A001497 -id:A001497 - cp's OEIS frontend

A013988 Triangle read by rows, the inverse Bell transform of n!*binomial(5,n) (without column 0).

1, 5, 1, 55, 15, 1, 935, 295, 30, 1, 21505, 7425, 925, 50, 1, 623645, 229405, 32400, 2225, 75, 1, 21827575, 8423415, 1298605, 103600, 4550, 105, 1, 894930575, 358764175, 59069010, 5235405, 271950, 8330, 140, 1, 42061737025, 17398082625, 3016869625, 289426830, 16929255, 621810, 14070, 180, 1

Offset: 1

Wolfdieter Lang

Previous name was: Triangle of numbers related to triangle A049224; generalization of Stirling numbers of second kind A008277, Bessel triangle A001497.
T(n, m) = S2p(-5; n,m), a member of a sequence of triangles including S2p(-1; n,m) = A001497(n-1,m-1) (Bessel triangle) and ((-1)^(n-m))*S2p(1; n,m) = A008277(n,m) (Stirling 2nd kind). T(n, 1) = A008543(n-1).
For the definition of the Bell transform see A264428 and the link. - Peter Luschny, Jan 16 2016

			Triangle begins as:
          1;
          5,         1;
         55,        15,        1;
        935,       295,       30,       1;
      21505,      7425,      925,      50,      1;
     623645,    229405,    32400,    2225,     75,     1;
   21827575,   8423415,  1298605,  103600,   4550,   105,    1;
  894930575, 358764175, 59069010, 5235405, 271950,  8330,  140,   1;

G. C. Greubel, Rows n = 1..50 of the triangle, flattened
P. Blasiak, K. A. Penson and A. I. Solomon, The general boson normal ordering problem, arXiv:quant-ph/0402027, 2004.
Milan Janjic, Some classes of numbers and derivatives, JIS 12 (2009) 09.8.3
Wolfdieter Lang, On generalizations of Stirling number triangles, J. Integer Seqs., Vol. 3 (2000), #00.2.4.
Peter Luschny, The Bell transform
Index entries for sequences related to Bessel functions or polynomials

Cf. A008277, A008543, A049224, A264428.
Cf. A028844 (row sums).
Triangles with the recurrence T(n,k) = (m*(n-1)-k)*T(n-1,k) + T(n-1,k-1): A010054 (m=1), A001497 (m=2), A004747 (m=3), A000369 (m=4), A011801 (m=5), this sequence (m=6).

function T(n,k) // T = A013988
  if k eq 0 then return 0;
  elif k eq n then return 1;
  else return (6*(n-1)-k)*T(n-1,k) + T(n-1,k-1);
  end if;
end function;
[T(n,k): k in [1..n], n in [1..12]]; // G. C. Greubel, Oct 03 2023

(* First program *)
rows = 10;
b[n_, m_] := BellY[n, m, Table[k! Binomial[5, k], {k, 0, rows}]];
A = Table[b[n, m], {n, 1, rows}, {m, 1, rows}] // Inverse // Abs;
A013988 = Table[A[[n, m]], {n, 1, rows}, {m, 1, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 22 2018 *)
(* Second program *)
T[n_, k_]:= T[n, k]= If[k==0, 0, If[k==n, 1, (6*(n-1) -k)*T[n-1,k] +T[n-1, k-1]]];
Table[T[n,k], {n,12}, {k,n}]//Flatten (* G. C. Greubel, Oct 03 2023 *)

# uses[inverse_bell_matrix from A264428]
# Adds 1,0,0,0, ... as column 0 at the left side of the triangle.
inverse_bell_matrix(lambda n: factorial(n)*binomial(5, n), 8) # Peter Luschny, Jan 16 2016

T(n, m) = n!*A049224(n, m)/(m!*6^(n-m));

T(n+1, m) = (6*n-m)*T(n, m) + T(n, m-1), for n >= m >= 1, with T(n, m) = 0, n

E.g.f. of m-th column: ((1 - (1-6*x)^(1/6))^m)/m!.

Sum_{k=1..n} T(n, k) = A028844(n).

New name from Peter Luschny, Jan 16 2016

A049403 A triangle of numbers related to triangle A030528; array a(n,m), read by rows (1 <= m <= n).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 0, 3, 1, 0, 3, 6, 1, 0, 0, 15, 10, 1, 0, 0, 15, 45, 15, 1, 0, 0, 0, 105, 105, 21, 1, 0, 0, 0, 105, 420, 210, 28, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 945, 1260, 378, 36, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 945, 4725, 3150, 630, 45, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 10395, 17325, 6930, 990, 55, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 10395, 62370

Offset: 1

Wolfdieter Lang

a(n,1) = A019590(n) = A008279(1,n). a(n,m) =: S1(-1; n,m), a member of a sequence of lower triangular Jabotinsky matrices, including S1(1; n,m) = A008275 (signed Stirling first kind), S1(2; n,m) = A008297(n,m) (signed Lah numbers). a(n,m) matrix is inverse to signed matrix ((-1)^(n-m))*A001497(n-1,m-1) (signed Bessel triangle). The monic row polynomials E(n,x) := Sum_{m=1..n} a(n,m)*x^m, E(0,x) := 1 are exponential convolution polynomials (see A039692 for the definition and a Knuth reference).

Exponential Riordan array [1+x, x(1+x/2)]. T(n,k) = A001498(k+1, n-k). - Paul Barry, Jan 15 2009

			Triangle a(n,m) (with rows n >= 1 and columns m >= 1) begins as follows:
  1;                 with row polynomial E(1,x) = x;
  1, 1;              with row polynomial E(2,x) = x^2 + x;
  0, 3,  1;          with row polynomial E(3,x) = 3*x^2 + x^3;
  0, 3,  6,   1;     with row polynomial E(4,x) = 3*x^2 + 6*x^3 + x^4;
  0, 0, 15,  10,   1;
  0, 0, 15,  45,  15,   1;
  0, 0,  0, 105, 105,  21,  1;
  0, 0,  0, 105, 420, 210, 28, 1;
  ...

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for the first 50 rows, flattened
Wolfdieter Lang, On generalizations of Stirling number triangles, J. Integer Seqs., Vol. 3 (2000), #00.2.4.
Wolfdieter Lang, First 10 rows of the array and more.
Robert S. Maier, Boson Operator Ordering Identities from Generalized Stirling and Eulerian Numbers, arXiv:2308.10332 [math.CO], 2023. See p. 19.

Cf. A000085 (row sums), A001497, A001498, A008275, A008279, A008297, A019590, A030528, A039692.

Variations of this array: A096713, A104556, A122848, A130757.

# The function BellMatrix is defined in A264428.
# Adds (1,0,0,0, ..) as column 0.
BellMatrix(n -> `if`(n<2,1,0), 9); # Peter Luschny, Jan 28 2016

t[n_, k_] := k!*Binomial[n, k]/((2 k - n)!*2^(n - k)); Table[ t[n, k], {n, 11}, {k, n}] // Flatten
(* Second program: *)
BellMatrix[f_Function, len_] := With[{t = Array[f, len, 0]}, Table[BellY[n, k, t], {n, 0, len-1}, {k, 0, len-1}]];
rows = 13;
M = BellMatrix[If[#<2, 1, 0]&, rows];
Table[M[[n, k]], {n, 2, rows}, {k, 2, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 23 2018, after Peter Luschny *)

a(n, m) = n!*A030528(n, m)/(m!*2^(n-m)) for n >= m >= 1.
a(n, m) = (2*m-n+1)*a(n-1, m) + a(n-1, m-1) for n >= m >= 1 with a(n, m) = 0 for n < m, a(n, 0) := 0, and a(1, 1) = 1. [The 0th column does not appear in this array. - Petros Hadjicostas, Oct 28 2019]
E.g.f. for the m-th column: (x*(1 + x/2))^m/m!.
a(n,m) = A122848(n,m). - R. J. Mathar, Jan 14 2011

A144299 Triangle of Bessel numbers read by rows. Row n gives T(n,n), T(n,n-1), T(n,n-2), ..., T(n,0) for n >= 0.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 3, 0, 0, 1, 6, 3, 0, 0, 1, 10, 15, 0, 0, 0, 1, 15, 45, 15, 0, 0, 0, 1, 21, 105, 105, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 28, 210, 420, 105, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 36, 378, 1260, 945, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 45, 630, 3150, 4725, 945, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 55, 990, 6930, 17325, 10395, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

Offset: 0

David Applegate and N. J. A. Sloane, Dec 06 2008

T(n,k) is the number of partitions of an n-set into k nonempty subsets, each of size at most 2.
The Grosswald and Choi-Smith references give many further properties and formulas.
Considered as an infinite lower triangular matrix T, lim_{n->infinity} T^n = A118930: (1, 1, 2, 4, 13, 41, 166, 652, ...) as a vector. - Gary W. Adamson, Dec 08 2008

			Triangle begins:
  n:
  0: 1
  1: 1  0
  2: 1  1   0
  3: 1  3   0    0
  4: 1  6   3    0   0
  5: 1 10  15    0   0  0
  6: 1 15  45   15   0  0  0
  7: 1 21 105  105   0  0  0  0
  8: 1 28 210  420 105  0  0  0  0
  9: 1 36 378 1260 945  0  0  0  0  0
  ...
The row sums give A000085.
For some purposes it is convenient to rotate the triangle by 45 degrees:
  1 0 0 0 0  0  0   0   0    0    0     0 ...
    1 1 0 0  0  0   0   0    0    0     0 ...
      1 3 3  0  0   0   0    0    0     0 ...
        1 6 15 15   0   0    0    0     0 ...
          1 10 45 105 105    0    0     0 ...
             1 15 105 420  945  945     0 ...
                1  21 210 1260 4725 10395 ...
                    1  28  378 3150 17325 ...
                        1   36  630  6930 ...
                             1   45   990 ...
  ...
The latter triangle is important enough that it has its own entry, A144331. Here the column sums give A000085 and the rows sums give A001515.
If the entries in the rotated triangle are denoted by b1(n,k), n >= 0, k <= 2n, then we have the recurrence b1(n, k) = b1(n - 1, k - 1) + (k - 1)*b1(n - 1, k - 2).
Then b1(n,k) is the number of partitions of [1, 2, ..., k] into exactly n blocks, each of size 1 or 2.

E. Grosswald, Bessel Polynomials, Lecture Notes Math., Vol. 698, 1978.

Reinhard Zumkeller, Rows n = 0..125 of triangle, flattened
David Applegate and N. J. A. Sloane, The Gift Exchange Problem, arXiv:0907.0513 [math.CO], 2009.
J. Y. Choi and J. D. H. Smith, On the unimodality and combinatorics of Bessel numbers, Discrete Math., 264 (2003), 45-53.
Tom Copeland, Infinitesimal Generators, the Pascal Pyramid, and the Witt and Virasoro Algebras
Toufik Mansour, Matthias Schork, and Mark Shattuck, The Generalized Stirling and Bell Numbers Revisited, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 15 (2012), #12.8.3.
T. Mansour and M. Shattuck, Partial matchings and pattern avoidance, Appl. Anal. Discrete Math. 7 (2013) 25-50.

Other versions of this same triangle are given in A111924 (which omits the first row), A001498 (which left-adjusts the rows in the bottom view), A001497 and A100861. Row sums give A000085.

Cf. A000085, A000217, A001464, A004526, A118930, A144385, A144643..

a144299 n k = a144299_tabl !! n !! k
a144299_row n = a144299_tabl !! n
a144299_tabl = [1] : [1, 0] : f 1 [1] [1, 0] where
   f i us vs = ws : f (i + 1) vs ws where
               ws = (zipWith (+) (0 : map (i *) us) vs) ++ [0]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 01 2014

A144299:= func< n,k | k le Floor(n/2) select Factorial(n)/(Factorial(n-2*k)*Factorial(k)*2^k) else 0 >;
[A144299(n,k): k in [0..n], n in [0..12]]; // G. C. Greubel, Sep 29 2023

Maple code producing the rotated version:
b1 := proc(n, k)
option remember;
if n = k then 1;
elif k < n then 0;
elif n < 1 then 0;
else b1(n - 1, k - 1) + (k - 1)*b1(n - 1, k - 2);
end if;
end proc;
for n from 0 to 12 do lprint([seq(b1(n,k),k=0..2*n)]); od:

T[n_,0]=0; T[1,1]=1; T[2,1]=1; T[n_, k_]:= T[n-1,k-1] + (n-1)T[n-2,k-1];
Table[T[n,k], {n,12}, {k,n,1,-1}]//Flatten (* Robert G. Wilson v *)
Table[If[k<=Floor[n/2],n!/((n-2 k)! k! 2^k),0], {n, 0, 12},{k,0,n}]//Flatten (* Stefano Spezia, Jun 15 2023 *)

def A144299(n,k): return factorial(n)/(factorial(n-2*k)*factorial(k)*2^k) if k <= (n//2) else 0
flatten([[A144299(n,k) for k in range(n+1)] for n in range(13)]) # G. C. Greubel, Sep 29 2023

T(n, k) = T(n-1, k-1) + (n-1)*T(n-2, k-1).
E.g.f.: Sum_{k >= 0} Sum_{n = 0..2k} T(n,k) y^k x^n/n! = exp(y(x+x^2/2)). (The coefficient of y^k is the e.g.f. for the k-th row of the rotated triangle shown below.)
T(n, k) = n!/((n - 2*k)!*k!*2^k) for 0 <= k <= floor(n/2) and 0 otherwise. - Stefano Spezia, Jun 15 2023
From G. C. Greubel, Sep 29 2023: (Start)
T(n, 1) = A000217(n-1).
Sum_{k=0..n} T(n,k) = A000085(n).
Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^k*T(n,k) = A001464(n). (End)

Offset fixed by Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 01 2014

A157401 A partition product of Stirling_2 type [parameter k = 1] with biggest-part statistic (triangle read by rows).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 1, 9, 12, 15, 1, 25, 60, 75, 105, 1, 75, 330, 450, 630, 945, 1, 231, 1680, 3675, 4410, 6615, 10395, 1, 763, 9408, 30975, 41160, 52920, 83160, 135135, 1, 2619, 56952, 233415, 489510, 555660, 748440, 1216215

Offset: 1

Peter Luschny, Mar 09 2009, Mar 14 2009

Partition product of prod_{j=0..n-1}((k + 1)*j - 1) and n! at k = 1,
summed over parts with equal biggest part (see the Luschny link).
Underlying partition triangle is A143171.
Same partition product with length statistic is A001497.
Diagonal a(A000217) = A001147.
Row sum is A001515.

Peter Luschny, Counting with Partitions.
Peter Luschny, Generalized Stirling_2 Triangles.

Cf. A157396, A157397, A157398, A157399, A157400, A080510, A157402, A157403, A157404, A157405

T(n,0) = [n = 0] (Iverson notation) and for n > 0 and 1 <= m <= n
T(n,m) = Sum_{a} M(a)|f^a| where a = a_1,..,a_n such that
1*a_1+2*a_2+...+n*a_n = n and max{a_i} = m, M(a) = n!/(a_1!*..*a_n!),
f^a = (f_1/1!)^a_1*..*(f_n/n!)^a_n and f_n = product_{j=0..n-1}(2*j - 1).

A001881 Coefficients of Bessel polynomials y_n (x).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 21, 378, 6930, 135135, 2837835, 64324260, 1571349780, 41247931725, 1159525191825, 34785755754750, 1109981842719750, 37554385678684875, 1343291487737574375, 50661278966102805000, 2009564065655411265000, 83648104232906493905625, 3646073249210806587298125

Offset: 5

N. J. A. Sloane, Simon Plouffe

J. Riordan, Combinatorial Identities, Wiley, 1968, p. 77.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 5..400 (terms 5..100 from T. D. Noe)
Selden Crary, Richard Diehl Martinez, Michael Saunders, The Nu Class of Low-Degree-Truncated Rational Multifunctions. Ib. Integrals of Matern-correlation functions for all odd-half-integer class parameters, arXiv:1707.00705 [stat.ME], 2017, Table 1.
J. Riordan, Notes to N. J. A. Sloane, Jul. 1968
Index entries for sequences related to Bessel functions or polynomials

See A001518.
(1/4) the coefficient of x^2 of polynomials in A098503.
Column 5 of triangle A001497.
Third column (m=2) of Laguerre-Sonin a=1/2 triangle A130757.

[Factorial(2*n-5)/(120*Factorial(n-5)*2^(n-5) ): n in [5..30]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Aug 14 2017

With[{nn = 50}, CoefficientList[Series[x*(1 + 3*x/2)/(1 - 2*x)^(9/2), {x, 0, nn}], x]*Range[0, nn]!] (* G. C. Greubel, Aug 13 2017 *)

x='x+O('x^50); Vec(serlaplace(x*(1 + 3*x/2)/(1 - 2*x)^(9/2))) \\ G. C. Greubel, Aug 13 2017

a(n) = (2n-5)!/( 5!*(n-5)!*2^(n-5) ).
a(n) = binomial(n-3,2)*(2*n-5)!!/5!!, n >= 5, with (2*n-5)!! = A001147(n-2).
E.g.f.: x*(1 + 3*x/2)/(1 - 2*x)^(9/2), with offset 1. - G. C. Greubel, Aug 13 2017
G.f.: t^5 * hypergeometric2F0(3, 7/2; -; 2*t) = t^5 + 21*t^6 + .... - G. C. Greubel, Aug 16 2017

A144331 Triangle b(n,k) for n >= 0, 0 <= k <= 2n, read by rows. See A144299 for definition and properties.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 3, 3, 0, 0, 0, 1, 6, 15, 15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 10, 45, 105, 105, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 15, 105, 420, 945, 945, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 21, 210, 1260, 4725, 10395, 10395, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 28, 378, 3150, 17325, 62370, 135135, 135135, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

Offset: 0

David Applegate and N. J. A. Sloane, Dec 07 2008

Although this entry is the last of the versions of the underlying triangle to be added to the OEIS, for some applications it is the most important.
Row n has 2n+1 entries.
A001498 has a b-file.

			Triangle begins:
  1
  0 1 1
  0 0 1 3 3
  0 0 0 1 6 15 15
  0 0 0 0 1 10 45 105 105
  0 0 0 0 0  1 15 105 420  945  945
  0 0 0 0 0  0  1  21 210 1260 4725 10395 10395
  ...

Reinhard Zumkeller, Rows n = 0..100 of triangle, flattened
Moa Apagodu, David Applegate, N. J. A. Sloane, and Doron Zeilberger, Analysis of the Gift Exchange Problem, arXiv:1701.08394 [math.CO], 2017.
David Applegate and N. J. A. Sloane, The Gift Exchange Problem (arXiv:0907.0513, 2009)

Cf. A144299, A278990.
Row sums give A001515, column sums A000085.
Other versions of this triangle are given in A001497, A001498, A111924 and A100861.
See A144385 for a generalization.

a144331 n k = a144331_tabf !! n !! k
a144331_row n = a144331_tabf !! n
a144331_tabf = iterate (\xs ->
  zipWith (+) ([0] ++ xs ++ [0]) $ zipWith (*) (0:[0..]) ([0,0] ++ xs)) [1]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 24 2014

A144331:= func< n,k | k le n-1 select 0 else Factorial(k)/(2^(k-n)*Factorial(k-n)*Factorial(2*n-k)) >;
[A144331(n,k): k in [0..2*n], n in [0..12]]; // G. C. Greubel, Oct 04 2023

Flatten[Table[PadLeft[Table[(n+k)!/(2^k*k!*(n-k)!), {k,0,n}], 2*n+1, 0], {n,0,12}]] (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 14 2011 *)

def A144331(n, k): return 0 if kA144331(n,k) for k in range(2*n+1)] for n in range(13)]) # G. C. Greubel, Oct 04 2023

E.g.f.: Sum_{n >= 0} Sum_{k = 0..2n} b(n,k) y^n * x^k/k! = exp(x*y*(1 + x/2)).
b(n, k) = 2^(n-k)*k!/((2*n-k)!*(k-n)!).
Sum_{k=0..2*n} b(n, k) = A001515(n).
Sum_{n >= 0} b(n, k) = A000085(k).
From G. C. Greubel, Oct 04 2023: (Start)
T(n, k) = 0 for 0 <= k <= n-1, otherwise T(n, k) = k!/(2^(k-n)*(k-n)!*(2*n-k)!) for n <= k <= 2*n.
Sum_{k=0..2*n} (-1)^k * T(n, k) = A278990(n). (End)

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A001514 Bessel polynomial {y_n}'(1).

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A011801 Triangle read by rows, the inverse Bell transform of n!*binomial(4,n) (without column 0).

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A001880 Coefficients of Bessel polynomials y_n (x).

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A001516 Bessel polynomial {y_n}''(1).

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A013988 Triangle read by rows, the inverse Bell transform of n!*binomial(5,n) (without column 0).

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A049403 A triangle of numbers related to triangle A030528; array a(n,m), read by rows (1 <= m <= n).

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A144299 Triangle of Bessel numbers read by rows. Row n gives T(n,n), T(n,n-1), T(n,n-2), ..., T(n,0) for n >= 0.

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