A060184 -id:A060184 - cp's OEIS frontend

A060186 Generalized sum of divisors function: third diagonal of A060184.

1, 0, 1, 0, 5, -1, 5, -2, 9, 3, 9, -2, 14, -1, 15, 10, 15, 7, 11, 14, 10, 26, 20, 28, 2, 41, -5, 63, -21, 82, -5, 91, -49, 122, -46, 139, -84, 165, -74, 240, -147, 242, -142, 290, -217, 333, -189, 378, -284, 463, -290, 508, -408, 560, -377

Offset: 3

N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 19 2001

P. A. MacMahon, Divisors of numbers and their continuations in the theory of partitions, Proc. London Math. Soc., 19 (1919), 75-113; Coll. Papers II, pp. 303-341.

mufact := proc(k,sumax) local res,c,i,j,isord,s ; res := [] ; for s from k*(k+1)/2 to sumax do c := combinat[composition](s,k) ; for j from 1 to nops(c) do isord := true ; for i from 2 to nops(op(j,c)) do if op(i,op(j,c))<= op(i-1,op(j,c)) then isord := false ; fi ; od ; if isord then res := [op(res),op(j,c)] ; fi ; od ; od ; RETURN(res) ; end: qm := proc(gfpart,n) local f,i ; f := q^add(op(i,gfpart),i=1..nops(gfpart)) ; for i from 1 to nops(gfpart) do f := taylor(f/(1+q^op(i,gfpart)),q=0,n+1) ; od ; RETURN(f) ; end: A060186 := proc(n) local k,ms,gf,gfpart,i ; k := 3 ; ms := mufact(k,n) ; gf := 0; for i from 1 to nops(ms) do gfpart := op(i,ms) ; gf := taylor(gf+qm(gfpart,n),q=0,n+1) ; od ; RETURN(gf) ; end: nmax := 60 : a := A060186(nmax) : for n from 6 to nmax do printf("%d, ",coeftayl(a,q=0,n)) ; od ; # R. J. Mathar, Jun 26 2007

max = 60; t[i_] := Sum[(x^n/(1 + x^(n)))^i, {n, 1, max}]; s = Series[(t[1]^3 - 3*t[1]*t[2] + 2*t[3])/6, {x, 0, max+1}]; a[n_] := SeriesCoefficient[s, {x, 0, n}]; Table[a[n], {n, 6, max}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jan 17 2014, after Vladeta Jovovic *)

G.f.: (t(1)^3-3*t(1)*t(2)+2*t(3))/6 where t(i) = Sum((x^n/(1+x^(n)))^i,n=1..inf), i=1..3. - Vladeta Jovovic, Sep 20 2007

More terms from R. J. Mathar, Jun 26 2007

A060185 Generalized sum of divisors function: second diagonal of A060184.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 6, -1, 5, -3, 10, 0, 9, -7, 16, -9, 17, -6, 22, -13, 20, -15, 28, -14, 35, -23, 36, -25, 36, -24, 42, -26, 53, -37, 50, -34, 58, -45, 60, -49, 75, -37, 66, -55, 77, -59, 74, -60, 101, -71, 88, -64, 106, -74, 92, -83, 124, -89, 98, -79, 130, -90, 120, -105, 155, -104, 120, -113, 163, -121, 126, -111

Offset: 3

N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 19 2001

P. A. MacMahon, Divisors of numbers and their continuations in the theory of partitions, Proc. London Math. Soc., (2) 19 (1919), 75-113; Coll. Papers II, pp. 303-341.

max = 80; s = Sum[q^(m1 + m2)/((1 + q^m1)*(1 + q^m2)), {m1, 1, max-1}, {m2, m1+1, max}]; CoefficientList[Series[s, {q, 0, max}] , q][[4 ;; max]] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jan 21 2014 *)

More terms from Vladeta Jovovic, Nov 11 2001

A048272 Number of odd divisors of n minus number of even divisors of n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 2, -1, 2, 0, 2, -2, 3, 0, 2, -2, 2, 0, 4, -3, 2, 0, 2, -2, 4, 0, 2, -4, 3, 0, 4, -2, 2, 0, 2, -4, 4, 0, 4, -3, 2, 0, 4, -4, 2, 0, 2, -2, 6, 0, 2, -6, 3, 0, 4, -2, 2, 0, 4, -4, 4, 0, 2, -4, 2, 0, 6, -5, 4, 0, 2, -2, 4, 0, 2, -6, 2, 0, 6, -2, 4, 0, 2, -6, 5, 0, 2, -4, 4, 0, 4, -4, 2, 0, 4, -2, 4

Offset: 1

Adam Kertesz

abs(a(n)) = (1/2) * (number of pairs (i,j) satisfying n = i^2 - j^2 and -n <= i,j <= n). - Benoit Cloitre, Jun 14 2003
As A001227(n) is the number of ways to write n as the difference of 3-gonal numbers, a(n) describes the number of ways to write n as the difference of e-gonal numbers for e in {0,1,4,8}. If pe(n):=(1/2)*n*((e-2)*n+(4-e)) is the n-th e-gonal number, then 4*a(n) = |{(m,k) of Z X Z; pe(-1)(m+k)-pe(m-1)=n}| for e=1, 2*a(n) = |{(m,k) of Z X Z; pe(-1)(m+k)-pe(m-1)=n}| for e in {0,4} and for a(n) itself is a(n) = |{(m,k) of Z X Z; pe(-1)(m+k)-pe(m-1)=n}| for e=8. (Same for e=-1 see A035218.) - Volker Schmitt (clamsi(AT)gmx.net), Nov 09 2004
An argument by Gareth McCaughan suggests that the average of this sequence is log(2). - Hans Havermann, Feb 10 2013 [Supported by a graph. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 01 2023]
From Keith F. Lynch, Jan 20 2024: (Start)
a(n) takes every possible integer value, positive, negative, and zero. Proof: For all nonnegative integers k, a(3^k) = 1+k, a(2^k) = 1-k.
a(n) takes every possible integer value except 1 and -1 infinitely many times. Proof: a(o^(k-1)) = k and a(4*o^(k-1)) = -k for all positive integers k and odd primes o, of which there are infinitely many.  a(n) = 0 iff n = 2 (mod 4).  a(n) = 1 iff n = 1.  a(n) = -1 iff n = 4.
a(n) takes prime value p only for n = o^(p-1), where o is any odd prime.
Terms have a simple pattern that repeats with a period of 4: Positive, zero, positive, negative.
(End)
Inverse Möbius transform of (-1)^(n+1). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 22 2024

			a(20) = -2 because 20 = 2^2*5^1 and (1-2)*(1+1) = -2.
G.f. = x + 2*x^3 - x^4 + 2*x^5 + 2*x^7 - 2*x^8 + 3*x^9 + 2*x^11 - 2*x^12 + ...

Louis Comtet, Advanced Combinatorics, Reidel, 1974, p. 162, #16, (6), first formula.
S. Ramanujan, Notebooks, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bombay 1957 Vol. 1, see page 97, 7(ii).

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
J. W. L. Glaisher, On the representations of a number as the sum of two, four, six, eight, ten, and twelve squares, Quart. J. Math. 38 (1907), 1-62 (see p. 4 and p. 8).
Vaclav Kotesovec, Plot of Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) / n, for n = 1..1000000
P. A. MacMahon, Divisors of numbers and their continuations in the theory of partitions, Proc. London Math. Soc., 19 (1921), 75-113; Coll. Papers II, pp. 303-341.
Mircea Merca, Combinatorial interpretations of a recent convolution for the number of divisors of a positive integer, Journal of Number Theory, Volume 160, March 2016, Pages 60-75, function tau_{o-e}(n).
Index entries for sequences mentioned by Glaisher.

Cf. A048298. A diagonal of A060184.
First differences of A059851.
Cf. A001227, A035218, A094572, A099774, A112329, A183063, A000005.
Indices of records: A053624 (highs), A369151 (lows).

a048272 n = a001227 n - a183063 n  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 21 2012

[&+[(-1)^(d+1):d in Divisors(n)] :n in [1..95] ]; // Marius A. Burtea, Aug 10 2019

add(x^n/(1+x^n), n=1..60): series(%,x,59);
A048272 := proc(n)
    local a;
    a := 1 ;
    for pfac in ifactors(n)[2] do
        if pfac[1] = 2 then
            a := a*(1-pfac[2]) ;
        else
            a := a*(pfac[2]+1) ;
        end if;
    end do:
    a ;
end proc: # Schmitt, sign corrected R. J. Mathar, Jun 18 2016
# alternative Maple program:
a:= n-> -add((-1)^d, d=numtheory[divisors](n)):
seq(a(n), n=1..100);  # Alois P. Heinz, Feb 28 2018

Rest[ CoefficientList[ Series[ Sum[x^k/(1 - (-x)^k), {k, 111}], {x, 0, 110}], x]] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 20 2005 *)
dif[n_]:=Module[{divs=Divisors[n]},Count[divs,?OddQ]-Count[ divs, ?EvenQ]]; Array[dif,100] (* Harvey P. Dale, Aug 21 2011 *)
a[n]:=Sum[-(-1)^d,{d,Divisors[n]}] (* Steven Foster Clark, May 04 2018 *)
f[p_, e_] := If[p == 2, 1 - e, 1 + e]; a[n_] := Times @@ f @@@ FactorInteger[n]; a[1] = 1; Array[a, 100] (* Amiram Eldar, Jun 09 2022 *)

{a(n) = if( n<1, 0, -sumdiv(n, d, (-1)^d))}; /* Michael Somos, Jul 22 2006 */

N=17; default(seriesprecision,N); x=z+O(z^(N+1))
c=sum(j=1,N,j*x^j); \\ log case
s=-log(prod(j=1,N,(1+x^j)^(1/j)));
s=serconvol(s,c)
v=Vec(s) \\ Joerg Arndt, May 03 2008

a(n)=my(o=valuation(n,2),f=factor(n>>o)[,2]);(1-o)*prod(i=1,#f,f[i]+1) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Feb 10 2013

a(n)=direuler(p=1,n,if(p==2,(1-2*X)/(1-X)^2,1/(1-X)^2))[n] /* Ralf Stephan, Mar 27 2015 */

{a(n) = my(d = n -> if(frac(n), 0, numdiv(n))); if( n<1, 0, if( n%4, 1, -1) * (d(n) - 2*d(n/2) + 2*d(n/4)))}; /* Michael Somos, Aug 11 2017 */

Coefficients in expansion of Sum_{n >= 1} x^n/(1+x^n) = Sum_{n >= 1} (-1)^(n-1)*x^n/(1-x^n). Expand Sum 1/(1+x^n) in powers of 1/x.
If n = 2^p1*3^p2*5^p3*7^p4*11^p5*..., a(n) = (1-p1)*Product_{i>=2} (1+p_i).
Multiplicative with a(2^e) = 1 - e and a(p^e) = 1 + e if p > 2. - Vladeta Jovovic, Jan 27 2002
a(n) = (-1)*Sum_{d|n} (-1)^d. - Benoit Cloitre, May 12 2003
Moebius transform is period 2 sequence [1, -1, ...]. - Michael Somos, Jul 22 2006
G.f.: Sum_{k>0} -(-1)^k * x^(k^2) * (1 + x^(2*k)) / (1 - x^(2*k)) [Ramanujan]. - Michael Somos, Jul 22 2006
Equals A051731 * [1, -1, 1, -1, 1, ...]. - Gary W. Adamson, Nov 07 2007
From Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 21 2012: (Start)
a(n) = A001227(n) - A183063(n).
a(A008586(n)) < 0; a(A005843(n)) <= 0; a(A016825(n)) = 0; a(A042968(n)) >= 0; a(A005408(n)) > 0. (End)
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} A081362(k)*A015723(n-k). - Mircea Merca, Feb 26 2014
abs(a(n)) = A112329(n) = A094572(n) / 2. - Ray Chandler, Aug 23 2014
From Peter Bala, Jan 07 2015: (Start)
Logarithmic g.f.: log( Product_{n >= 1} (1 + x^n)^(1/n) ) = Sum_{n >= 1} a(n)*x^n/n.
a(n) = A001227(n) - A183063(n). By considering the logarithmic generating functions of these three sequences we obtain the identity
( Product_{n >= 0} (1 - x^(2*n+1))^(1/(2*n+1)) )^2 = Product_{n >= 1} ( (1 - x^n)/(1 + x^n) )^(1/n). (End)
Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s)*eta(s) = zeta(s)^2*(1-2^(-s+1)). - Ralf Stephan, Mar 27 2015
a(2*n - 1) = A099774(n). - Michael Somos, Aug 12 2017
From Paul D. Hanna, Aug 10 2019: (Start)
G.f.: Sum_{n>=0} x^n * Sum_{k=0..n} binomial(n,k) * (x^(n+1) - x^k)^(n-k)  =  Sum_{n>=0} a(n)*x^(2*n).
G.f.: Sum_{n>=0} x^n * Sum_{k=0..n} binomial(n,k) * (x^(n+1) + x^k)^(n-k) * (-1)^k  =  Sum_{n>=0} a(n)*x^(2*n). (End)
a(n) = 2*A000005(2n) - 3*A000005(n). - Ridouane Oudra, Oct 15 2019
Limit_{m->oo} (1/m) * Sum_{k=1..m} a(k)/A000005(k) = 2*log(2)-1. - Amiram Eldar, Mar 01 2023

New definition from Vladeta Jovovic, Jan 27 2002

A060047 Triangle of generalized sum of divisors function, read by rows.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 4, 1, 4, 2, 6, 4, 8, 8, 8, 14, 8, 1, 18, 13, 2, 28, 12, 4, 40, 12, 8, 52, 16, 14, 70, 14, 24, 88, 16, 40, 104, 24, 1, 56, 140, 16, 2, 84, 168, 18, 4, 122, 196, 26, 8, 168, 240, 20, 14, 232, 278, 24, 24, 312, 320, 32, 40, 408, 380, 24, 64, 528, 440, 24, 100, 672, 504

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 19 2001

Lengths of rows are 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ... (A000196).

			Triangle turned on its side begins:
  1  2  4  4  6  8  8  8 13 12 12 ...
           1  2  4  8 14 18 28 40 ...
                          1  2  4 ...
For example, T(6,1) = 8, T(6,2) = 4.

G. E. Andrews and S. C. F. Rose, MacMahon's sum-of-divisors functions, Chebyshev polynomials, and Quasi-modular forms, arXiv:1010.5769 [math.NT], 2010.
P. A. MacMahon, Divisors of numbers and their continuations in the theory of partitions, Proc. London Math. Soc., 19 (1919), 75-113; Coll. Papers II, pp. 303-341.

Diagonals give A002131, A002132, A060046, A365666, A365667.

Cf. A060043, A060044, A060177, A060184.

T(n, k) = sum of s_1*s_2*...*s_k where s_1, s_2, ..., s_k are such that s_1*(2*m_1-1) + s_2*(2*m_2-1) + ... + s_k*(2*m_k-1) = n and the sum is over all such k-partitions of n.
G.f. for k-th diagonal (the k-th row of the sideways triangle shown in the example): Sum_{ m_1 < m_2 < ... < m_k} q^(2*m_1+2*m_2+...+2*m_k-k)/((1-q^{2*m_1-1})*(1-q^{2*m_2-1})*...*(1-q^{2*m_k-1}))^2 = Sum_n T(n, k)*q^n.
G.f. for k-th diagonal: (-1)^k * (1/k) * ( Sum_{j>=k} (-1)^j * j * binomial(j+k-1,2*k-1) * q^(j^2) ) / ( 1 + 2 * Sum_{j>=1} (-q)^(j^2) ). - Seiichi Manyama, Sep 15 2023

More terms from Naohiro Nomoto, Jan 24 2002

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A060186 Generalized sum of divisors function: third diagonal of A060184.

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A060185 Generalized sum of divisors function: second diagonal of A060184.

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A048272 Number of odd divisors of n minus number of even divisors of n.

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A060047 Triangle of generalized sum of divisors function, read by rows.

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