13, 28, 34, 26, 11, 2, 17, 41, 62, 60, 37, 13, 2, 19, 58, 103, 122, 97, 50, 15, 2, 23, 77, 161, 225, 219, 147, 65, 17, 2, 29, 100, 238, 386, 444, 366, 212, 82, 19, 2, 31, 129, 338, 624, 830, 810, 578, 294, 101, 21, 2, 37, 160, 467

Offset: 1

Gary W. Adamson, Nov 22 2006

Sum of row n = A125180(n).

			Triangle starts:
   2;
   3,  2;
   5,  5,  2;
   7, 10,  7,  2;
  11, 17, 17,  9,  2;
  13, 28, 34, 26, 11,  2;
  17, 41, 62, 60, 37, 13,  2;

Cf. A125180 (row sums), A007442, A254858 (rows reversed).

Cf. A007504.

T:=proc(n,k) if k=1 then ithprime(n) elif k>n then 0 else T(n-1,k)+T(n-1,k-1) fi end: for n from 1 to 12 do seq(T(n,k),k=1..n) od; # yields sequence in triangular form

nmax = 11;
row[1] = Prime[Range[nmax]];
row[n_] := row[n] = row[n-1] // Accumulate;
T[n_, k_] := row[n][[k]];
Table[T[n-k+1, k], {n, 1, nmax}, {k, n, 1, -1}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 11 2021 *)

T(n,2) = A007504(n-1) (n>=2).

Edited by N. J. A. Sloane, Dec 02 2006

cp's OEIS Frontend

A377042 Position of first zero in the n-th differences of the squarefree numbers (A005117), or 0 if it does not appear.

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A377052 Antidiagonal-sums of the array A377051(n,k) = n-th term of k-th differences of powers of primes.

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A377053 Antidiagonal-sums of the absolute value of the array A377051(n,k) = n-th term of k-th differences of powers of primes.

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A377055 Position of first appearance of zero in the n-th differences of the prime-powers (A246655), or 0 if it does not appear.

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A377041 First term of the n-th differences of the squarefree numbers. Inverse zero-based binomial transform of A005117.

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A377036 First term of the n-th differences of the composite numbers. Inverse zero-based binomial transform of A002808.

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A320591 Expansion of Product_{k>=1} (1 + x^k/(1 + x)^k).

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A082594 Constant term when a polynomial of degree n-1 is fitted to the first n primes.

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