A045769 -id:A045769 - cp's OEIS frontend

A054024 Sum of the divisors of n reduced modulo n.

0, 1, 1, 3, 1, 0, 1, 7, 4, 8, 1, 4, 1, 10, 9, 15, 1, 3, 1, 2, 11, 14, 1, 12, 6, 16, 13, 0, 1, 12, 1, 31, 15, 20, 13, 19, 1, 22, 17, 10, 1, 12, 1, 40, 33, 26, 1, 28, 8, 43, 21, 46, 1, 12, 17, 8, 23, 32, 1, 48, 1, 34, 41, 63, 19, 12, 1, 58, 27, 4, 1, 51, 1, 40, 49, 64, 19, 12, 1, 26, 40

Offset: 1

Asher Auel, Jan 19 2000

If a(n) = 0, then n is a multiply-perfect number (A007691). - Alonso del Arte, Mar 30 2014

			a(12) = 4 because sigma(12) = 28 and 28 == 4 (mod 12).
a(13) = 1 because 13 is prime.
a(14) = 10 because sigma(14) = 24 and 24 == 10 (mod 14).

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..65537 (first 1000 terms from T. D. Noe, terms 1001..20000 from Alois P. Heinz).
Walter Nissen, Abundancy : Some Resources.

Cf. A000203 (sigma), A005114 (untouchable numbers), A007691 (positions of 0's), A045768, A045769, A088834, A045770, A076496, A159907.

a054024 n = mod (a000203 n) n  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 23 2013

with(numtheory): seq(sigma(i) mod i, i=1..100);

Table[Mod[DivisorSigma[1, n], n], {n, 80}] (* Alonso del Arte, Mar 30 2014 *)

a(n)=sigma(n)%n \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Nov 04 2014

a(n) = sigma(n) mod n.

a(p) = 1 for p prime.

A045770 Numbers k such that sigma(k) == 8 (mod k).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 7, 10, 49, 56, 368, 836, 11096, 17816, 45356, 77744, 91388, 128768, 254012, 388076, 2087936, 2291936, 13174976, 29465852, 35021696, 45335936, 120888092, 260378492, 381236216, 775397948, 3381872252, 4856970752, 6800228816, 8589344768, 44257207676, 114141404156, 1461083549696, 1471763808896, 2199013818368

Offset: 1

Dan Hoey

nonn

Every number of the form 2^(j-1)*(2^j - 9), where 2^j - 9 is prime, is a term. - Jon E. Schoenfield, Jun 02 2019

If m is a term of A045768 with gcd(m,3) = 1 and sigma(m) = 3*q*m + 2 for some integer q, then 3*m is a term of this sequence since sigma(3*m) = 4*q*(3*m) + 8. Some other large terms: 36893488108764397568, 877615520070055755776, 1700388548189538291286016, 85954979333046510417991676, 2081228720695521934665574252544. - Max Alekseyev, May 25 2025

Max Alekseyev, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..41 (first 36 terms from Jud McCranie)

Cf. A054024, A045768, A045769, A088834, A076496.

q:= k-> nops(map(x-> x mod k, {8, numtheory[sigma](k)}))=1:
select(q, [$1..100000])[];  # Alois P. Heinz, Apr 07 2025

Select[Range[1000000], Mod[DivisorSigma[1, #] - 8, #] == 0 &] (* Pontus von Brömssen, Apr 07 2025 *)

isok(k) = Mod(sigma(k),k) == 8; \\ Pontus von Brömssen, Apr 07 2025

a(18)-a(26) from T. D. Noe, Apr 06 2011
Initial term 1 added and a(27)-a(31) from Donovan Johnson, Mar 01 2012
a(32)-a(34) from Giovanni Resta, Apr 02 2014
Term a(2)=7 inserted by Pontus von Brömssen, Apr 07 2025

A045768 Numbers k such that sigma(k) == 2 (mod k).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 20, 104, 464, 650, 1952, 130304, 522752, 8382464, 134193152, 549754241024, 8796086730752, 140737463189504, 144115187270549504

Offset: 1

Dan Hoey

nonn

Equivalently, Chowla function of k is congruent to 1 (mod k).
If p=2^i-3 is prime, then 2^(i-1)*p is a term of the sequence. 650 is in the sequence, but is not of this form.
Terms k from a(2) to a(14) satisfy sigma(k) = 2*k + 2, implying that sigma(k) == 0 (mod k+1). It is not known if this holds in general, for there might be solutions of sigma(k)=3k+2 or 4k+2 or ... (Comments from Jud McCranie and Dean Hickerson, updated by Jon E. Schoenfield, Sep 25 2021 and by Max Alekseyev, May 23 2025).
k | sigma(k) produces the multiperfect numbers (A007691). It is an open question whether k | sigma(k) - 1 iff k is a prime or 1. It is not known if there exist solutions to sigma(k) = 2k+1.
Sequence also gives the nonprime solutions to sigma(k) == 0 (mod k+1), k > 1. - Benoit Cloitre, Feb 05 2002
Sequence seems to give nonprime k such that the numerator of the sum of the reciprocals of the divisors of k equals k+1 (nonprime k such that A017665(k)=k+1). - Benoit Cloitre, Apr 04 2002
For k > 1, composite numbers k such that A108775(k) = floor(sigma(k)/k) = sigma(k) mod k = A054024(k). Complement of primes (A000040) with respect to A230606. There are no numbers k > 2 such that sigma(x) = k*(x+1) has a solution. - Jaroslav Krizek, Dec 05 2013

			sigma(650) = 1302 == 2 (mod 650).

R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, B2.

Amitabha Tripathi, A note on products of primes that differ by a fixed integer, Fibonacci Quart. 48 (2010), no. 2, 144-149.

Numbers k such that A054013(k)=1.

Cf. A181597, A050414, A050415, A054024, A045769, A088834, A045770, A076496.

Do[If[Mod[DivisorSigma[1, n]-2, n]==0, Print[n]], {n, 1, 10^8}]
Join[{1}, Select[Range[8000000], Mod[DivisorSigma[1, #], #]==2 &]] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Mar 11 2014 *)

is(n)=sigma(n)%n==2 || n==1 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Mar 09 2014

More terms from Jud McCranie, Dec 22 1999.
a(11) from Donovan Johnson, Mar 01 2012
a(12) from Giovanni Resta, Apr 02 2014
a(13) from Jud McCranie, Jun 02 2019
Edited and a(14) from Jon E. Schoenfield confirmed by Max Alekseyev, May 23 2025

A088832 Numbers k whose abundance is 4: sigma(k) - 2*k = 4.

Original entry on oeis.org

12, 70, 88, 1888, 4030, 5830, 32128, 521728, 1848964, 8378368, 34359083008, 66072609790, 549753192448, 259708613909470, 2251799645913088, 9223372026117357568

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer, Oct 28 2003

If 2^m-5 is prime (A059608) then n=2^(m-1)*(2^m-5) is in the sequence. 12, 88, 1888, 32128, 521728, 8378368 & 34359083008 are such terms. See comments in A088831. - Farideh Firoozbakht, Feb 15 2008
Any term x of this sequence can be combined with any term y of A125246 to satisfy the property (sigma(x)+sigma(y))/(x+y) = 2, which is a necessary (but not sufficient) condition for two numbers to be amicable. - Timothy L. Tiffin, Sep 13 2016
Also contains 865268370658615254581248 = 2^23 * 16823249 * 6131278669. - Max Alekseyev, May 29 2025

			Abundances of terms in A045769: {-5,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4} so A045769(1)=9 is not here.

Subsequence of A045769.

Cf. A033880, A045768, A088830, A059608, A125246 (deficiency 4).

Do[If[DivisorSigma[1,n]==2n+4,Print[n]],{n,650000000}] (* Farideh Firoozbakht, Feb 15 2008 *)

is(n)=sigma(n)==2*n+4 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Feb 21 2017

Solutions to sigma(x)-2*x=4.

One more terms from Farideh Firoozbakht, Feb 15 2008
a(11)-a(12) from Donovan Johnson, Dec 23 2008
a(13) from Donovan Johnson, Dec 08 2011
a(14)-a(15) from Hiroaki Yamanouchi, Aug 23 2018
a(16) from Max Alekseyev, May 29 2025

A076496 Numbers k such that sigma(k) == 12 (mod k).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 6, 11, 24, 30, 42, 54, 66, 78, 102, 114, 121, 138, 174, 186, 222, 246, 258, 282, 304, 318, 354, 366, 402, 426, 438, 474, 498, 534, 582, 606, 618, 642, 654, 678, 762, 780, 786, 822, 834, 894, 906, 942, 978, 1002, 1038, 1074, 1086, 1146, 1158, 1182, 1194, 1266, 1338

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer, Oct 21 2002

nonn

			6*p is a solution if p > 3 is prime, since sigma(6*p) = 1 + 2 + 3 + 6 + p + 2*p + 3*p + 6*p = 12*(p+1) = 2*6*p + 12 = 2*k + 12. These are "regular" solutions. Also k = 121, 304 are "singular" solutions. See other remainders in cross-references.

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000, corrected by _Sidney Cadot_, Feb 05 2023

Cf. A054024, A045768, A045769, A045770, A076495, A088834.

Cf. A141545 (a subsequence).

Select[Range[2000], Mod[DivisorSigma[1, #] - 12, #] == 0 &] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Mar 11 2014, corrected by Amiram Eldar, Jan 04 2023 *)

isok(k) = Mod(sigma(k), k) == 12; \\ Michel Marcus, Jan 04 2023

Initial term 1 added by Vincenzo Librandi, Mar 11 2014

Terms 6 and 11 inserted by Michel Marcus, Jan 04 2023

A088834 Numbers k such that sigma(k) == 6 (mod k).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 5, 6, 25, 180, 8925, 32445, 442365

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer, Oct 29 2003

For each integer j in A059609, 2^(j-1)*(2^j - 7) is in the sequence. E.g., for j = A059609(1) = 39 we get 151115727449904501489664. - M. F. Hasler and Farideh Firoozbakht, Dec 03 2013
No more terms to 10^10. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Dec 05 2013
a(9) > 10^13. - Giovanni Resta, Apr 02 2014
a(9) > 1.5*10^14. - Jud McCranie, Jun 02 2019
No more terms < 2.7*10^15. - Jud McCranie, Jul 27 2025

			Sigma(25) = 31 = 1*25 + 6, so 31 mod 25 = 6.

Farideh Firoozbakht and M. F. Hasler, Variations on Euclid's formula for perfect numbers, Journal of Integer Sequences 13 (2010), 18 pp. Article ID 10.3.1.

Cf. A054024, A045768, A045769, A045770, A077374, A076496, A088012.
Cf. A087167 (a subsequence).
Cf. A059609.

Select[Range[1000000], Mod[DivisorSigma[1, #] - 6, #] == 0 &] (* T. D. Noe, Dec 03 2013 *)

isok(n) = Mod(sigma(n), n) == 6; \\ Michel Marcus, Jan 03 2023

Terms corrected by Charles R Greathouse IV and Farideh Firoozbakht, Dec 03 2013

A117349 Near-multiperfects with primes, powers of 2 and 6 * prime excluded, abs(sigma(n) mod n) <= log(n).

Original entry on oeis.org

6, 10, 20, 28, 70, 88, 104, 110, 120, 136, 152, 464, 496, 592, 650, 672, 884, 1155, 1888, 1952, 2144, 4030, 5830, 8128, 8384, 8925, 11096, 17816, 18632, 18904, 30240, 32128, 32445, 32760, 32896, 33664, 45356, 70564, 77744, 85936, 91388, 100804, 116624

Offset: 1

Walter Nissen, Mar 09 2006

nonn

Sequences A117346 through A117350 are an attempt to improve on sequences A045768 through A045770, A077374, A087167, A087485 and A088007 through A088012 and related sequences (but not to replace them) by using a more significant definition of "near." E.g., is sigma(n) really "near" a multiple of n, for n=9? Or n=18? Log is the natural logarithm. Sigma is the sum_of_divisors function.

			70 is a term because sigma(70) = 144 = 2*70 + 4, while 4 < log(70) ~= 4.248.

R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, B2.

Donovan Johnson, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..180 (terms <= 10^12)
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Multiperfect Number

Cf. A045768, A045769, A045770, A077374, A087167, A087485.
Cf. A088007, A088008, A088009, A088010, A088011, A088012.
Cf. A117346, A117347, A117348, A117350.

sigma(n) = k*n + r, abs(r) <= log(n).

Offset corrected by Donovan Johnson, Oct 01 2012

A076495 Smallest x such that sigma(x) mod x = n, or 0 if no such x exists.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 20, 4, 9, 0, 25, 8, 10, 15, 14, 21, 24, 27, 22, 16, 26, 39, 208, 36, 34, 51, 38, 57, 112, 95, 46, 69, 48, 115, 841, 32, 58, 45, 62, 93, 660, 155, 1369, 162, 44, 63, 1681, 50, 82, 123, 52, 129, 60, 75, 94, 72, 352, 235, 90, 329, 84, 99, 68, 265, 96, 371, 118, 64, 76

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer, Oct 21 2002

nonn

At present, the 0 entry for n=5 is only a conjecture.
For n <= 1000, a(5) and a(898) are the only terms not found using x <= 10^11. - Donovan Johnson, Sep 20 2012
10^11 < a(898) <= 140729946996736. - Donovan Johnson, Sep 28 2013
a(898) > 10^13 and the same bound holds for a(5), if it exists. - Giovanni Resta, Apr 02 2014
a(5) > 1.5*10^14, if it exists. - Jud McCranie, Jun 02 2019

			n=1: a(1) = smallest prime = 2.
n=3: a(3) = 4 since sigma(4) mod 4 = 7 mod 4 = 3.
n=5: Very difficult case (see Comments section).

Donovan Johnson, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
Carl Pomerance, On the congruences σ(n) ≡ a (mod n) and n ≡ a (mod φ(n)), Acta Arithmetica 26:3 (1974-1975), pp. 265-272. (See theorem 4.)

Cf. A045768, A045769, A045770, A054024.

f[x_] := s=Mod[DivisorSigma[1, n], n]; t=Table[0, {256}]; Do[s=f[n]; If[s<257&&t[[s]]==0, t[[s]]=n], {n, 1, 10000000}]; t

a(n)=my(k);while(sigma(k++)%k!=n,);k \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Dec 28 2013

A117347 Near-multiperfects with primes excluded, abs(sigma(m) mod m) <= log(m).

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 6, 8, 10, 16, 20, 28, 32, 64, 70, 88, 104, 110, 120, 128, 136, 152, 256, 464, 496, 512, 592, 650, 672, 884, 1024, 1155, 1888, 1952, 2048, 2144, 4030, 4096, 5830, 8128, 8192, 8384, 8925, 11096, 16384, 17816, 18632, 18904, 30240, 32128, 32445, 32760, 32768

Offset: 1

Walter Nissen, Mar 09 2006

nonn

Sequences A117346 through A117350 are an attempt to improve on sequences A045768 through A045770, A077374, A087167, A087485 and A088007 through A088012 and related sequences (but not to replace them) by using a more significant definition of "near". E.g., is sigma(n) (where sigma is the sum-of-divisors function) really "near" a multiple of n, for n = 9? Or n = 18?

			70 is a term because sigma(70) = 144 = 2 * 70 + 4, while 4 < log(70) ~= 4.248.

R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, B2.

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Walter Nissen, Near Multiperfects.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Multiperfect Number

Cf. A045768, A045769, A045770, A077374, A087167, A087485.
Cf. A088007, A088008, A088009, A088010, A088011, A088012.
Cf. A117346, A117348, A117349, A117350.

sigma(m) = k * m + r, abs(r) <= log(m).

Offset corrected by Amiram Eldar, Mar 05 2020

A117348 Near-multiperfects with primes and powers of 2 excluded, abs(sigma(m) mod m) <= log(m).

Original entry on oeis.org

6, 10, 20, 28, 70, 88, 104, 110, 120, 136, 152, 464, 496, 592, 650, 672, 884, 1155, 1888, 1952, 2144, 4030, 5830, 8128, 8384, 8925, 11096, 17816, 18632, 18904, 30240, 32128, 32445, 32760, 32896, 33664, 45356, 70564, 77744, 85936, 91388, 100804, 116624

Offset: 1

Walter Nissen, Mar 09 2006

nonn

Sequences A117346 through A117350 are an attempt to improve on sequences A045768 through A045770, A077374, A087167, A087485 and A088007 through A088012 and related sequences (but not to replace them) by using a more significant definition of "near". E.g., is sigma(n) really "near" a multiple of n, for n = 9? Or n = 18? Sigma is the sum_of_divisors function.

			70 is a term because sigma(70) = 144 = 2 * 70 + 4, while 4 < log (70) ~= 4.248.

R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, B2.

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Walter Nissen, Near Multiperfects.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Multiperfect Number

Cf. A045768, A045769, A045770, A077374, A087167, A087485.
Cf. A088007, A088008, A088010, A088011, A088012.
Cf. A117346, A117347, A117349, A117350.

sigma(n) = k * n + r, abs(r) <= log(n).

Offset corrected by Amiram Eldar, Mar 05 2020

cp's OEIS Frontend

A054024 Sum of the divisors of n reduced modulo n.

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A045770 Numbers k such that sigma(k) == 8 (mod k).

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A045768 Numbers k such that sigma(k) == 2 (mod k).

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A088832 Numbers k whose abundance is 4: sigma(k) - 2*k = 4.

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A076496 Numbers k such that sigma(k) == 12 (mod k).

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A088834 Numbers k such that sigma(k) == 6 (mod k).

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A117349 Near-multiperfects with primes, powers of 2 and 6 * prime excluded, abs(sigma(n) mod n) <= log(n).

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