A006038 -id:A006038 - cp's OEIS frontend

A188342 Smallest odd primitive abundant number (A006038) having n distinct prime factors.

945, 3465, 15015, 692835, 22309287, 1542773001, 33426748355, 1635754104985, 114761064312895, 9316511857401385, 879315530560980695, 88452776289145528645, 2792580508557308832935, 428525983200229616718445, 42163230434005200984080045, 1357656019974967471687377449

Offset: 3

T. D. Noe, Mar 28 2011

nonn

Dickson proves that there are only a finite number of odd primitive abundant numbers having n distinct prime factors. For n=3, there are 8 such numbers: 945, 1575, 2205, 7425, 78975, 131625, 342225, 570375. See A188439.
a(14) <= 88452776289145528645. - Donovan Johnson, Mar 31 2011
a(15) <= 2792580508557308832935, a(16) <= 428525983200229616718445, a(17) <= 42163230434005200984080045. If these a(n) are squarefree and don't have a greatest prime factor more than 3 primes away from that of the preceding term, then these bounds are the actual values of a(n). The PARI code needs only fractions of a second to compute further bounds, which under the given hypotheses are the actual values of a(n). - M. F. Hasler, Jul 17 2016
It appears that the terms are squarefree for n >= 5, so they yield also the smallest term of A249263 with n factors; see A287581 for the largest such, and A287590 for the number of such terms with n factors. (For nonsquarefree odd abundant numbers, this seems to be known only for n = 3 and n = 4 prime factors (8 respectively 576 terms), cf. A188439.) - M. F. Hasler, May 29 2017
Comment from Don Reble, Jan 17 2023: (Start)
"If these a(n) are squarefree and don't have a greatest prime factor more than 3 primes away from that of the preceding term, then these bounds are the actual values of a(n)."
This conjecture is correct up to a(50). (End)

			From _M. F. Hasler_, Jul 17 2016: (Start)
               945 = 3^3 * 5 * 7
              3465 = 3^2 * 5 * 7 * 11
             15015 = 3 * 5 * 7 * 11 * 13
            692835 = 3 * 5 * 11 * 13 * 17 * 19     (n=6: gpf increases by 2 primes)
          22309287 = 3 * 7 * 11 * 13 * 17 * 19 * 23
        1542773001 = 3 * 7 * 11 * 17 * 19 * 23 * 29 * 31
       33426748355 = 5 * 7 * 11 * 13 * 17 * 19 * 23 * 29 * 31
     1635754104985 = 5 * 7 * 11 * 13 * 17 * 19 * 23 * 29 * 37 * 41     (here too)
   114761064312895 = 5 * 7 * 11 * 13 * 17 * 23 * 29 * 31 * 37 * 41 * 43
  9316511857401385 = 5 * 7 * 13 * 17 * 19 * 23 * 29 * 31 * 37 * 41 * 43 * 47
879315530560980695 = 5 * 7 * 13 * 17 * 19 * 23 * 29 * 31 * 37 * 41 * 53 * 59 * 61 (n=13: gpf increases for the first time by 3 primes) (End)

Daniel Suteu, Table of n, a(n) for n = 3..27
L. E. Dickson, Finiteness of the odd perfect and primitive abundant numbers with n distinct prime factors, American Journal of Mathematics 35 (1913), pp. 413-422.
H. N. Shapiro, Note on a theorem of Dickson, Bull Amer. Math. Soc. 55 (4) (1949), 450-452

Cf. A006038, A275449.

PrimAbunQ[n_] := Module[{x, y},
   y = Most[Divisors[n]]; x = DivisorSigma[1, y];
   DivisorSigma[1, n] > 2 n  &&  AllTrue[x/y, # <= 2  &]];
Table[k = 1;
 While[! PrimAbunQ[k] || Length[FactorInteger[k][[All, 1]]] != n,
k += 2]; k, {n, 3, 6}] (* Robert Price, Sep 26 2019 *)

A188342=[0,0,945,3465]; a(n,D(n)=n\6+1)={while(n>#A188342, my(S=#A188342, T=factor(A188342[S])[,1], M=[primepi(T[1]),primepi(T[#T])+D(S++)], best=prime(M[2])^S); forvec(v=vector(S,i,M), best>(T=prod(i=1,#v,prime(v[i]))) && (S=prod(i=1,#v,prime(v[i])+1)-T*2)>0 && S*prime(v[#v])A188342=concat(A188342,best));A188342[n]} \\ Assuming a(n) squarefree for n>4, search is exhaustive within the limit primepi(gpf(a(n))) <= primepi(gpf(a(n-1)))+D(n), with D(n) given as optional 2nd arg. - M. F. Hasler, Jul 17 2016

generate(A, B, n) = A=max(A, vecprod(primes(n+1))\2); (f(m, p, j) = my(list=List()); if(sigma(m) > 2*m, return(list)); forprime(q=p, sqrtnint(B\m, j), my(v=m*q); while(v <= B, if(j==1, if(v>=A && sigma(v) > 2*v, my(F=factor(v)[,1], ok=1); for(i=1, #F, if(sigma(v\F[i], -1) > 2, ok=0; break)); if(ok, listput(list, v))), if(v*(q+1) <= B, list=concat(list, f(v, q+1, j-1)))); v *= q)); list); vecsort(Vec(f(1, 3, n)));
a(n) = my(x=vecprod(primes(n+1))\2, y=2*x); while(1, my(v=generate(x, y, n)); if(#v >= 1, return(v[1])); x=y+1; y=2*x); \\ Daniel Suteu, Feb 10 2024

a(8)-a(12) from Donovan Johnson, Mar 29 2011
a(13) from Donovan Johnson, Mar 31 2011
a(14)-a(17) confirmed and a(18) from Daniel Suteu, Feb 10 2024

A188439 Irregular triangle of odd primitive abundant numbers (A006038) in which row n has numbers with n distinct prime factors.

Original entry on oeis.org

945, 1575, 2205, 7425, 78975, 131625, 342225, 570375, 3465, 4095, 5355, 5775, 5985, 6435, 6825, 7245, 8085, 8415, 8925, 9135, 9555, 9765, 11655, 12705, 12915, 13545, 14805, 16695, 18585, 19215, 21105, 22365, 22995, 24885, 26145, 28035, 28215, 29835

Offset: 3

T. D. Noe, Mar 31 2011

The initial row has 8 terms. Row n begins with A188342(n). Dickson proves that each row has a finite number of terms. He lists the first two rows in factored form in his paper. However, as Ferrier and Herzog report, Dickson's tables have many errors. There are 576 odd primitive abundant numbers (OPAN) having 4 distinct prime factors, the last of which is 3^10 5^5 17^4 251^2 = 970969744245403125. The next row, for 5 distinct prime factors, has over 100000 terms.

If the prime factors were counted with multiplicity, then the table would start with row 5, having 121 terms: (945, 1575, 2205, 3465, 4095, ..., 430815, 437745, 442365). Row 6 would start (7425, 28215, 29835, 33345, 34155, ...), and row 7, (81081, 121095, 164835, 182655, 189189, ...). - M. F. Hasler, Jul 27 2016 [See A287646.]

			From _M. F. Hasler_, Jul 27 2016: (Start)
Row 3: 945, 1575, 2205, 7425, 78975, 131625, 342225, 570375;
Row 4: 3465, 4095, 5355, ...(571 more)..., 249450402403828125, 970969744245403125;
Row 5: 15015, 19635, 21945, 23205, 25935, 26565, 31395, 33495, 33915, 35805, ...
Row 6: 692835, 838695, 937365, 1057485, 1130415, 1181895, 1225785, 1263405, ...
Row 7: 22309287, 28129101, 30069039, 34051017, 35888853, 36399363, ...
The first column is A188342 = (945, 3465, 15015, 692835, 22309287, ...) (End)

T. D. Noe, Rows n = 3..4, flattened
L. E. Dickson, Finiteness of the odd perfect and primitive abundant numbers with n distinct prime factors, American Journal of Mathematics 35 (1913), pp. 413-422.
A. Ferrier, Table errata 176, MTAC 4 (1950), 222.
Fritz Herzog, Table Errata 571, Math. Comp. 34 (1980), 652.
T. D. Noe, 576 odd primitive abundant numbers, factored

Row lengths are A303933.

Cf. A006038 (all OPAN), A188342 (first column of this table), A287646 (variant where row n contains all OPAN with n prime factors counted with multiplicity).

A136476 Odd primitive abundant numbers n such that n = x^2 + x + y^2 with y^2 < 2*x; a subsequence of A006038.

Original entry on oeis.org

9555, 12705, 15015, 18585, 21105, 32445, 41055, 43065, 46035, 47355, 51765, 125895, 129465, 228735, 257565, 324555, 375165, 400785, 409185, 537285, 693225, 4513509, 5569641, 5581695, 5959065, 6084351, 6338535, 8824095, 9597315

Offset: 1

Pierre CAMI, Jan 02 2008

nonn

x values in A136477 and y values in A136478

			9555=97^2+97+7^2 and 9555 odd primitive abundant number

Cf. A006038, A136477, A136478, A136479.

A379950 Numbers k such that k^2 is an odd primitive abundant number (A006038).

Original entry on oeis.org

585, 32085, 41925, 46665, 121605, 134589, 181305, 212175, 388455, 495465, 544065, 839865, 1061565, 1152921, 1165515, 1243275, 1247103, 1335411, 1676829, 2151075, 2290869, 2478075, 2771835, 2838165, 3016725, 3122847, 3156795, 4571415, 4738041, 5153841, 5558985, 6125049, 7471425, 7676775, 7780101, 7822425, 8259867

Offset: 1

Antti Karttunen, Jan 07 2025

nonn

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..3500 (terms 1..725 from Antti Karttunen)

Square roots of A379949.
Subsequence of A174830.
Cf. A000196, A006038.

isok(k) = if(!(k % 2), 0, my(f = factor(k)); for(i = 1, #f~, f[i, 2] *= 2); if(sigma(f, -1) <= 2, return(0)); for(i = 1, #f~, f[i, 2] -= 1; if(sigma(f, -1) > 2, return(0)); f[i, 2] += 1); 1); \\ Amiram Eldar, Mar 12 2025

a(n) = A000196(A379949(n)).

A005101 Abundant numbers (sum of divisors of m exceeds 2m).

Original entry on oeis.org

12, 18, 20, 24, 30, 36, 40, 42, 48, 54, 56, 60, 66, 70, 72, 78, 80, 84, 88, 90, 96, 100, 102, 104, 108, 112, 114, 120, 126, 132, 138, 140, 144, 150, 156, 160, 162, 168, 174, 176, 180, 186, 192, 196, 198, 200, 204, 208, 210, 216, 220, 222, 224, 228, 234, 240, 246, 252, 258, 260, 264, 270

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

A number m is abundant if sigma(m) > 2m (this sequence), perfect if sigma(m) = 2m (cf. A000396), or deficient if sigma(m) < 2m (cf. A005100), where sigma(m) is the sum of the divisors of m (A000203).
While the first even abundant number is 12 = 2^2*3, the first odd abundant is 945 = 3^3*5*7, the 232nd abundant number!
It appears that for m abundant and > 23, 2*A001055(m) - A101113(m) is NOT 0. - Eric Desbiaux, Jun 01 2009
If m is a term so is every positive multiple of m. "Primitive" terms are in A091191.
If m=6k (k>=2), then sigma(m) >= 1 + k + 2*k + 3*k + 6*k > 12*k = 2*m. Thus all such m are in the sequence.
According to Deléglise (1998), the abundant numbers have natural density 0.2474 < A(2) < 0.2480. Thus the n-th abundant number is asymptotic to 4.0322*n < n/A(2) < 4.0421*n. - Daniel Forgues, Oct 11 2015
From Bob Selcoe, Mar 28 2017 (prompted by correspondence with Peter Seymour): (Start)
Applying similar logic as the proof that all multiples of 6 >= 12 appear in the sequence, for all odd primes p:
i) all numbers of the form j*p*2^k (j >= 1) appear in the sequence when p < 2^(k+1) - 1;
ii) no numbers appear when p > 2^(k+1) - 1 (i.e., are deficient and are in A005100);
iii) when p = 2^(k+1) - 1 (i.e., perfect numbers, A000396), j*p*2^k (j >= 2) appear.
Note that redundancies are eliminated when evaluating p only in the interval [2^k, 2^(k+1)].
The first few even terms not of the forms i or iii are {70, 350, 490, 550, 572, 650, 770, ...}. (End)

L. E. Dickson, Theorems and tables on the sum of the divisors of a number, Quart. J. Pure Appl. Math., Vol. 44 (1913), pp. 264-296.
Richard K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, 3rd Edition, Springer, 2004, Section B2, pp. 74-84.
Clifford A. Pickover, A Passion for Mathematics, Wiley, 2005; see p. 59.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
James J. Tattersall, Elementary Number Theory in Nine Chapters, Cambridge University Press, 1999, page 128.

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
J. Britton, Perfect Number Analyser.
C. K. Caldwell, The Prime Glossary, abundant number.
Marc Deléglise, Bounds for the density of abundant integers, Experiment. Math., Volume 7, Issue 2 (1998), pp. 137-143.
Jason Earls, On Smarandache repunit n numbers, in Smarandache Notions Journal, Vol. 14, No. 1 (2004), page 243.
S. Flora Jeba, Anirban Roy, and Manjil P. Saikia, On k-Facile Perfect Numbers, Algebra and Its Applications (ICAA-2023) Springer Proc. Math. Stat., Vol. 474, 111-121. See p. 112.
Christian Kassel and Christophe Reutenauer, The zeta function of the Hilbert scheme of n points on a two-dimensional torus, arXiv:1505.07229v3 [math.AG], 2015. [A later version of this paper has a different title and different contents, and the number-theoretical part of the paper was moved to the publication below.]
Christian Kassel and Christophe Reutenauer, Complete determination of the zeta function of the Hilbert scheme of n points on a two-dimensional torus, arXiv:1610.07793 [math.NT], 2016.
Walter Nissen, Abundancy : Some Resources .
Paul Pollack and Carl Pomerance, Some problems of Erdős on the sum-of-divisors function, For Richard Guy on his 99th birthday: May his sequence be unbounded, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. Ser. B, Vol. 3 (2016), pp. 1-26; Errata.
Tyler Ross, A Perfect Number Generalization and Some Euclid-Euler Type Results, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 27 (2024), Article 24.7.5. See p. 10.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Abundant Number.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Abundance.
Wikipedia, Abundant number.
Index entries for "core" sequences.

Cf. A005835, A005100, A091194, A091196, A080224, A091191 (primitive).
Cf. A005231 and A006038 (odd abundant numbers).
Cf. A094268 (n consecutive abundant numbers).
Cf. A173490 (even abundant numbers).
Cf. A001065.
Cf. A000396 (perfect numbers).
Cf. A302991.

a005101 n = a005101_list !! (n-1)
a005101_list = filter (\x -> a001065 x > x) [1..]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 01 2015, Jan 21 2013

with(numtheory): for n from 1 to 270 do if sigma(n)>2*n then printf(`%d,`,n) fi: od:
isA005101 := proc(n)
    simplify(numtheory[sigma](n) > 2*n) ;
end proc: # R. J. Mathar, Jun 18 2015
A005101 := proc(n)
    option remember ;
    local a ;
    if n =1 then
        12 ;
    else
        a := procname(n-1)+1 ;
        while numtheory[sigma](a) <= 2*a do
            a := a+1 ;
        end do ;
        a ;
    end if ;
end proc: # R. J. Mathar, Oct 11 2017

abQ[n_] := DivisorSigma[1, n] > 2n; A005101 = Select[ Range[270], abQ[ # ] &] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 15 2005 *)
Select[Range[300], DivisorSigma[1, #] > 2 # &] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Oct 12 2015 *)

isA005101(n) = (sigma(n) > 2*n) \\ Michael B. Porter, Nov 07 2009

from sympy import divisors
def ok(n): return sum(divisors(n)) > 2*n
print(list(filter(ok, range(1, 271)))) # Michael S. Branicky, Aug 29 2021

from sympy import divisor_sigma
from itertools import count, islice
def A005101_gen(startvalue=1): return filter(lambda n:divisor_sigma(n) > 2*n, count(max(startvalue, 1))) # generator of terms >= startvalue
A005101_list = list(islice(A005101_gen(), 20)) # Chai Wah Wu, Jan 14 2022

a(n) is asymptotic to C*n with C=4.038... (Deléglise, 1998). - Benoit Cloitre, Sep 04 2002
A005101 = { n | A033880(n) > 0 }. - M. F. Hasler, Apr 19 2012
A001065(a(n)) > a(n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 01 2015

A005231 Odd abundant numbers (odd numbers m whose sum of divisors exceeds 2m).

Original entry on oeis.org

945, 1575, 2205, 2835, 3465, 4095, 4725, 5355, 5775, 5985, 6435, 6615, 6825, 7245, 7425, 7875, 8085, 8415, 8505, 8925, 9135, 9555, 9765, 10395, 11025, 11655, 12285, 12705, 12915, 13545, 14175, 14805, 15015, 15435, 16065, 16695, 17325, 17955

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

nonn

While the first even abundant number is 12 = 2^2*3, the first odd abundant is 945 = 3^3*5*7, the 232nd abundant number.
Schiffman notes that 945+630k is in this sequence for all k < 52. Most of the first initial terms are of the form. Among the 1996 terms below 10^6, 1164 terms are of that form, and only 26 terms are not divisible by 5, cf. A064001. - M. F. Hasler, Jul 16 2016
From M. F. Hasler, Jul 28 2016: (Start)
Any multiple of an abundant number is again abundant, see A006038 for primitive terms, i.e., those which are not a multiple of an earlier term.
An odd abundant number must have at least 3 distinct prime factors, and 5 prime factors when counted with multiplicity (A001222), whence a(1) = 3^3*5*7. To see this, write the relative abundancy A(N) = sigma(N)/N = sigma[-1](N) as A(Product p_i^e_i) = Product (p_i-1/p_i^e_i)/(p_i-1) < Product p_i/(p_i-1).
See A115414 for terms not divisible by 3, A064001 for terms not divisible by 5, A112640 for terms coprime to 5*7, and A047802 for other generalizations.
As of today, we don't know of a difference between this set S of odd abundant numbers and the set S' of odd semiperfect numbers: Elements of S' \ S would be perfect (A000396), and elements of S \ S' would be weird (A006037), but no odd weird or perfect number is known. (End)
For any term m in this sequence, A064989(m) is also an abundant number (in A005101), and for any term x in A115414, A064989(x) is in this sequence. If there are no odd perfect numbers, then applying A064989 to these terms and sorting into ascending order gives A337386. - Antti Karttunen, Aug 28 2020
There exist infinitely many terms m such that 2*m+1 is also a term. An example of such a term is given by m = 985571808130707987847768908867571007187. - Max Alekseyev, Nov 16 2023

W. Dunham, Euler: The Master of Us All, The Mathematical Association of America Inc., Washington, D.C., 1999, p. 13.
R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, B2.
James J. Tattersall, Elementary Number Theory in Nine Chapters, Cambridge University Press, 1999, page 128.

Metin Sariyar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..32000 (terms 1..1000 from T. D. Noe)
Jill Britton, Perfect Number Analyzer.
L. E. Dickson, Finiteness of the odd perfect and primitive abundant numbers with n distinct prime factors, American Journal of Mathematics 35 (1913), pp. 413-422.
Mitsuo Kobayashi, Paul Pollack and Carl Pomerance, On the distribution of sociable numbers, Journal of Number Theory, Vol. 129, No. 8 (2009), pp. 1990-2009. See Theorem 10 on p. 2007.
Victor Meally, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, no date.
Walter Nissen, Abundancy : Some Resources.
Tyler Ross, A Perfect Number Generalization and Some Euclid-Euler Type Results, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 27 (2024), Article 24.7.5. See p. 10.
Jay L. Schiffman, Odd Abundant Numbers, Mathematical Spectrum, Volume 37, Number 2 (January 2005), pp 73-75.
Jay L. Schiffman and Christopher S. Simons, More Odd Abundant Sequences, Volume 38, Number 1 (September 2005), pp. 7-8.

Cf. A000203, A005835, A006038, A115414, A064001, A112640, A122036, A136446, A005101, A173490, A039725, A064989, A337386.

A005231 := proc(n) option remember ; local a ; if n = 1 then 945 ; else for a from procname(n-1)+2 by 2 do if numtheory[sigma](a) > 2*a then return a; end if; end do: end if; end proc: # R. J. Mathar, Mar 20 2011

fQ[n_] := DivisorSigma[1, n] > 2n; Select[1 + 2Range@ 9000, fQ] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Mar 20 2011 *)

je=[]; forstep(n=1,15000,2, if(sigma(n)>2*n, je=concat(je,n))); je

is_A005231(n)={bittest(n,0)&&sigma(n)>2*n} \\ M. F. Hasler, Jul 28 2016

list(lim)=my(v=List()); forfactored(n=945,lim\1, if(n[2][1,1]>2 && sigma(n,-1)>2, listput(v,n[1]))); Vec(v) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Apr 21 2022

a(n) ~ k*n for some constant k (perhaps around 500). - Charles R Greathouse IV, Apr 21 2022

482.8 < k < 489.8 (based on density bounds by Kobayashi et al., 2009). - Amiram Eldar, Jul 17 2022

More terms from James Sellers

A091191 Primitive abundant numbers: abundant numbers (A005101) having no abundant proper divisor.

Original entry on oeis.org

12, 18, 20, 30, 42, 56, 66, 70, 78, 88, 102, 104, 114, 138, 174, 186, 196, 222, 246, 258, 272, 282, 304, 308, 318, 354, 364, 366, 368, 402, 426, 438, 464, 474, 476, 498, 532, 534, 550, 572, 582, 606, 618, 642, 644, 650, 654, 678, 748, 762, 786, 812, 822

Offset: 1

Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 27 2003

nonn

A080224(a(n)) = 1.
This is a supersequence of the primitive abundant number sequence A071395, since many of these numbers will be positive integer multiples of the perfect numbers (A000396). - Timothy L. Tiffin, Jul 15 2016
If the terms of A071395 are removed from this sequence, then the resulting sequence will be A275082. - Timothy L. Tiffin, Jul 16 2016

			12 is a term since 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 (the proper divisors of 12) are either deficient or perfect numbers, and thus not abundant. - _Timothy L. Tiffin_, Jul 15 2016

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
P. Erdős, On the density of the abundant numbers, J. London Math. Soc. 9 (1934), pp. 278-282.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Abundant Number

Cf. A006038 (odd terms), A005101 (abundant numbers), A091192.
Cf. A027751, A071395 (subsequence), supersequence of A275082.
Cf. A294930 (characteristic function), A294890.

a091191 n = a091191_list !! (n-1)
a091191_list = filter f [1..] where
   f x = sum pdivs > x && all (<= 0) (map (\d -> a000203 d - 2 * d) pdivs)
         where pdivs = a027751_row x
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 31 2014

isA005101 := proc(n) is(numtheory[sigma](n) > 2*n ); end proc:
isA091191 := proc(n) local d; if isA005101(n) then for d in numtheory[divisors](n) minus {1,n} do if isA005101(d) then return false; end if; end do: return true; else false; end if; end proc:
for n from 1 to 200 do if isA091191(n) then printf("%d\n",n) ; end if;end do: # R. J. Mathar, Mar 28 2011

t = {}; n = 1; While[Length[t] < 100, n++; If[DivisorSigma[1, n] > 2*n && Intersection[t, Divisors[n]] == {}, AppendTo[t, n]]]; t (* T. D. Noe, Mar 28 2011 *)
Select[Range@ 840, DivisorSigma[1, #] > 2 # && Times @@ Boole@ Map[DivisorSigma[1, #] <= 2 # &, Most@ Divisors@ #] == 1 &] (* Michael De Vlieger, Jul 16 2016 *)

is(n)=sumdiv(n,d,sigma(d,-1)>2)==1 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Dec 05 2012

Erdős shows that a(n) >> n log^2 n. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Dec 05 2012

A004490 Colossally abundant numbers: m for which there is a positive exponent epsilon such that sigma(m)/m^{1 + epsilon} >= sigma(k)/k^{1 + epsilon} for all k > 1, so that m attains the maximum value of sigma(m)/m^{1 + epsilon}.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 6, 12, 60, 120, 360, 2520, 5040, 55440, 720720, 1441440, 4324320, 21621600, 367567200, 6983776800, 160626866400, 321253732800, 9316358251200, 288807105787200, 2021649740510400, 6064949221531200, 224403121196654400

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 22 2001

nonn

S. Ramanujan, Highly composite numbers, Proc. London Math. Soc., 14 (1915), 347-407. Reprinted in Collected Papers, Ed. G. H. Hardy et al., Cambridge 1927; Chelsea, NY, 1962, pp. 78-129. See esp. pp. 87, 115.

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..382 (terms 1..150 from T. D. Noe)
Hirotaka Akatsuka, Maximal order for divisor functions and zeros of the Riemann zeta-function, arXiv:2411.19259 [math.NT], 2024. See p. 4.
L. Alaoglu and P. Erdős, On highly composite and similar numbers, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 56 (1944), 448-469. Errata
Keith Briggs, Abundant numbers and the Riemann Hypothesis, Experimental Math., Vol. 16 (2006), p. 251-256.
Kevin Broughan, A Variety of Abundant Numbers, in Equivalents of the Riemann Hypothesis. Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 144-164.
Geoffrey Caveney, J.-L. Nicolas and J. Sondow, On SA, CA, and GA numbers, arXiv:1112.6010 [math.NT], 2011-2012; Ramanujan J., 29 (2012), 359-384.
Geoffrey Caveney, J.-L. Nicolas and J. Sondow, On SA, CA, and GA numbers, arXiv preprint arXiv:1112.6010 [math.NT], 2011. - From _N. J. A. Sloane_, Apr 14 2012
J. C. Lagarias, An elementary problem equivalent to the Riemann hypothesis, arXiv:math/0008177 [math.NT], 2000-2001; Am. Math. Monthly 109 (#6, 2002), 534-543.
S. Nazardonyavi and S. Yakubovich, Extremely Abundant Numbers and the Riemann Hypothesis, Journal of Integer Sequences, 17 (2014), Article 14.2.8.
S. Ramanujan, Highly composite numbers, Annotated and with a foreword by J.-L. Nicolas and G. Robin, Ramanujan J., 1 (1997), 119-153.
T. Schwabhäuser, Preventing Exceptions to Robin's Inequality, arXiv preprint arXiv:1308.3678 [math.NT], 2013.
M. Waldschmidt, From highly composite numbers to transcendental number theory, 2013.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Colossally Abundant Number.

A subsequence of A004394 (superabundant numbers).
Cf. A000203, A002201, A073751.
Cf. A002093 (highly abundant numbers), A002182, A005101 (abundant numbers), A006038, A189228 (superabundant numbers that are not colossally abundant).

a(n) = Product_{k=1..n} A073751(k). - Jeppe Stig Nielsen, Nov 28 2021

A071395 Primitive abundant numbers (abundant numbers all of whose proper divisors are deficient numbers).

Original entry on oeis.org

20, 70, 88, 104, 272, 304, 368, 464, 550, 572, 650, 748, 836, 945, 1184, 1312, 1376, 1430, 1504, 1575, 1696, 1870, 1888, 1952, 2002, 2090, 2205, 2210, 2470, 2530, 2584, 2990, 3128, 3190, 3230, 3410, 3465, 3496, 3770, 3944, 4030, 4070, 4095, 4216, 4288

Offset: 1

Joe McCauley (mccauley(AT)davesworld.net), Jun 12 2002

nonn

This is a subsequence of the primitive abundant number sequence A091191, since none of these numbers are a positive integer multiple of a perfect number (A000396). - Timothy L. Tiffin, Jul 15 2016
If the terms of this sequence are removed from A091191, then the resulting sequence will be A275082. - Timothy L. Tiffin, Jul 16 2016
Numbers n such that A294927(n) = 0 and A294937(n) = 1. - Antti Karttunen, Nov 14 2017

			20 is a term since 1, 2, 4, 5, and 10 (the proper divisors of 20) are all deficient numbers. - _Timothy L. Tiffin_, Jul 15 2016

Guy, R. K. Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, p. 46, also section B2, 1994.

Donovan Johnson, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Primitive Abundant Number

Cf. A006038, A000396, A005100, A005101, subsequence of A091191, A275082.

Cf. A294927, A294937.

abundance:= proc(n) option remember;  numtheory:-sigma(n)-2*n end proc:
select(n -> abundance(n) > 0 and andmap(t -> abundance(t) < 0, numtheory:-divisors(n) minus {n}), [$1..10000]); # Robert Israel, Nov 15 2017

Select[Range@ 5000, DivisorSigma[1, #] > 2 # && Times @@ Boole@ Map[DivisorSigma[1, #] < 2 # &, Most@ Divisors@ #] == 1 &] (* Michael De Vlieger, Jul 16 2016 *)

isA071395(v) = {if (sigma(v) <= 2*v, return (0)); fordiv (v, d, if ((d != v) && (sigma(d) >= 2*d), return (0));); return (1);} \\ Michel Marcus, Mar 10 2013

Offset corrected by Donovan Johnson, Aug 28 2011

A006039 Primitive nondeficient numbers.

Original entry on oeis.org

6, 20, 28, 70, 88, 104, 272, 304, 368, 464, 496, 550, 572, 650, 748, 836, 945, 1184, 1312, 1376, 1430, 1504, 1575, 1696, 1870, 1888, 1952, 2002, 2090, 2205, 2210, 2470, 2530, 2584, 2990, 3128, 3190, 3230, 3410, 3465, 3496, 3770, 3944, 4030

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, R. K. Guy

nonn

A number n is nondeficient (A023196) iff it is abundant or perfect, that is iff A001065(n) is >= n. Since any multiple of a nondeficient number is itself nondeficient, we call a nondeficient number primitive iff all its proper divisors are deficient. - Jeppe Stig Nielsen, Nov 23 2003
Numbers whose proper multiples are all abundant, and whose proper divisors are all deficient. - Peter Munn, Sep 08 2020
As a set, shares with the sets of k-almost primes this property: no member divides another member and each positive integer not in the set is either a divisor of 1 or more members of the set or a multiple of 1 or more members of the set, but not both. See A337814 for proof etc. - Peter Munn, Apr 13 2022

N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..8671
L. E. Dickson, Finiteness of the Odd Perfect and Primitive Abundant Numbers with n Distinct Prime Factors, Amer. J. Math., 35 (1913), 413-426.
R. K. Guy, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane with attachment, Jun. 1991
Jared Duker Lichtman, The reciprocal sum of primitive nondeficient numbers, Journal of Number Theory, Vol. 191 (2018), pp. 104-118.
Joshua Zelinsky, The Sum of the Reciprocals of the Prime Divisors of an Odd Perfect or Odd Primitive Non-deficient Number, Integers (2025) Vol. 25, Art. No. A59. See p. 2.
Index entries for sequences where any odd perfect numbers must occur

Cf. A001065 (aliquot function), A023196 (nondeficient), A005101 (abundant), A091191.
Subsequences: A000396 (perfect), A071395 (primitive abundant), A006038 (odd primitive abundant), A333967, A352739.
Positions of 1's in A341620 and in A337690.
Cf. A180332, A337479, A337688, A337689, A337691, A337814, A338133 (sorted by largest prime factor), A338427 (largest prime(n)-smooth), A341619 (characteristic function), A342669.

k = 1; lst = {}; While[k < 4050, If[DivisorSigma[1, k] >= 2 k && Min@Mod[k, lst] > 0, AppendTo[lst, k]]; k++]; lst (* Robert G. Wilson v, Mar 09 2017 *)

Union of A000396 (perfect numbers) and A071395 (primitive abundant numbers). - M. F. Hasler, Jul 30 2016

Sum_{n>=1} 1/a(n) is in the interval (0.34842, 0.37937) (Lichtman, 2018). - Amiram Eldar, Jul 15 2020

cp's OEIS Frontend

A188342 Smallest odd primitive abundant number (A006038) having n distinct prime factors.

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A188439 Irregular triangle of odd primitive abundant numbers (A006038) in which row n has numbers with n distinct prime factors.

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A136476 Odd primitive abundant numbers n such that n = x^2 + x + y^2 with y^2 < 2*x; a subsequence of A006038.

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A379950 Numbers k such that k^2 is an odd primitive abundant number (A006038).

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A005101 Abundant numbers (sum of divisors of m exceeds 2m).

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A005231 Odd abundant numbers (odd numbers m whose sum of divisors exceeds 2m).

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A091191 Primitive abundant numbers: abundant numbers (A005101) having no abundant proper divisor.

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