cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

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A035324 A convolution triangle of numbers, generalizing Pascal's triangle A007318.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 1, 10, 6, 1, 35, 29, 9, 1, 126, 130, 57, 12, 1, 462, 562, 312, 94, 15, 1, 1716, 2380, 1578, 608, 140, 18, 1, 6435, 9949, 7599, 3525, 1045, 195, 21, 1, 24310, 41226, 35401, 19044, 6835, 1650, 259, 24, 1, 92378, 169766, 161052, 97954, 40963, 12021, 2450
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Replacing each '2' in the recurrence by '1' produces Pascal's triangle A007318(n-1,m-1). The columns appear as A001700, A008549, A045720, A045894, A035330, ...
Triangle T(n,k), 1 <= k <= n, given by (0, 3/1, 1/3, 5/3, 3/5, 7/5, 5/7, 9/7, 7/9, 11/9, 9/11, ...) DELTA (1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ...) where DELTA is the operator defined in A084938. - Philippe Deléham, Jan 28 2012
Riordan array (1, c(x)/sqrt(1-4x)) where c(x) = g.f. for Catalan numbers A000108, first column (k = 0) omitted. - Philippe Deléham, Jan 28 2012

Examples

			Triangle begins:
    1;
    3,   1;
   10,   6,   1;
   35,  29,   9,   1;
  126, 130,  57,  12,   1;
  462, 562, 312,  94,  15,   1;
Triangle (0, 3, 1/3, 5/3, 3/5, ...) DELTA (1,0,0,0,0,0, ...) has an additional first column (1,0,0,...).
		

Crossrefs

Row sums: A049027(n), n >= 1.
Alternating row sums give A000108 (Catalan numbers).
If offset 0 (n >= m >= 0): convolution triangle based on A001700 (central binomial coeffs. of odd order).

Programs

  • Haskell
    a035324 n k = a035324_tabl !! (n-1) !! (k-1)
    a035324_row n = a035324_tabl !! (n-1)
    a035324_tabl = map snd $ iterate f (1, [1]) where
       f (i, xs)  = (i + 1, map (`div` (i + 1)) $
          zipWith (+) ((map (* 2) $ zipWith (*) [2 * i + 1 ..] xs) ++ [0])
                      ([0] ++ zipWith (*) [2 ..] xs))
    -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jun 30 2013
    
  • Mathematica
    a[n_, m_] /; n >= m >= 1 := a[n, m] = 2*(2*(n-1) + m)*(a[n-1, m]/n) + m*(a[n-1, m-1]/n); a[n_, m_] /; n < m = 0; a[n_, 0] = 0; a[1, 1] = 1; Flatten[ Table[ a[n, m], {n, 1, 10}, {m, 1, n}]] (* Jean-François Alcover, Feb 21 2012, from first formula *)
  • Sage
    @cached_function
    def T(n, k):
        if n == 0: return n^k
        return sum(binomial(2*i-1, i)*T(n-1, k-i) for i in (1..k-n+1))
    A035324 = lambda n,k: T(k, n)
    for n in (1..8): print([A035324(n, k) for k in (1..n)]) # Peter Luschny, Aug 16 2016

Formula

a(n+1, m) = 2*(2*n+m)*a(n, m)/(n+1) + m*a(n, m-1)/(n+1), n >= m >= 1; a(n, m) := 0, n
G.f. for column m: ((x*c(x)/sqrt(1-4*x))^m)/x, where c(x) = g.f. for Catalan numbers A000108.
a(n, m) =: s2(3; n, m).
With offset 0 (0 <= k <= n), T(n,k) = Sum_{j>=0} A039598(n,j)*binomial(j,k). - Philippe Deléham, Mar 30 2007
T(n+1,n) = 3*n = A008585(n).
T(n,k) = T(n-1,k-1) + 3*T(n-1,k) + Sum_{i>=0} T(n-1,k+1+i)*(-1)^i. - Philippe Deléham, Feb 23 2012
T(n,m) = Sum_{k=m..n} k*binomial(k-1,k-m)*2^(k-m)*binomial(2*n-k-1,n-k)/n. - Vladimir Kruchinin, Aug 07 2013

A274230 Number of holes in a sheet of paper when you fold it n times and cut off the four corners.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 3, 9, 21, 49, 105, 225, 465, 961, 1953, 3969, 8001, 16129, 32385, 65025, 130305, 261121, 522753, 1046529, 2094081, 4190209, 8382465, 16769025, 33542145, 67092481, 134193153, 268402689, 536821761, 1073676289, 2147385345
Offset: 0

Author

Philippe Gibone, Jun 15 2016

Keywords

Comments

The folds are always made so the longer side becomes the shorter side.
We could have counted not only the holes but also all the notches: 4, 6, 9, 15, 25, 45, 81, 153, 289, ... which has the formula a(n) = (2^ceiling(n/2) + 1) * (2^floor(n/2) + 1) and appears to match the sequence A183978. - Philippe Gibone, Jul 06 2016
The same sequence (0,0,1,3,9,21,49,...) turns up when you start with an isosceles right triangular piece of paper and repeatedly fold it in half, snipping corners as you go. Is there an easy way to see why the two questions have the same answer? - James Propp, Jul 05 2016
Reply from Tom Karzes, Jul 05 2016: (Start)
This case seems a little more complicated than the rectangular case, since with the triangle you alternate between horizontal/vertical folds vs. diagonal folds, and the resulting fold pattern is more complex, but I think the basic argument is essentially the same.
Note that with the triangle, the first hole doesn't appear until after you've made 3 folds, so if you start counting at zero folds, you have three leading zeros in the sequence: 0,0,0,1,3,9,21,... (End)
Also the number of subsets of {1,2,...,n} that contain both even and odd numbers. For example, a(3)=3 and the 3 subsets are {1,2}, {2,3}, {1,2,3}; a(4)=9 and the 9 subsets are {1,2}, {1,4}, {2,3}, {3,4}, {1,2,3}, {1,2,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4}. (See comments in A052551 for the number of subsets of {1,2,...,n} that contain only odd and even numbers.) - Enrique Navarrete, Mar 26 2018
Also the number of integer compositions of n + 1 with an odd part other than the first or last. The complementary compositions are counted by A052955(n>0) = A027383(n) + 1. - Gus Wiseman, Feb 05 2022
Also the number of unit squares in the (n+1)-st iteration in the version of the dragon curve where the rotation directions alternate, so that any clockwise rotation is followed by a counterclockwise rotation, and vice versa (see image link below). - Talmon Silver, May 09 2023

Crossrefs

See A274626, A274627 for the three- and higher-dimensional analogs.
This is the main diagonal of A274635.
Counting fold lines instead of holes gives A027383.
Bisections are A060867 (even) and A134057 (odd).

Programs

Formula

u(0) = 0; v(0) = 0; u(n+1) = v(n); v(n+1) = 2u(n) + 1; a(n) = u(n)*v(n).
a(n) = (2^ceiling(n/2) - 1)*(2^floor(n/2) - 1).
Proof from Tom Karzes, Jul 05 2016: (Start)
Let r be the number of times you fold along one axis and s be the number of times you fold along the other axis. So r is ceiling(n/2) and s is floor(n/2), where n is the total number of folds.
When unfolded, the resulting paper has been divided into a grid of (2^r) by (2^s) rectangles. The interior grid lines will have diamond-shaped holes where they intersect (assuming diagonal cuts).
There are (2^r-1) internal grid lines along one axis and (2^s-1) along the other. The total number of internal grid line intersections is therefore (2^r-1)*(2^s-1), or (2^ceiling(n/2)-1)*(2^floor(n/2)-1) as claimed. (End)
From Colin Barker, Jun 22 2016, revised by N. J. A. Sloane, Jul 05 2016: (Start)
It follows that:
a(n) = (2^(n/2)-1)^2 for n even, a(n) = 2^n+1-3*2^((n-1)/2) for n odd.
a(n) = 3*a(n-1)-6*a(n-3)+4*a(n-4) for n>3.
G.f.: x^2 / ((1-x)*(1-2*x)*(1-2*x^2)).
a(n) = (1+2^n-2^((n-3)/2)*(3-3*(-1)^n+2*sqrt(2)+2*(-1)^n*sqrt(2))). (End)
a(n) = A000225(n) - 2*A052955(n-2) for n > 1. - Yuchun Ji, Nov 19 2018
a(n) = A079667(2^(n-1)) for n >= 1. - J. M. Bergot, Jan 18 2021
a(n) = 2^(n-1) - A052955(n) = 2^(n-1) - A027383(n) - 1. - Gus Wiseman, Jan 29 2022
E.g.f.: cosh(x) + cosh(2*x) - 2*cosh(sqrt(2)*x) + sinh(x) + sinh(2*x) - 3*sinh(sqrt(2)*x)/sqrt(2). - Stefano Spezia, Apr 06 2022

A346633 Sum of even-indexed parts (even bisection) of the n-th composition in standard order.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 4, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 4, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 2, 5, 4, 3, 4, 2, 3, 4, 3, 1, 2, 3, 2, 4, 3, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 4, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 2, 5, 4, 3, 4, 2, 3, 4
Offset: 0

Author

Gus Wiseman, Aug 01 2021

Keywords

Comments

The k-th composition in standard order (graded reverse-lexicographic, A066099) is obtained by taking the set of positions of 1's in the reversed binary expansion of k, prepending 0, taking first differences, and reversing again. This gives a bijective correspondence between nonnegative integers and integer compositions.

Examples

			Composition number 741 in standard order is (2,1,1,3,2,1), so a(741) = 1 + 3 + 1 = 5.
		

Crossrefs

Including odd-indexed parts gives A029837.
Subtracting from the odd version gives A124754.
Positions of zeros are A131577.
The odd-indexed version is A209281(n+1).
The version for prime indices is A346698 (reverse: A346700).
A000120 and A080791 count binary digits 1 and 0, with difference A145037.
A011782 counts compositions.
A056239 adds up prime indices, row sums of A112798.
A097805 counts compositions by alternating (or reverse-alternating) sum.
A316524 gives the alternating sum of prime indices (reverse: A344616).
A325534 counts separable partitions, ranked by A335433.
A325535 counts inseparable partitions, ranked by A335448.
A345197 counts compositions by sum, length, and alternating sum.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    stc[n_]:=Differences[Prepend[Join@@Position[Reverse[IntegerDigits[n,2]],1],0]]//Reverse;
    Table[Total[Last/@Partition[Append[stc[n],0],2]],{n,0,100}]

Formula

a(n) = (A029837(n) - A124754(n))/2.
a(n) = A029837(n) - A209281(n + 1).
a(n) = A124754(n) + A209281(n + 1).

A345908 Traces of the matrices (A345197) counting integer compositions by length and alternating sum.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 0, 1, 3, 3, 6, 15, 24, 43, 92, 171, 315, 629, 1218, 2313, 4523, 8835, 17076, 33299, 65169
Offset: 0

Author

Gus Wiseman, Jul 26 2021

Keywords

Comments

The matrices (A345197) count the integer compositions of n of length k with alternating sum i, where 1 <= k <= n, and i ranges from -n + 2 to n in steps of 2. Here, the alternating sum of a sequence (y_1,...,y_k) is Sum_i (-1)^(i-1) y_i. So a(n) is the number of compositions of n of length (n + s)/2, where s is the alternating sum of the composition.

Examples

			The a(0) = 1 through a(7) = 15 compositions of n = 0..7 of length (n + s)/2 where s = alternating sum (empty column indicated by dot):
  ()  (1)  .  (2,1)  (2,2)    (2,3)    (2,4)      (2,5)
                     (1,1,2)  (1,2,2)  (1,3,2)    (1,4,2)
                     (2,1,1)  (2,2,1)  (2,3,1)    (2,4,1)
                                       (1,1,3,1)  (1,1,3,2)
                                       (2,1,2,1)  (1,2,3,1)
                                       (3,1,1,1)  (2,1,2,2)
                                                  (2,2,2,1)
                                                  (3,1,1,2)
                                                  (3,2,1,1)
                                                  (1,1,1,1,3)
                                                  (1,1,2,1,2)
                                                  (1,1,3,1,1)
                                                  (2,1,1,1,2)
                                                  (2,1,2,1,1)
                                                  (3,1,1,1,1)
		

Crossrefs

Traces of the matrices given by A345197.
Diagonals and antidiagonals of the same matrices are A346632 and A345907.
Row sums of A346632.
A011782 counts compositions.
A097805 counts compositions by alternating (or reverse-alternating) sum.
A103919 counts partitions by sum and alternating sum (reverse: A344612).
A316524 gives the alternating sum of prime indices (reverse: A344616).
Other diagonals are A008277 of A318393 and A055884 of A320808.
Compositions of n, 2n, or 2n+1 with alternating/reverse-alternating sum k:
- k = 0: counted by A088218, ranked by A344619/A344619.
- k = 1: counted by A000984, ranked by A345909/A345911.
- k = -1: counted by A001791, ranked by A345910/A345912.
- k = 2: counted by A088218, ranked by A345925/A345922.
- k = -2: counted by A002054, ranked by A345924/A345923.
- k >= 0: counted by A116406, ranked by A345913/A345914.
- k <= 0: counted by A058622(n-1), ranked by A345915/A345916.
- k > 0: counted by A027306, ranked by A345917/A345918.
- k < 0: counted by A294175, ranked by A345919/A345920.
- k != 0: counted by A058622, ranked by A345921/A345921.
- k even: counted by A081294, ranked by A053754/A053754.
- k odd: counted by A000302, ranked by A053738/A053738.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    ats[y_]:=Sum[(-1)^(i-1)*y[[i]],{i,Length[y]}];
    Table[Length[Select[Join@@Permutations/@IntegerPartitions[n],Length[#]==(n+ats[#])/2&]],{n,0,15}]

A348614 Numbers k such that the k-th composition in standard order has sum equal to twice its alternating sum.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 9, 11, 14, 130, 133, 135, 138, 141, 143, 148, 153, 155, 158, 168, 177, 179, 182, 188, 208, 225, 227, 230, 236, 248, 2052, 2057, 2059, 2062, 2066, 2069, 2071, 2074, 2077, 2079, 2084, 2089, 2091, 2094, 2098, 2101, 2103, 2106, 2109, 2111, 2120, 2129, 2131
Offset: 1

Author

Gus Wiseman, Oct 29 2021

Keywords

Comments

The k-th composition in standard order (graded reverse-lexicographic, A066099) is obtained by taking the set of positions of 1's in the reversed binary expansion of k, prepending 0, taking first differences, and reversing again. This gives a bijective correspondence between nonnegative integers and integer compositions.
The alternating sum of a sequence (y_1,...,y_k) is Sum_i (-1)^(i-1) y_i.

Examples

			The terms together with their binary indices begin:
    0: ()
    9: (3,1)
   11: (2,1,1)
   14: (1,1,2)
  130: (6,2)
  133: (5,2,1)
  135: (5,1,1,1)
  138: (4,2,2)
  141: (4,1,2,1)
  143: (4,1,1,1,1)
  148: (3,2,3)
  153: (3,1,3,1)
  155: (3,1,2,1,1)
  158: (3,1,1,1,2)
		

Crossrefs

The unordered case (partitions) is counted by A000712, reverse A006330.
These compositions are counted by A262977.
Except for 0, a subset of A345917 (which is itself a subset of A345913).
A000346 = even-length compositions with alt sum != 0, complement A001700.
A011782 counts compositions.
A025047 counts wiggly compositions, ranked by A345167.
A034871 counts compositions of 2n with alternating sum 2k.
A097805 counts compositions by alternating (or reverse-alternating) sum.
A103919 counts partitions by sum and alternating sum (reverse: A344612).
A116406 counts compositions with alternating sum >=0, ranked by A345913.
A138364 counts compositions with alternating sum 0, ranked by A344619.
A345197 counts compositions by length and alternating sum.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    ats[y_]:=Sum[(-1)^(i-1)*y[[i]],{i,Length[y]}];
    stc[n_]:=Differences[Prepend[Join@@Position[Reverse[IntegerDigits[n,2]],1],0]]//Reverse;
    Select[Range[0,1000],Total[stc[#]]==2*ats[stc[#]]&]

A344743 Number of integer partitions of 2n with reverse-alternating sum < 0.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 3, 7, 15, 29, 54, 96, 165, 275, 449, 716, 1123, 1732, 2635, 3955, 5871, 8620, 12536, 18065, 25821, 36617, 51560, 72105, 100204, 138417, 190134, 259772, 353134, 477734, 643354, 862604, 1151773, 1531738, 2029305, 2678650, 3523378, 4618835, 6035240, 7861292
Offset: 0

Author

Gus Wiseman, Jun 09 2021

Keywords

Comments

Conjecture: a(n) >= A236914.
The reverse-alternating sum of a partition (y_1,...,y_k) is Sum_i (-1)^(k-i) y_i. This is equal to (-1)^(m-1) times the number of odd parts in the conjugate partition, where m is the number of parts. So a(n) is the number of even-length partitions of 2n with at least one odd conjugate part. By conjugation, this is also the number of partitions of 2n with greatest part even and at least one odd part.
The alternating sum of a partition is never < 0, so the non-reverse version is A000004.

Examples

			The a(2) = 1 through a(5) = 15 partitions:
  (31)  (42)    (53)      (64)
        (51)    (62)      (73)
        (3111)  (71)      (82)
                (3221)    (91)
                (4211)    (3331)
                (5111)    (4222)
                (311111)  (4321)
                          (5221)
                          (5311)
                          (6211)
                          (7111)
                          (322111)
                          (421111)
                          (511111)
                          (31111111)
		

Crossrefs

The ordered version (compositions not partitions) appears to be A008549.
The Heinz numbers are A119899 /\ A300061.
Even bisection of A344608.
The complementary partitions of 2n are counted by A344611.
A000041 counts partitions of 2n with alternating sum 0, ranked by A000290.
A001523 counts unimodal compositions (partial sums: A174439).
A103919 counts partitions by sum and alternating sum (reverse: A344612).
A120452 counts partitions of 2n with rev-alt sum 2 (negative: A344741).
A124754 gives alternating sums of standard compositions (reverse: A344618).
A316524 is the alternating sum of the prime indices of n (reverse: A344616).
A325534/A325535 count separable/inseparable partitions.
A344610 counts partitions by sum and positive reverse-alternating sum.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    sats[y_] := Sum[(-1)^(i - Length[y])*y[[i]], {i, Length[y]}];
    Table[Length[Select[IntegerPartitions[n],sats[#]<0&]],{n,0,30,2}]

Formula

a(n) = A058696(n) - A344611(n).
a(n) = sum of left half of even-indexed rows of A344612.

Extensions

More terms from Bert Dobbelaere, Jun 12 2021

A347449 Number of integer partitions of n with reverse-alternating product > 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 5, 5, 10, 11, 20, 22, 37, 41, 66, 75, 113, 129, 190, 218, 310, 358, 497, 576, 782, 908, 1212, 1411, 1851, 2156, 2793, 3255, 4163, 4853, 6142, 7159, 8972, 10451, 12989, 15123, 18646, 21689, 26561, 30867, 37556, 43599, 52743, 61161, 73593
Offset: 0

Author

Gus Wiseman, Sep 16 2021

Keywords

Comments

All such partitions have odd length.
We define the alternating product of a sequence (y_1,...,y_k) to be Product_i y_i^((-1)^(i-1)). The reverse-alternating product is the alternating product of the reversed sequence.

Examples

			The a(2) = 1 through a(9) = 11 partitions:
  (2)  (3)  (4)    (5)    (6)      (7)      (8)        (9)
            (211)  (311)  (222)    (322)    (332)      (333)
                          (321)    (421)    (422)      (432)
                          (411)    (511)    (431)      (522)
                          (21111)  (31111)  (521)      (531)
                                            (611)      (621)
                                            (22211)    (711)
                                            (32111)    (32211)
                                            (41111)    (42111)
                                            (2111111)  (51111)
                                                       (3111111)
		

Crossrefs

The strict case is A067659, except that a(0) = a(1) = 0.
The even bisection is A236559.
The non-reverse multiplicative version is A339890, weak A347456.
The case of >= 1 instead of > 1 is A344607.
The opposite version is A344608, also the non-reverse even-length case.
The complement is counted by A347443, non-reverse A119620.
Allowing any integer reverse-alternating product gives A347445.
Allowing any integer alternating product gives A347446.
Reverse version of A347448; also the odd-length case.
The Heinz numbers of these partitions are the complement of A347450.
The multiplicative version (factorizations) is A347705.
A000041 counts partitions.
A027187 counts partitions of even length.
A027193 counts partitions of odd length.
A100824 counts partitions of n with alternating sum <= 1.
A103919 counts partitions by sum and alternating sum (reverse: A344612).
A347462 counts possible reverse-alternating products of partitions.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    altprod[q_]:=Product[q[[i]]^(-1)^(i-1),{i,Length[q]}];
    Table[Length[Select[IntegerPartitions[n],altprod[Reverse[#]]>1&]],{n,0,30}]

Formula

a(n) = A344607(n) - A119620(n).

A029760 A sum with next-to-central binomial coefficients of even order, Catalan related.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 8, 47, 244, 1186, 5536, 25147, 112028, 491870, 2135440, 9188406, 39249768, 166656772, 704069248, 2961699667, 12412521388, 51854046982, 216013684528, 897632738722, 3721813363288, 15401045060572, 63616796642368, 262357557683422, 1080387930269464
Offset: 0

Keywords

Comments

Proof by induction.
a(n) = total area below paths consisting of steps east (1,0) and north (0,1) from (0,0) to (n+2,n+2) that stay weakly below y=x. For example, the two paths with n=0 are
. _|.....|
The first has area 1 below it, the second area 0 and so a(0)=1. - David Callan, Dec 09 2004
Convolution of A000346 with A001700. - Philippe Deléham, May 19 2009

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Mathematica
    a[n_] := (n+3)^2 CatalanNumber[n+2]/2 - 2^(2n+3);
    Table[a[n], {n, 0, 23}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Sep 25 2018 *)

Formula

a(n) = 4^(n+1)*Sum_{k=1..n+1} binomial(2k, k-1)/4^k = ((n+3)^2)*C(n+2)/2-2^(2*n+3), C = Catalan. Also a(n+1)=4*a(n)+binomial(2(n+2), n+1).
G.f.: (d/dx)c(x)/(1-4*x), where c(x) = g.f. for Catalan numbers; convolution of A001791 and powers of 4. G.f. also c(x)^2/(1-4*x)^(3/2); convolution of Catalan numbers A000108 C(n), n >= 1, with A002457; convolution of A008549(n), n >= 1, with A000984 (central binomial coefficients).
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n+1} A039598(n+1,k)*k^2. - Philippe Deléham, Dec 16 2007

A100824 Number of partitions of n with at most one odd part.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 7, 5, 12, 7, 19, 11, 30, 15, 45, 22, 67, 30, 97, 42, 139, 56, 195, 77, 272, 101, 373, 135, 508, 176, 684, 231, 915, 297, 1212, 385, 1597, 490, 2087, 627, 2714, 792, 3506, 1002, 4508, 1255, 5763, 1575, 7338, 1958, 9296, 2436, 11732, 3010, 14742
Offset: 0

Author

Vladeta Jovovic, Jan 13 2005

Keywords

Comments

From Gus Wiseman, Jan 21 2022: (Start)
Also the number of integer partitions of n with alternating sum <= 1, where the alternating sum of a sequence (y_1,...,y_k) is Sum_i (-1)^(i-1) y_i. These are the conjugates of partitions with at most one odd part. For example, the a(1) = 1 through a(9) = 12 partitions with alternating sum <= 1 are:
1 11 21 22 32 33 43 44 54
111 1111 221 2211 331 2222 441
2111 111111 2221 3311 3222
11111 3211 221111 3321
22111 11111111 4311
211111 22221
1111111 33111
222111
321111
2211111
21111111
111111111
(End)

Examples

			From _Gus Wiseman_, Jan 21 2022: (Start)
The a(1) = 1 through a(9) = 12 partitions with at most one odd part:
  (1)  (2)  (3)   (4)   (5)    (6)    (7)     (8)     (9)
            (21)  (22)  (32)   (42)   (43)    (44)    (54)
                        (41)   (222)  (52)    (62)    (63)
                        (221)         (61)    (422)   (72)
                                      (322)   (2222)  (81)
                                      (421)           (432)
                                      (2221)          (441)
                                                      (522)
                                                      (621)
                                                      (3222)
                                                      (4221)
                                                      (22221)
(End)
		

Crossrefs

The case of alternating sum 0 (equality) is A000070.
A multiplicative version is A339846.
These partitions are ranked by A349150, conjugate A349151.
A000041 = integer partitions, strict A000009.
A027187 = partitions of even length, strict A067661, ranked by A028260.
A027193 = partitions of odd length, ranked by A026424.
A058695 = partitions of odd numbers.
A103919 = partitions by sum and alternating sum (reverse: A344612).
A277103 = partitions with the same number of odd parts as their conjugate.

Programs

  • Maple
    seq(coeff(convert(series((1+x/(1-x^2))/mul(1-x^(2*i),i=1..100),x,100),polynom),x,n),n=0..60); (C. Ronaldo)
  • Mathematica
    nmax = 50; CoefficientList[Series[(1+x/(1-x^2)) * Product[1/(1-x^(2*k)), {k, 1, nmax}], {x, 0, nmax}], x] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 07 2016 *)
    Table[Length[Select[IntegerPartitions[n],Count[#,?OddQ]<=1&]],{n,0,30}] (* _Gus Wiseman, Jan 21 2022 *)
  • PARI
    a(n) = if(n%2==0, numbpart(n/2), sum(i=1, (n+1)\2, numbpart((n-2*i+1)\2))) \\ David A. Corneth, Jan 23 2022

Formula

G.f.: (1+x/(1-x^2))/Product(1-x^(2*i), i=1..infinity). More generally, g.f. for number of partitions of n with at most k odd parts is (1+Sum(x^i/Product(1-x^(2*j), j=1..i), i=1..k))/Product(1-x^(2*i), i=1..infinity).
a(n) ~ exp(sqrt(n/3)*Pi) / (2*sqrt(3)*n) if n is even and a(n) ~ exp(sqrt(n/3)*Pi) / (2*Pi*sqrt(n)) if n is odd. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 07 2016
a(2*n) = A000041(n). a(2*n + 1) = A000070(n). - David A. Corneth, Jan 23 2022

Extensions

More terms from C. Ronaldo (aga_new_ac(AT)hotmail.com), Jan 19 2005

A347465 Numbers whose multiset of prime indices has alternating product > 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 5, 7, 11, 12, 13, 17, 19, 20, 23, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 37, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47, 48, 52, 53, 59, 61, 63, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 83, 89, 92, 97, 99, 101, 102, 103, 105, 107, 108, 109, 110, 112, 113, 114, 116, 117, 120, 124, 125, 127
Offset: 1

Author

Gus Wiseman, Sep 27 2021

Keywords

Comments

A prime index of n is a number m such that prime(m) divides n. The multiset of prime indices of n is row n of A112798.
We define the alternating product of a sequence (y_1,...,y_k) to be Product_i y_i^((-1)^(i-1)).
All terms have odd bigomega (A001222).
Also Heinz numbers integer partitions with reverse-alternating product > 1.

Examples

			The terms and their prime indices begin:
      3: {2}         37: {12}            68: {1,1,7}
      5: {3}         41: {13}            70: {1,3,4}
      7: {4}         42: {1,2,4}         71: {20}
     11: {5}         43: {14}            73: {21}
     12: {1,1,2}     44: {1,1,5}         75: {2,3,3}
     13: {6}         45: {2,2,3}         76: {1,1,8}
     17: {7}         47: {15}            78: {1,2,6}
     19: {8}         48: {1,1,1,1,2}     79: {22}
     20: {1,1,3}     52: {1,1,6}         80: {1,1,1,1,3}
     23: {9}         53: {16}            83: {23}
     27: {2,2,2}     59: {17}            89: {24}
     28: {1,1,4}     61: {18}            92: {1,1,9}
     29: {10}        63: {2,2,4}         97: {25}
     30: {1,2,3}     66: {1,2,5}         99: {2,2,5}
     31: {11}        67: {19}           101: {26}
		

Crossrefs

The squarefree case is A030059 without 2.
The reverse version is A028983, counted by A119620.
The opposite version (< 1 instead of > 1) is A119899.
Factorizations of this type are counted by A339890, reverse A347705.
The weak version (>= 1 instead of > 1) is A344609.
Partitions of this type are counted by A347449, reverse A347448.
The complement is A347450, counted by A339846 or A347443.
Allowing any integer reverse-alternating product gives A347454.
Allowing any integer alternating product gives A347457.
A335433 ranks inseparable partitions, complement A335448.
A347446 counts partitions with integer alternating product, reverse A347445.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    primeMS[n_]:=If[n==1,{},Flatten[Cases[FactorInteger[n],{p_,k_}:>Table[PrimePi[p],{k}]]]];
    altprod[q_]:=Product[q[[i]]^(-1)^(i-1),{i,Length[q]}];
    Select[Range[100],altprod[primeMS[#]]>1&]
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