A105040 -id:A105040 - cp's OEIS frontend

A103200 a(1)=1, a(2)=2, a(3)=11, a(4)=19; a(n) = a(n-4) + sqrt(60a(n-2)^2 + 60a(n-2) + 1) for n >= 5.

1, 2, 11, 19, 90, 153, 712, 1208, 5609, 9514, 44163, 74907, 347698, 589745, 2737424, 4643056, 21551697, 36554706, 169676155, 287794595, 1335857546, 2265802057, 10517184216, 17838621864, 82801616185, 140443172858, 651895745267, 1105706761003, 5132364345954

Offset: 1

K. S. Bhanu and M. N. Deshpande, Mar 24 2005

nonn

The original version of this question was as follows: Let a(1) = 1, a(2) = 2, a(3) = 11, a(4) = 19; for n = 1..4 let b(n) = sqrt(60 a(n)^2 + 60 a(n) + 1); for n >= 5 let a(n) = a(n-4) + b(n-2), b(n) = sqrt(60 a(n)^2 + 60 a(n) +1). Bhanu and Deshpande ask for a proof that a(n) and b(n) are always integers. The b(n) sequence is A103201.

This sequence is also the interleaving of two sequences c and d that can be extended backwards: c(0) = c(1) = 0, c(n) = sqrt(60 c(n-1)^2 + 60 c(n-1) +1) + c(n-2) giving 0,0,1,11,90,712,5609,... d(0) = 1, d(1) = 0, d(n) = sqrt(60 d(n-1)^2 + 60 d(n-1) +1) + d(n-2) giving 1,0,2,19,153,1208,9514,... and interleaved: 0,1,0,0,1,2,11,19,90,153,712,1208,5609,9514,... lim_{n->infinity} a(n)/a(n-2) = 1/(4 - sqrt(15)), (1/(4-sqrt(15)))^n approaches an integer as n -> infinity. - Gerald McGarvey, Mar 29 2005

K. S. Bhanu (bhanu_105(AT)yahoo.com) and M. N. Deshpande, An interesting sequence of quadruples and related open problems, Institute of Sciences, Nagpur, India, Preprint, 2005.

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..200
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (1,8,-8,-1,1).

Cf. A103201, A177187 (first differences).

I:=[1,2,11,19,90]; [n le 5 select I[n] else Self(n-1)+8*Self(n-2)-8*Self(n-3)-Self(n-4)+Self(n-5): n in [1..30]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Sep 28 2011

a[1]:=1: a[2]:=2:a[3]:=11: a[4]:=19: for n from 5 to 31 do a[n]:=a[n-4]+sqrt(60*a[n-2]^2+60*a[n-2]+1) od:seq(a[n],n=1..31); # Emeric Deutsch, Apr 13 2005

RecurrenceTable[{a[1]==1,a[2]==2,a[3]==11,a[4]==19,a[n]==a[n-4]+ Sqrt[60a[n-2]^2+60a[n-2]+1]},a[n],{n,40}] (* or *) LinearRecurrence[ {1,8,-8,-1,1},{1,2,11,19,90},40] (* Harvey P. Dale, Sep 27 2011 *)
CoefficientList[Series[-x*(1 + x + x^2)/((x - 1)*(x^4 - 8*x^2 + 1)), {x, 0, 40}], x] (* T. D. Noe, Jun 04 2012 *)

Comments from Pierre CAMI and Gerald McGarvey, Apr 20 2005: (Start)
Sequence satisfies a(0)=0, a(1)=1, a(2)=2, a(3)=11; for n > 3, a(n) = 8*a(n-2) - a(n-4) + 3.
G.f.: -x*(1 + x + x^2) / ( (x - 1)*(x^4 - 8*x^2 + 1) ). Note that the 3 = the sum of the coefficients in the numerator of the g.f., 8 appears in the denominator of the g.f. and 8 = 2*3 + 2. Similar relationships hold for other series defined as nonnegative n such that m*n^2 + m*n + 1 is a square, here m=60. Cf. A001652, A001570, A049629, A105038, A105040, A104240, A077288, A105036, A105037. (End)
a(2n) = (A105426(n)-1)/2, a(2n+1) = (A001090(n+2) - 5*A001090(n+1) - 1)/2. - Ralf Stephan, May 18 2007
a(1)=1, a(2)=2, a(3)=11, a(4)=19, a(5)=90, a(n) = a(n-1) + 8*a(n-2) - 8*a(n-3) - a(n-4) + a(n-5). - Harvey P. Dale, Sep 27 2011

More terms from Pierre CAMI and Emeric Deutsch, Apr 13 2005

A105038 Nonnegative n such that 6n^2 + 6n + 1 is a square.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 4, 44, 440, 4360, 43164, 427284, 4229680, 41869520, 414465524, 4102785724, 40613391720, 402031131480, 3979697923084, 39394948099364, 389969783070560, 3860302882606240, 38213059042991844, 378270287547312204, 3744489816430130200, 37066627876753989800

Offset: 0

Gerald McGarvey, Apr 03 2005

Harvey P. Dale, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
Editors, L'Intermédiaire des Mathématiciens, Query 4500: The equation x(x+1)/2 = y*(y+1)/3, L'Intermédiaire des Mathématiciens, 22 (1915), 255-260 (I).
Editors, L'Intermédiaire des Mathématiciens, Query 4500: The equation x(x+1)/2 = y*(y+1)/3, L'Intermédiaire des Mathématiciens, 22 (1915), 255-260 (II).
Editors, L'Intermédiaire des Mathématiciens, Query 4500: The equation x(x+1)/2 = y*(y+1)/3, L'Intermédiaire des Mathématiciens, 22 (1915), 255-260 (III).
Editors, L'Intermédiaire des Mathématiciens, Query 4500: The equation x(x+1)/2 = y*(y+1)/3, L'Intermédiaire des Mathématiciens, 22 (1915), 255-260 (IV).
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (11,-11,1).

Cf. A001652, A001570, A049629, A105040, A104240, A077288, A105036, A103200, A105037.

CoefficientList[Series[4x/(1-11x+11x^2-x^3),{x,0,30}],x] (* or *) LinearRecurrence[{11,-11,1},{0,4,44},30] (* Harvey P. Dale, Sep 29 2013 *)

for(n=0,427284,if(issquare(6*n*(n+1)+1),print1(n,",")))

Vec(4*x/(1-11*x+11*x^2-x^3)+O(x^99)) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Nov 13 2012

G.f.: 4*x/(1-11*x+11*x^2-x^3).
a(0)=0, a(1)=4, a(2)=44, a(n)=11*a(n-1)-11*a(n-2)+a(n-3). - Harvey P. Dale, Sep 29 2013
a(n) = (-6-(5-2*sqrt(6))^n*(-3+sqrt(6))+(3+sqrt(6))*(5+2*sqrt(6))^n)/12. - Colin Barker, Mar 05 2016
a(n) = (A072256(n+1) - 1)/2.

More terms from Vladeta Jovovic, Apr 05 2005

Incorrect conjectures deleted by N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 24 2010

A222390 Nonnegative integers m such that 10m(m+1)+1 is a square.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 3, 15, 132, 588, 5031, 22347, 191064, 848616, 7255419, 32225079, 275514876, 1223704404, 10462309887, 46468542291, 397292260848, 1764580902672, 15086643602355, 67007605759263, 572895164628660, 2544524437949340, 21754929612286743, 96624921036315675

Offset: 1

Bruno Berselli, Feb 18 2013

a(n+1)/a(n) tends alternately to (7+2*sqrt(10))/3 and (13+4*sqrt(10))/3; a(n+2)/a(n) tends to A176398^2.

Subsequence of A014601.

Bruno Berselli, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..500
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (1,38,-38,-1,1).

Cf. nonnegative integers m such that k*m*(m+1)+1 is a square: A001652 (k=2), A001921 (k=3), A001477 (k=4), A053606 (k=5), A105038 (k=6), A105040 (k=7), A053141 (k=8), this sequence (k=10), A105838 (k=11), A061278 (k=12), A104240 (k=13); A105063 (k=17), A222393 (k=18), A101180 (k=19), A077259 (k=20) [incomplete list].

Cf. A221875.

m:=22; R:=PowerSeriesRing(Integers(), m); [0] cat Coefficients(R!(3*(1+4*x+x^2)/((1-x)*(1-6*x-x^2)*(1+6*x-x^2))));

I:=[0,3,15,132,588]; [n le 5 select I[n] else Self(n-1) +38*Self(n-2)-38*Self(n-3)-Self(n-4)+Self(n-5): n in [1..25]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Aug 18 2013

LinearRecurrence[{1, 38, -38, -1, 1}, {0, 3, 15, 132, 588}, 23]
CoefficientList[Series[3 x (1 + 4 x + x^2)/((1 - x) (1 - 6 x - x^2) (1 + 6 x - x^2)), {x, 0, 25}], x] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Aug 18 2013 *)

makelist(expand(-1/2+((5+(-1)^n*sqrt(10))*(3-sqrt(10))^(2*floor(n/2))+(5-(-1)^n*sqrt(10))*(3+sqrt(10))^(2*floor(n/2)))/20), n, 1, 23);

x='x+O('x^30); concat([0], Vec(3*x*(1+4*x+x^2)/((1-x)*(1-6*x-x^2)*(1+6*x-x^2)))) \\ G. C. Greubel, Jul 15 2018

G.f.: 3*x*(1+4*x+x^2)/((1-x)*(1-6*x-x^2)*(1+6*x-x^2)).
a(n) = a(-n+1) = a(n-1)+38*a(n-2)-38*a(n-3)-a(n-4)+a(n-5).
a(n) = -1/2+((5+t*(-1)^n)*(3-t)^(2*floor(n/2))+(5-t*(-1)^n)*(3+t)^(2*floor(n/2)))/20, where t=sqrt(10).
2*a(n)+1 = A221875(n).

A253460 Indices of centered heptagonal numbers (A069099) which are also centered square numbers (A001844).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 16, 112, 3937, 28321, 999856, 7193296, 253959361, 1827068737, 64504677712, 464068265776, 16383934179361, 117871512438241, 4161454776879856, 29938900091047312, 1056993129393303937, 7604362751613578881, 268472093411122320016, 1931478200009757988336

Offset: 1

Colin Barker, Jan 01 2015

Also positive integers y in the solutions to 4*x^2 - 7*y^2 - 4*x + 7*y = 0, the corresponding values of x being A253459.

			16 is in the sequence because the 16th centered heptagonal number is 841, which is also the 21st centered square number.

Colin Barker, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..832
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (1,254,-254,-1,1).

Cf. A001844, A069099, A253459, A253599.

Vec(-x*(x^4+15*x^3-158*x^2+15*x+1)/((x-1)*(x^2-16*x+1)*(x^2+16*x+1)) + O(x^100))

a(n) = a(n-1)+254*a(n-2)-254*a(n-3)-a(n-4)+a(n-5).
G.f.: -x*(x^4+15*x^3-158*x^2+15*x+1) / ((x-1)*(x^2-16*x+1)*(x^2+16*x+1)).
a(n) = A105040(n) + 1. - Michel Marcus, Mar 12 2024

A120744 Least k>0 such that a centered polygonal number nk(k+1)/2+1 is a perfect square; or -1 if no such number exists.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, -1, 1, 3, 2, 7, 15, 1, 16, 8, 14, 4, 5, 15, 1, 2, 5, -1, 6, 3, 2, 39, 6, 1, 21, 7, 110, 3, 15, 7, 15, -1, 2, 8, 1, 4, 989, 8, 14, 2, 45, 15, 9, 4, 5, 335, 9, 1, 29, -1, 30, 15, 10, 415, 6, 2, 10, 32, 54, 3, 77, 55, 1, 5, 2, 7, 47750, 11, 15, 23, 47, -1, 48, 24, 16, 12, 5, 8, 2639, 1, 6720, 704, 38, 4, 2, 39, 505, 3, 13, 56, 9, 20, 13, 1631, 41

Offset: 1

Alexander Adamchuk, Apr 26 2007

sign

			a(5) = 2 because A129556(2) = 2>1 and A129556(1) = 0<1.

Max Alekseyev, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Centered Polygonal Number

Cf. A001542, A006451, A001921, A129444, A001570, A001652, A129556, A053606, A105038, A105040, A053141, A061278.

a(n) = -1 for n in A166259.

a(n) = 1 for n = k^2-1.

Edited and b-file provided by Max Alekseyev, Jan 20 2010

A166259 Positive integers n such that a centered polygonal number nk(k+1)/2+1 is not a square for any k > 0.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 18, 32, 50, 72, 98, 128, 162, 200, 242, 338, 392, 450, 512, 578, 648, 722, 882, 968, 1058, 1152, 1250, 1352, 1458, 1682, 1800, 1922, 2048, 2178, 2312, 2401, 2450, 2662, 2738, 2809, 2888, 3042, 3174, 3200, 3362, 3528, 3698, 3750, 4050, 4225, 4232, 4418, 4489, 4608, 4802

Offset: 1

Alexander Adamchuk, Oct 10 2009

nonn

Positive integers n such that A120744(n) = -1.

Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Centered Polygonal Number.

Cf. A120744, A001542, A006451, A001921, A129444, A001570, A001652, A129556, A053606, A105038, A105040, A053141, A061278.

Edited and extended by Max Alekseyev, Jan 20 2010

A222393 Nonnegative integers m such that 18m(m+1)+1 is a square.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 4, 12, 152, 424, 5180, 14420, 175984, 489872, 5978292, 16641244, 203085960, 565312440, 6898944364, 19203981732, 234361022432, 652370066464, 7961375818340, 22161378278060, 270452416801144, 752834491387592, 9187420795420572, 25574211328900084

Offset: 1

Bruno Berselli, Feb 19 2013

a(n+2)/a(n) tends to A156164.

a(n) is congruent to {0,2,4} (mod 5, 6 and 10).

Bruno Berselli, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..500
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (1,34,-34,-1,1).

Cf. nonnegative integers n such that k*n*(n+1)+1 is a square: A001652 (k=2), A001921 (k=3), A001477 (k=4), A053606 (k=5), A105038 (k=6), A105040 (k=7), A053141 (k=8), A222390 (k=10), A105838 (k=11), A061278 (k=12), A104240 (k=13); A105063 (k=17), this sequence (k=18), A101180 (k=19), A077259 (k=20) [incomplete list].

m:=22; R:=PowerSeriesRing(Integers(), m); [0] cat Coefficients(R!(4*(1+x)^2/((1-x)*(1-6*x+x^2)*(1+6*x+x^2))));

I:=[0,4,12,152,424]; [n le 5 select I[n] else Self(n-1)+34*Self(n-2)-34*Self(n-3)-Self(n-4)+Self(n-5): n in [1..25]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Aug 18 2013

LinearRecurrence[{1, 34, -34, -1, 1}, {0, 4, 12, 152, 424}, 23]
CoefficientList[Series[4 x (1 + x)^2 / ((1 - x) (1 - 6 x + x^2) (1 + 6 x + x^2)), {x, 0, 25}], x] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Aug 18 2013 *)

makelist(expand(-1/2+((3+sqrt(2)*(-1)^n)*(3-2*sqrt(2))^(2*floor(n/2))+(3-sqrt(2)*(-1)^n)*(3+2*sqrt(2))^(2*floor(n/2)))/12), n, 1, 23);

x='x+O('x^30); concat([0], Vec(4*x*(1+x)^2/((1-x)*(1-6*x+x^2)*(1+6*x+x^2)))) \\ G. C. Greubel, Jul 15 2018

G.f.: 4*x*(1+x)^2/((1-x)*(1-6*x+x^2)*(1+6*x+x^2)).
a(n) = a(-n+1) = a(n-1)+34*a(n-2)-34*a(n-3)-a(n-4)+a(n-5).
a(n) = -1/2+((3+t*(-1)^n)*(3-2*t)^(2*floor(n/2))+(3-t*(-1)^n)*(3+2*t)^(2*floor(n/2)))/12, where t=sqrt(2).

A105051 Define a(1)=0, a(2)=0, a(3)=15, a(4)=111 then a(n) = 254a(n-2) - a(n-4) + 126 also sequence such that 7a(n)*(a(n) + 1) + 1 = a square.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 15, 111, 3936, 28320, 999855, 7193295, 253959360, 1827068736, 64504677711, 464068265775, 16383934179360, 117871512438240, 4161454776879855, 29938900091047311, 1056993129393303936, 7604362751613578880

Offset: 1

Pierre CAMI, Apr 04 2005

nonn

This sequence is such that 7*a(n)*(a(n) + 1) + 1 = j^2 = a square integer positive root of a(n)^2 + a(n) - (j^2-1)/7 = 0 is such that 2*a(n) + 1 = sqrt((4*j^2+3)/7), ((4*j^2+3)/7) need to be a square so j^2 = (7*k^2-3)/4, put k=2*a(n)+1 you found that (7*k^2-3)/4 = 7*a(n)^2 + 7*a(n) + 1

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..825
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (1,254,-254,-1,1).

Cf. A105040.

R:=PowerSeriesRing(Integers(), 30); [0,0] cat Coefficients(R!( 3*x^2*(5+32*x+5*x^2)/((1-x)*(1-254*x^2+x^4)) )); // G. C. Greubel, Mar 13 2023

LinearRecurrence[{1,254,-254,-1,1}, {0,0,15,111,3936}, 30] (* G. C. Greubel, Mar 13 2023 *)

@CachedFunction
def a(n): # a = A105051
    if (n<6): return (0,0,0,15,111,3936)[n]
    else: return a(n-1) +254*a(n-2) -254*a(n-3) -a(n-4) +a(n-5)
[a(n) for n in range(41)] # G. C. Greubel, Mar 13 2023

From R. J. Mathar, Aug 28 2008: (Start)
a(n) = A105040(n-2).
G.f.: 3*x^2*(5+32*x+5*x^2)/((1-x)*(1+16*x+x^2)*(1-16*x+x^2)). (End)

Extended by R. J. Mathar, Aug 28 2008

A145856 Least number k>1 such that centered n-gonal number n*k(k-1)/2+1 is a perfect square, or 0 if no such k exists.

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 0, 2, 4, 3, 8, 16, 2, 17, 9, 15, 5, 6, 16, 2, 3, 6, 0, 7, 4, 3, 40, 7, 2, 22, 8, 111, 4, 16, 8, 16, 0, 3, 9, 2, 5, 990, 9, 15, 3, 46, 16, 10, 5, 6, 336, 10, 2, 30, 0, 31, 16, 11, 416, 7, 3, 11, 33, 55, 4, 78, 56, 2, 6, 3, 8, 47751, 12, 16, 24, 48, 0, 49, 25, 17, 13, 6, 9, 2640, 2, 6721

Offset: 1

Alexander Adamchuk, Oct 22 2008

nonn

Jonathan Vos Post, When Centered Polygonal Numbers are Perfect Squares, submitted to Mathematics Magazine, 4 May 2004, manuscript no. 04-1165, unpublished, available upon request. - Jonathan Vos Post, Oct 25 2008

Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Centered Polygonal Numbers
Index entries for sequences related to centered polygonal numbers

Cf. A120744, A001542, A166259, A006451, A001921, A129444, A001570, A001652, A129556, A053606, A105038, A105040, A053141, A061278.

a(n) = 0 for n in A166259.

a(n) = A120744(n) + 1. - Alexander Adamchuk, Oct 10 2009

Edited by Max Alekseyev, Jan 23 2010

cp's OEIS Frontend

A103200 a(1)=1, a(2)=2, a(3)=11, a(4)=19; a(n) = a(n-4) + sqrt(60*a(n-2)^2 + 60*a(n-2) + 1) for n >= 5.

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A105038 Nonnegative n such that 6*n^2 + 6*n + 1 is a square.

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A222390 Nonnegative integers m such that 10*m*(m+1)+1 is a square.

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A253460 Indices of centered heptagonal numbers (A069099) which are also centered square numbers (A001844).

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A120744 Least k>0 such that a centered polygonal number nk(k+1)/2+1 is a perfect square; or -1 if no such number exists.

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A166259 Positive integers n such that a centered polygonal number n*k*(k+1)/2+1 is not a square for any k > 0.

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A222393 Nonnegative integers m such that 18*m*(m+1)+1 is a square.

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A103200 a(1)=1, a(2)=2, a(3)=11, a(4)=19; a(n) = a(n-4) + sqrt(60a(n-2)^2 + 60a(n-2) + 1) for n >= 5.

A105038 Nonnegative n such that 6n^2 + 6n + 1 is a square.

A222390 Nonnegative integers m such that 10m(m+1)+1 is a square.

A166259 Positive integers n such that a centered polygonal number nk(k+1)/2+1 is not a square for any k > 0.

A222393 Nonnegative integers m such that 18m(m+1)+1 is a square.

A105051 Define a(1)=0, a(2)=0, a(3)=15, a(4)=111 then a(n) = 254a(n-2) - a(n-4) + 126 also sequence such that 7a(n)*(a(n) + 1) + 1 = a square.