cp's OEIS Frontend

We consider (for example) that 2x + y + 3z is a positive linear combination of (x,y,z), but 2x + y is not, as the coefficient of z is 0.

Inverse binomial transform yields two zeros followed by A077917 (a signed variant of A127864).

a(n) mod 10 is zero followed by a sequence with period length 8: 0, 1, 2, 7, 4, 7, 4, 5 (repeat).

a(n) is the number of length n+1 binary words with some prefix w such that w contains three more 1's than 0's and no prefix of w contains three more 0's than 1's. - Geoffrey Critzer, Dec 13 2013

From Gus Wiseman, Oct 06 2023: (Start)

Also the number of subsets of {1..n} with two distinct elements summing to n + 1. For example, the a(2) = 1 through a(5) = 14 subsets are:

{1,2} {1,3} {1,4} {1,5}

{1,2,3} {2,3} {2,4}

{1,2,3} {1,2,4}

{1,2,4} {1,2,5}

{1,3,4} {1,3,5}

{2,3,4} {1,4,5}

{1,2,3,4} {2,3,4}

{2,4,5}

{1,2,3,4}

{1,2,3,5}

{1,2,4,5}

{1,3,4,5}

{2,3,4,5}

{1,2,3,4,5}

The complement is counted by A038754.

Allowing twins gives A167936, complement A108411.

For n instead of n + 1 we have A365544, complement A068911.

The version for all subsets (not just pairs) is A366130.

(End)

Also subsets of {1..n} containing n whose greatest element cannot be written as a positive linear combination of the others.

Is there only one case of nonzero adjacent equal parts, at position n = 6?

See A225367 for the sequence that counts all base 3 palindromes, including 0 (and thus also the number of n-digit terms in A006072). -- A nonzero palindrome of length L=2k-1 or of length L=2k is determined by the first k digits, which then determine the last k digits by symmetry. Since the first digit cannot be 0, there are 2*3^(k-1) possibilities. - M. F. Hasler, May 05 2013

From Gus Wiseman, Oct 18 2023: (Start)

Also the number of subsets of {1..n} with n not the sum of two subset elements (possibly the same). For example, the a(0) = 1 through a(4) = 6 subsets are:

{} {} {} {} {}

{1} {2} {1} {1}

{2} {3}

{3} {4}

{1,3} {1,4}

{2,3} {3,4}

For subsets with no subset summing to n we have A365377.

Requiring pairs to be distinct gives A068911, complement A365544.

The complement is counted by A366131.

(End) [Edited by Peter Munn, Nov 22 2023]

In other words, strict partitions with parts not disjoint from first differences.

In other words, partitions whose parts are not disjoint from their first differences.

The Heinz number of a partition (y_1,...,y_k) is prime(y_1)*...*prime(y_k). This gives a bijective correspondence between positive integers and integer partitions.

We consider (for example) that 2x + y + 3z is a positive linear combination of (x,y,z), but 2x + y is not, as the coefficient of z is 0.

Also the number of nonempty subsets of {1..n-1} that cannot be linearly combined using all positive coefficients to obtain n. - Gus Wiseman, Sep 10 2023

Sets of this type may be called "positive combination-free".

Also subsets of {1..n} such that no element can be written as a (strictly) positive linear combination of the others.