A000088 -id:A000088 - cp's OEIS frontend

A367863 Number of n-vertex labeled simple graphs with n edges and no isolated vertices.

1, 0, 0, 1, 15, 222, 3760, 73755, 1657845, 42143500, 1197163134, 37613828070, 1295741321875, 48577055308320, 1969293264235635, 85852853154670693, 4005625283891276535, 199166987259400191480, 10513996906985414443720, 587316057411626070658200, 34612299496604684775762261

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Dec 07 2023

nonn

			Non-isomorphic representatives of the a(4) = 15 graphs:
  {{1,2},{1,3},{1,4},{2,3}}
  {{1,2},{1,3},{2,4},{3,4}}

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200

The connected case is A057500, unlabeled A001429.
The unlabeled version is A006649.
The non-covering version is A116508.
For set-systems we have A367916, ranks A367917.
A001187 counts connected graphs, A001349 unlabeled.
A006125 counts graphs, A000088 unlabeled.
A006129 counts covering graphs, A002494 unlabeled.
A058891 counts set-systems, unlabeled A000612, without singletons A016031.
A059201 counts covering T_0 set-systems, unlabeled A319637, ranks A326947.
A133686 = graphs satisfy strict AoC, connected A129271, covering A367869.
A143543 counts simple labeled graphs by number of connected components.
A323818 counts connected set-systems, unlabeled A323819, ranks A326749.
A367867 = graphs contradict strict AoC, connected A140638, covering A367868.
Cf. A003465, A006126, A305000, A316983, A319559, A323817, A326754, A367769, A367901, A367902, A367903.

Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{2}]], Union@@#==Range[n]&&Length[#]==n&]],{n,0,5}]

a(n) = sum(k=0, n, (-1)^(n-k) * binomial(n,k) * binomial(binomial(k,2), n)) \\ Andrew Howroyd, Dec 29 2023

Binomial transform is A367862.

a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^(n-k) * binomial(n,k) * binomial(binomial(k,2), n). - Andrew Howroyd, Dec 29 2023

Terms a(8) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Dec 29 2023

A000273 Number of unlabeled simple digraphs with n nodes.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 3, 16, 218, 9608, 1540944, 882033440, 1793359192848, 13027956824399552, 341260431952972580352, 32522909385055886111197440, 11366745430825400574433894004224, 14669085692712929869037096075316220928, 70315656615234999521385506555979904091217920

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

CRC Handbook of Combinatorial Designs, 1996, p. 651.
J. L. Gross and J. Yellen, eds., Handbook of Graph Theory, CRC Press, 2004; p. 522.
F. Harary, Graph Theory. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1969, p. 225.
F. Harary and E. M. Palmer, Graphical Enumeration, Academic Press, NY, 1973, p. 124, Table 5.1.2 and p. 241, Table A4.
M. D. McIlroy, Calculation of numbers of structures of relations on finite sets, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Quarterly Progress Reports, No. 17, Sept. 15, 1955, pp. 14-22.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Keith Briggs, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..64
R. Absil and H Mélot, Digenes: genetic algorithms to discover conjectures about directed and undirected graphs, arXiv preprint arXiv:1304.7993 [cs.DM], 2013.
Fatemeh Arbabjolfaei and Young-Han Kim, Fundamentals of Index Coding, Foundations and Trends in Communications and Information Theory (2018) Vol. 14, Issue 3-4.
P. J. Cameron, Sequences realized by oligomorphic permutation groups, J. Integ. Seqs. Vol. 3 (2000), #00.1.5.
R. L. Davis, The number of structures of finite relations, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 4 (1953), 486-495.
A. Iványi, Leader election in synchronous networks, Acta Univ. Sapientiae, Mathematica, 5, 2 (2013) 54-82.
Gábor Kusper, Zijian Győző Yang, and Benedek Nagy, Using extended resolution to represent strongly connected components of directed graphs, Ann. Math. Inf. (2023).
M. D. McIlroy, Calculation of numbers of structures of relations on finite sets, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Quarterly Progress Reports, No. 17, Sep. 15, 1955, pp. 14-22. [Annotated scanned copy]
W. Oberschelp, Kombinatorische Anzahlbestimmungen in Relationen, Math. Ann., 174 (1967), 53-78.
G. Pfeiffer, Counting Transitive Relations, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 7 (2004), Article 04.3.2.
J. Qian, Enumeration of unlabeled directed hypergraphs, Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 20(1) (2013), #P46. - From _N. J. A. Sloane_, Mar 01 2013
J. M. Tangen and N. J. A. Sloane, Correspondence, 1976-1976
L. Travis, Graphical Enumeration: A Species-Theoretic Approach, arXiv:math/9811127 [math.CO], 1998.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Simple Directed Graph
Index entries for "core" sequences

Row sums of A052283 and of A217654.

with(combinat):with(numtheory):
for n from 0 to 20 do p:=partition(n):
s:=0:for k from 1 to nops(p) do
q:=convert(p[k],multiset):
for i from 1 to n do a(i):=0:od:for i from 1 to nops(q) do a(q[i][1]):=q[i][2]:od:
c:=1:ord:=1:for i from 1 to n do c:=c*a(i)!*i^a(i): if a(i)<>0 then ord:=lcm(ord,i):fi:od:
g:=0:for d from 1 to ord do if ord mod d=0 then g1:=0:for del from 1 to d do if del<=n and d mod del=0 then g1:=g1+del*a(del):fi:od:g:=g+phi(ord/d)*g1*(g1-1):fi:od:
s:=s+2^(g/ord)/c:
od:
print(n,s):
od:
# Vladeta Jovovic, Jun 06 2006
# second Maple program:
b:= proc(n, i, l) `if`(n=0 or i=1, 1/n!*2^((p-> add(p[j]-1+add(
      igcd(p[k], p[j]), k=1..j-1)*2, j=1..nops(p)))([l[], 1$n])),
      add(b(n-i*j, i-1, [l[], i$j])/j!/i^j, j=0..n/i))
    end:
A000273 := n-> b(n$2, []):
seq(A000273(n), n=0..20);  # Alois P. Heinz, Sep 04 2019

Table[CycleIndex[PairGroup[SymmetricGroup[n],Ordered],t]/.Table[t[i]->1+x^i,{i,1,n^2}]/.{x->1},{n,1,7}] (* or *)
  Table[GraphPolynomial[n,t,Directed]/.{t->1},{n,1,20}]
(* Geoffrey Critzer, Mar 08 2011 *)
permcount[v_] := Module[{m=1, s=0, k=0, t}, For[i=1, i <= Length[v], i++, t = v[[i]]; k = If[i>1 && t == v[[i-1]], k+1, 1]; m *= t*k; s += t]; s!/m];
edges[v_] := Sum[2*GCD[v[[i]], v[[j]]], {i, 2, Length[v]}, {j, 1, i-1}] + Total[v-1];
a[n_] := (s = 0; Do[s += permcount[p]*2^edges[p], {p, IntegerPartitions[n]} ]; s/n!);
Table[a[n], {n, 0, 20}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 08 2018, after Andrew Howroyd *)

permcount(v) = {my(m=1,s=0,k=0,t); for(i=1,#v,t=v[i]; k=if(i>1&&t==v[i-1],k+1,1); m*=t*k;s+=t); s!/m}
edges(v) = {sum(i=2, #v, sum(j=1, i-1, 2*gcd(v[i],v[j]))) + sum(i=1, #v, v[i]-1)}
a(n) = {my(s=0); forpart(p=n, s+=permcount(p)*2^edges(p)); s/n!} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Oct 22 2017

from math import gcd, factorial
from sympy.utilities.iterables import partitions
def permcount(v):
    m, s, k = 1, 0, 0
    for i, t in enumerate(v):
        k = k+1 if i > 0 and t == v[i-1] else 1; m *= t*k; s += t
    return factorial(s)//m
def edges(v): return sum(sum(2*gcd(v[i], v[j]) for j in range(i)) for i in range(1, len(v))) + sum(vi-1 for vi in v)
def a(n):
    s = 0
    for p in partitions(n):
        pvec = []
        for i in sorted(p): pvec.extend([i]*p[i])
        s += permcount(pvec)*2**edges(pvec)
    return s//factorial(n)
print([a(n) for n in range(15)]) # Michael S. Branicky, Nov 14 2022 after Andrew Howroyd

from itertools import combinations
from math import prod, factorial, gcd
from fractions import Fraction
from sympy.utilities.iterables import partitions
def A000273(n): return int(sum(Fraction(1<Chai Wah Wu, Jul 05 2024

a(n) ~ 2^(n*(n-1))/n! [McIlroy, 1955]. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Dec 19 2016

More terms from Vladeta Jovovic, Dec 14 1999

A003216 Number of Hamiltonian graphs with n nodes.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 3, 8, 48, 383, 6196, 177083, 9305118, 883156024, 152522187830, 48322518340547

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

a(1) could also be taken to be 0, but I prefer a(1) = 1. - N. J. A. Sloane, Oct 15 2006

J. P. Dolch, Names of Hamiltonian graphs, Proc. 4th S-E Conf. Combin., Graph Theory, Computing, Congress. Numer. 8 (1973), 259-271.
F. Harary and E. M. Palmer, Graphical Enumeration, Academic Press, NY, 1973, p. 219.
R. C. Read and R. J. Wilson, An Atlas of Graphs, Oxford, 1998.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

John Asplund, N. Bradley Fox, and Arran Hamm, New Perspectives on Neighborhood-Prime Labelings of Graphs, arXiv:1804.02473 [math.CO], 2018.
J. P. Dolch, Names of Hamiltonian graphs, Proc. 4th S-E Conf. Combin., Graph Theory, Computing, Congress. Numer. 8 (1973), 259-271. (Annotated scanned copy of 3 pages)
Scott Garrabrant and Igor Pak, Pattern Avoidance is Not P-Recursive, preprint, 2015.
Scott Garrabrant and Igor Pak, Pattern Avoidance is Not P-Recursive, arXiv:1505.06508 [math.CO], 2015.
Jan Goedgebeur, Barbara Meersman, and Carol T. Zamfirescu, Graphs with few Hamiltonian Cycles, arXiv:1812.05650 [math.CO], 2018-2019.
Peter Steinbach, Field Guide to Simple Graphs, Volume 1, Part 17 (For Volumes 1, 2, 3, 4 of this book see A000088, A008406, A000055, A000664, respectively.)
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Hamiltonian Cycle
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Hamiltonian Graph
Wikipedia, Hamiltonian path
Gus Wiseman, Non-isomorphic representatives of the a(5) = 8 simple graphs containing a Hamiltonian cycle.

Main diagonal of A325455 and of A325447 (for n>=3).
The labeled case is A326208.
The directed case is A326226 (with loops) or A326225 (without loops).
The case without loops is A326215.
Unlabeled simple graphs not containing a Hamiltonian cycle are A246446.
Unlabeled simple graphs containing a Hamiltonian path are A057864.
Cf. A000088, A006125, A283420.

A000088(n) = a(n) + A246446(n). - Gus Wiseman, Jun 17 2019

Extended to n=11 by Brendan McKay, Jul 15 1996
a(12) from Sean A. Irvine, Mar 17 2015
a(13) from A246446 added by Jan Goedgebeur, Sep 07 2019

A000595 Number of binary relations on n unlabeled points.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 10, 104, 3044, 291968, 96928992, 112282908928, 458297100061728, 6666621572153927936, 349390545493499839161856, 66603421985078180758538636288, 46557456482586989066031126651104256, 120168591267113007604119117625289606148096, 1152050155760474157553893461743236772303142428672

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

Number of orbits under the action of permutation group S(n) on n X n {0,1} matrices. The action is defined by f.M(i,j)=M(f(i),f(j)).

Equivalently, the number of digraphs on n unlabeled nodes with loops allowed but no more than one arc with the same start and end node. - Andrew Howroyd, Oct 22 2017

			From _Gus Wiseman_, Jun 17 2019: (Start)
Non-isomorphic representatives of the a(2) = 10 relations:
  {}
  {1->1}
  {1->2}
  {1->1, 1->2}
  {1->1, 2->1}
  {1->1, 2->2}
  {1->2, 2->1}
  {1->1, 1->2, 2->1}
  {1->1, 1->2, 2->2}
  {1->1, 1->2, 2->1, 2->2}
(End)

F. Bergeron, G. Labelle and P. Leroux, Combinatorial Species and Tree-Like Structures, Cambridge, 1998, p. 76 (2.2.30)
M. D. McIlroy, Calculation of numbers of structures of relations on finite sets, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Quarterly Progress Reports, No. 17, Sept. 15, 1955, pp. 14-22.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Jean-François Alcover, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..50 (a(0)-a(37) from Charles R. Greathouse IV)
Edward A. Bender and E. Rodney Canfield, Enumeration of connected invariant graphs, Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series B 34.3 (1983): 268-278. See p. 274.
Peter J. Cameron, Sequences realized by oligomorphic permutation groups, J. Integ. Seqs. Vol. 3 (2000), #00.1.5.
Alberto Casagrande, Carla Piazza, and Alberto Policriti, Is hyper-extensionality preservable under deletions of graph elements?, Preprint 2015.
Alexander Clow, Alfie Davies, and Neil Anderson McKay, Constructing All Birthday 3 Games as Digraphs, arXiv:2505.06206 [math.CO], 2025. See p. 13.
Matthew Dabkowski, N. Fan, and R. Breiger, Exploratory blockmodeling for one-mode, unsigned, deterministic networks using integer programming and structural equivalence, Social Networks, Volume 47, October 2016, Pages 93-106.
Robert L. Davis, The number of structures of finite relations, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 4 (1953), 486-495.
Thomas M. A. Fink, Emmanuel Barillot, and Sebastian E. Ahnert, Dynamics of network motifs, 2006.
Frank Harary, Edgar M. Palmer, Robert W. Robinson, and Allen J. Schwenk, Enumeration of graphs with signed points and lines, J. Graph Theory 1 (1977), no. 4, 295-308.
Sergiy Kozerenko, On the abstract properties of Markov graphs for maps on trees, Mathematical Bilten 41:2 (2017), pp. 5-21.
M. D. McIlroy, Calculation of numbers of structures of relations on finite sets, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Quarterly Progress Reports, No. 17, Sep. 15, 1955, pp. 14-22. [Annotated scanned copy]
W. Oberschelp, Kombinatorische Anzahlbestimmungen in Relationen, Math. Ann., 174 (1967), 53-78.
Götz Pfeiffer, Counting Transitive Relations, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 7 (2004), Article 04.3.2.
Samuel Reid, On Generalizing a Temporal Formalism for Game Theory to the Asymptotic Combinatorics of S5 Modal Frames, arXiv preprint arXiv:1305.0064 [math.LO], 2013.
Marko Riedel, Counting nonisomorphic binary relations (includes Maple code).
R. W. Robinson, Notes - "A Present for Neil Sloane"
R. W. Robinson, Notes - computer printout
J. M. Tangen and N. J. A. Sloane, Correspondence, 1976-1976
Leopold Travis, Graphical Enumeration: A Species-Theoretic Approach, arXiv:math/9811127 [math.CO], 1998.
Gus Wiseman, Non-isomorphic representatives of the a(3) = 104 digraphs.
Index entries for sequences related to binary matrices

Cf. A000088, A000273, A001173, A001174, A002416, A003087, A003216, A002724.

NSeq := function ( n ) return Sum(List(ConjugacyClasses(SymmetricGroup(n)), c -> (2^Length(Orbits(Group(Representative(c)), CartesianProduct([1..n],[1..n]), OnTuples))) * Size(c)))/Factorial(n); end; # Dan Hoey, May 04 2001

Join[{1,2}, Table[CycleIndex[Join[PairGroup[SymmetricGroup[n],Ordered], Permutations[Range[n^2-n+1,n^2]],2],s] /. Table[s[i]->2, {i,1,n^2-n}], {n,2,7}]] (* Geoffrey Critzer, Nov 02 2011 *)
permcount[v_] := Module[{m=1, s=0, k=0, t}, For[i=1, i <= Length[v], i++, t = v[[i]]; k = If[i>1 && t == v[[i-1]], k+1, 1]; m *= t*k; s += t]; s!/m];
edges[v_] := Sum[2*GCD[v[[i]], v[[j]]], {i, 2, Length[v]}, {j, 1, i - 1}] + Total[v];
a[n_] := (s=0; Do[s += permcount[p]*2^edges[p], {p, IntegerPartitions[n]}]; s/n!);
Table[a[n], {n, 0, 15}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 08 2018, after Andrew Howroyd *)
dinorm[m_]:=If[m=={},{},If[Union@@m!=Range[Max@@Flatten[m]],dinorm[m/.Apply[Rule,Table[{(Union@@m)[[i]],i},{i,Length[Union@@m]}],{1}]],First[Sort[dinorm[m,1]]]]];
dinorm[m_,aft_]:=If[Length[Union@@m]<=aft,{m},With[{mx=Table[Count[m,i,{2}],{i,Select[Union@@m,#1>=aft&]}]},Union@@(dinorm[#1,aft+1]&)/@Union[Table[Map[Sort,m/.{par+aft-1->aft,aft->par+aft-1},{0}],{par,First/@Position[mx,Max[mx]]}]]]];
Table[Length[Union[dinorm/@Subsets[Tuples[Range[n],2]]]],{n,0,3}] (* Gus Wiseman, Jun 17 2019 *)

permcount(v) = {my(m=1,s=0,k=0,t); for(i=1,#v,t=v[i]; k=if(i>1&&t==v[i-1],k+1,1); m*=t*k;s+=t); s!/m}
edges(v) = {sum(i=2, #v, sum(j=1, i-1, 2*gcd(v[i],v[j]))) + sum(i=1, #v, v[i])}
a(n) = {my(s=0); forpart(p=n, s+=permcount(p)*2^edges(p)); s/n!} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Oct 22 2017

from itertools import product
from math import prod, factorial, gcd
from fractions import Fraction
from sympy.utilities.iterables import partitions
def A000595(n): return int(sum(Fraction(1<Chai Wah Wu, Jul 02 2024

a(n) = sum {1*s_1+2*s_2+...=n} (fixA[s_1, s_2, ...] / (1^s_1*s_1!*2^s_2*s_2!*...)) where fixA[s_1, s_2, ...] = 2^sum {i, j>=1} (gcd(i, j)*s_i*s_j). - Christian G. Bower, Jan 05 2004

a(n) ~ 2^(n^2)/n! [McIlroy, 1955]. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Dec 19 2016

More terms from Vladeta Jovovic, Feb 07 2000

Still more terms from Dan Hoey, May 04 2001

A034781 Triangle of number of rooted trees with n >= 2 nodes and height h >= 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 4, 3, 1, 1, 6, 8, 4, 1, 1, 10, 18, 13, 5, 1, 1, 14, 38, 36, 19, 6, 1, 1, 21, 76, 93, 61, 26, 7, 1, 1, 29, 147, 225, 180, 94, 34, 8, 1, 1, 41, 277, 528, 498, 308, 136, 43, 9, 1, 1, 55, 509, 1198, 1323, 941, 487, 188, 53, 10, 1

Offset: 2

N. J. A. Sloane

			Triangle begins:
  1;
  1  1;
  1  2  1;
  1  4  3  1;
  1  6  8  4  1;
  1 10 18 13  5  1;
  1 14 38 36 19  6 1;
thus there are 10 trees with 7 nodes and height 2.

Alois P. Heinz, Rows n = 2..142, flattened
Marko Riedel, Counting the number of rooted trees of a certain height
Marko Riedel, Maple code for sequence (OGF)
J. Riordan, Enumeration of trees by height and diameter, IBM J. Res. Dev. 4 (1960), 473-478.
J. Riordan, The enumeration of trees by height and diameter, IBM Journal 4 (1960), 473-478. (Annotated scanned copy)
Peter Steinbach, Field Guide to Simple Graphs, Volume 3, Part 10 (For Volumes 1, 2, 3, 4 of this book see A000088, A008406, A000055, A000664, respectively.)
Index entries for sequences related to rooted trees
Index entries for sequences related to trees

Columns h=2-10 give: A000065, A000235, A000299, A000342, A000393, A000418, A000429, A126085, A245068.
T(2n,n) = A245102(n), T(2n+1,n) = A245103(n).
Row sums give A000081.
Cf. A001853, A227819, A375467.

b:= proc(n, i, k) option remember; `if`(n=0, 1, `if`(i<1 or k<1, 0,
     add(binomial(b((i-1)$2, k-1)+j-1, j)*b(n-i*j, i-1, k), j=0..n/i)))
    end:
T:= (n, k)-> b((n-1)$2, k) -b((n-1)$2, k-1):
seq(seq(T(n, k), k=1..n-1), n=2..16);  # Alois P. Heinz, Jul 31 2013

Drop[Map[Select[#, # > 0 &] &,
   Transpose[
    Prepend[Table[
      f[n_] :=
       Nest[CoefficientList[
          Series[Product[1/(1 - x^i)^#[[i]], {i, 1, Length[#]}], {x,
            0, 10}], x] &, {1}, n]; f[m] - f[m - 1], {m, 2, 10}],
Prepend[Table[1, {10}], 0]]]], 1] // Grid (* Geoffrey Critzer, Aug 01 2013 *)
b[n_, i_, k_] := b[n, i, k] = If[n == 0, 1, If[i<1 || k<1, 0, Sum[Binomial[b[i-1, i-1, k-1]+j-1, j]*b[n-i*j, i-1, k], {j, 0, n/i}]]]; T[n_, k_] := b[n-1, n-1, k]-b[n-1, n-1, k-1]; Table[T[n, k], {n, 2, 16}, {k, 1, n-1}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Feb 11 2014, after Alois P. Heinz *)

def A034781(n, k): return A375467(n, k) - A375467(n, k - 1)
for n in range(2, 10): print([A034781(n, k) for k in range(2, n + 1)])
# Peter Luschny, Aug 30 2024

Reference gives recurrence.

T(n, k) = A375467(n, k) - A375467(n, k - 1). - Peter Luschny, Aug 30 2024

More terms from Victoria A Sapko (vsapko(AT)canes.gsw.edu), Sep 19 2003

A005176 Number of regular graphs with n unlabeled nodes.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 8, 6, 22, 26, 176, 546, 19002, 389454, 50314870, 2942198546, 1698517037030, 442786966117636, 649978211591622812, 429712868499646587714, 2886054228478618215888598, 8835589045148342277802657274, 152929279364927228928025482936226, 1207932509391069805495173417972533120, 99162609848561525198669168653641835566774

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

E. Friedman, Illustration of small graphs
Jason Kimberley, Index of sequences counting not necessarily connected k-regular simple graphs with girth at least g
Jennifer M. Larson, Cheating Because They Can: Social Networks and Norm Violators, 2014. See Footnote 11.
Peter Steinbach, Field Guide to Simple Graphs, Volume 1, Part 17 (For Volumes 1, 2, 3, 4 of this book see A000088, A008406, A000055, A000664, respectively.)
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Regular Graph.

Not necessarily connected simple regular graphs: A005176 (any degree), A051031 (triangular array), specified degree k: A000012 (k=0), A059841 (k=1), A008483 (k=2), A005638 (k=3), A033301 (k=4), A165626 (k=5), A165627 (k=6), A165628 (k=7), A180260 (k=8).
Simple regular graphs of any degree: A005177 (connected), A068932 (disconnected), this sequence (not necessarily connected).
Not necessarily connected regular simple graphs with girth at least g: this sequence (g=3), A185314 (g=4), A185315 (g=5), A185316 (g=6), A185317 (g=7), A185318 (g=8), A185319 (g=9).
Cf. A295193.

a(n) = A005177(n) + A068932(n). - David Wasserman, Mar 08 2002

Row sums of triangle A051031.

More terms from David Wasserman, Mar 08 2002
a(15) and a(16) from Jason Kimberley, Sep 25 2009
Edited by Jason Kimberley, Jan 06 2011 and May 24 2012
a(17)-a(21) from Andrew Howroyd, Mar 08 2020
a(22)-a(24) from Andrew Howroyd, Apr 05 2020

A129271 Number of labeled n-node connected graphs with at most one cycle.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 4, 31, 347, 4956, 85102, 1698712, 38562309, 980107840, 27559801736, 849285938304, 28459975589311, 1030366840792576, 40079074477640850, 1666985134587145216, 73827334760713500233, 3468746291121007607808, 172335499299097826575564, 9027150377126199463936000

Offset: 0

Washington Bomfim, May 10 2008

The majority of those graphs of order 4 are trees since we have 16 trees and only 9 unicycles. See example.

Also connected graphs covering n vertices with at most n edges. The unlabeled version is A005703. - Gus Wiseman, Feb 19 2024

			a(4) = 16 + 3*3 = 31.
From _Gus Wiseman_, Feb 19 2024: (Start)
The a(0) = 1 through a(3) = 4 graph edge sets:
  {}  .  {{1,2}}  {{1,2},{1,3}}
                  {{1,2},{2,3}}
                  {{1,3},{2,3}}
                  {{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}
(End)

J. Riordan, An Introduction to Combinatorial Analysis, Dover, 2002, p. 2.

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..100
Wikipedia, PseudoForest.

Cf. A129137, A000272.
For any number of edges we have A001187, unlabeled A001349.
The unlabeled version is A005703.
The case of equality is A057500, covering A370317, cf. A370318.
The non-connected non-covering version is A133686.
The connected complement is A140638, unlabeled A140636, covering A367868.
The non-connected covering version is A367869 or A369191.
The version with loops is A369197, non-connected A369194.
A006125 counts graphs, A000088 unlabeled.
A006129 counts covering graphs, A002494 unlabeled.
A062734 counts connected graphs by number of edges.
Cf. A006649, A116508, A134964, A143543, A323818, A367862, A367863, A367867, A367916, A367917, A368951.

a := n -> `if`(n=0,1,((n-1)*exp(n)*GAMMA(n-1,n)+n^(n-2)*(3-n))/2):
seq(simplify(a(n)),n=0..16); # Peter Luschny, Jan 18 2016

nn=20;t=Sum[n^(n-1)x^n/n!,{n,1,nn}];Range[0,nn]!CoefficientList[Series[ Log[1/(1-t)]/2+t/2-3t^2/4+1,{x,0,nn}],x]  (* Geoffrey Critzer, Mar 23 2013 *)

seq(n)={my(t=-lambertw(-x + O(x*x^n))); Vec(serlaplace(log(1/(1-t))/2 + t/2 - 3*t^2/4 + 1))} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Nov 07 2019

a(0) = 1, for n >=1, a(n) = A000272(n) + A057500(n) = n^{n-2} + (n-1)(n-2)/2Sum_{r=1..n-2}( (n-3)!/(n-2-r)! )n^(n-2-r)
E.g.f.: log(1/(1-T(x)))/2 + T(x)/2 - 3*T(x)^2/4 + 1, where T(x) is the e.g.f. for A000169. - Geoffrey Critzer, Mar 23 2013
a(n) = ((n-1)*e^n*GAMMA(n-1,n)+n^(n-2)*(3-n))/2 for n>=1. - Peter Luschny, Jan 18 2016

Terms a(17) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Nov 07 2019

A001858 Number of forests of trees on n labeled nodes.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 7, 38, 291, 2932, 36961, 561948, 10026505, 205608536, 4767440679, 123373203208, 3525630110107, 110284283006640, 3748357699560961, 137557910094840848, 5421179050350334929, 228359487335194570528, 10239206473040881277575, 486909744862576654283616

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe

The number of integer lattice points in the permutation polytope of {1,2,...,n}. - Max Alekseyev, Jan 26 2010
Equals the number of score sequences for a tournament on n vertices. See Prop. 7 of the article by Bartels et al., or Example 3.1 in the article by Stanley. - David Radcliffe, Aug 02 2022
Number of labeled acyclic graphs on n vertices. The unlabeled version is A005195. The covering case is A105784, connected A000272. - Gus Wiseman, Apr 29 2024

			From _Gus Wiseman_, Apr 29 2024: (Start)
Edge-sets of the a(4) = 38 forests:
  {}  {12}  {12,13}  {12,13,14}
      {13}  {12,14}  {12,13,24}
      {14}  {12,23}  {12,13,34}
      {23}  {12,24}  {12,14,23}
      {24}  {12,34}  {12,14,34}
      {34}  {13,14}  {12,23,24}
            {13,23}  {12,23,34}
            {13,24}  {12,24,34}
            {13,34}  {13,14,23}
            {14,23}  {13,14,24}
            {14,24}  {13,23,24}
            {14,34}  {13,23,34}
            {23,24}  {13,24,34}
            {23,34}  {14,23,24}
            {24,34}  {14,23,34}
                     {14,24,34}
(End)

B. Bollobas, Modern Graph Theory, Springer, 1998, p. 290.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..388 (first 101 terms from T. D. Noe)
J. E. Bartels, J. Mount, and D. J. A. Welsh, The polytope of win vectors. Annals of Combinatorics 1, 1-15 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02558460
David Callan, A Combinatorial Derivation of the Number of Labeled Forests, J. Integer Seqs., Vol. 6, 2003.
Huantian Cao, AutoGF: An Automated System to Calculate Coefficients of Generating Functions, thesis, 2002.o
Huantian Cao, AutoGF: An Automated System to Calculate Coefficients of Generating Functions, thesis, 2002.
Huantian Cao, AutoGF: An Automated System to Calculate Coefficients of Generating Functions, thesis, 2002 [Local copy, with permission]
P. Flajolet and R. Sedgewick, Analytic Combinatorics, 2009; see page 132.
Samuele Giraudo, Combalgebraic structures on decorated cliques, Formal Power Series and Algebraic Combinatorics, Séminaire Lotharingien de Combinatoire, 78B.15, 2017, p. 7, arXiv:1709.08416 [math.CO], 2017.
Anton Izosimov, Matrix polynomials, generalized Jacobians, and graphical zonotopes, arXiv:1506.05179 [math.AG], 2015.
Qipeng Kuang, Ondřej Kuželka, Yuanhong Wang, and Yuyi Wang, Bridging Weighted First Order Model Counting and Graph Polynomials, arXiv:2407.11877 [cs.LO], 2024. See pp. 32-33.
Arun P. Mani and Rebecca J. Stones, Congruences for weighted number of labeled forests, INTEGERS 16 (2016). #A17.
J. Pitman, Coalescent Random Forests, J. Combin. Theory, A85 (1999), 165-193.
J. Riordan, Forests of labeled trees, J. Combin. Theory, 5 (1968), 90-103.
J. Riordan, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Oct 19 1970
J. Riordan, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 10 1975
John Riordan and N. J. A. Sloane, Correspondence, 1974
N. J. A. Sloane, Letter to J. Riordan, Nov. 1970
R. Stanley, Decompositions of rational convex polytopes, Ann. Discrete Math 6.6 (1980): 333-342.
L. Takacs, On the number of distinct forests, SIAM J. Discrete Math., 3 (1990), 574-581.
E. M. Wright, A relationship between two sequences, Proc. London Math. Soc. (3) 17 (1967) 296-304.
Index entries for sequences related to forests

The connected case is A000272, rooted A000169.
The unlabeled version is A005195, connected A000055.
The covering case is A105784, unlabeled A144958.
Row sums of A138464.
For triangles instead of cycles we have A213434, covering A372168.
For a unique cycle we have A372193, covering A372195.
A002807 counts cycles in a complete graph.
A006125 counts simple graphs, unlabeled A000088.
A006129 counts covering graphs, unlabeled A002494.
Cf. A006572, A006573, A088956.
Cf. A053530, A054548, A137916, A263340, A322661, A367863, A372176.

exp(x+x^2+add(n^(n-2)*x^n/n!, n=3..50));
# second Maple program:
a:= proc(n) option remember; `if`(n=0, 1, add(
      binomial(n-1, j-1)*j^(j-2)*a(n-j), j=1..n))
    end:
seq(a(n), n=0..20);  # Alois P. Heinz, Sep 15 2008
# third Maple program:
F:= exp(-LambertW(-x)*(1+LambertW(-x)/2)):
S:= series(F,x,51):
seq(coeff(S,x,j)*j!, j=0..50); # Robert Israel, May 21 2015

nn=20;t=Sum[n^(n-1)x^n/n!,{n,1,nn}];Range[0,nn]!CoefficientList[ Series[Exp[t-t^2/2],{x,0,nn}],x] (* Geoffrey Critzer, Sep 05 2012 *)
nmax = 20; CoefficientList[Series[-LambertW[-x]/(x*E^(LambertW[-x]^2/2)), {x, 0, nmax}], x] * Range[0, nmax]! (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 19 2019 *)

a(n)=if(n<0,0,sum(m=0,n,sum(j=0,m,binomial(m,j)*binomial(n-1,n-m-j)*n^(n-m-j)*(m+j)!/(-2)^j)/m!)) /* Michael Somos, Aug 22 2002 */

E.g.f.: exp( Sum_{n>=1} n^(n-2)*x^n/n! ). This implies (by a theorem of Wright) that a(n) ~ exp(1/2)*n^(n-2). - N. J. A. Sloane, May 12 2008 [Corrected by Philippe Flajolet, Aug 17 2008]
E.g.f.: exp(T - T^2/2), where T = T(x) = Sum_{n>=1} n^(n-1)*x^n/n! is Euler's tree function (see A000169). - Len Smiley, Dec 12 2001
Shifts 1 place left under the hyperbinomial transform (cf. A088956). - Paul D. Hanna, Nov 03 2003
a(0) = 1, a(n) = Sum_{j=0..n-1} C(n-1,j) (j+1)^(j-1) a(n-1-j) if n>0. - Alois P. Heinz, Sep 15 2008

More terms from Michael Somos, Aug 22 2002

A259862 Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = number of unlabeled graphs with n nodes and connectivity exactly k (n>=1, 0<=k<=n-1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 5, 3, 2, 1, 13, 11, 7, 2, 1, 44, 56, 39, 13, 3, 1, 191, 385, 332, 111, 21, 3, 1, 1229, 3994, 4735, 2004, 345, 34, 4, 1, 13588, 67014, 113176, 66410, 13429, 992, 54, 4, 1, 288597, 1973029, 4629463, 3902344, 1109105, 99419, 3124, 81, 5, 1, 12297299, 105731474, 327695586, 388624106, 162318088, 21500415, 820956, 9813, 121, 5, 1

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Jul 08 2015

These are vertex-connectivities. Spanning edge-connectivity is A263296. Non-spanning edge-connectivity is A327236. Cut-connectivity is A327127. - Gus Wiseman, Sep 03 2019

			Triangle begins:
       1;
       1,       1;
       2,       1,       1;
       5,       3,       2,       1;
      13,      11,       7,       2,       1;
      44,      56,      39,      13,       3,     1;
     191,     385,     332,     111,      21,     3,    1;
    1229,    3994,    4735,    2004,     345,    34,    4,  1;
   13588,   67014,  113176,   66410,   13429,   992,   54,  4, 1;
  288597, 1973029, 4629463, 3902344, 1109105, 99419, 3124, 81, 5, 1;
  12297299,105731474,327695586,388624106,162318088,21500415,820956,9813,121,5,1;
  ...

Georg Grasegger, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..78
Brendan McKay, confusion over k-connected graphs, posting to Sequence Fans Mailing List, Jul 08 2015.
Jens M. Schmidt, Combinatorial Data
Gus Wiseman, The graphs counted by row n = 5 (isolated vertices not shown).

Columns k=0..10 (up to initial nonzero terms) are A000719, A052442, A052443, A052444, A052445, A324234, A324235, A324088, A324089, A324090, A324091.
Row sums are A000088.
Number of graphs with connectivity at least k for k=1..10 are A001349, A002218, A006290, A086216, A086217, A324240, A324092, A324093, A324094, A324095.
The labeled version is A327334.
Cf. A002494, A263296, A322389, A326786, A327127, A327236.

A367869 Number of labeled simple graphs covering n vertices and satisfying a strict version of the axiom of choice.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 4, 34, 387, 5596, 97149, 1959938, 44956945, 1154208544, 32772977715, 1019467710328, 34473686833527, 1259038828370402, 49388615245426933, 2070991708598960524, 92445181295983865757, 4376733266230674345874, 219058079619119072854095, 11556990682657196214302036

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Dec 08 2023

nonn

The axiom of choice says that, given any set of nonempty sets Y, it is possible to choose a set containing an element from each. The strict version requires this set to have the same cardinality as Y, meaning no element is chosen more than once.

Number of labeled n-node graphs with at most one cycle in each component and no isolated vertices. - Andrew Howroyd, Dec 30 2023

			The a(3) = 4 graphs:
  {{1,2},{1,3}}
  {{1,2},{2,3}}
  {{1,3},{2,3}}
  {{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200

The connected case is A129271.
The non-covering case is A133686, complement A367867.
The complement is A367868, connected A140638 (unlabeled A140636).
A001187 counts connected graphs, A001349 unlabeled.
A006125 counts graphs, A000088 unlabeled.
A006129 counts covering graphs, A002494 unlabeled.
A058891 counts set-systems, unlabeled A000612, without singletons A016031.
A059201 counts covering T_0 set-systems, unlabeled A319637, ranks A326947.
A143543 counts simple labeled graphs by number of connected components.
Cf. A057500, A116508, A355740, A367770, A367863, A367902.

Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{2}]], Union@@#==Range[n]&&Select[Tuples[#], UnsameQ@@#&]!={}&]],{n,0,5}]

seq(n)={my(t=-lambertw(-x + O(x*x^n))); Vec(serlaplace(sqrt(1/(1-t))*exp(t/2 - 3*t^2/4 - x)))} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Dec 30 2023

E.g.f.: exp(B(x) - x - 1) where B(x) is the e.g.f. of A129271. - Andrew Howroyd, Dec 30 2023

Terms a(7) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Dec 30 2023

cp's OEIS Frontend

A367863 Number of n-vertex labeled simple graphs with n edges and no isolated vertices.

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A000273 Number of unlabeled simple digraphs with n nodes.

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A003216 Number of Hamiltonian graphs with n nodes.

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A000595 Number of binary relations on n unlabeled points.

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A034781 Triangle of number of rooted trees with n >= 2 nodes and height h >= 1.

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A005176 Number of regular graphs with n unlabeled nodes.

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A129271 Number of labeled n-node connected graphs with at most one cycle.

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