A245797 -id:A245797 - cp's OEIS frontend

A028242 Follow n+1 by n. Also (essentially) Molien series of 2-dimensional quaternion group Q_8.

1, 0, 2, 1, 3, 2, 4, 3, 5, 4, 6, 5, 7, 6, 8, 7, 9, 8, 10, 9, 11, 10, 12, 11, 13, 12, 14, 13, 15, 14, 16, 15, 17, 16, 18, 17, 19, 18, 20, 19, 21, 20, 22, 21, 23, 22, 24, 23, 25, 24, 26, 25, 27, 26, 28, 27, 29, 28, 30, 29, 31, 30, 32, 31, 33, 32, 34, 33, 35, 34, 36, 35, 37, 36, 38

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

A two-way infinite sequences which is palindromic (up to sign). - Michael Somos, Mar 21 2003
Number of permutations of [n+1] avoiding the patterns 123, 132 and 231 and having exactly one fixed point. Example: a(0) because we have 1; a(2)=2 because we have 213 and 321; a(3)=1 because we have 3214. - Emeric Deutsch, Nov 17 2005
The ring of invariants for the standard action of Quaternions on C^2 is generated by x^4 + y^4, x^2 * y^2, and x * y * (x^4 - y^4). - Michael Somos, Mar 14 2011
A000027 and A001477 interleaved. - Omar E. Pol, Feb 06 2012
First differences are A168361, extended by an initial -1. (Or: a(n)-a(n-1) = A168361(n+1), for all n >= 1.) - M. F. Hasler, Oct 05 2017
Also the number of unlabeled simple graphs with n + 1 vertices and exactly n endpoints (vertices of degree 1). The labeled version is A327370. - Gus Wiseman, Sep 06 2019

			G.f. = 1 + 2*x^2 + x^3 + 3*x^4 + 2*x^5 + 4*x^6 + 3*x^7 + 5*x^8 + 4*x^9 + 6*x^10 + 5*x^11 + ...
Molien g.f. = 1 + 2*t^4 + t^6 + 3*t^8 + 2*t^10 + 4*t^12 + 3*t^14 + 5*t^16 + 4*t^18 + 6*t^20 + ...

D. Benson, Polynomial Invariants of Finite Groups, Cambridge, p. 23.
S. Mukai, An Introduction to Invariants and Moduli, Cambridge, 2003; see p. 15.
M. D. Neusel and L. Smith, Invariant Theory of Finite Groups, Amer. Math. Soc., 2002; see p. 97.
L. Smith, Polynomial Invariants of Finite Groups, A K Peters, 1995, p. 90.

Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
Paul Barry, On a Central Transform of Integer Sequences, arXiv:2004.04577 [math.CO], 2020.
H. W. Gould, The inverse of a finite series and a third-order recurrent sequence, Fibonacci Quart. 44 (2006), no. 4, 302-315. See page 311.
T. Mansour and A. Robertson, Refined restricted permutations avoiding subsets of patterns of length three, Annals of Combinatorics, 6, 2002, 407-418 (Theorem 3.3).
MathOverflow, A question about an application of Molien's formula to find the generators and relations of an invariant ring.
Gus Wiseman, The a(3) = 2 through a(7) = 4 graphs with exactly n - 1 endpoints.
Index entries for Molien series.
Index entries for two-way infinite sequences.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (1,1,-1).

Cf. A000124 (a=1, a=n+a), A028242 (a=1, a=n-a).
Partial sums give A004652. A030451(n)=a(n+1), n>0.
Cf. A052938 (same sequence except no leading 1,0,2).
Cf. A000027, A001477.
Column k = n - 1 of A327371.
Cf. A000035, A004526, A004110, A059167, A109613, A110654, A110657, A110658, A110660, A168361, A245797, A327227, A327369, A327370, A327377.

a:=[1];; for n in [2..80] do a[n]:=(n-1)-a[n-1]; od; a; # Muniru A Asiru, Dec 16 2018

import Data.List (transpose)
a028242 n = n' + 1 - m where (n',m) = divMod n 2
a028242_list = concat $ transpose [a000027_list, a001477_list]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 27 2012

&cat[ [n+1, n]: n in [0..37] ]; // Klaus Brockhaus, Nov 23 2009

series((1+x^3)/(1-x^2)^2,x,80);
A028242:=n->floor((n+1+(-1)^n)/2): seq(A028242(n), n=0..100); # Wesley Ivan Hurt, Mar 17 2015

Table[(1 + 2 n + 3 (-1)^n)/4, {n, 0, 74}] (* or *)
LinearRecurrence[{1, 1, -1}, {1, 0, 2}, 75] (* or *)
CoefficientList[Series[(1 - x + x^2)/((1 - x) (1 - x^2)), {x, 0, 74}], x] (* Michael De Vlieger, May 21 2017 *)
Table[{n,n-1},{n,40}]//Flatten (* Harvey P. Dale, Jun 26 2017 *)
Table[3*floor(n/2)-n+1,{n,0,40}] (* Pierre-Alain Sallard, Dec 15 2018 *)

{a(n) = (n\2) - (n%2) + 1} \\ Michael Somos, Oct 02 1999

A028242(n)=n\2+!bittest(n,0) \\ M. F. Hasler, Oct 05 2017

s=((1+x^3)/(1-x^2)^2).series(x, 80); s.coefficients(x, sparse=False) # G. C. Greubel, Dec 16 2018

Expansion of the Molien series for standard action of Quaternions on C^2: (1 + t^6) / (1 - t^4)^2 = (1 - t^12) / ((1 - t^4)^2 * (1 - t^6)) in powers of t^2.
Euler transform of length 6 sequence [0, 2, 1, 0, 0, -1]. - Michael Somos, Mar 14 2011
a(n) = n - a(n-1) [with a(0) = 1] = A000035(n-1) + A004526(n). - Henry Bottomley, Jul 25 2001
G.f.: (1 - x + x^2) / ((1 - x) * (1 - x^2)) = ( 1+x^2-x ) / ( (1+x)*(x-1)^2 ).
a(2*n) = n + 1, a(2*n + 1) = n, a(-1 - n) = -a(n).
a(n) = a(n - 1) + a(n - 2) - a(n - 3).
a(n) = floor(n/2) + 1 - n mod 2. a(2*k) = k+1, a(2*k+1) = k; A110657(n) = a(a(n)), A110658(n) = a(a(a(n))); a(n) = A109613(n)-A110654(n) = A110660(n)/A110654(n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 05 2005
a(n) = 2*floor(n/2) - floor((n-1)/2). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Oct 22 2013
a(n) = floor((n+1+(-1)^n)/2). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Mar 15 2015
a(n) = (1 + 2n + 3(-1)^n)/4. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Mar 18 2015
a(n) = Sum_{i=1..floor(n/2)} floor(n/(n-i)) for n > 0. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, May 21 2017
a(2n) = n+1, a(2n+1) = n, for all n >= 0. - M. F. Hasler, Oct 05 2017
a(n) = 3*floor(n/2) - n + 1. - Pierre-Alain Sallard, Dec 15 2018
E.g.f.: ((2 + x)*cosh(x) + (x - 1)*sinh(x))/2. - Stefano Spezia, Aug 01 2022
Sum_{n>=2} (-1)^(n+1)/a(n) = 1. - Amiram Eldar, Oct 04 2022

First part of definition adjusted to match offset by Klaus Brockhaus, Nov 23 2009

A327227 Number of labeled simple graphs covering n vertices with at least one endpoint/leaf.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 3, 31, 515, 15381, 834491, 83016613, 15330074139, 5324658838645, 3522941267488973, 4489497643961740521, 11119309286377621015089, 53893949089393110881259181, 513788884660608277842596504415, 9669175277199248753133328740702449

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Sep 01 2019

nonn

Covering means there are no isolated vertices.
A leaf is an edge containing a vertex that does not belong to any other edge, while an endpoint is a vertex belonging to only one edge.
Also graphs with minimum vertex-degree 1.

			The a(4) = 31 edge-sets:
  {12,34}  {12,13,14}  {12,13,14,23}
  {13,24}  {12,13,24}  {12,13,14,24}
  {14,23}  {12,13,34}  {12,13,14,34}
           {12,14,23}  {12,13,23,24}
           {12,14,34}  {12,13,23,34}
           {12,23,24}  {12,14,23,24}
           {12,23,34}  {12,14,24,34}
           {12,24,34}  {12,23,24,34}
           {13,14,23}  {13,14,23,34}
           {13,14,24}  {13,14,24,34}
           {13,23,24}  {13,23,24,34}
           {13,23,34}  {14,23,24,34}
           {13,24,34}
           {14,23,24}
           {14,23,34}
           {14,24,34}

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..50

Column k=1 of A327366.
The non-covering version is A245797.
The unlabeled version is A324693.
The generalization to set-systems is A327229.
BII-numbers of set-systems with minimum degree 1 are A327105.
Cf. A001187, A006129, A059166, A059167, A100743, A136284, A327079, A327098, A327103, A327228, A327230.

Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{2}]],Union@@#==Range[n]&&Min@@Length/@Split[Sort[Join@@#]]==1&]],{n,0,5}]

Inverse binomial transform of A245797, if we assume A245797(0) = 0.

A100743 Number of labeled n-vertex graphs without vertices of degree <=1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 0, 1, 10, 253, 12068, 1052793, 169505868, 51046350021, 29184353055900, 32122563615242615, 68867440268165982320, 290155715157676330952559, 2417761590648159731258579164, 40013923822242935823157820555477, 1318910080336893719646370269435043184

Offset: 0

Goran Kilibarda, Zoran Maksimovic, Vladeta Jovovic, Jan 03 2005

nonn

			From _Gus Wiseman_, Aug 18 2019: (Start)
The a(4) = 10 edge-sets:
  {12,13,24,34}
  {12,14,23,34}
  {13,14,23,24}
  {12,13,14,23,24}
  {12,13,14,23,34}
  {12,13,14,24,34}
  {12,13,23,24,34}
  {12,14,23,24,34}
  {13,14,23,24,34}
  {12,13,14,23,24,34}
(End)

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..50

Graphs without isolated nodes are A006129.
The connected case is A059166.
Graphs without endpoints are A059167.
Labeled graphs with endpoints are A245797.
The unlabeled version is A261919.
Cf. A095983, A136284, A322395, A327079, A327107, A327227, A327229, A327230.
Cf. A095983, A322395.

m = 13;
egf = Exp[-x + x^2/2]*Sum[2^(n (n-1)/2)*(x/Exp[x])^n/n!, {n, 0, m+1}];
s = egf + O[x]^(m+1);
a[n_] := n!*SeriesCoefficient[s, n];
Table[a[n], {n, 0, m}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Feb 23 2019 *)
Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{2}]],Union@@#==Range[n]&&Min@@Length/@Split[Sort[Join@@#]]>1&]],{n,0,4}] (* Gus Wiseman, Aug 18 2019 *)

seq(n)={Vec(serlaplace(exp(-x + x^2/2 + O(x*x^n))*sum(k=0, n, 2^(k*(k-1)/2)*(x/exp(x + O(x^n)))^k/k!)))} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Sep 04 2019

E.g.f.: exp(-x+x^2/2)*(Sum_{n>=0} 2^(n*(n-1)/2)*(x/exp(x))^n/n!). - Vladeta Jovovic, Jan 26 2006
Exponential transform of A059166. - Gus Wiseman, Aug 18 2019
Inverse binomial transform of A059167. - Gus Wiseman, Sep 02 2019

Terms a(14) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Sep 04 2019

A327369 Triangle read by rows where T(n,k) is the number of labeled simple graphs with n vertices and exactly k endpoints (vertices of degree 1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 6, 0, 15, 12, 30, 4, 3, 314, 320, 260, 80, 50, 0, 13757, 10890, 5445, 1860, 735, 66, 15, 1142968, 640836, 228564, 64680, 16800, 2772, 532, 0, 178281041, 68362504, 17288852, 3666600, 702030, 115416, 17892, 1016, 105

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Sep 04 2019

			Triangle begins:
      1
      1     0
      1     0     1
      2     0     6     0
     15    12    30     4     3
    314   320   260    80    50     0
  13757 10890  5445  1860   735    66    15

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1325

Row sums are A006125.
Row sums without the first column are A245797.
Column k = 0 is A059167.
Column k = 1 is A277072.
Column k = 2 is A277073.
Column k = 3 is A277074.
Column k = n is A123023.
Column k = n - 1 is A327370.
The unlabeled version is A327371.
The covering version is A327377.
Cf. A004110, A055302, A055314, A059166, A059167, A100743, A327227, A327228, A327362, A327364.

Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{2}]],Count[Length/@Split[Sort[Join@@#]],1]==k&]],{n,0,5},{k,0,n}]

Row(n)={ \\ R, U, B are e.g.f. of A055302, A055314, A059167.
  my(R=sum(n=1, n, x^n*sum(k=1, n, stirling(n-1, n-k, 2)*y^k/k!)) + O(x*x^n));
  my(U=sum(n=2, n, x^n*sum(k=1, n, stirling(n-2, n-k, 2)*y^k/k!)) + O(x*x^n));
  my(B=x^2/2 + log(sum(k=0, n, 2^binomial(k, 2)*(x*exp(-x + O(x^n)))^k/k!)));
  my(A=exp(x + U + subst(B-x, x, x*(1-y) + R)));
  Vecrev(n!*polcoef(A, n), n + 1);
}
{ for(n=0, 8, print(Row(n))) } \\ Andrew Howroyd, Oct 05 2019

Column-wise binomial transform of A327377.

E.g.f.: exp(x + U(x,y) + B(x*(1-y) + R(x,y))), where R(x,y) is the e.g.f. of A055302, U(x,y) is the e.g.f. of A055314 and B(x) + x is the e.g.f. of A059167. - Andrew Howroyd, Oct 05 2019

Terms a(28) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Sep 09 2019

A327229 Number of set-systems covering n vertices with at least one endpoint/leaf.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 4, 50, 3069, 2521782, 412169726428, 4132070622008664529903, 174224571863520492185852863478334475199686, 133392486801388257127953774730008469744261637221272599199572772174870315402893538

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Sep 01 2019

nonn

Covering means there are no isolated vertices.
A set-system is a finite set of finite nonempty sets. Elements of a set-system are sometimes called edges. A leaf is an edge containing a vertex that does not belong to any other edge, while an endpoint is a vertex belonging to only one edge.
Also covering set-systems with minimum vertex-degree 1.

			The a(2) = 4 set-systems:
  {{1,2}}
  {{1},{2}}
  {{1},{1,2}}
  {{2},{1,2}}

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..12

The non-covering version is A327228.
The specialization to simple graphs is A327227.
The unlabeled version is A327230.
BII-numbers of these set-systems are A327105.
Cf. A003465, A245797, A327079, A327098, A327103, A327107, A327197.

Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,n}]],Union@@#==Range[n]&&Min@@Length/@Split[Sort[Join@@#]]==1&]],{n,0,3}]

Inverse binomial transform of A327228.

Terms a(5) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Jan 21 2023

A327105 BII-numbers of set-systems with minimum degree 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 46, 48, 49, 50, 56, 57, 58, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 80, 81, 88, 89, 96, 98, 104, 106, 128

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Aug 26 2019

nonn

A binary index of n is any position of a 1 in its reversed binary expansion. The binary indices of n are row n of A048793. We define the set-system with BII-number n to be obtained by taking the binary indices of each binary index of n. Every set-system (finite set of finite nonempty sets) has a different BII-number. For example, 18 has reversed binary expansion (0,1,0,0,1), and since the binary indices of 2 and 5 are {2} and {1,3} respectively, the BII-number of {{2},{1,3}} is 18. Elements of a set-system are sometimes called edges.

In a set-system, the degree of a vertex is the number of edges containing it.

			The sequence of all set-systems with minimum degree 1 together with their BII-numbers begins:
   1: {{1}}
   2: {{2}}
   3: {{1},{2}}
   4: {{1,2}}
   5: {{1},{1,2}}
   6: {{2},{1,2}}
   8: {{3}}
   9: {{1},{3}}
  10: {{2},{3}}
  11: {{1},{2},{3}}
  12: {{1,2},{3}}
  13: {{1},{1,2},{3}}
  14: {{2},{1,2},{3}}
  15: {{1},{2},{1,2},{3}}
  16: {{1,3}}
  17: {{1},{1,3}}
  18: {{2},{1,3}}
  19: {{1},{2},{1,3}}
  20: {{1,2},{1,3}}
  21: {{1},{1,2},{1,3}}

Positions of 1's in A327103.
BII-numbers for minimum degree > 1 are A327107.
Graphs with minimum degree 1 are counted by A245797, with covering case A327227.
Set-systems with minimum degree 1 are counted by A327228, with covering case A327229.
Cf. A000120, A029931, A048793, A058891, A070939, A326031, A326701, A326786, A327041, A327104, A327230.

bpe[n_]:=Join@@Position[Reverse[IntegerDigits[n,2]],1];
Select[Range[0,100],If[#==0,0,Min@@Length/@Split[Sort[Join@@bpe/@bpe[#]]]]==1&]

A327230 Number of non-isomorphic set-systems covering n vertices with at least one endpoint/leaf.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 3, 14, 198

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Sep 01 2019

A set-system is a finite set of finite nonempty sets. Elements of a set-system are sometimes called edges. A leaf is an edge containing a vertex that does not belong to any other edge, while an endpoint is a vertex belonging to only one edge.

Also covering set-systems with minimum vertex-degree 1.

			Non-isomorphic representatives of the a(1) = 1 through a(3) = 14 set-systems:
  {{1}}  {{1,2}}      {{1,2,3}}
         {{1},{2}}    {{1},{2,3}}
         {{2},{1,2}}  {{1},{2},{3}}
                      {{1,3},{2,3}}
                      {{3},{1,2,3}}
                      {{1},{3},{2,3}}
                      {{2,3},{1,2,3}}
                      {{2},{1,3},{2,3}}
                      {{2},{3},{1,2,3}}
                      {{3},{1,3},{2,3}}
                      {{1},{2},{3},{2,3}}
                      {{3},{2,3},{1,2,3}}
                      {{2},{3},{1,3},{2,3}}
                      {{2},{3},{2,3},{1,2,3}}

Unlabeled covering set-systems are A055621.
The labeled version is A327229.
The non-covering version is A327335 (partial sums).
Cf. A002494, A245797, A261919, A283877, A327103, A327105, A327197, A327227, A327228.

A327228 Number of set-systems with n vertices and at least one endpoint/leaf.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 6, 65, 3297, 2537672, 412184904221, 4132070624893905681577, 174224571863520492218909428465944685216436, 133392486801388257127953774730008469745829658368044283629394202488602260177922751

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Sep 01 2019

nonn

A set-system is a finite set of finite nonempty sets. Elements of a set-system are sometimes called edges. A leaf is an edge containing a vertex that does not belong to any other edge, while an endpoint is a vertex belonging to only one edge.

Also set-systems with minimum covered vertex-degree 1.

			The a(2) = 6 set-systems:
  {{1}}
  {{2}}
  {{1,2}}
  {{1},{2}}
  {{1},{1,2}}
  {{2},{1,2}}

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..12

The covering version is A327229.
The specialization to simple graphs is A245797.
BII-numbers of these set-systems are A327105.
Cf. A058891, A059167, A327098, A327103, A327104, A327107, A327197, A327227, A327230, A330059.

Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,n}]],Min@@Length/@Split[Sort[Join@@#]]==1&]],{n,0,4}]

Binomial transform of A327229.

a(n) = A058891(n+1) - A330059(n). - Andrew Howroyd, Jan 21 2023

Terms a(5) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Jan 21 2023

A327371 Triangle read by rows where T(n,k) is the number of unlabeled simple graphs with n vertices and exactly k endpoints (vertices of degree 1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 0, 5, 1, 3, 1, 1, 16, 6, 7, 2, 3, 0, 78, 35, 25, 8, 7, 2, 1, 588, 260, 126, 40, 20, 6, 4, 0, 8047, 2934, 968, 263, 92, 25, 13, 3, 1, 205914, 53768, 11752, 2434, 596, 140, 47, 12, 5, 0, 10014882, 1707627, 240615, 34756, 5864, 1084, 256, 58, 21, 4, 1

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Sep 04 2019

			Triangle begins:
     1;
     1,    0;
     1,    0,   1;
     2,    0,   2,   0;
     5,    1,   3,   1,  1;
    16,    6,   7,   2,  3,  0;
    78,   35,  25,   8,  7,  2,  1;
   588,  260, 126,  40, 20,  6,  4, 0;
  8047, 2934, 968, 263, 92, 25, 13, 3, 1;
  ...

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1325 (rows 0..50)
Gus Wiseman, The graphs counted in row 5 (isolated vertices not shown).

Row sums are A000088.
Row sums without the first column are A141580.
Columns k = 0..2 are A004110, A325115, A325125.
Column k = n is A059841.
Column k = n - 1 is A028242.
The labeled version is A327369.
The covering case is A327372.
Cf. A055540, A059167, A245797, A294217, A327227, A327370.

permcount(v) = {my(m=1, s=0, k=0, t); for(i=1, #v, t=v[i]; k=if(i>1&&t==v[i-1], k+1, 1); m*=t*k; s+=t); s!/m}
edges(v) = {sum(i=2, #v, sum(j=1, i-1, gcd(v[i], v[j]))) + sum(i=1, #v, v[i]\2)}
G(n)={sum(k=0, n, my(s=0); forpart(p=k, s+=permcount(p) * 2^edges(p) * prod(i=1, #p, (1 - x^p[i])/(1 - (x*y)^p[i]) + O(x*x^(n-k)))); x^k*s/k!)*(1-x^2*y)/(1-x^2*y^2)}
T(n)={my(v=Vec(G(n))); vector(#v, n, Vecrev(v[n], n))}
my(A=T(10)); for(n=1, #A, print(A[n])) \\ Andrew Howroyd, Jan 22 2021

Column-wise partial sums of A327372.

Terms a(21) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Sep 05 2019

A141580 Number of unlabeled non-mating graphs with n vertices.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 6, 18, 78, 456, 4299, 68754, 1990286, 106088988, 10454883132, 1904236651216, 641859005526860, 401547534010157680, 467956331904669136874, 1019785644052109276678788, 4171197546082606538129623140

Offset: 1

Tanya Khovanova, Aug 19 2008

nonn

a(n) is the difference between A000088 (number of graphs on n unlabeled nodes) and A004110 (number of n-node graphs without endpoints)
A non-mating graph has two vertices with an identical set of neighbors.
The adjacency matrix of a non-mating graph is degenerate.
Also the number of unlabeled graphs with n vertices and at least one endpoint. - Gus Wiseman, Sep 11 2019

			A cycle with 4 vertices is a non-mating graph. In the standard ordering of vertices, vertices 1 and 3 are both connected to vertices 2 an 4, thus having an identical sets of neighbors.
From _Gus Wiseman_, Sep 11 2019: (Start)
Non-isomorphic representatives of the a(2) = 1 through a(5) non-mating graph edge-sets:
  {12}  {12}     {12}           {12}
        {13,23}  {12,34}        {12,34}
                 {13,23}        {13,23}
                 {13,24,34}     {12,35,45}
                 {14,24,34}     {13,24,34}
                 {14,23,24,34}  {14,24,34}
                                {12,34,35,45}
                                {13,24,35,45}
                                {14,23,24,34}
                                {14,25,35,45}
                                {15,25,35,45}
                                {12,25,34,35,45}
                                {14,25,34,35,45}
                                {15,23,24,35,45}
                                {15,25,34,35,45}
                                {13,24,25,34,35,45}
                                {15,24,25,34,35,45}
                                {15,23,24,25,34,35,45}
(End)

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..50
Ronald C. Read, The enumeration of mating-type graphs, Report CORR 89-38, Dept. Combinatorics and Optimization, Univ. Waterloo, 1989.
Gus Wiseman, The a(1) = 1 through a(5) = 18 non-mating graphs (isolated vertices not shown).
Gus Wiseman, The a(1) = 1 through a(5) = 18 graphs with at least one endpoint (isolated vertices not shown).

The labeled version is A327379.

Cf. A000088, A004110, A028242, A059167, A245797, A327335, A327371.

k = {}; For[i = 1, i < 8, i++, lg = ListGraphs[i] ; len = Length[lg]; k = Append[k, Length[Select[Range[len], Length[Union[ToAdjacencyMatrix[lg[[ # ]]]]] != i &]]]]; k

a(n) = A000088(n) - A004110(n).

Extended by R. J. Mathar, Sep 12 2008

cp's OEIS Frontend

A028242 Follow n+1 by n. Also (essentially) Molien series of 2-dimensional quaternion group Q_8.

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A327227 Number of labeled simple graphs covering n vertices with at least one endpoint/leaf.

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A100743 Number of labeled n-vertex graphs without vertices of degree <=1.

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A327369 Triangle read by rows where T(n,k) is the number of labeled simple graphs with n vertices and exactly k endpoints (vertices of degree 1).

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A327229 Number of set-systems covering n vertices with at least one endpoint/leaf.

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A327105 BII-numbers of set-systems with minimum degree 1.

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A327230 Number of non-isomorphic set-systems covering n vertices with at least one endpoint/leaf.

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