A000404 -id:A000404 - cp's OEIS frontend

A077773 Number of integers between n^2 and (n+1)^2 that are the sum of two squares; multiple representations are counted once.

0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7, 6, 9, 8, 8, 10, 10, 11, 11, 12, 11, 14, 12, 13, 15, 16, 15, 15, 17, 16, 17, 19, 18, 19, 20, 19, 20, 21, 20, 22, 22, 24, 22, 25, 23, 26, 26, 24, 29, 26, 27, 28, 27, 29, 26, 31, 32, 30, 29, 33, 33, 31, 31, 35, 34, 35, 35, 35, 36, 37, 37, 33, 42, 37, 38

Offset: 0

T. D. Noe, Nov 20 2002

nonn

Related to the circle problem, cf. A077770. See A077774 for a more restrictive case. A077768 counts the representations multiply.
Number of integers k in range [n^2, ((n+1)^2)-1] for which 2 = the least number of squares that add up to k (A002828). Because of this interpretation a(0)=0 was prepended to the beginning. - Antti Karttunen, Oct 04 2016
This sequence is not surjective, since, for instance, there is no n such that a(n) = 46. This follows from a bound observed by Jon E. Schoenfield, that if a(n) = m then n < ((m+1)^2)/2, and the fact that a(n) != 46 for all n < 1105. - Rainer Rosenthal, Jul 25 2023

			a(8)=6 because 65=64+1=49+16, 68=64+4, 72=36+36, 73=64+9, 74=49+25 and 80=64+16 are between squares 64 and 81. Note that 65 is counted only once.

Hugo Pfoertner, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000 (terms 0..1024 from T. D. Noe and Antti Karttunen).
Hugo Pfoertner, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..500000
Rainer Rosenthal, Illustrating A077773

Cf. A000290, A000404, A002828, A010052, A077768, A077770, A077774, A229062, A277192, A277193, A277194.

Cf. A363762 (terms not occurring in this sequence), A363763.

maxN=100; lst={}; For[n=1, n<=maxN, n++, sqrs={}; i=n; j=0; While[i>=j, j=1; While[i^2+j^2<(n+1)^2, If[i>=j&&i^2+j^2>n^2, AppendTo[sqrs, i^2+j^2]]; j++ ]; i--; j-- ]; AppendTo[lst, Length[Union[sqrs]]]]; lst

a(N)=s=0;for(n=N^2+1,(N+1)^2-1,f=0;r=sqrtint(n);forstep(i=r,1,-1,if(issquare(n-i*i),f=1;s=s+1;break)));s /* Ralf Stephan, Sep 17 2013 */

from sympy import factorint
def A077773(n): return sum(1 for m in range(n**2+1,(n+1)**2) if all(p==2 or p&3==1 or e&1^1 for p, e in factorint(m).items())) # Chai Wah Wu, Jun 20 2023

(define (A077773 n) (add (lambda (i) (* (- 1 (A010052 i)) (A229062 i))) (A000290 n) (+ -1 (A000290 (+ 1 n)))))
;; Implements sum_{i=lowlim..uplim} intfun(i)
(define (add intfun lowlim uplim) (let sumloop ((i lowlim) (res 0)) (cond ((> i uplim) res) (else (sumloop (1+ i) (+ res (intfun i)))))))
;; Antti Karttunen, Oct 04 2016

a(n) = Sum_{i=n^2+1..(n+1)^2-1} A229062(i). - Ralf Stephan, Sep 17 2013
From Antti Karttunen, Oct 04 2016: (Start)
For n >= 0, a(n) + A277193(n) + A277194(n) = 2n.
For n >= 1, A277192(n) = a(n) + A277194(n). (End)

Term a(0)=0 prepended by Antti Karttunen, Oct 04 2016

A025284 Numbers that are the sum of 2 nonzero squares in exactly 1 way.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 5, 8, 10, 13, 17, 18, 20, 25, 26, 29, 32, 34, 37, 40, 41, 45, 52, 53, 58, 61, 68, 72, 73, 74, 80, 82, 89, 90, 97, 98, 100, 101, 104, 106, 109, 113, 116, 117, 122, 128, 136, 137, 146, 148, 149, 153, 157, 160, 162, 164, 169, 173, 178, 180, 181, 193, 194, 197, 202, 208, 212

Offset: 1

David W. Wilson

nonn

A025426(a(n)) = 1. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 16 2011

Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Square Number
G. Xiao, Two squares
Index entries for sequences related to sums of squares

Cf. A000404, A025426, A081324, A125022, A018825, A001481, A007692, A243148.

import Data.List (elemIndices)
a025284 n = a025284_list !! (n-1)
a025284_list = elemIndices 1 a025426_list
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 16 2011

selQ[n_] := Length[ Select[ PowersRepresentations[n, 2, 2], Times @@ # != 0 &]] == 1; Select[Range[300], selQ] (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 03 2013 *)
b[n_, i_, k_, t_] := b[n, i, k, t] = If[n == 0, If[t == 0, 1, 0], If[i<1 || t<1, 0, b[n, i - 1, k, t] + If[i^2 > n, 0, b[n - i^2, i, k, t - 1]]]];
T[n_, k_] := b[n, Sqrt[n] // Floor, k, k];
Position[Table[T[n, 2], {n, 0, 300}], 1] - 1 // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Nov 06 2020, after Alois P. Heinz in A243148 *)

A243148(a(n),2) = 1. - Alois P. Heinz, Feb 25 2019

A018825 Numbers that are not the sum of 2 nonzero squares.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 30, 31, 33, 35, 36, 38, 39, 42, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 54, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, 69, 70, 71, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 81, 83, 84, 86, 87, 88, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 99, 102, 103, 105, 107, 108, 110

Offset: 1

David W. Wilson

nonn

Cf. A022544, A081324, A000404 (complement), A004431.

import Data.List (elemIndices)
a018825 n = a018825_list !! (n-1)
a018825_list = tail $ elemIndices 0 a025426_list
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 16 2011

isA000404 := proc(n)
    local x,y ;
    for x from 1 do
        if x^2> n then
            return false;
        end if;
        for y from 1 do
            if x^2+y^2 > n then
                break;
            elif x^2+y^2 = n then
                return true;
            end if;
        end do:
    end do:
end proc:
A018825 := proc(n)
    if n = 1 then
        1;
    else
        for a from procname(n-1)+1 do
            if not isA000404(a) then
                return a;
            end if;
        end do:
    end if;
end proc:
seq(A018825(n),n=1..30) ; # R. J. Mathar, Jul 28 2014

q=13;q2=q^2+1;lst={};Do[Do[z=a^2+b^2;If[z<=q2,AppendTo[lst,z]],{b,a,1,-1}],{a,q}];lst; u=Union@lst;Complement[Range[q^2],u] (* Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, May 30 2010 *)

is(n)=my(f=factor(n), t=prod(i=1,#f~, if(f[i,1]%4==1, f[i,2]+1, if(f[i,2]%2 && f[i,1]>2, 0, 1)))); if(t!=1, return(!t)); for(k=sqrtint((n-1)\2)+1, sqrtint(n-1), if(issquare(n-k^2), return(0))); 1 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Sep 02 2015

A025426(a(n)) = 0; A063725(a(n)) = 0. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 16 2011

A000415 Numbers that are the sum of 2 but no fewer nonzero squares.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 5, 8, 10, 13, 17, 18, 20, 26, 29, 32, 34, 37, 40, 41, 45, 50, 52, 53, 58, 61, 65, 68, 72, 73, 74, 80, 82, 85, 89, 90, 97, 98, 101, 104, 106, 109, 113, 116, 117, 122, 125, 128, 130, 136, 137, 145, 146, 148, 149, 153, 157, 160, 162, 164, 170, 173, 178, 180, 181

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane and J. H. Conway

Only these numbers can occur as discriminants of quintic polynomials with solvable Galois group F20. - Artur Jasinski, Oct 25 2007
Complement of A022544 in the nonsquare positive integers A000037. - Max Alekseyev, Jan 21 2010
Nonsquare positive integers D such that Pell equation y^2 - D*x^2 = -1 has rational solutions. - Max Alekseyev, Mar 09 2010
Nonsquares for which all 4k+3 primes in the integer's canonical form occur with even multiplicity. - Ant King, Nov 02 2010

E. Grosswald, Representation of Integers as Sums of Squares, Springer-Verlag, New York Inc., (1985), p.15. - Ant King, Nov 02 2010

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
R. K. Guy, Every number is expressible as the sum of how many polygonal numbers?, Amer. Math. Monthly 101 (1994), 169-172. - _Ant King_, Nov 02 2010
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Square Number
Index entries for sequences related to sums of squares

Cf. A000404, A000419, A001481, A002828, A009003, A134422.

c = {}; Do[Do[k = a^2 + b^2; If[IntegerQ[Sqrt[k]], Null, AppendTo[c,k]], {a, 1, 100}], {b, 1, 100}]; Union[c] (* Artur Jasinski, Oct 25 2007 *)
Select[Range[181],Length[PowersRepresentations[ #,2,2]]>0 && !IntegerQ[Sqrt[ # ]] &] (* Ant King, Nov 02 2010 *)

is(n)=my(f=factor(n)); for(i=1, #f[, 1], if(f[i, 2]%2 && f[i, 1]%4==3, return(0))); !issquare(n) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Feb 07 2017

from itertools import count, islice
from sympy import factorint
def A000415_gen(startvalue=2): # generator of terms >= startvalue
    for n in count(max(startvalue,2)):
        f = factorint(n).items()
        if any(e&1 for p,e in f if p&3<3) and not any(e&1 for p,e in f if p&3==3):
            yield n
A000415_list = list(islice(A000415_gen(),20)) # Chai Wah Wu, Aug 01 2023

{ A000404 } minus { A134422 }. - Artur Jasinski, Oct 25 2007

More terms from Arlin Anderson (starship1(AT)gmail.com)

A050803 Cubes expressible as the sum of two nonzero squares in at least one way.

Original entry on oeis.org

8, 125, 512, 1000, 2197, 4913, 5832, 8000, 15625, 17576, 24389, 32768, 39304, 50653, 64000, 68921, 91125, 125000, 140608, 148877, 195112, 226981, 274625, 314432, 373248, 389017, 405224, 512000, 551368, 614125, 704969, 729000, 912673, 941192

Offset: 1

Patrick De Geest, Sep 15 1999

nonn

Root values equal terms from sequence A000404 'Sum of 2 nonzero squares'.
In other words, a(n)=(A000404(n))^3. - Artur Jasinski, Nov 29 2007
Obviously, if n and m are different members of this sequence, then n*m is also a member of this sequence. Additionally, if k^3 is a member of this sequence and k is not in A050804, then k^6 is also a member of this sequence. - Altug Alkan, May 11 2016

			551368 or 82^3 = 82^2 + 738^2 = 242^2 + 702^2.

Ian Stewart, "Game, Set and Math", Chapter 8 'Close Encounters of the Fermat Kind', Penguin Books, Ed. 1991, pp. 107-124.

Index entries for sequences related to sums of squares

Cf. A000404, A050802, A050803, A135786, A135787, A135788.

a[n_]:=Module[{c=0},i=1; While[i^2Jayanta Basu, May 30 2013 *)
Select[Range[100]^3, Length[DeleteCases[PowersRepresentations[#, 2, 2], w_ /; MemberQ[w, 0]]] > 0 &] (* Michael De Vlieger, May 11 2016 *)

Edited by N. J. A. Sloane, May 15 2008 at the suggestion of R. J. Mathar

A232499 Number of unit squares, aligned with a Cartesian grid, completely within the first quadrant of a circle centered at the origin ordered by increasing radius.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 45, 47, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 60, 62, 64, 66, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 89, 90, 94, 96, 98, 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 115, 117, 119, 123, 125, 127, 129, 131

Offset: 1

Rajan Murthy and Vale Murthy, Nov 24 2013

nonn

The interval between terms reflects the number of ways a square integer can be partitioned into the sum of two square integers in an ordered pair. As examples, the increase from a(1) to a(2) from 1 to 3 is due to the inclusion of (1,2) and (2,1); and the increase from a(2) to a(3) is due to the inclusion of (2,2). Larger intervals occur when there are more combinations, such as, between a(17) and a(18) when (1,7), (7,1), and (5,5) are included.

			When radius of the circle exceeds 2^(1/2), one square is completely within the circle until the radius reaches 5^(1/2) when three squares are completely within the circle.

Robert G. Wilson v, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000 (terms 1..2623 from Rajan Murthy).
L. Edson Jeffery, Illustration of the first few terms.
Rajan Murthy, Graph of sequence
Rajan Murthy, Graph of intervals
Rajan Murthy, Diagram depicting A(13)

First differences are in A229904.
The first differences must be odd at positions given in A024517 by proof by symmetry as r^2=2*n^2 is on the x=y line.
The radii corresponding to the terms are given by the square roots of A000404.
Cf. A001481, A057961.
Cf. A237707 (3-dimensional analog), A239353 (4-dimensional analog).

(* An empirical solution *) terms = 100; f[r_] := Sum[Floor[Sqrt[r^2 - n^2]], {n, 1, Floor[r]}]; Clear[g]; g[m_] := g[m] = Union[Table[f[Sqrt[s]], {s, 2, m }]][[1 ;; terms]]; g[m = dm = 4*terms]; g[m = m + dm]; While[g[m] != g[m - dm], Print[m]; m = m + dm]; A232499 = g[m]  (* Jean-François Alcover, Mar 06 2014 *)

A097269 Numbers that are the sum of two nonzero squares but not the difference of two nonzero squares.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 10, 18, 26, 34, 50, 58, 74, 82, 90, 98, 106, 122, 130, 146, 162, 170, 178, 194, 202, 218, 226, 234, 242, 250, 274, 290, 298, 306, 314, 338, 346, 362, 370, 386, 394, 410, 442, 450, 458, 466, 482, 490, 514, 522, 530, 538, 554, 562, 578, 586, 610, 626, 634

Offset: 1

Ray Chandler, Aug 19 2004

nonn

Intersection of A000404 (sum of squares) and complement of A024352 (difference of squares).
Numbers of the form 4k+2 = double of an odd number, with the odd number equal to the sum of 2 squares (sequence A057653). - Jean-Christophe Hervé, Oct 24 2015
Numbers that are the sum of two odd squares. - Jean-Christophe Hervé, Oct 25 2015

			2 = 1^2 + 1^2, 10 = 1^2 + 3^2, 18 = 3^2 + 3^2.

Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Sum of Squares Function.

Cf. A000404, A024352, A097268, A097270, A097271. Equals twice A057653.

Cf. A020668, A263715.

is(n)=if(n%4!=2,return(0)); my(f=factor(n/2)); for(i=1,#f[,1],if(bitand(f[i,2],1)==1&&bitand(f[i,1],3)==3, return(0))); 1 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, May 31 2013

from itertools import count, islice
from sympy import factorint
def A097269_gen(): # generator of terms
    return filter(lambda n:all(p & 3 != 3 or e & 1 == 0 for p, e in factorint(n//2).items()),count(2,4))
A097269_list = list(islice(A097269_gen(),30)) # Chai Wah Wu, Jun 28 2022

A001983 Numbers that are the sum of 2 distinct squares: of form x^2 + y^2 with 0 <= x < y.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 5, 9, 10, 13, 16, 17, 20, 25, 26, 29, 34, 36, 37, 40, 41, 45, 49, 50, 52, 53, 58, 61, 64, 65, 68, 73, 74, 80, 81, 82, 85, 89, 90, 97, 100, 101, 104, 106, 109, 113, 116, 117, 121, 122, 125, 130, 136, 137, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149, 153, 157, 160, 164

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

This sequence lists the values of A000404(n)/2 when A000404(n) is an even number. In other words, sequence lists integers n that are the average of two nonzero squares. - Altug Alkan, May 26 2016

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
G. Xiao, Two squares
Index entries for sequences related to sums of squares

Cf. A000404, subsequence of A001481, A004435 (complement), A025435, A004431.

Union of A000290 and A004431 excluding 0.

a001983 n = a001983_list !! (n-1)
a001983_list = [x | x <- [0..], a025435 x > 0]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 20 2013

upto=200;max=Floor[Sqrt[upto]];s=Total/@((Subsets[Range[0,max], {2}])^2);Union[Select[s,#<=upto&]]  (* Harvey P. Dale, Apr 01 2011 *)
selQ[n_] := Select[ PowersRepresentations[n, 2, 2], 0 <= #[[1]] < #[[2]] &] != {}; Select[Range[200], selQ] (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 03 2013 *)

list(lim)=my(v=List()); for(x=0,sqrtint(lim\4), for(y=x+1, sqrtint(lim\1-x^2), listput(v, x^2+y^2))); Set(v) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Feb 07 2017

A025435(a(n)) > 0. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 20 2013

A057961 Number of points in square lattice covered by a disc centered at (0,0) as its radius increases.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 5, 9, 13, 21, 25, 29, 37, 45, 49, 57, 61, 69, 81, 89, 97, 101, 109, 113, 121, 129, 137, 145, 149, 161, 169, 177, 185, 193, 197, 213, 221, 225, 233, 241, 249, 253, 261, 277, 285, 293, 301, 305, 317, 325, 333, 341, 349, 357, 365, 373, 377, 385, 401, 405, 421

Offset: 1

Ken Takusagawa, Oct 15 2000

Useful for rasterizing circles.

Conjecture: the number of lattice points in a quadrant of the disk is equal to A000592(n-1). - L. Edson Jeffery, Feb 10 2014

			a(2)=5 because (0,0); (0,1); (0,-1); (1,0); (-1,0) are covered by any disc of radius between 1 and sqrt(2).

J. H. Conway and N. J. A. Sloane, "Sphere Packings, Lattices and Groups", Springer-Verlag, p. 106.

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n=1..1000
L. Edson Jeffery, Illustration of first few terms.

Cf. A004018, A004020, A005883, A057962. Distinct terms of A057655.

Cf. A000404, A001481, A232499.

max = 100; A001481 = Select[Range[0, 4*max], SquaresR[2, #] != 0 &]; Table[SquaresR[2, A001481[[n]]], {n, 1, max}] // Accumulate (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 04 2013 *)

A100292 Numbers of the form a^5 + b^2 with a, b > 0.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 5, 10, 17, 26, 33, 36, 37, 41, 48, 50, 57, 65, 68, 81, 82, 96, 101, 113, 122, 132, 145, 153, 170, 176, 197, 201, 226, 228, 244, 247, 252, 257, 259, 268, 279, 288, 290, 292, 307, 321, 324, 325, 343, 356, 362, 364, 387, 393, 401, 412, 432, 439, 442, 468, 473

Offset: 1

T. D. Noe, Nov 18 2004

nonn

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..5000

Cf. A100272 (primes of the form a^5 + b^2).

Cf. A000404 (a^2 + b^2), A055394 (a^2 + b^3), A111925 (a^2 + b^4), A100291 (a^4 + b^3), A100292 (a^5 + b^2), A100293 (a^5 + b^3), A100294 (a^5 + b^4), A303372 (a^2 + b^6), A303373 (a^3 + b^6), A303374 (a^4 + b^6), A303375 (a^5 + b^6).

lst={}; Do[p=a^5+b^2; If[p<1000, AppendTo[lst, p]], {a, 16}, {b, 1024}]; Union[lst]

is(n, m=5)=for(a=1, sqrtnint(n-1, m), issquare(n-a^m) && return(a)) \\ M. F. Hasler, Apr 25 2018

cp's OEIS Frontend

A077773 Number of integers between n^2 and (n+1)^2 that are the sum of two squares; multiple representations are counted once.

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A025284 Numbers that are the sum of 2 nonzero squares in exactly 1 way.

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A018825 Numbers that are not the sum of 2 nonzero squares.

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A000415 Numbers that are the sum of 2 but no fewer nonzero squares.

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A050803 Cubes expressible as the sum of two nonzero squares in at least one way.

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A232499 Number of unit squares, aligned with a Cartesian grid, completely within the first quadrant of a circle centered at the origin ordered by increasing radius.

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A097269 Numbers that are the sum of two nonzero squares but not the difference of two nonzero squares.

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