A003278 -id:A003278 - cp's OEIS frontend

A004793 a(1)=1, a(2)=3; a(n) is least k such that no three terms of a(1), a(2), ..., a(n-1), k form an arithmetic progression.

1, 3, 4, 6, 10, 12, 13, 15, 28, 30, 31, 33, 37, 39, 40, 42, 82, 84, 85, 87, 91, 93, 94, 96, 109, 111, 112, 114, 118, 120, 121, 123, 244, 246, 247, 249, 253, 255, 256, 258, 271, 273, 274, 276, 280, 282, 283, 285, 325, 327, 328, 330, 334, 336, 337, 339, 352, 354

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Clark Kimberling

nonn

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
F. Iacobescu, Smarandache Partition Type and Other Sequences, Bull. Pure Appl. Sci. 16E, 237-240, 1997.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Nonarithmetic Progression Sequence
Index entries related to non-averaging sequences

Equals A186776(n)+1, A033160(n)-1, A033163(n)-2.
Cf. A092482, A185256.
Row 1 of array in A093682.

a:= proc(n) local m, r, b; m, r, b:= n-1, 2-irem(n, 2), 1;
      while m>0 do r:= r+b*irem(m, 2, 'm'); b:= b*3 od; r
    end:
seq(a(n), n=1..100);  # Alois P. Heinz, Nov 02 2021

Select[Range[1000], MatchQ[IntegerDigits[#-1, 3], {(0|1)..., 0|2}]&] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jan 13 2019, after Tanya Khovanova in A186776 *)

v[1]=1; v[2]=3; for(n=3,1000,f=2; m=v[n-1]+1; while(1, forstep(k=n-1,1,-1,if(v[k]<(m+1)/2,f=1; break); for(l=1,k-1,if(m-v[k]==v[k]-v[l],f=0; break)); if(f<2,break)); if(!f,m=m+1;f=2); if(f==1,break)); v[n]=m) \\ Ralf Stephan

a(n)=if(n<1,1,if(n%2==0,3*a(n/2)-2-3*((n/2)%2),3*a((n-1)/2)-3*(((n-1)/2)%2))) \\ Ralf Stephan

a(n) = (3-n)/2 + 2*floor(n/2) + Sum_{k=1..n-1} 3^A007814(k)/2 = A003278(n) + [n is even], proved by Lawrence Sze, following a conjecture by Ralf Stephan.

a(n) = b(n-1), with b(0)=1, b(2n) = 3b(n) - 2 - 3[n odd], b(2n+1) = 3b(n)-3[n odd].

Rechecked by David W. Wilson, Jun 04 2002

A005839 Lexicographically earliest increasing nonnegative sequence that contains no 4-term arithmetic progression.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 18, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 33, 36, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 62, 64, 65, 66, 79, 86, 87, 88, 90, 93, 98, 101, 104, 105, 108, 109, 110, 121, 125, 135, 144, 148, 150, 151, 159, 162, 166, 168, 169, 170, 173, 175, 176, 182

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

nonn

a(n) = A005837(n) - 1. - Alois P. Heinz, Jan 31 2014

R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, E10.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

David W. Wilson, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000 a(1..1001) from _Alois P. Heinz_

Summary of increasing sequences avoiding arithmetic progressions of specified lengths (the second of each pair is obtained by adding 1 to the first):
3-term AP: A005836 (>=0), A003278 (>0);
4-term AP: A005839 (>=0), A005837 (>0);
5-term AP: A020654 (>=0), A020655 (>0);
6-term AP: A020656 (>=0), A005838 (>0);
7-term AP: A020657 (>=0), A020658 (>0);
8-term AP: A020659 (>=0), A020660 (>0);
9-term AP: A020661 (>=0), A020662 (>0);
10-term AP: A020663 (>=0), A020664 (>0).

t = {0, 1, 2}; Do[s = Table[Append[i, n], {i, Subsets[t, {3}]}];
If[! MemberQ[Table[Differences[i, 2], {i, s}], {0, 0}], AppendTo[t, n]], {n, 3, 200}]; t (* T. D. Noe, Apr 17 2014 *)

More terms from Jeffrey Shallit, Aug 15 1995.

Edited (with new offset, etc.) by N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 04 2016

A005837 Lexicographically earliest increasing sequence of positive numbers that contains no 4-term arithmetic progression.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16, 17, 19, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 34, 37, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 56, 57, 58, 63, 65, 66, 67, 80, 87, 88, 89, 91, 94, 99, 102, 105, 106, 109, 110, 111, 122, 126, 136, 145, 149, 151, 152, 160, 163, 167, 169, 170, 171, 174, 176, 177, 183, 187, 188, 194, 196

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Jeffrey Shallit

nonn

a(n) = A005839(n) + 1. - Alois P. Heinz, Jan 31 2014

N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Alois P. Heinz and Robert Israel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000 (n = 1..1001 from Alois P. Heinz)
J. L. Gerver and L. T. Ramsey, Sets of integers with no long arithmetic progressions generated by the greedy algorithm, Math. Comp., 33 (1979), 1353-1359.

Summary of increasing sequences avoiding arithmetic progressions of specified lengths (the second of each pair is obtained by adding 1 to the first):
3-term AP: A005836 (>=0), A003278 (>0);
4-term AP: A005839 (>=0), A005837 (>0);
5-term AP: A020654 (>=0), A020655 (>0);
6-term AP: A020656 (>=0), A005838 (>0);
7-term AP: A020657 (>=0), A020658 (>0);
8-term AP: A020659 (>=0), A020660 (>0);
9-term AP: A020661 (>=0), A020662 (>0);
10-term AP: A020663 (>=0), A020664 (>0).

Noap:= proc(N,m)
# N terms of earliest increasing seq with no m-term arithmetic progression
local A,forbid,n,c,ds,j;
A:= Vector(N):
A[1..m-1]:= <($1..m-1)>:
forbid:= {m}:
for n from m to N do
  c:= min({$A[n-1]+1..max(max(forbid)+1, A[n-1]+1)} minus forbid);
  A[n]:= c;
  ds:= convert(map(t -> c-t, A[m-2..n-1]),set);
  for j from m-2 to 2 by -1 do
    ds:= ds intersect convert(map(t -> (c-t)/j, A[m-j-1..n-j]),set);
    if ds = {} then break fi;
  od;
  forbid:= select(`>`,forbid,c) union map(`+`,ds,c);
od:
convert(A,list)
end proc:
Noap(100,4); # Robert Israel, Jan 04 2016

t = {1, 2, 3}; Do[s = Table[Append[i, n], {i, Subsets[t, {3}]}]; If[! MemberQ[Table[Differences[i, 2], {i, s}], {0, 0}], AppendTo[t, n]], {n, 4, 200}]; t (* T. D. Noe, Apr 17 2014 *)

Edited by M. F. Hasler, Jan 03 2016. Further edited (with new offset) by N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 04 2016

A011185 A B_2 sequence: a(n) = least value such that sequence increases and pairwise sums of distinct elements are all distinct.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 30, 39, 53, 74, 95, 128, 152, 182, 212, 258, 316, 374, 413, 476, 531, 546, 608, 717, 798, 862, 965, 1060, 1161, 1307, 1386, 1435, 1556, 1722, 1834, 1934, 2058, 2261, 2497, 2699, 2874, 3061, 3197, 3332, 3629, 3712, 3868, 4140, 4447, 4640

Offset: 1

Dan Hoey

nonn

a(n) = least positive integer > a(n-1) and not equal to a(i)+a(j)-a(k) for distinct i and j with 1 <= i,j,k <= n-1. [Comment corrected by Jean-Paul Delahaye, Oct 02 2020.]

Klaus Brockhaus and Dan Hoey, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..2839
Index entries for B_2 sequences.

Cf. A010672.
Cf. A033627, A003278, A026471, A066720, A075122, A075123, A133097.
Cf. A036241, A349777.

from itertools import islice
def agen(): # generator of terms
    aset, sset, k = set(), set(), 0
    while True:
        k += 1
        while any(k+an in sset for an in aset): k += 1
        yield k; sset.update(k+an for an in aset); aset.add(k)
print(list(islice(agen(), 51))) # Michael S. Branicky, Feb 05 2023

a(n) = A010672(n-1)+1.

A065825 Smallest k such that n numbers may be picked in {1,...,k} with no three terms in arithmetic progression.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 11, 13, 14, 20, 24, 26, 30, 32, 36, 40, 41, 51, 54, 58, 63, 71, 74, 82, 84, 92, 95, 100, 104, 111, 114, 121, 122, 137, 145, 150, 157, 163, 165, 169, 174, 194, 204, 209

Offset: 1

Ed Pegg Jr, Nov 23 2001

"Sequences containing no 3-term arithmetic progressions" is another phrase people may be searching for. See also A003002.
Don Reble notes large gaps between a(4k) and a(4k+1).
Ed Pegg Jr conjectures the 2^k term always equals (3^k+1)/2 and calls these "unprogressive" sets. Jaroslaw Wroblewski (jwr(AT)math.uni.wroc.pl), Nov 04 2003, remarks that this conjecture is known to be false.
Further comments from Jaroslaw Wroblewski (jwr(AT)math.uni.wroc.pl), Nov 05 2003: log a(n) / log n tends to 1 was established in 1946 by Behrend. This was extended by me in the Math. Comp. paper. Using appropriately chosen intervals from B(4,9,4) and B(6,9,11) I have determined that log (2a(n)-1) / log n < log 3 / log 2 holds for n=60974 and for n=2^19 since a(60974) <= 19197041, a(524288) <= 515749566. See my web page for further bounds.
Bloom & Sisask prove that a(n) >> n (log n)^(1+c) for an absolute (small) constant c > 0. This improves the o(1) in Behrend's result that log a(n)/log n = 1 + o(1) to log log n/log n. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Aug 04 2020

			a(9) = 20 = 1 2 6 7 9 14 15 18 20
a(10) = 24 = 1 2 5 7 11 16 18 19 23 24
a(11) = 26 = 1 2 5 7 11 16 18 19 23 24 26
a(12) = 30 = 1 3 4 8 9 11 20 22 23 27 28 30 (unique)
a(13) = 32 = 1 2 4 8 9 11 19 22 23 26 28 31 32
a(14) = 36 = 1 2 4 8 9 13 21 23 26 27 30 32 35 36
a(15) = 40 = 1 2 4 5 10 11 13 14 28 29 31 32 37 38 40
a(16) = 41 = 1 2 4 5 10 11 13 14 28 29 31 32 37 38 40 41
a(17) = 51 = 1 2 4 5 10 13 14 17 31 35 37 38 40 46 47 50 51
a(18) = 54 = 1 2 5 6 12 14 15 17 21 31 38 39 42 43 49 51 52 54
a(19) = 58 = 1 2 5 6 12 14 15 17 21 31 38 39 42 43 49 51 52 54 58
a(20) = 63 = 1 2 5 7 11 16 18 19 24 26 38 39 42 44 48 53 55 56 61 63
a(21) = 71 = 1 2 5 7 10 17 20 22 26 31 41 46 48 49 53 54 63 64 68 69 71
a(22) = 74 = 1 2 7 9 10 14 20 22 23 25 29 46 50 52 53 55 61 65 66 68 73 74
a(23) = 82 = 1 2 4 8 9 11 19 22 23 26 28 31 49 57 59 62 63 66 68 71 78 81 82
a(24) = 84 = 1 3 4 8 9 16 18 21 22 25 30 37 48 55 60 63 64 67 69 76 77 81 82 84
a(25) = 92 = 1 2 6 8 9 13 19 21 22 27 28 39 58 62 64 67 68 71 73 81 83 86 87 90 92
a(26) = 95 = 1 2 4 5 10 11 22 23 25 26 31 32 55 56 64 65 67 68 76 77 82 83 91 92 94 95
a(27) = 100 = 1 3 6 7 10 12 20 22 25 26 29 31 35 62 66 68 71 72 75 77 85 87 90 91 94 96 100

Donald E. Knuth, Satisfiability, Fascicle 6, volume 4 of The Art of Computer Programming. Addison-Wesley, 2015, pages 135 and 190, Problem 31.
C. R. J. Singleton, "No Progress": Solution to Problem 2472, Journal of Recreational Mathematics, 30(4) 305 1999-2000.

Tanbir Ahmed, Janusz Dybizbanski and Hunter Snevily, Unique Sequences Containing No k-Term Arithmetic Progressions, Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 20(4), 2013, #P29.
Cyriac Antony, Jacob Antony, D. Laavanya, and S. Devi Yamini, Graceful Coloring is Computationally Hard, Algorithms and Discrete Applied Mathematics, Eds. Daya Gaur, Rogers Mathew, Proc. 11th Int'l Conf. (CALDAM 2025) Lect. Notes Comp. Sci. (LNCS) Vol. 15536, Springer, 13-24. See also arXiv:2407.02179, [math.CO], 2024. See pp. 1-2.
F. Behrend, On sets of integers which contain no three terms in an arithmetic progression, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, v. 32, 1946, pp. 331-332.
Thomas F. Bloom and Olof Sisask, Breaking the logarithmic barrier in Roth's theorem on arithmetic progressions, arXiv:2007.03528 [math.NT], 2020.
Janusz Dybizbanski, Sequences containing no 3-term arithmetic progressions, The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 19, no. 2 (2012), #P15.
Erica Klarreich, Landmark Math Proof Clears Hurdle in Top Erdős Conjecture, Quanta Magazine, Aug 03 2020.
Tom Sanders, On Roth's theorem on progressions, Annals of Mathematics 174:1 (2011), pp. 619-636; arXiv version, arXiv:1011.0104 [math.CA], 2010-2011.
Samuel S. Wagstaff, Jr., On k-free sequences of integers, Math. Comp., 26 (1972), 767-771.
Wikipedia, Salem-Spencer set
J. Wroblewski, A Nonaveraging Set of Integers with a Large Sum of Reciprocals, Math. Comput. 43, 261-262, 1984.
J. Wroblewski, Nonaveraging Sets
Index entries related to non-averaging sequences

Cf. A003002 (three-free sequences), A003003, A003004, A003005, A003278, A005047, A225745.

ThreeAPFree[n_, k_, a_] := Module[{d, j},
   For[d = 1, d < k/2, d ++,
    For[j = 1, j <= n - 2, j++,
     If[MemberQ[a, a[[j]] + d] && MemberQ[a, a[[j]] + 2 d],
      Return[False]]]];
   Return[True]];
A065825[n_] := Module[{k, x, a},
  k = n;
  While[True,
   x = Subsets[Range[k], {n}];
   For[i = 1, i <= Length[x], i++,
    a = x[[i]];
    If[a[[1]] != 1 || a[[n]] != k, Continue[]];
    If[ThreeAPFree[n, k, a], Return[k]]];
   k++]]
Table[A065825[n], {n, 1, 10}]  (* Robert Price, Mar 11 2019 *)

\\ brute force
has3AP(v)=for(i=1,#v-2,for(j=i+2,#v,my(t=(v[i]+v[j])/2);if(denominator(t)==1 && setsearch(v,t),return([v[i],t,v[j]]))));0
a(n)=for(k=n,oo,forvec(u=vector(n,i,if(i==1,[1,1],i==k,[k,k],[2,k-1])),if(has3AP(u)==0, /* print(u); */ return(u[n])),2)) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Aug 04 2020

a(n) = A005047(n) + 1. - Rob Pratt, Jul 09 2015

a(19) found by Guenter Stertenbrink in response to an A003278-based puzzle on www.mathpuzzle.com
More terms from Don Reble, Nov 25 2001
a(28)-a(32) from William Rex Marshall, Mar 24 2002
a(33) from William Rex Marshall, Nov 15 2003
a(34) from William Rex Marshall, Jan 24 2004
a(35)-a(36) (found by Gavin Theobold in 2004) communicated by William Rex Marshall, Mar 10 2007
a(37)-a(41) (from Wroblewski's web page) added by Joerg Arndt, Apr 25 2012
a(42)-a(43) from Fausto A. C. Cariboni, Sep 02 2018

A093682 Array T(m,n) by antidiagonals: nonarithmetic-3-progression sequences with simple closed forms.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 1, 4, 3, 1, 5, 4, 4, 1, 10, 6, 5, 7, 1, 11, 10, 8, 8, 10, 1, 13, 12, 10, 10, 11, 19, 1, 14, 13, 13, 11, 13, 20, 28, 1, 28, 15, 14, 16, 14, 22, 29, 55, 1, 29, 28, 17, 17, 20, 23, 31, 56, 82, 1, 31, 30, 28, 20, 22, 28, 32, 58, 83, 163, 1, 32, 31, 31, 28, 23, 29, 37, 59, 85

Offset: 0

Ralf Stephan, Apr 09 2004

The nonarithmetic-3-progression sequences starting with a(1)=1, a(2)=1+3^m or 1+2*3^m, m >= 0, seem to have especially simple 'closed' forms. None of these formulas have been proved, however.

T(m,1)=1, T(m,2) = 1 + (1 + [m even])*3^floor(m/2) = 1 + A038754(m), m >= 0, n > 0; T(m,n) is least k such that no three terms of T(m,1), T(m,2), ..., T(m,n-1), k form an arithmetic progression.

			Array begins:
  1,  2,  4,  5, 10, 11, 13, ...
  1,  3,  4,  6, 10, 12, 13, ...
  1,  4,  5,  8, 10, 13, 14, ...
  1,  7,  8, 10, 11, 16, 17, ...
  1, 10, 11, 13, 14, 20, 22, ...
  ...

Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Nonarithmetic Progression Sequence.
Index entries related to non-averaging sequences

Rows 0-6 are A003278, A004793, A033157, A093678, A093679, A093680, A093681.

Column 2 is 1+A038754. Cf. A092482, A033158.

T(m, n) = (Sum_{k=1..n-1} (3^A007814(k) + 1)/2) + f(n), with f(n) a P-periodic function, where P <= 2^floor((m+3)/2) (conjectured and checked up to m=13, n=1000).

The formula implies that T(m, n) = b(n-1) where b(2n) = 3b(n) + p(n), b(2n+1) = 3b(n) + q(n), with p, q sequences generated by rational o.g.f.s.

A191106 Increasing sequence generated by these rules: a(1)=1, and if x is in a then 3x-2 and 3x are in a.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 7, 9, 19, 21, 25, 27, 55, 57, 61, 63, 73, 75, 79, 81, 163, 165, 169, 171, 181, 183, 187, 189, 217, 219, 223, 225, 235, 237, 241, 243, 487, 489, 493, 495, 505, 507, 511, 513, 541, 543, 547, 549, 559, 561, 565, 567, 649, 651, 655, 657, 667, 669, 673, 675, 703, 705, 709, 711, 721, 723, 727, 729, 1459, 1461, 1465, 1467, 1477

Offset: 1

Clark Kimberling, May 26 2011

Related sequences for various choices of i and k as defined in A190803:
  A003278:  (i,k) = (-2,-1)
  A191106:  (i,k) = (-2, 0)
  A191107:  (i,k) = (-2, 1)
  A191108:  (i,k) = (-2, 2)
  A153775:  (i,k) = (-1, 0)
  A147991:  (i,k) = (-1, 1)
  A191109:  (i,k) = (-1, 2)
  A005836:  (i,k) = ( 0, 1)
  A191110:  (i,k) = ( 0, 2)
  A132140:  (i,k) = ( 1, 2)
For a=A191106, we have closure properties: the integers in (2+a)/3 comprise a; the integers in a/3 comprise a.
For k >= 1, m = a(i), 1 <= i <= 2^k seems to be m such that m/(3^k+1) is in the Cantor set (except that m = 0 and m = 3^k+1 do not appear). For k >= 2,  m = (a(i)-1)/2, 1 <= i <= 2^k seems to be m such that m/((3^k-1)/2) is in the Cantor set. - Peter Munn, Jul 06 2019
Every even number is the sum of two (possibly equal) terms. More specifically: terms a(1) through a(2^n) = 3^n sum to even numbers 2 times 1 through 3^n. Every even number is infinitely often the difference of two terms. Since the sequence is equal to 2*A005836(n) + 1, these properties follow immediately from similar properties of A005836 for every number. - Aad Thoen, Feb 17 2022
if A_n=(a(1),a(2),...,a(2^n)), then A_(n+1)=(A_n,A_n+2*3^n), similar to A003278. - Arie Bos, Jul 26 2022

			1 -> 3 -> 7,9 -> 19,21,25,27 -> ...

Ivan Neretin, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
David Garth and Adam Gouge, Affinely Self-Generating Sets and Morphisms, Journal of Integer Sequences, 10 (2007) 1-13.
D. Jordan and R. Schayer Rational points on the Cantor middle thirds set, Penn State, REU 2003.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Cantor Set

Cf. A005823, A005836, A054591, A088917 (characteristic function), A173934, A190803, A191108.
Partial sums of A061393.
Similar formula as A003278, A_(n+1)=(A_n,A_n+2*3^n).

h = 3; i = -2; j = 3; k = 0; f = 1; g = 9;
a = Union[Flatten[NestList[{h # + i, j # + k} &, f, g]]]  (* A191106; regarding g, see note at A190803 *)
b = (a + 2)/3; c = a/3; r = Range[1, 900];
d = Intersection[b, r](* illustrates closure property *)
e = Intersection[c, r](* illustrates closure property *)
2 FromDigits[#, 3]&/@Tuples[{0, 1}, 7] + 1 (* Vincenzo Librandi, Jul 10 2019 *)

a(n) = 2*A005836(n) + 1. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Sep 06 2011
a(n) = A005823(n) + 1. - Vladimir Shevelev, Dec 17 2012
a(n) = (A191108(n) + 1)/2. - Peter Munn, Jul 09 2019

A003003 Size of the largest subset of the numbers [1...n] which doesn't contain a 4-term arithmetic progression.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10, 11, 11, 12, 12, 13, 13, 14, 14, 15, 15, 16, 17, 17, 18, 18, 18, 19, 20, 20, 20, 21, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 23, 23, 24, 24, 24, 25, 25, 26, 26, 26, 27, 28, 28, 28, 28, 29, 29, 30, 30, 30, 30, 31, 31, 32, 32, 33, 33, 34, 34, 34

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

These subsets have been called 4-free sequences.
Szemeredi's theorem for arithmetic progressions of length 4 asserts that a(n) is o(n) as n -> infinity. - Doron Zeilberger, Mar 26 2008
False g.f. (z^12 + 1 - z^11 - z^10 + z^8 - z^6 + z^5 - z^3 + z)/((z+1)*(z-1)^2) was conjectured by Simon Plouffe in his 1992 dissertation, but in fact is wrong (cf. A136746).

N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Fausto A. C. Cariboni, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..142
Thomas Bloom, Problem 3, Problem 139, and Problem 142, Erdős Problems.
Fausto A. C. Cariboni, Sets that yield a(n) for n = 5..142, Jun 15 2018
Kevin O'Bryant, Sets of Natural Numbers with Proscribed Subsets, J. Int. Seq. 18 (2015) # 15.7.7
Simon Plouffe, Approximations de séries génératrices et quelques conjectures, Dissertation, Université du Québec à Montréal, 1992; arXiv:0911.4975 [math.NT], 2009.
Simon Plouffe, 1031 Generating Functions, Appendix to Thesis, Montreal, 1992
Karl C. Rubin, On sequences of integers with no k terms in arithmetic progression, 1973 [Scanned copy, with correspondence]
Zehui Shao, Fei Deng, Meilian Liang, and Xiaodong Xu, On sets without k-term arithmetic progression, Journal of Computer and System Sciences 78 (2012) 610-618.
Terence Tao, Erdős problem database, see nos. 3, 139, 142.
Samuel S. Wagstaff, Jr., On k-free sequences of integers, Math. Comp., 26 (1972), 767-771.

Cf. A003002, A003004, A003005, A065825, A136746.

A selection of sequences related to "no three-term arithmetic progression": A003002, A003003, A003278, A004793, A005047, A005487, A033157, A065825, A092482, A093678, A093679, A093680, A093681, A093682, A094870, A101884, A101886, A101888, A140577, A185256, A208746, A229037.

a(52)-a(72) from Rob Pratt, Jul 09 2015

A240075 Lexicographically earliest nonnegative increasing sequence such that no four terms have constant second differences.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 15, 16, 17, 20, 44, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 64, 78, 166, 167, 192, 195, 196, 200, 202, 203, 206, 217, 226, 248, 249, 276, 312, 649, 657, 678, 681, 682, 715, 726, 740, 743, 747, 750, 771, 790, 830, 833, 836, 838, 842, 854, 875, 908, 911, 971

Offset: 1

T. D. Noe, Apr 09 2014

nonn

Vincenzo Librandi and T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..755 (first 123 terms from Vincenzo Librandi)

For the positive sequence, see A240555, which is this sequence plus 1.
Summary of increasing sequences avoiding arithmetic progressions of specified lengths (the second of each pair is obtained by adding 1 to the first):
3-term AP: A005836 (>=0), A003278 (>0);
4-term AP: A005839 (>=0), A005837 (>0);
5-term AP: A020654 (>=0), A020655 (>0);
6-term AP: A020656 (>=0), A005838 (>0);
7-term AP: A020657 (>=0), A020658 (>0);
8-term AP: A020659 (>=0), A020660 (>0);
9-term AP: A020661 (>=0), A020662 (>0);
10-term AP: A020663 (>=0), A020664 (>0).
For the analog sequence which avoids 5-term subsequences of constant third differences, see A240556 (>=0) and A240557 (>0).

t = {0, 1, 2}; Do[s = Table[Append[i, n], {i, Subsets[t, {3}]}]; If[! MemberQ[Flatten[Table[Differences[i, 3], {i, s}]], 0], AppendTo[t, n]], {n, 3, 1000}]; t

A240075(n, show=0, L=4, o=2, v=[0], D=v->v[2..-1]-v[1..-2])={ my(d, m); while( #v1, ); #Set(d)>1||next(2), 2); break)); v[#v]} \\ M. F. Hasler, Jan 12 2016

Definition corrected by N. J. A. Sloane and M. F. Hasler, Jan 04 2016.

A240555 Lexicographically earliest positive increasing sequence such that no four terms have constant second differences.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 16, 17, 18, 21, 45, 52, 53, 54, 57, 59, 65, 79, 167, 168, 193, 196, 197, 201, 203, 204, 207, 218, 227, 249, 250, 277, 313, 650, 658, 679, 682, 683, 716, 727, 741, 744, 748, 751, 772, 791, 831, 834, 837, 839, 843, 855, 876, 909, 912, 972

Offset: 1

T. D. Noe, Apr 09 2014

nonn

If "positive" is changed to "nonnegative" we get A240075, which is this sequence minus 1.

See A005837 for the earliest sequence containing no 4-term arithmetic progression.

			After 1,2,3 the number 4 is excluded since (1,2,3,4) has zero second and third differences.
After 1,2,3,5 the number 8 is excluded since (2,3,5,8) has second differences 1,1.

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..755 (terms < 10^6)

Summary of increasing sequences avoiding arithmetic progressions of specified lengths (the second of each pair is obtained by adding 1 to the first):
3-term AP: A005836 (>=0), A003278 (>0);
4-term AP: A005839 (>=0), A005837 (>0);
5-term AP: A020654 (>=0), A020655 (>0);
6-term AP: A020656 (>=0), A005838 (>0);
7-term AP: A020657 (>=0), A020658 (>0);
8-term AP: A020659 (>=0), A020660 (>0);
9-term AP: A020661 (>=0), A020662 (>0);
10-term AP: A020663 (>=0), A020664 (>0).
Cf. A240075 (nonnegative version, a(n)-1).
Cf. A240556 and A240557 for sequences avoiding 5-term subsequences with constant third differences.

t = {1, 2, 3}; Do[s = Table[Append[i, n], {i, Subsets[t, {3}]}]; If[! MemberQ[Flatten[Table[Differences[i, 3], {i, s}]], 0], AppendTo[t, n]], {n, 4, 1000}]; t

A240555(n, show=0, L=4, o=2, v=[1], D=v->v[2..-1]-v[1..-2])={ my(d, m); while( #v1, ); #Set(d)>1||next(2), 2); break)); v[#v]} \\ M. F. Hasler, Jan 12 2016

Definition corrected by N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 04 2016 and M. F. Hasler at the suggestion of Lewis Chen

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