A173557 -id:A173557 - cp's OEIS frontend

A062355 a(n) = d(n) * phi(n), where d(n) is the number of divisors function.

1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 8, 12, 16, 18, 16, 20, 24, 24, 24, 32, 40, 32, 36, 36, 48, 48, 40, 44, 64, 60, 48, 72, 72, 56, 64, 60, 96, 80, 64, 96, 108, 72, 72, 96, 128, 80, 96, 84, 120, 144, 88, 92, 160, 126, 120, 128, 144, 104, 144, 160, 192, 144, 112, 116, 192, 120, 120, 216, 224

Offset: 1

Jason Earls, Jul 06 2001

a(n) = sum of gcd(k-1,n) for 1 <= k <= n and gcd(k,n)=1 (Menon's identity).
For n = 2^(4*k^2 - 1), k >= 1, the terms of the sequence are square and for n = 2^((3*k + 2)^3 - 1), k >= 1, the terms of the sequence are cubes. - Marius A. Burtea, Nov 14 2019
Sum_{k>=1} 1/a(k) diverges. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Sep 20 2020

D. M. Burton, Elementary Number Theory, Allyn and Bacon Inc., Boston MA, 1976, Prob. 7.2 12, p. 141.
P. K. Menon, On the sum gcd(a-1,n) [(a,n)=1], J. Indian Math. Soc. (N.S.), 29 (1965), 155-163.
József Sándor, On Dedekind's arithmetical function, Seminarul de teoria structurilor (in Romanian), No. 51, Univ. Timișoara, 1988, pp. 1-15. See p. 11.
József Sándor, Some diophantine equations for particular arithmetic functions (in Romanian), Seminarul de teoria structurilor, No. 53, Univ. Timișoara, 1989, pp. 1-10. See p. 8.

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..65537 (terms 1..1000 from Harry J. Smith)
Pentti Haukkanen and László Tóth, Menon-type identities again: Note on a paper by Li, Kim and Qiao, arXiv:1911.05411 [math.NT], 2019.
Vaclav Kotesovec, Graph - the asymptotic ratio (250000000 terms)
R. J. Mathar, Survey of Dirichlet series of multiplicative arithmetic functions, arXiv:1106.4038 [math.NT], 2011-2012, Section 3.15.
R. Sivaramakrishnan, Problem E 1962, Elementary Problems, The American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 74, No. 2 (1967), p. 198; Solution, ibid., Vol. 75, No. 5 (1968), p. 550.
Marius Tarnauceanu, A generalization of the Menon's identity, arXiv:1109.2198 [math.GR], 2011-2012.
Laszlo Toth, Menon's identity and arithmetical sums representing functions of several variables, Rend. Sem. Mat. Univ. Politec. Torino, 69 (2011), 97-110.
Wikipedia, Arithmetic function (Menon's identity).

Cf. A003557, A173557, A061468, A062816, A079535, A062949 (inverse Mobius transform), A304408, A318519, A327169 (number of times n occurs in this sequence).

Cf. A062354, A064840.

[NumberOfDivisors(n)*EulerPhi(n):n in [1..65]]; // Marius A. Burtea, Nov 14 2019

seq(tau(n)*phi(n), n=1..64); # Zerinvary Lajos, Jan 22 2007

Table[EulerPhi[n] DivisorSigma[0, n], {n, 80}] (* Carl Najafi, Aug 16 2011 *)
f[p_, e_] := (e+1)*(p-1)*p^(e-1); a[1] = 1; a[n_] := Times @@ f @@@ FactorInteger[n]; Array[a, 100] (* Amiram Eldar, Sep 21 2020 *)

a(n)=numdiv(n)*eulerphi(n); vector(150,n,a(n))

{ for (n=1, 1000, write("b062355.txt", n, " ", numdiv(n)*eulerphi(n)) ) } \\ Harry J. Smith, Aug 05 2009

for(n=1, 100, print1(direuler(p=2, n, (1 - 2*X + p*X^2)/(1 - p*X)^2)[n], ", ")) \\ Vaclav Kotesovec, Jun 15 2020

Dirichlet convolution of A047994 and A000010. - R. J. Mathar, Apr 15 2011
a(n) = A000005(n)*A000010(n). Multiplicative with a(p^e) = (e+1)*(p-1)*p^(e-1). - R. J. Mathar, Jun 23 2018
a(n) = A173557(n) * A318519(n) = A003557(n) * A304408(n). - Antti Karttunen, Sep 16 2018 & Sep 20 2019
From Vaclav Kotesovec, Jun 15 2020: (Start)
Let f(s) = Product_{primes p} (1 - 2*p^(-s) + p^(1-2*s)).
Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s-1)^2 * f(s).
Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) ~ n^2 * (f(2)*(log(n)/2 + gamma - 1/4) + f'(2)/2), where f(2) = A065464 = Product_{primes p} (1 - 2/p^2 + 1/p^3) = 0.42824950567709444...,
f'(2) = 2 * A065464 * A335707 = f(2) * Sum_{primes p} 2*log(p) / (p^2 + p - 1) = 0.35866545223424232469545420783620795... and gamma is the Euler-Mascheroni constant A001620. (End)
From Amiram Eldar, Mar 02 2021: (Start)
a(n) >= n (Sivaramakrishnan, 1967).
a(n) >= sigma(n), for odd n (Sándor, 1988).
a(n) >= phi(n) + n - 1 (Sándor, 1989) (End)
From Richard L. Ollerton, May 07 2021: (Start)
a(n) = Sum_{k=1..n} uphi(gcd(n,k)), where uphi(n) = A047994(n).
a(n) = Sum_{k=1..n} uphi(n/gcd(n,k))*phi(gcd(n,k))/phi(n/gcd(n,k)). (End)

A109395 Denominator of phi(n)/n = Product_{p|n} (1 - 1/p); phi(n)=A000010(n), the Euler totient function.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 2, 5, 3, 7, 2, 3, 5, 11, 3, 13, 7, 15, 2, 17, 3, 19, 5, 7, 11, 23, 3, 5, 13, 3, 7, 29, 15, 31, 2, 33, 17, 35, 3, 37, 19, 13, 5, 41, 7, 43, 11, 15, 23, 47, 3, 7, 5, 51, 13, 53, 3, 11, 7, 19, 29, 59, 15, 61, 31, 7, 2, 65, 33, 67, 17, 69, 35, 71, 3, 73, 37, 15, 19, 77, 13, 79, 5, 3

Offset: 1

Franz Vrabec, Aug 26 2005

a(n)=2 iff n=2^k (k>0); otherwise a(n) is odd. If p is prime, a(p)=p; the converse is false, e.g.: a(15)=15. It is remarkable that this sequence often coincides with A006530, the largest prime P dividing n. Theorem: a(n)=P if and only if for every prime p < P in n there is some prime q in n with p|(q-1). - Franz Vrabec, Aug 30 2005

			a(10) = 10/gcd(10,phi(10)) = 10/gcd(10,4) = 10/2 = 5.

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..16384 (terms 1..1000 from T. D. Noe)
Antti Karttunen, Data supplement: n, a(n) computed for n = 1..65537

Cf. A076512 for the numerator.
Cf. A000010, A009195, A054741, A059956, A082695, A318304, A318305, A323170.
Phi(m)/m = k: A000079 \ {1} (k=1/2), A033845 (k=1/3), A000244 \ {1} (k=2/3), A033846 (k=2/5), A000351 \ {1} (k=4/5), A033847 (k=3/7), A033850 (k=4/7), A000420 \ {1} (k=6/7), A033848 (k=5/11), A001020 \ {1} (k=10/11), A288162 (k=6/13), A001022 \ {1} (12/13), A143207 (k=4/15), A033849 (k=8/15), A033851 (k=24/35).

Table[Denominator[EulerPhi[n]/n], {n, 81}] (* Alonso del Arte, Sep 03 2011 *)

a(n)=n/gcd(n,eulerphi(n)) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Feb 20 2013

A007947(n) = factorback(factorint(n)[, 1]); \\ From A007947
A173557(n) = my(f=factor(n)[, 1]); prod(k=1, #f, f[k]-1); \\ From A173557
A109395(n) = denominator(A173557(n)/A007947(n)); \\ Antti Karttunen, Feb 09 2019

a(n) = n/gcd(n, phi(n)) = n/A009195(n).
From Antti Karttunen, Feb 09 2019: (Start)
a(n) = denominator of A173557(n)/A007947(n).
a(2^n) = 2 for all n >= 1.
(End)
From Amiram Eldar, Jul 31 2020: (Start)
Asymptotic mean of phi(n)/n: lim_{m->oo} (1/m) * Sum_{n=1..m} A076512(n)/a(n) = 6/Pi^2 (A059956).
Asymptotic mean of n/phi(n): lim_{m->oo} (1/m) * Sum_{n=1..m} a(n)/A076512(n) = zeta(2)*zeta(3)/zeta(6) (A082695). (End)

A097945 a(n) = mu(n)*phi(n) where mu(n) is the Mobius function (A008683) and phi(n) is the Euler totient function (A000010).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, -1, -2, 0, -4, 2, -6, 0, 0, 4, -10, 0, -12, 6, 8, 0, -16, 0, -18, 0, 12, 10, -22, 0, 0, 12, 0, 0, -28, -8, -30, 0, 20, 16, 24, 0, -36, 18, 24, 0, -40, -12, -42, 0, 0, 22, -46, 0, 0, 0, 32, 0, -52, 0, 40, 0, 36, 28, -58, 0, -60, 30, 0, 0, 48, -20, -66, 0, 44, -24, -70, 0, -72, 36, 0, 0, 60, -24, -78, 0, 0, 40, -82, 0

Offset: 1

Gerald McGarvey, Sep 04 2004

Also, a(n) = mu(n)*uphi(n) where mu(n) is the Mobius function (A008683) and uphi(n) is the unitary totient function (A047994), since phi(n) = uphi(n) when n is squarefree, while mu(n) = 0 when n is not squarefree. - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, May 14 2006
Conjecture: Sum_{n>=1} mu(n)/phi(n) = Sum_{n>=1} a(n)/phi(n)^2 = 0. It is true that Sum_{n>=1} mu(n)/phi(n)^s = 0 at least for s > 1 since: phi(2)=1, phi is multiplicative, so for n's that are squarefree, the phi(n) values can be partitioned in pairs where phi(m)=phi(2m) and mu(m) = -mu(2m). So Sum_{i=1..n} mu(i)/phi(i)^s < Sum_{j=floor(n/2)..n} 1/phi(j)^s, which approaches 0 as n increases since (1) n^(1-e) < phi(n) < n for any e > 0 and n > N(e) and (2) Sum_{i..n} 1/n^s converges for s > 1. Conjecture: Sum_{n>=1} mu(n)/phi(n)^z = 0 for Re(z) > 1.
Multiplicative with a(p^1) = 1-p, a(p^e) = 0, e > 1. - Mitch Harris, May 24 2005
Row sums of triangle A143153 = a signed version of the sequence such that parity = (-) iff A008683(n) = (+); 0 or (+): (1, 1, 2, 0, 4, -2, 6, 0, 0, -4, 10, 0, 12, -6, 0, 0, 0, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Jul 27 2008
Dirichlet inverse of A003958. - R. J. Mathar, Jul 08 2011

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Wikipedia, Euler's totient function

Cf. A000010, A003958, A007947, A008683, A008966, A023900, A047994, A143153, A173557, A322581.

with(numtheory):
a:= n-> mobius(n)*phi(n):
seq(a(n), n=1..100);  # Alois P. Heinz, Aug 06 2012

Table[ MoebiusMu[n]EulerPhi[n], {n, 85}] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 06 2004 *)

a(n)=moebius(n)*eulerphi(n) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Feb 21 2013

for(n=1, 100, print1(direuler(p=2, n, (1 - p*X + X))[n], ", ")) \\ Vaclav Kotesovec, Jun 14 2020

Dirichlet g.f.: Product_{primes p} (1-p^(1-s)+p^(-s)). - R. J. Mathar, Aug 29 2011
Sum_{d|n} abs(a(d)) = rad(n) = A007947(n). - Rémy Sigrist, Nov 05 2017
Sum_{k=1..n} abs(a(k)) ~ c * n^2, where c = A065464/2 = (1/2) * Product_{primes p} (1 - 2/p^2 + 1/p^3) = 0.21412475283854722... Equivalently, c = A065463 * 3 / Pi^2. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jun 14 2020
From Antti Karttunen, Aug 20 2021: (Start)
a(n) = mu(n)*A000010(n) = mu(n)*A003958(n) = mu(n)*A047994(n) = mu(n)*A173557(n), where mu is Möbius mu function (A008683).
a(n) = A008966(n) * A023900(n) = abs(mu(n)) * A023900(n).
a(n) = A322581(n) - A003958(n).
(End)

More terms from Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 06 2004

Edited by N. J. A. Sloane, May 20 2006

A055744 Numbers k such that k and phi(k) have the same prime factors.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 8, 16, 18, 32, 36, 50, 54, 64, 72, 100, 108, 128, 144, 162, 200, 216, 250, 256, 288, 294, 324, 400, 432, 450, 486, 500, 512, 576, 578, 588, 648, 800, 864, 882, 900, 972, 1000, 1014, 1024, 1152, 1156, 1176, 1210, 1250, 1296, 1350, 1458, 1600, 1728, 1764

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer, Jul 11 2000

nonn

Contains products of suitable powers of 2 and Fermat primes. For x = 2^u*3^w, phi(x) = 2^u*3^(w-1) with suitable exponents. Analogous constructions are possible with {2,3,7} prime divisors, etc.
From Ivan Neretin, Mar 19 2015: (Start)
Also, numbers k that meet the following criteria for every prime p dividing k:
  1. All prime divisors of p-1 must also divide k;
  2. If k has no prime divisors of the form m*p+1, and k is divisible by p, then k must be divisible by p^2.
Also, numbers k for which {k, phi(k), phi(phi(k))} is a geometric progression.
(End)
All terms > 1 are even. An even number k is in the sequence iff 2*k is in the sequence. - Robert Israel, Mar 19 2015
For n > 1, the largest prime factor of a(n) has multiplicity >= 2. For all prime factors more than half of the largest prime factor of a(n), the multiplicity differs from 1.
If k = p1^a1 * p2^a2 * ... * pm^am is in the sequence, then so is p1^b1 * p2^b2 * ... * pm^bm for 1 <= i <= m and prime pi and bi >= ai.
If m * p^2 is not in the sequence, for a prime p and some m > 0, then neither is m * p^3. - David A. Corneth, Mar 22 2015
A027748(a(n),j) = A027748(A000010(a(n)),j) for j=1..A001221(a(n)); also numbers k such that k and phi(k) have the same squarefree kernel: A007947(a(n)) = A007947(A000010(a(n))). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jun 01 2015
Pollack and Pomerance call these numbers "phi-perfect numbers". - Amiram Eldar, Jun 02 2020

			k = 578 = 2*17*17, phi(578) = 272 = 2*2*2*2*17 with 2 and 17 prime factors, so 578 is a term.
k = 588 = 2*2*3*7*7, phi(588) = 168 = 2*2*2*3*7, so 588 is a term.
k = 264196 = 2*2*257*257, phi(264196) = 512*257 = 131584, so 264196 is a term.

David A. Corneth, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..117561 (terms <= 10^11; first 10000 terms from T. D. Noe)
Paul Pollack and Carl Pomerance, Prime-Perfect Numbers, INTEGERS, Electronic J. of Combinatorial Number Theory, Vol. 12a, Paper A14, 2012.

Intersection of A073539 and A151999. - Amiram Eldar, Jun 02 2020
Cf. A001221, A000010, A110751, A110819, A027598, A081377.
Cf. A007947, A027748, A055742, A173557, A256248, subsequence of A124240.

a055744 n = a055744_list !! (n-1)
a055744_list = 1 : filter f [2..] where
   f x = all ((== 0) . mod x) (concatMap (a027748_row . subtract 1) ps) &&
         all ((== 0) . mod (a173557 x))
             (map fst $ filter ((== 1) . snd) $ zip ps $ a124010_row x)
         where ps = a027748_row x
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jun 01 2015

select(numtheory:-factorset = numtheory:-factorset @ numtheory:-phi,
[1, 2*i $ i=1..2000]); # Robert Israel, Mar 19 2015
isA055744 := proc(n)
    nfs := numtheory[factorset](n) ;
    phinfs := numtheory[factorset](numtheory[phi](n)) ;
    if nfs = phinfs then
        true;
    else
        false;
    end if;
end proc:
A055744 := proc(n)
    if n = 1 then
        1;
    else
        for a from procname(n-1)+1 do
            if isA055744(a) then
                return a;
            end if;
        end do:
    end if;
end proc: # R. J. Mathar, Sep 23 2016

Select[Range@ 1800,
First /@ FactorInteger@ # == First /@ FactorInteger@ EulerPhi@ # &] (* Michael De Vlieger, Mar 21 2015 *)

is(n)=factor(n)[,1]==factor(eulerphi(n))[,1] \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Oct 31 2011

is(n)=my(f=factor(n)); f[,1]==factor(eulerphi(f))[,1] \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, May 26 2015

Corrected and extended by James Sellers, Jul 11 2000

A307868 Decimal expansion of the asymptotic mean of phi(k)/psi(k), where phi(k) is Euler totient function (A000010) and psi(k) is Dedekind psi function (A001615).

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 7, 1, 6, 8, 0, 6, 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 9, 9, 7, 8, 6, 8, 0, 7, 5, 2, 3, 5, 6, 3, 3, 0, 8, 0, 4, 8, 2, 0, 8, 7, 4, 2, 5, 9, 2, 6, 3, 8, 2, 0, 0, 6, 9, 8, 6, 8, 8, 3, 6, 3, 5, 7, 3, 7, 2, 5, 5, 4, 1, 7, 7, 3, 2, 1, 1, 6, 7, 5, 9, 6, 8, 2, 7, 4, 4, 0, 9, 6, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 7, 3, 7, 6, 9, 4, 9, 0, 2, 3, 0, 3, 1, 3, 0, 1, 1

Offset: 0

Amiram Eldar, May 02 2019

Also, the asymptotic mean of A162511. - Amiram Eldar, Sep 18 2022

			0.47168061361299786807523563308048208742592638200698...

V. Sitaramaiah and M. V. Subbarao, Some asymptotic formulae involving powers of arithmetic functions, Number Theory, Madras 1987, Springer, 1989, pp. 201-234, alternative link.

Cf. A000010, A001615, A013661, A065472, A071974, A162511, A173557.

$MaxExtraPrecision = 1000; m = 1000; c = LinearRecurrence[{-2, 1, 2}, {0, -4, 6}, m]; RealDigits[(2/3) * Exp[NSum[Indexed[c, n]*(PrimeZetaP[n] - 1/2^n)/n, {n, 2, m}, NSumTerms -> m, WorkingPrecision -> m]], 10, 100][[1]]

prodeulerrat(1 - 2/(p*(p+1))) \\ Vaclav Kotesovec, Sep 19 2020

Equals lim_{m->oo} (1/m)*Sum_{k=1..m} phi(k)/psi(k).
Equals Product_{p prime} (1 - 2/(p * (p+1))).
Equals A065472 / zeta(2). - Amiram Eldar, Sep 18 2022

More digits from Vaclav Kotesovec, Sep 19 2020

A054741 Numbers m such that totient(m) < cototient(m).

Original entry on oeis.org

6, 10, 12, 14, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 102, 104, 105, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 130, 132, 134, 136

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer, Apr 26 2000

nonn

For powers of 2, the two function values are equal.
Numbers m such that m/phi(m) > 2. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Sep 13 2013
Numbers m such that A173557(m)/A007947(m) < 1/2. - Antti Karttunen, Jan 05 2019
Numbers m such that there are powers of m that are abundant. This follows from abundancy and totient being multiplicative, with the abundancy for prime p of p^k being asymptotically p/(p-1) as k -> oo; given that p/(p-1) = p^k/phi(p^k) for k >= 1. - Peter Munn, Nov 24 2020

			For m = 20, phi(20) = 8, cototient(20) = 20 - phi(20) = 12, 8 = phi(20) < 20-phi(20) = 12; for m = 21, the opposite holds: phi = 12, 21-phi = 8.

Charles R Greathouse IV, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Mitsuo Kobayashi, A generalization of a series for the density of abundant numbers, International Journal of Number Theory, Vol. 12, No. 3 (2016), pp. 671-677.

A177712 is a subsequence. Complement: A115405.
Positions of negative terms in A083254.
Cf. A000010, A007947, A051953, A005408, A036798, A089684, A173557.
Cf. A323170 (characteristic function).
Complement of A000079\{1} within A119432.

Select[ Range[300], 2EulerPhi[ # ] < # &] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Jan 10 2004 *)

is(n)=n>2*eulerphi(n) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Sep 13 2013

m such that A000010(m) < A051953(m).

a(n) seems to be asymptotic to c*n with c=1.9566...... - Benoit Cloitre, Oct 20 2002 [It is an old theorem that a(n) ~ cn for some c, for any sequence of the form "m/phi(m) > k". - Charles R Greathouse IV, May 28 2015] [c is in the interval (1.9540, 1.9562) (Kobayashi, 2016). - Amiram Eldar, Feb 14 2021]

Erroneous comment removed by Antti Karttunen, Jan 05 2019

A322587 Lexicographically earliest such sequence a that for all i, j, a(i) = a(j) => f(i) = f(j), where f(n) = 0 for odd primes, and f(n) = A291756(n) [equally: A295887(n)] for any other number.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 5, 6, 7, 2, 8, 2, 9, 10, 11, 2, 6, 2, 12, 13, 14, 2, 15, 16, 13, 17, 18, 2, 10, 2, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 2, 24, 22, 25, 2, 13, 2, 26, 27, 28, 2, 29, 30, 16, 31, 32, 2, 17, 33, 34, 35, 36, 2, 37, 2, 38, 39, 40, 41, 20, 2, 42, 43, 22, 2, 44, 2, 35, 45, 46, 47, 22, 2, 48, 49, 33, 2, 32, 50, 51, 52, 53, 2, 27, 54, 55, 47, 56, 54, 57, 2, 30, 58, 59, 2, 31, 2, 60, 41

Offset: 1

Antti Karttunen, Dec 18 2018

nonn

For all i, j: a(i) = a(j) => A322320(i) = A322320(j).

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..65537

Cf. A291756, A295887, A322588, A322589, A322591, A322592.

up_to = 65537;
rgs_transform(invec) = { my(om = Map(), outvec = vector(length(invec)), u=1); for(i=1, length(invec), if(mapisdefined(om,invec[i]), my(pp = mapget(om, invec[i])); outvec[i] = outvec[pp] , mapput(om,invec[i],i); outvec[i] = u; u++ )); outvec; };
A003557(n) = { my(f=factor(n)); for(i=1, #f~, f[i, 2] = f[i, 2]-1); factorback(f); };
A173557(n) = my(f=factor(n)[, 1]); prod(k=1, #f, f[k]-1); \\ From A173557
Aux322587(n) = if((n>2)&&isprime(n),0,(1/2)*(2 + ((A003557(n)+A173557(n))^2) - A003557(n) - 3*A173557(n)));
v322587 = rgs_transform(vector(up_to, n, Aux322587(n)));
A322587(n) = v322587[n];

A344753 a(n) = sigma(n) + psi(n) - 2n = Sum_{d|n, d

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 2, 2, 5, 2, 12, 2, 11, 7, 16, 2, 28, 2, 20, 18, 23, 2, 39, 2, 38, 22, 28, 2, 60, 11, 32, 22, 48, 2, 84, 2, 47, 30, 40, 26, 91, 2, 44, 34, 82, 2, 108, 2, 68, 60, 52, 2, 124, 15, 83, 42, 78, 2, 120, 34, 104, 46, 64, 2, 192, 2, 68, 74, 95, 38, 156, 2, 98, 54, 148, 2, 195, 2, 80, 94, 108, 38, 180, 2, 170, 67, 88, 2

Offset: 1

Antti Karttunen, May 28 2021

Sigma is the sum of divisors (A000203), and psi is Dedekind psi-function (A001615). Coincides with the latter only on perfect numbers (A000396).

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10080
Antti Karttunen, Data supplement: n, a(n) computed for n = 1..65537

Cf. A001065, A001615, A008683, A008966, A033879, A173557, A306927, A344705, A342001, A344705, A344754, A344755, A344997, A344998.
Cf. A000396 [where a(n) = A001615(n)], A005100 [a(n) < A001615(n)], A005101 [a(n) > A001615(n)].
Cf. also A051709, A345001.
Cf. A013661, A082020.

a[n_] := Sum[d + If[SquareFreeQ[n/d], d, 0], {d, Most[Divisors[n]]}];
Array[a, 100] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 12 2021 *)

PARI
```
A344753(n) = sumdiv(n,d,(d
				
```

a(n) = Sum_{d|n, dA008966(n/d) * d).
a(n) = A001065(n) + A306927(n).
a(n) = A001615(n) - A033879(n).
a(n) = A344705(n) + 2*A001065(n) - n.
For squarefree n, a(n) = 2*A001065(n).
a(n) = A344997(n) / A173557(n) = A344998(n) / A342001(n). - Antti Karttunen, Jun 06 2021
Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) = c * n^2 / 2 + O(n*log(n)), where c = Pi^2/6 + 15/Pi^2 - 2 = 1.164751... . - Amiram Eldar, Dec 08 2023

New primary definition added by Antti Karttunen, Jun 06 2021

A056867 Nilpotent numbers: n such that every group of order n is nilpotent.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 19, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 32, 33, 35, 37, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 59, 61, 64, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 95, 97, 99, 101, 103, 107, 109, 113, 115, 119, 121, 123, 125, 127, 128, 131, 133, 135, 137, 139

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 02 2000

Contains exactly the numbers n for which gcd(n,|A153038(n)|)=1 [Pazderski]. - R. J. Mathar, Apr 03 2012

A group G of order m is nilpotent iff it has a quotient group of order m/d for each divisor d of m. - Des MacHale and Bernard Schott, Jul 15 2022

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
J. Pakianathan and K. Shankar, Nilpotent Numbers, Amer. Math. Monthly, 107, August-September 2000, 631-634.
G. Pazderski, Die Ordnungen, zu denen nur Gruppen mit gegebener Eigenschaft gehören, Archiv Math. 10 (1) (1959) 331.
Wikipedia, Nilpotent group.

Complement of A056868.
Cf. A003277, A051532, A056866.
Cf. A027748, A124010, A173557.

IsNilpotentInt := function(n)
  local f, i, j; f := PrimePowersInt(n);
  for i in [1..Length(f)/2] do
    for j in [1..f[2*i]] do
      if Gcd(f[2*i-1]^j-1, n) > 1 then return false; fi;
    od;
  od;
  return true;
end;
Filtered([1..140], IsNilpotentInt); # Gheorghe Coserea, Dec 02 2017

A153038[1] = 1; A153038[n_] := (x = 1; Do[p = f[[1]]; e = f[[2]]; x = x*Product[1 - p^s, {s, 1, e}], {f, FactorInteger[n]}]; x); A056867 = Select[Range[140], GCD[#, Abs[A153038[#]]] == 1 &] (* Jean-François Alcover, May 15 2012, after R. J. Mathar *)

is(n)=my(f=factor(n));for(k=1,#f[,1], for(j=1,f[k,2], if(gcd(n, f[k,1]^j-1)>1, return(0)))); 1 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Sep 18 2012

n is in this sequence if p^k is not congruent to 1 mod q for any primes p and q dividing n such that p^e but not p^(e+1) divides n and k <= e. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Aug 27 2012

More terms from Francisco Salinas (franciscodesalinas(AT)hotmail.com), Dec 25 2001

A327564 If n = Product (p_j^k_j) then a(n) = Product ((p_j + 1)^(k_j - 1)).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 9, 4, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 27, 1, 4, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 9, 6, 1, 16, 3, 1, 1, 1, 81, 1, 1, 1, 12, 1, 1, 1, 9, 1, 1, 1, 3, 4, 1, 1, 27, 8, 6, 1, 3, 1, 16, 1, 9, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 4, 243, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 36, 1, 1, 6, 3, 1, 1, 1, 27, 64, 1, 1, 3, 1

Offset: 1

Ilya Gutkovskiy, Mar 03 2020

			a(12) = a(2^2 * 3) = (2 + 1)^(2 - 1) * (3 + 1)^(1 - 1) = 3.

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..16383
Antti Karttunen, Data supplement: n, a(n) computed for n = 1..65537
Index entries for sequences computed from exponents in factorization of n.
Index entries for sequences computed from indices in prime factorization.

Cf. A001221, A003557, A003958, A003959, A003968, A005117 (positions of 1's), A007947, A048250, A064478, A064549, A173557, A323363, A325126, A326297, A340368, A348038, A348039, A347960.

a[n_] := Times @@ ((#[[1]] + 1)^(#[[2]] - 1) & /@ FactorInteger[n]); Table[a[n], {n, 1, 85}]

a(n) = my(f=factor(n)); for (k=1, #f~, f[k,1]++; f[k,2]--); factorback(f); \\ Michel Marcus, Mar 03 2020

a(1) = 1; a(n) = -Sum_{d|n, dA001221(n/d) * A003557(n/d) * a(d).
a(n) = A003959(n) / A048250(n) = A003968(n) / A007947(n).
a(n) = A348038(n) * A348039(n) = A340368(n) / A173557(n). - Antti Karttunen, Oct 29 2021
Dirichlet g.f.: 1/(zeta(s-1) * Product_{p prime} (1 - 1/p^(s-1) - 1/p^s)). - Amiram Eldar, Dec 07 2023

cp's OEIS Frontend

A062355 a(n) = d(n) * phi(n), where d(n) is the number of divisors function.

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A109395 Denominator of phi(n)/n = Product_{p|n} (1 - 1/p); phi(n)=A000010(n), the Euler totient function.

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A097945 a(n) = mu(n)*phi(n) where mu(n) is the Mobius function (A008683) and phi(n) is the Euler totient function (A000010).

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A055744 Numbers k such that k and phi(k) have the same prime factors.

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A307868 Decimal expansion of the asymptotic mean of phi(k)/psi(k), where phi(k) is Euler totient function (A000010) and psi(k) is Dedekind psi function (A001615).

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A054741 Numbers m such that totient(m) < cototient(m).

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