cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

Showing 1-10 of 11 results. Next

A337791 6-Wall-Sun-Sun primes: primes p such that p^2 divides F_6(A175185(p)), where F_6(i) is the i-th 6-Fibonacci number.

Original entry on oeis.org

191, 643, 134339, 25233137
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Felix Fröhlich, Dec 23 2020

Keywords

Crossrefs

Cf. A175185, A238736 (2-Wall-Sun-Sun primes), A271782 (smallest n-Wall-Sun-Sun prime).

Programs

  • PARI
    my(b=6); forprime(p=2, , if( (([0, 1; 1, b]*Mod(1, p^2))^(p-kronecker(b^2+4, p)))[1, 2]==0, print1(p, ", "); ); );

A172236 Array A(n,k) = n*A(n,k-1) + A(n,k-2) read by upward antidiagonals, starting A(n,0) = 0, A(n,1) = 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 1, 3, 5, 3, 0, 1, 4, 10, 12, 5, 0, 1, 5, 17, 33, 29, 8, 0, 1, 6, 26, 72, 109, 70, 13, 0, 1, 7, 37, 135, 305, 360, 169, 21, 0, 1, 8, 50, 228, 701, 1292, 1189, 408, 34, 0, 1, 9, 65, 357, 1405, 3640, 5473, 3927, 985, 55, 0, 1, 10, 82, 528, 2549, 8658, 18901, 23184, 12970, 2378, 89, 0, 1, 11, 101, 747, 4289, 18200, 53353, 98145, 98209, 42837, 5741, 144
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Roger L. Bagula, Jan 29 2010

Keywords

Comments

Equals A073133 with an additional column A(.,0).
If the first column and top row are deleted, antidiagonal reading yields A118243.
Adding a top row of 1's and antidiagonal reading downwards yields A157103.
Antidiagonal sums are 0, 1, 2, 5, 12, 32, 93, 297, 1035, 3911, 15917, 69350, ....
From Jianing Song, Jul 14 2018: (Start)
All rows have strong divisibility, that is, gcd(A(n,k_1), A(n,k_2)) = A(n,gcd(k_1,k_2)) holds for all k_1, k_2 >= 0.
Let E(n,m) be the smallest number l such that m divides A(n,l), we have: for odd primes p that are not divisible by n^2 + 4, E(n,p) divides p - ((n^2+4)/p) if p == 3 (mod 4) and (p - ((n^2+4)/p))/2 if p == 1 (mod 4). E(n,p) = p for odd primes p that are divisible by n^2 + 4. E(n,2) = 2 for even n and 3 for odd n. Here ((n^2+4)/p) is the Legendre symbol. A prime p such that p^2 divides T(n,E(n,p)) is called an n-Wall-Sun-Sun prime.
E(n,p^e) <= p^(e-1)*E(n,p) for all primes p. If p^2 does not divide A(n, E(n,p)), then E(n,p^e) = p^(e-1)*E(n,p) for all exponent e. Specially, for primes p >= 5 that are divisible by n^2 + 4, p^2 is never divisible by A(n,p), so E(n,p^e) = p^e as described above. E(n,m_1*m_2) = lcm(E(n,m_1),E(n,m_2)) if gcd(m_1,m_2) = 1.
Let pi(n,m) be the Pisano period of A(n, k) modulo m, i.e, the smallest number l such that A(n, k+1) == T(n,k) (mod m) holds for all k >= 0, we have: for odd primes p that are not divisible by n^2 - 4, pi(n,p) divides p - 1 if ((n^2+4)/p) = 1 and 2(p+1) if ((n^2+4)/p) = -1. pi(n,p) = 4p for odd primes p that are divisible by n^2 + 4. pi(n,2) = 2 even n and 3 for odd n.
pi(n,p^e) <= p^(e-1)*pi(n,p) for all primes p. If p^2 does not divide A(n, E(n,p)), then pi(n,p^e) = p^(e-1)*pi(n,p) for all exponent e. Specially, for primes p >= 5 that are divisible by n^2 + 4, p^2 is never divisible by A(n, p), so pi(n,p^e) = 4p^e as described above. pi(n,m_1*m_2) = lcm(pi(n,m_1), pi(n,m_2)) if gcd(m_1,m_2) = 1.
If n != 2, the largest possible value of pi(n,m)/m is 4 for even n and 6 for odd n. For even n, pi(n,p^e) = 4p^e; for odd n, pi(n,2p^e) = 12p^e, where p is any odd prime factor of n^2 + 4. For n = 2 it is 8/3, obtained by m = 3^e.
Let z(n,m) be the number of zeros in a period of A(n, k) modulo m, i.e., z(n,m) = pi(n,m)/E(n,m), then we have: z(n,p) = 4 for odd primes p that are divisible by n^2 + 4. For other odd primes p, z(n,p) = 4 if E(n,p) is odd; 1 if E(n,p) is even but not divisible by 4; 2 if E(n,p) is divisible by 4; see the table below. z(n,2) = z(n,4) = 1.
Among all values of z(n,p) when p runs through all odd primes that are not divisible by n^2 + 4, we have:
((n^2+4)/p)...p mod 8....proportion of 1.....proportion of 2.....proportion of 4
......1..........1......1/6 (conjectured)...2/3 (conjectured)...1/6 (conjectured)*
......1..........5......1/2 (conjectured)...........0...........1/2 (conjectured)*
......1.........3,7.............1...................0...................0
.....-1.........1,5.............0...................0...................1
.....-1.........3,7.............0...................1...................0
* The result is that among all odd primes that are not divisible by n^2 + 4, 7/24 of them are with z(n,p) = 1, 5/12 are with z(n,p) = 2 and 7/24 are with z(n,p) = 4 if n^2 + 4 is a twice a square; 1/3 of them are with z(n,p) = 1, 1/3 are with z(n,p) = 2 and 1/3 are with z(n,p) = 4 otherwise. [Corrected by Jianing Song, Jul 06 2019]
z(n,p^e) = z(n,p) for all odd primes p; z(n,2^e) = 1 for even n and 2 for odd n, e >= 3.
(End)
From Michael A. Allen, Mar 06 2023: (Start)
Removing the first (n=0) row of A352361 gives this sequence.
Row n is the n-metallonacci sequence.
A(n,k) is (for k>0) the number of tilings of a (k-1)-board (a board with dimensions (k-1) X 1) using unit squares and dominoes (with dimensions 2 X 1) if there are n kinds of squares available. (End)

Examples

			The array, A(n, k), starts in row n = 1 with columns k >= 0 as
  0      1      1      2      3      5      8
  0      1      2      5     12     29     70
  0      1      3     10     33    109    360
  0      1      4     17     72    305   1292
  0      1      5     26    135    701   3640
  0      1      6     37    228   1405   8658
  0      1      7     50    357   2549  18200
  0      1      8     65    528   4289  34840
  0      1      9     82    747   6805  61992
  0      1     10    101   1020  10301 104030
  0      1     11    122   1353  15005 166408
Antidiagonal triangle, T(n, k), begins as:
  0;
  0, 1;
  0, 1, 1;
  0, 1, 2,  2;
  0, 1, 3,  5,   3;
  0, 1, 4, 10,  12,   5;
  0, 1, 5, 17,  33,  29,    8;
  0, 1, 6, 26,  72, 109,   70,   13;
  0, 1, 7, 37, 135, 305,  360,  169,  21;
  0, 1, 8, 50, 228, 701, 1292, 1189, 408, 34;
		

Crossrefs

Rows n include: A000045 (n=1), A000129 (n=2), A006190 (n=3), A001076 (n=4), A052918 (n=5), A005668 (n=6), A054413 (n=7), A041025 (n=8), A099371 (n=9), A041041 (n=10), A049666 (n=11), A041061 (n=12), A140455 (n=13), A041085 (n=14), A154597 (n=15), A041113 (n=16), A178765 (n=17), A041145 (n=18), A243399 (n=19), A041181 (n=20). (Note that there are offset shifts for rows n = 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16..20.)
Columns k include: A000004 (k=0), A000012 (k=1), A000027 (k=2), A002522 (k=3), A054602 (k=4), A057721 (k=5), A124152 (k=6).
Entry points for A(n,k) modulo m: A001177 (n=1), A214028 (n=2), A322907 (n=3).
Pisano period for A(n,k) modulo m: A001175 (n=1), A175181 (n=2), A175182 (n=3), A175183 (n=4), A175184 (n=5), A175185 (n=6).
Number of zeros in a period for A(n,k) modulo m: A001176 (n=1), A214027 (n=2), A322906 (n=3).
Sums include: A304357, A304359.
Similar to: A073133.

Programs

  • Magma
    A172236:= func< n,k | k le 1 select k else Evaluate(DicksonSecond(k-1,-1), n-k) >;
    [A172236(n,k): k in [0..n-1], n in [1..13]]; // G. C. Greubel, Sep 29 2024
    
  • Mathematica
    A172236[n_,k_]:=Fibonacci[k, n-k];
    Table[A172236[n, k], {n,15}, {k,0,n-1}]//Flatten
  • PARI
    A(n, k) = if (k==0, 0, if (k==1, 1, n*A(n, k-1) + A(n, k-2)));
    tabl(nn) = for(n=1, nn, for (k=0, nn, print1(A(n, k), ", ")); print); \\ Jianing Song, Jul 14 2018 (program from Michel Marcus; see also A316269)
    
  • PARI
    A(n, k) = ([n, 1; 1, 0]^k)[2, 1] \\ Jianing Song, Nov 10 2018
    
  • SageMath
    def A172236(n,k): return sum(binomial(k-j-1,j)*(n-k)^(k-2*j-1) for j in range(1+(k-1)//2))
    flatten([[A172236(n,k) for k in range(n)] for n in range(1,14)]) # G. C. Greubel, Sep 29 2024

Formula

A(n,k) = (((n + sqrt(n^2 + 4))/2)^k - ((n-sqrt(n^2 + 4))/2)^k)/sqrt(n^2 + 4), n >= 1, k >= 0. - Jianing Song, Jun 27 2018
For n >= 1, Sum_{i=1..k} 1/A(n,2^i) = ((u^(2^k-1) + v^(2^k-1))/(u + v)) * (1/A(n,2^k)), where u = (n + sqrt(n^2 + 4))/2, v = (n - sqrt(n^2 + 4))/2 are the two roots of the polynomial x^2 - n*x - 1. As a result, Sum_{i>=1} 1/A(n,2^i) = (n^2 + 4 - n*sqrt(n^2 + 4))/(2*n). - Jianing Song, Apr 21 2019
From G. C. Greubel, Sep 29 2024: (Start)
A(n, k) = F_{k}(n) (Fibonacci polynomials F_{n}(x)) (array).
T(n, k) = F_{k}(n-k) (antidiagonal triangle).
Sum_{k=0..n-1} T(n, k) = A304357(n) - (1-(-1)^n)/2.
Sum_{k=0..n-1} (-1)^k*T(n, k) = (-1)*A304359(n) + (1-(-1)^n)/2.
T(2*n, n) = A084844(n).
T(2*n+1, n+1) = A084845(n). (End)

Extensions

More terms from Jianing Song, Jul 14 2018

A005668 Denominators of continued fraction convergents to sqrt(10).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 6, 37, 228, 1405, 8658, 53353, 328776, 2026009, 12484830, 76934989, 474094764, 2921503573, 18003116202, 110940200785, 683644320912, 4212806126257, 25960481078454, 159975692596981, 985814636660340, 6074863512559021, 37434995712014466, 230684837784645817
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

a(2*n+1) with b(2*n+1) := A005667(2*n+1), n >= 0, give all (positive integer) solutions to Pell equation b^2 - 10*a^2 = -1, a(2*n) with b(2*n) := A005667(2*n), n>=1, give all (positive integer) solutions to Pell equation b^2 - 10*a^2 = +1 (cf. Emerson reference).
Bisection: a(2*n)= 6*S(n-1,2*19) = 6*A078987(n-1), n >= 0 and a(2*n+1) = A097315(n), n >= 0, with S(n,x) Chebyshev's polynomials of the second kind. S(-1,x)=0. See A049310.
Sqrt(10) = 6/2 + 6/37 + 6/(37*1405) + 6/(1405*53353) + ... - Gary W. Adamson, Dec 21 2007
a(p) == 40^((p-1)/2) mod p, for odd primes p. - Gary W. Adamson, Feb 22 2009
For n>=2, a(n) equals the permanent of the (n-1)X(n-1) tridiagonal matrix with 6's along the main diagonal and 1's along the superdiagonal and the subdiagonal. - John M. Campbell, Jul 08 2011
For n>=1, a(n) equals the number of words of length n-1 on alphabet {0,1,...,6} avoiding runs of zeros of odd lengths. - Milan Janjic, Jan 28 2015
From Michael A. Allen, Feb 15 2023: (Start)
Also called the 6-metallonacci sequence; the g.f. 1/(1-k*x-x^2) gives the k-metallonacci sequence.
a(n+1) is the number of tilings of an n-board (a board with dimensions n X 1) using unit squares and dominoes (with dimensions 2 X 1) if there are 6 kinds of squares available. (End)

Examples

			G.f. = x + 6*x^2 + 37*x^3 + 228*x^4 + 1405*x^5 + 8658*x^6 + 53353*x^7 + ...
		

References

  • N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Crossrefs

Row n=6 of A073133, A172236, A352361.

Programs

  • Magma
    [n le 2 select n-1 else 6*Self(n-1)+Self(n-2): n in [1..25]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Feb 23 2013
    
  • Maple
    evalf(sqrt(10),200); convert(%,confrac,fractionlist); fractionlist;
    A005668:=-z/(-1+6*z+z**2); - Simon Plouffe in his 1992 dissertation.
    a := n -> `if`(n<2,n,6^(n-1)*hypergeom([1-n/2,(1-n)/2], [1-n], -1/9)):
    seq(simplify(a(n)), n=0..23); # Peter Luschny, Jun 28 2017
  • Mathematica
    LinearRecurrence[{6,1}, {0,1}, 30] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Feb 23 2013 *)
    a[ n_] := (-I)^(n - 1) ChebyshevU[ n - 1, 3 I]; (* Michael Somos, May 28 2014 *)
    a[ n_] := MatrixPower[ {{0, 1}, {1, 6}}, n + 1][[1, 1]]; (* Michael Somos, May 28 2014 *)
    Fibonacci[Range[0,30],6] (* G. C. Greubel, Jun 06 2019 *)
    Join[{0},Convergents[Sqrt[10],30]//Denominator] (* Harvey P. Dale, Dec 28 2022 *)
  • PARI
    {a(n) = ([0, 1; 1, 6]^(n+1)) [1, 1]}; /* Michael Somos, May 28 2014 */
    
  • PARI
    {a(n) = (-I)^(n-1) * polchebyshev( n-1, 2, 3*I)}; /* Michael Somos, May 28 2014 */
  • Sage
    from sage.combinat.sloane_functions import recur_gen3; it = recur_gen3(0,1,6,6,1,0); [next(it) for i in range(1,22)] # Zerinvary Lajos, Jul 09 2008
    
  • Sage
    [lucas_number1(n,6,-1) for n in range(0, 21)]# Zerinvary Lajos, Apr 24 2009
    

Formula

G.f.: x / (1 - 6*x - x^2).
a(n) = 6*a(n-1) + a(n-2).
a(n) = ((-i)^(n-1))*S(n-1, 3*i) with S(n, x) Chebyshev's polynomials of the second kind (see A049310) and i^2=-1.
a(n) = F(n, 6), the n-th Fibonacci polynomial evaluated at x=6. - T. D. Noe, Jan 19 2006
From Sergio Falcon, Sep 24 2007: (Start)
a(n) = ((3+sqrt(10))^n - (3-sqrt(10))^n)/(2*sqrt(10)).
a(n) = Sum_{i=0..floor((n-1)/2)} binomial(n-1-i,i)*6^(n-1-2*i). (End)
Sum_{n>=1}(-1)^(n-1)/(a(n)*a(n+1)) = sqrt(10) - 3. - Vladimir Shevelev, Feb 23 2013
a(-n) = -(-1)^n * a(n). - Michael Somos, May 28 2014
a(n) = 6^(n-1)*hypergeom([1-n/2, (1-n)/2], [1-n], -1/9) for n >= 2. - Peter Luschny, Jun 28 2017
G.f.: x/(1 - 6*x - x^2) = Sum_{n >= 0} x^(n+1) *( Product_{k = 1..n} (m*k + 6 - m + x)/(1 + m*k*x) ) for arbitrary m (a telescoping series). - Peter Bala, May 08 2024

Extensions

Chebyshev comments from Wolfdieter Lang, Jan 21 2003

A175181 Pisano period of the 2-Fibonacci numbers A000129.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 8, 4, 12, 8, 6, 8, 24, 12, 24, 8, 28, 6, 24, 16, 16, 24, 40, 12, 24, 24, 22, 8, 60, 28, 72, 12, 20, 24, 30, 32, 24, 16, 12, 24, 76, 40, 56, 24, 10, 24, 88, 24, 24, 22, 46, 16, 42, 60, 16, 28, 108, 72, 24, 24, 40, 20, 40, 24, 124, 30, 24, 64, 84, 24, 136
Offset: 1

Views

Author

R. J. Mathar, Mar 01 2010

Keywords

Comments

Period of the sequence defined by reading A000129 modulo n.

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Maple
    F := proc(k,n) option remember; if n <= 1 then n; else k*procname(k,n-1)+procname(k,n-2) ; end if; end proc:
    Pper := proc(k,m) local cha, zer,n,fmodm ; cha := [] ; zer := [] ; for n from 0 do fmodm := F(k,n) mod m ; cha := [op(cha),fmodm] ; if fmodm = 0 then zer := [op(zer),n] ; end if; if nops(zer) = 5 then break; end if; end do ; if [op(1..zer[2],cha) ] = [ op(zer[2]+1..zer[3],cha) ] and [op(1..zer[2],cha)] = [ op(zer[3]+1..zer[4],cha) ] and [op(1..zer[2],cha)] = [ op(zer[4]+1..zer[5],cha) ] then return zer[2] ; elif [op(1..zer[3],cha) ] = [ op(zer[3]+1..zer[5],cha) ] then return zer[3] ; else return zer[5] ; end if; end proc:
    k := 2 ; seq( Pper(k,m),m=1..80) ;
  • Mathematica
    Table[s = t = Mod[{0, 1}, n]; cnt = 1; While[tmp = Mod[2*t[[2]] + t[[1]], n]; t[[1]] = t[[2]]; t[[2]] = tmp; s != t, cnt++]; cnt, {n, 100}] (* T. D. Noe, Jul 09 2012 *)

A175182 Pisano period of the 3-Fibonacci numbers A006190.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 2, 6, 12, 6, 16, 12, 6, 12, 8, 6, 52, 48, 12, 24, 16, 6, 40, 12, 16, 24, 22, 12, 60, 156, 18, 48, 28, 12, 64, 48, 8, 48, 48, 6, 76, 120, 52, 12, 28, 48, 42, 24, 12, 66, 96, 24, 112, 60, 16, 156, 26, 18, 24, 48, 40, 84, 24, 12, 30, 192, 48, 96, 156, 24, 136, 48, 22, 48, 144
Offset: 1

Views

Author

R. J. Mathar, Mar 01 2010

Keywords

Comments

Period of the sequence defined by reading A006190 modulo n.

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Maple
    F := proc(k,n) option remember; if n <= 1 then n; else k*procname(k,n-1)+procname(k,n-2) ; end if; end proc:
    Pper := proc(k,m) local cha, zer,n,fmodm ; cha := [] ; zer := [] ; for n from 0 do fmodm := F(k,n) mod m ; cha := [op(cha),fmodm] ; if fmodm = 0 then zer := [op(zer),n] ; end if; if nops(zer) = 5 then break; end if; end do ; if [op(1..zer[2],cha) ] = [ op(zer[2]+1..zer[3],cha) ] and [op(1..zer[2],cha)] = [ op(zer[3]+1..zer[4],cha) ] and [op(1..zer[2],cha)] = [ op(zer[4]+1..zer[5],cha) ] then return zer[2] ; elif [op(1..zer[3],cha) ] = [ op(zer[3]+1..zer[5],cha) ] then return zer[3] ; else return zer[5] ; end if; end proc:
    k := 3 ; seq( Pper(k,m),m=1..80) ;
  • Mathematica
    Table[s = t = Mod[{0, 1}, n]; cnt = 1; While[tmp = Mod[3*t[[2]] + t[[1]], n]; t[[1]] = t[[2]]; t[[2]] = tmp; s!= t, cnt++]; cnt, {n, 100}] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Dec 20 2012, T. D. Noe *)

A175183 Pisano period of the 4-Fibonacci numbers A001076.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 8, 2, 20, 8, 16, 4, 8, 20, 10, 8, 28, 16, 40, 8, 12, 8, 6, 20, 16, 10, 16, 8, 100, 28, 24, 16, 14, 40, 10, 16, 40, 12, 80, 8, 76, 6, 56, 20, 40, 16, 88, 10, 40, 16, 32, 8, 112, 100, 24, 28, 36, 24, 20, 16, 24, 14, 58, 40, 20, 10, 16, 32, 140, 40, 136, 12, 16, 80, 70, 8, 148, 76
Offset: 1

Views

Author

R. J. Mathar, Mar 01 2010

Keywords

Comments

Period of the sequence defined by reading A001076 modulo n.

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Maple
    F := proc(k,n) option remember; if n <= 1 then n; else k*procname(k,n-1)+procname(k,n-2) ; end if; end proc:
    Pper := proc(k,m) local cha, zer,n,fmodm ; cha := [] ; zer := [] ; for n from 0 do fmodm := F(k,n) mod m ; cha := [op(cha),fmodm] ; if fmodm = 0 then zer := [op(zer),n] ; end if; if nops(zer) = 5 then break; end if; end do ; if [op(1..zer[2],cha) ] = [ op(zer[2]+1..zer[3],cha) ] and [op(1..zer[2],cha)] = [ op(zer[3]+1..zer[4],cha) ] and [op(1..zer[2],cha)] = [ op(zer[4]+1..zer[5],cha) ] then return zer[2] ; elif [op(1..zer[3],cha) ] = [ op(zer[3]+1..zer[5],cha) ] then return zer[3] ; else return zer[5] ; end if; end proc:
    k := 4 ; seq( Pper(k,m),m=1..80) ;
  • Mathematica
    Table[s = t = Mod[{0, 1}, n]; cnt=1; While[tmp = Mod[4*t[[2]] + t[[1]], n]; t[[1]] = t[[2]]; t[[2]] = tmp; s!= t, cnt++]; cnt, {n, 100}] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Dec 20 2012, after T. D. Noe *)

A175184 Pisano period of the 5-Fibonacci numbers, A052918 preceded by 0.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 8, 6, 2, 24, 6, 12, 8, 6, 24, 24, 12, 6, 8, 24, 36, 24, 40, 6, 24, 24, 22, 24, 10, 12, 8, 6, 116, 24, 64, 48, 24, 36, 6, 24, 76, 120, 24, 12, 28, 24, 88, 24, 8, 66, 96, 24, 42, 30, 72, 12, 52, 24, 24, 12, 40, 348, 58, 24, 124, 192, 24, 96, 12, 24, 66, 36, 88, 6, 70, 24, 148
Offset: 1

Views

Author

R. J. Mathar, Mar 01 2010

Keywords

Comments

Period of the sequence defined by reading A052918 modulo n.

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Maple
    F := proc(k,n) option remember; if n <= 1 then n; else k*procname(k,n-1)+procname(k,n-2) ; end if; end proc:
    Pper := proc(k,m) local cha, zer,n,fmodm ; cha := [] ; zer := [] ; for n from 0 do fmodm := F(k,n) mod m ; cha := [op(cha),fmodm] ; if fmodm = 0 then zer := [op(zer),n] ; end if; if nops(zer) = 5 then break; end if; end do ; if [op(1..zer[2],cha) ] = [ op(zer[2]+1..zer[3],cha) ] and [op(1..zer[2],cha)] = [ op(zer[3]+1..zer[4],cha) ] and [op(1..zer[2],cha)] = [ op(zer[4]+1..zer[5],cha) ] then return zer[2] ; elif [op(1..zer[3],cha) ] = [ op(zer[3]+1..zer[5],cha) ] then return zer[3] ; else return zer[5] ; end if; end proc:
    k := 5 ; seq( Pper(k,m),m=1..80) ;
  • Mathematica
    Table[s = t = Mod[{0, 1}, n]; cnt = 1; While[tmp = Mod[5*t[[2]] + t[[1]], n]; t[[1]] = t[[2]]; t[[2]] = tmp; s!= t, cnt++]; cnt, {n, 100}] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Dec 20 2012, after T. D. Noe *)

A271782 Smallest n-Wall-Sun-Sun prime.

Original entry on oeis.org

13, 241, 2, 3, 191, 5, 2, 3, 2683
Offset: 2

Views

Author

Felix Fröhlich, Apr 18 2016

Keywords

Comments

A prime p is a k-Wall-Sun-Sun prime iff p^2 divides F_k(pi_k(p)), where F_k(n) is the k-Fibonacci numbers, i.e., a Lucas sequence of first kind with (P,Q) = (k,-1), and pi_k(p) is the Pisano period of k-Fibonacci numbers modulo p (cf. A001175, A175181-A175185).
For prime p > 2 not dividing k^2 + 4, it is a k-Wall-Sun-Sun prime iff p^2 | F_k(p-((k^2+4)/p)), where ((k^2+4)/p) is the Kronecker symbol.
a(1) would be the smallest Wall-Sun-Sun prime whose existence is an open question.
a(12)..a(16) = 2, 3, 3, 29, 2. a(18)..a(33) = 3, 11, 2, 23, 3, 3, 2, 5, 79, 3, 2, 7, 23, 3, 2, 239. a(36)..a(38) = 2, 7, 17. a(40), a(41) = 2, 3. a(43)..a(46) = 5, 2, 3, 41. - R. J. Mathar, Apr 22 2016
a(17) = 1192625911, a(35) = 153794959, a(39) = 30132289567, a(47)..a(50) = 139703, 2, 3, 3. If they exist, a(11), a(34), a(42) are greater than 10^12. - Max Alekseyev, Apr 26 2016
Column k = 1 of table T(n, k) of k-th n-Wall-Sun-Sun prime (that table is not yet in the OEIS as a sequence). - Felix Fröhlich, Apr 25 2016
From Richard N. Smith, Jul 16 2019: (Start)
a(n) = 2 if and only if n is divisible by 4.
a(n) = 3 if and only if n == 5, 9, 13, 14, 18, 22, 23, 27, 31 (mod 36). (End)

Crossrefs

Programs

  • PARI
    A271782(k) = forprime(p=2,10^8, if( (([0,1;1,k]*Mod(1,p^2))^(p-kronecker(k^2+4,p)))[1,2]==0, return(p);); ); \\ Max Alekseyev, Apr 22 2016, corrected by Richard N. Smith, Jul 16 2019 to include p=2 and p divides k^2+4

Formula

a(4n) = 2.

Extensions

Edited by Max Alekseyev, Apr 25 2016

A175289 Pisano period of A002605 modulo n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 3, 1, 24, 3, 48, 1, 9, 24, 10, 3, 12, 48, 24, 1, 144, 9, 180, 24, 48, 10, 22, 3, 120, 12, 27, 48, 840, 24, 320, 1, 30, 144, 48, 9, 36, 180, 12, 24, 280, 48, 308, 10, 72, 22, 46, 3, 336, 120, 144, 12, 936, 27, 120, 48, 180, 840, 29, 24, 60, 320, 144, 1, 24, 30, 1122, 144
Offset: 1

Views

Author

R. J. Mathar, Mar 24 2010

Keywords

Comments

a(79)=6240. [John W. Layman, Aug 10 2010]

Examples

			Reading 0, 1, 2, 6, 16, 44, 120, 328, 896, 2448,.. modulo 12 gives 0, 1, 2, 6, 4, 8, 0, 4, 8, 0, 4, 8 ,.. with period length a(n=12)= 3.
		

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Mathematica
    a={1};For[n=2,n<=80,n++,{x={{0,1}}; t={1,1}; While[ !MemberQ[x,t], {xl = x[[ -1]]; AppendTo[x,t]; t={Mod[2*(t[[1]]+xl[[1]]),n], Mod[2*(t[[2]] + xl[[2]]),n]};}]; p = Flatten[Position[x,t]][[1]]; AppendTo[a, Length[x] - p+1];}]; Print[a]; (* John W. Layman, Aug 10 2010 *)

Extensions

Terms beyond a(28)=48 from John W. Layman, Aug 10 2010

A175290 Pisano period of A030195 modulo n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 1, 3, 4, 3, 42, 6, 1, 12, 120, 3, 84, 42, 4, 12, 16, 3, 90, 12, 42, 120, 176, 6, 20, 84, 1, 42, 280, 12, 480, 24, 120, 48, 84, 3, 36, 90, 84, 12, 40, 42, 42, 120, 4, 528, 46, 12, 294, 60, 16, 84, 2808, 3, 120, 42, 90, 840, 58, 12, 310, 480, 42, 48, 84, 120, 33, 48, 176, 84, 5040, 6, 888, 36, 20, 90, 840, 84, 39, 12
Offset: 1

Views

Author

R. J. Mathar, Mar 24 2010

Keywords

Examples

			Reading 0, 1, 3, 12, 45, 171, 648, 2457, 9315, 35316, 133893 .. modulo n=3 gives 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, .. with period length a(n=3)= 1.
Reading modulo n=6 gives 0, 1, 3, 0, 3, 3, 0, 3, 3 with period length a(n=6)=3.
		

Crossrefs

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