A027748 -id:A027748 - cp's OEIS frontend

A046897 Sum of divisors of n that are not divisible by 4.

1, 3, 4, 3, 6, 12, 8, 3, 13, 18, 12, 12, 14, 24, 24, 3, 18, 39, 20, 18, 32, 36, 24, 12, 31, 42, 40, 24, 30, 72, 32, 3, 48, 54, 48, 39, 38, 60, 56, 18, 42, 96, 44, 36, 78, 72, 48, 12, 57, 93, 72, 42, 54, 120, 72, 24, 80, 90, 60, 72, 62, 96, 104, 3, 84, 144, 68, 54, 96, 144, 72

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

Ramanujan theta functions: f(q) (see A121373), phi(q) (A000122), psi(q) (A010054), chi(q) (A000700).

The o.g.f. is (theta_3(0,x)^4 - 1)/8, see the Hardy reference, eqs. 9.2.1, 9.2.3 and 9.2.4 on p. 133 for Sum' m*u_m. Also Hardy-Wright, p. 314. See also the Somos, Jan 25 2008 formula below. - Wolfdieter Lang, Dec 11 2016

			G.f. = q + 3*q^2 + 4*q^3 + 3*q^4 + 6*q^5 + 12*q^6 + 8*q^7 + 3*q^8 + 13*q^9 + ...

J. M. Borwein, D. H. Bailey and R. Girgensohn, Experimentation in Mathematics, A K Peters, Ltd., Natick, MA, 2004. x+357 pp. See p. 194.
G. H. Hardy, Ramanujan: twelve lectures on subjects suggested by his life and work, AMS Chelsea Publishing, Providence, Rhode Island 2002, p. 133.
G. H. Hardy and E. M. Wright, An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers, Clarendon Press, Oxford, Fifth edition, 1979, p. 314.
P. A. MacMahon, Combinatory Analysis, Cambridge Univ. Press, London and New York, Vol. 1, 1915 and Vol. 2, 1916; see vol. 2, p 31, Article 273.
C. J. Moreno and S. S. Wagstaff, Jr., Sums of Squares of Integers, Chapman & Hall, 2006.

Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Michael Somos, Introduction to Ramanujan theta functions.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Ramanujan Theta Functions.

Cf. A000203, A000118, A051731, A069733, A027748, A124010, A190621, A000593 (not divis. by 2), A046913 (not divis. by 3), A116073 (not divis. by 5).

a046897 1 = 1
a046897 n = product $ zipWith
            (\p e -> if p == 2 then 3 else div (p ^ (e + 1) - 1) (p - 1))
            (a027748_row n) (a124010_row n)
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 12 2015

A := Basis( ModularForms( Gamma0(4), 2), 72); B := (A[1] - 1)/8 + A[2]; B; /* Michael Somos, Dec 30 2014 */

A046897 := proc(n) if n mod 4 = 0 then numtheory[sigma](n)-4*numtheory[sigma](n/4) ; else numtheory[sigma](n) ; end if; end proc: # R. J. Mathar, Mar 23 2011

a[n_] := Sum[ Boole[ !Divisible[d, 4]]*d, {d, Divisors[n]}]; Table[ a[n], {n, 1, 71}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Dec 12 2011 *)
DivisorSum[#1, # &, Mod[#, 4] != 0 &] & /@ Range[71] (* Jayanta Basu, Jun 30 2013 *)
a[ n_] := SeriesCoefficient[ (EllipticTheta[ 3, 0, q]^4 - 1) / 8, {q, 0, n}]; (* Michael Somos, Dec 30 2014 *)
f[2, e_] := 3; f[p_, e_] := (p^(e+1)-1)/(p-1); a[1] = 1; a[n_] := Times @@ f @@@ FactorInteger[n]; Array[a, 100] (* Amiram Eldar, Sep 15 2020 *)

{a(n) = if( n<1, 0, sumdiv(n, d, if(d%4, d)))};

a(n) = (-1)^(n+1)*Sum_{d divides n} (-1)^(n/d+d)*d. Multiplicative with a(2^e) = 3, a(p^e) = (p^(e+1)-1)/(p-1) for an odd prime p. - Vladeta Jovovic, Sep 10 2002 [For a proof of the multiplicative property, see for example Moreno and Wagstaff, p. 33. - N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 09 2016]
G.f.: Sum_{k>0} x^k/(1+(-x)^k)^2, or Sum_{k>0} k*x^k/(1+(-x)^k). - Vladeta Jovovic, Dec 16 2002
Expansion of (1 - phi(q)^4) / 8 in powers of q where phi() is a Ramanujan theta function. - Michael Somos, Jan 25 2008
Equals inverse Mobius transform of A190621. - Gary W. Adamson, Jul 03 2008
A000118(n) = 8*a(n) for all n>0.
Dirichlet g.f.: (1 - 4^(1-s)) * zeta(s) * zeta(s-1). - Michael Somos, Oct 21 2015
L.g.f.: log(Product_{k>=1} (1 - x^(4*k))/(1 - x^k)) = Sum_{n>=1} a(n)*x^n/n. - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Mar 14 2018
From Peter Bala, Dec 19 2021: (Start)
Logarithmic g.f.: Sum_{n >= 1} a(n)*x^n/n = Sum_{n >= 1} x^n*(1 + x^n + x^(2*n))/( n*(1 - x^(4*n)) )
G.f.: Sum_{n >= 1} x^n*(x^(6*n) + 2*x^(5*n) + 3*x^(4*n) + 3*x^(2*n) + 2*x^n + 1)/(1 - x^(4*n))^2. (End)
Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) ~ (Pi^2/16) * n^2. - Amiram Eldar, Oct 04 2022

A063962 Number of distinct prime divisors of n that are <= sqrt(n).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 3, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, 3, 0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 3, 0, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 3

Offset: 1

Reinhard Zumkeller, Sep 04 2001

nonn

For all primes p: a(p) = 0 (not marked) and for k > 1 a(p^k) = 1.
a(1) = 0 and for n > 0 a(n) is the number of marks when applying the sieve of Eratosthenes where a stage for prime p starts at p^2.
If we define a divisor d|n to be inferior if d <= n/d, then inferior divisors are counted by A038548 and listed by A161906. This sequence counts inferior prime divisors. - Gus Wiseman, Feb 25 2021

			a(33) = a(3*11) = 1, as 3^2 = 9 < 33 and 11^2 = 121 > 33.
From _Gus Wiseman_, Feb 25 2021: (Start)
The a(n) inferior prime divisors (columns) for selected n:
n =  3  8  24  3660  390  3570 87780
   ---------------------------------
    {}  2   2     2    2     2     2
            3     3    3     3     3
                  5    5     5     5
                      13     7     7
                            17    11
                                  19
(End)

Harry J. Smith, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000

Cf. A055399, A001221.
Cf. A027748, A063962.
Zeros are at indices A008578.
The divisors are listed by A161906 and add up to A097974.
Dominates A333806 (the strictly inferior version).
The superior version is A341591.
The strictly superior version is A341642.
A001221 counts prime divisors, with sum A001414.
A033677 selects the smallest superior divisor.
A038548 counts inferior divisors.
A063538/A063539 have/lack a superior prime divisor.
A161908 lists superior divisors.
A207375 lists central divisors.
A217581 selects the greatest inferior prime divisor.
A341676 lists the unique superior prime divisors.
- Inferior: A033676, A066839, A069288, A072499, A333749, A333750.
- Superior: A051283, A059172, A070038, A072500, A116883, A341592, A341675.
- Strictly Inferior: A056924, A060775, A070039, A333805, A341596, A341674.
- Strictly Superior: A056924, A140271, A238535, A341594, A341595, A341673.
Cf. A000005, A001248, A005117, A006530, A020639, A048098, A064052, A341643.

a063962 n = length [p | p <- a027748_row n, p ^ 2 <= n]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 05 2012

with(numtheory): a:=proc(n) local c,F,f,i: c:=0: F:=factorset(n): f:=nops(F): for i from 1 to f do if F[i]^2<=n then c:=c+1 else c:=c: fi od: c; end: seq(a(n),n=1..105); # Emeric Deutsch

Join[{0},Table[Count[Transpose[FactorInteger[n]][[1]],?(#<=Sqrt[n]&)],{n,2,110}]] (* _Harvey P. Dale, Mar 26 2015 *)

{ for (n=1, 1000, f=factor(n)~; a=0; for (i=1, length(f), if (f[1, i]^2<=n, a++, break)); write("b063962.txt", n, " ", a) ) } \\ Harry J. Smith, Sep 04 2009

G.f.: Sum_{k>=1} x^(prime(k)^2) / (1 - x^prime(k)). - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Apr 04 2020

a(A002110(n)) = n for n > 2. - Gus Wiseman, Feb 25 2021

Revised definition from Emeric Deutsch, Jan 31 2006

A000086 Number of solutions to x^2 - x + 1 == 0 (mod n).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

Number of elliptic points of order 3 for Gamma_0(n).
Equivalently, number of fixed points of Gamma_0(n) of type rho.
Values are 0 or a power of 2.
Shadow transform of central polygonal numbers A002061. - Michel Marcus, Jun 06 2013
Empirical: a(n) == A001615(n) (mod 3) for all natural numbers n. - John M. Campbell, Apr 01 2018
From Jianing Song, Jul 03 2018: (Start)
The comment above is true. Since both a(n) and A001615(n) are multiplicative we just have to verify that for prime powers. Note that A001615(p^e) = (p+1)*p^(e-1). For p == 1 (mod 3), p+1 == 2 (mod 3) so (p+1)*p^(e-1) == 2 (mod 3); for p == 2 (mod 3), p+1 is a multiple of 3 so (p+1)*p^(e-1) == 0 (mod 3). For p = 3, if e = 1 then p+1 == 1 (mod 3); if e > 1 then (p+1)*p^(e-1) == 0 (mod 3).
Equivalently, number of solutions to x^2 + x + 1 == 0 (mod n). (End)

			G.f. = x + x^3 + 2*x^7 + 2*x^13 + 2*x^19 + 2*x^21 + 2*x^31 + 2*x^37 + 2*x^39 + ...

Bruno Schoeneberg, Elliptic Modular Functions, Springer-Verlag, NY, 1974, p. 101.
Goro Shimura, Introduction to the Arithmetic Theory of Automorphic Functions, Princeton, 1971, see p. 25, Eq. (3).

Christian G. Bower, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..2000
Harriet Fell, Morris Newman, and Edward Ordman, Tables of genera of groups of linear fractional transformations, J. Res. Nat. Bur. Standards Sect. B 67B (1963), 61-68.
Lorenz Halbeisen and Norbert Hungerbuehler, Number theoretic aspects of a combinatorial function, Notes on Number Theory and Discrete Mathematics 5(4) (1999), 138-150; see Definition 7 for the shadow transform.
John S. Rutherford, Sublattice enumeration. IV. Equivalence classes of plane sublattices by parent Patterson symmetry and colour lattice group type, Acta Cryst. A65 (2009), 156-163. [See Table 4.]
N. J. A. Sloane, Transforms.

Cf. A000089, A000091, A001616, A014683.
Cf. A027748, A079978, A038502, A007949, A165952.
Cf. A341422 (without zeros).

a000086 n = if n `mod` 9 == 0 then 0
  else product $ map ((* 2) . a079978 . (+ 2)) $ a027748_row $ a038502 n
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jun 23 2013

with(numtheory); A000086 := proc (n) local d, s; if modp(n,9) = 0 then RETURN(0) fi; s := 1; for d in divisors(n) do if isprime(d) then s := s*(1+eval(legendre(-3,d))) fi od; s end: # Gene Ward Smith, May 22 2006

Array[ Function[ n, If[ EvenQ[ n ] || Mod[ n, 9 ]==0, 0, Count[ Array[ Mod[ #^2-#+1, n ]&, n, 0 ], 0 ] ] ], 84 ]
a[ n_] := If[ n < 1, 0, Length[ Select[ (#^2 - # + 1)/n & /@ Range[n], IntegerQ]]]; (* Michael Somos, Aug 14 2015 *)
a[n_] := a[n] = Product[{p, e} = pe; Which[p==1 || p==3 && e==1, 1, p==3 && e>1, 0, Mod[p, 3]==1, 2, Mod[p, 3]==2, 0, True, a[p^e]], {pe, FactorInteger[n]}]; Array[a, 105] (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 18 2018 *)

{a(n) = if( n<1, 0, sum( x=0, n-1, (x^2 - x + 1)%n==0))}; \\ Nov 15 2002

{a(n) = if( n<1, 0, direuler( p=2, n, if( p==3, 1 + X, if( p%3==2, 1, (1 + X) / (1 - X)))) [n])}; \\ Nov 15 2002

Multiplicative with a(p^e) = 1 if p = 3 and e = 1; 0 if p = 3 and e > 1; 2 if p == 1 (mod 3); 0 if p == 2 (mod 3). - David W. Wilson, Aug 01 2001
a(A226946(n)) = 0; a(A034017(n)) > 0. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jun 23 2013
a(2*n) = a(3*n + 2) = a(9*n) = a(9*n + 6) = 0. - Michael Somos, Aug 14 2015
Asymptotic mean: Limit_{m->oo} (1/m) * Sum_{k=1..m} a(k) = 2*sqrt(3)/(3*Pi) = 0.367552... (A165952). - Amiram Eldar, Oct 11 2022

A055229 Greatest common divisor of largest square dividing n and squarefree part of n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer, Jun 21 2000

Record values occur at cubes of squarefree numbers: a(A062838(n)) = A005117(n) and a(m) < A005117(n) for m < A062838(n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 09 2010

Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000

Cf. A000188, A007913, A007947, A008833.

Cf. A027748, A005117, A062838, A060476, A124010, A220218.

a055229 n = product $ zipWith (^) ps (map (flip mod 2) es) where
   (ps, es) = unzip $
              filter ((> 1) . snd) $ zip (a027748_row n) (a124010_row n)
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Oct 27 2015

a[n_] := With[{sf = Times @@ Power @@@ ({#[[1]], Mod[#[[2]], 2]}& /@ FactorInteger[n])}, GCD[sf, n/sf]]; Table[a[n], {n, 1, 105}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Feb 05 2014 *)

a(n)=my(c=core(n));gcd(c,n/c) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Nov 20 2012

a(n) = gcd[A008833(n), A007913(n)].
Multiplicative with a(p^e)=1 for even e, a(p)=1, a(p^e)=p for odd e>1. - Vladeta Jovovic, Apr 30 2002
A220218(a(n)) = 1; A060476(a(n)) > 1 for n > 1. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 30 2015
a(n) = core(n)*rad(n/core(n))/rad(n), where core = A007913 and rad = A007947. - Conjecture by Velin Yanev, proof by David J. Seal, Sep 19 2017
Asymptotic mean: Limit_{m->oo} (1/m) * Sum_{k=1..m} a(k) = Product_{p prime} ((p^3 + p^2 + p - 1)/(p^2 * (p + 1))) = 1.2249749939341923764... . - Amiram Eldar, Oct 08 2022

A004614 Numbers that are divisible only by primes congruent to 3 mod 4.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 7, 9, 11, 19, 21, 23, 27, 31, 33, 43, 47, 49, 57, 59, 63, 67, 69, 71, 77, 79, 81, 83, 93, 99, 103, 107, 121, 127, 129, 131, 133, 139, 141, 147, 151, 161, 163, 167, 171, 177, 179, 189, 191, 199, 201, 207, 209, 211, 213, 217, 223, 227, 231, 237, 239, 243, 249, 251

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

Numbers whose factorization as Gaussian integers is the same as their factorization as integers. - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Oct 14 2005

Closed under multiplication. Primitive elements are the primes of form 4*k+3. - Gerry Martens, Jun 17 2020

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Gareth A. Jones and Alexander K. Zvonkin, A number-theoretic problem concerning pseudo-real Riemann surfaces, arXiv:2401.00270 [math.NT], 2023. See page 4.

Cf. A004613.

Cf. A002145 (subsequence of primes).

a004614 n = a004614_list !! (n-1)
a004614_list = filter (all (== 1) . map a079261 . a027748_row) [1..]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 07 2013

[n: n in [1..300] | forall{d: d in PrimeDivisors(n) | d mod 4 eq 3}]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Aug 21 2012

q:= n-> andmap(i-> irem(i[1], 4)=3, ifactors(n)[2]):
select(q, [$1..500])[];  # Alois P. Heinz, Jan 13 2024

ok[1] = True; ok[n_] := And @@ (Mod[#, 4] == 3 &) /@ FactorInteger[n][[All, 1]]; Select[Range[251], ok] (* Jean-François Alcover, May 05 2011 *)
A004614 = Select[Range[251],Length@Reduce[s^2 + t^2 == s # && s # > t > 0, Integers] == 0 &] (* Gerry Martens, Jun 05 2020 *)

for(n=1,1000,if(sumdiv(n,d,isprime(d)*if((d-3)%4,1,0))==0, print1(n,",")))

forstep(n=1,999,2,for(j=1,#t=factor(n)[,1],t[j]%4==1 && next(2)); print1(n", ")) \\ M. F. Hasler, Feb 26 2008

list(lim)=my(v=List([1]),cur,idx,newIdx); forprime(p=3,lim, if(p%4>1, listput(v,p))); for(i=2,#v, cur=v[i]; idx=1; while(v[idx]*cur <= lim, my(newidx=#v+1,t); for(j=idx, #v, t=cur*v[j]; if(t<=lim, listput(v, t))); idx=newidx)); Set(v) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Feb 06 2018

from itertools import count, islice
from sympy import primefactors
def A004614_gen(startvalue=1): # generator of terms >= startvalue
    return filter(lambda n: n&1 and all(p&2 for p in primefactors(n>>(~n & n-1).bit_length())), count(max(startvalue,1)))
A004614_list = list(islice(A004614_gen(),30)) # Chai Wah Wu, Aug 21 2024

Product(A079261(A027748(a(n),k)): k=1..A001221(a(n))) = 1. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 07 2013

A100716 Numbers k such that p^p divides k for some prime p.

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 27, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 54, 56, 60, 64, 68, 72, 76, 80, 81, 84, 88, 92, 96, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 132, 135, 136, 140, 144, 148, 152, 156, 160, 162, 164, 168, 172, 176, 180, 184, 188, 189, 192, 196, 200, 204, 208, 212

Offset: 1

Leroy Quet, Dec 10 2004

nonn

Complement of A048103; A129251(a(n)) > 0; A051674 is a subsequence; A129254 = (terms a(k) such that a(k+1)=a(k)+1). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 07 2007

A027748(a(n),k) <= A124010(a(n),k) for some k<=A001221(a(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 28 2012

			54 is included because 3^3 divides 54.

Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000

Complement: A048103.
Positions of nonzeros in A129251.
Cf. A100717, A129150, A129152.
Cf. A054744.
Cf. A051674 (a subsequence).
Subsequence of A276079 from which it differs for the first time at n=175, where a(175) = 628, while A276079(175) = 625, a value missing from here.

a100716 n = a100716_list !! (n-1)
a100716_list = filter (\x -> or $
   zipWith (<=) (a027748_row x) (map toInteger $ a124010_row x)) [1..]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 28 2012
(Scheme, with Antti Karttunen's IntSeq-library)
(define A100716 (NONZERO-POS 1 1 A129251))
;; Antti Karttunen, Aug 18 2016

fQ[n_] := Union[ Table[ #[[1]] <= #[[2]]] & /@ FactorInteger[n]][[ -1]] == True; Select[ Range[2, 215], fQ[ # ] &] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Dec 14 2004 *)
f[n_] := Module[{aux=FactorInteger[n]}, Last@Union@Table[aux[[i,1]] <=  aux[[i,2]], {i,Length[aux]}] == True]; Select[Range[2,215], f] (* José María Grau Ribas, Jan 25 2012 *)
Rest@ Select[Range@ 216, Times @@ Boole@ Map[First@ # > Last@ # &, FactorInteger@ #] == 0 &] (* Michael De Vlieger, Aug 19 2016 *)

is(n)=forprime(p=2,default(primelimit),if(n%p^p==0,return(1));if(p^p>n,return(0))) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 24 2012

from itertools import count, islice
from sympy import factorint
def A100716_gen(startvalue=1): # generator of terms >= startvalue
    return filter(lambda n:any(map(lambda d:d[1]>=d[0],factorint(n).items())),count(max(startvalue,1)))
A100716_list = list(islice(A100716_gen(),30)) # Chai Wah Wu, Jan 05 2023

a(n) ~ k*n with k = 1/(1 - Product(1 - p^-p)) = 3.5969959469... where the product is over all primes p. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 24 2012

More terms from Robert G. Wilson v, Dec 14 2004

A058529 Numbers whose prime factors are all congruent to +1 or -1 modulo 8.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 7, 17, 23, 31, 41, 47, 49, 71, 73, 79, 89, 97, 103, 113, 119, 127, 137, 151, 161, 167, 191, 193, 199, 217, 223, 233, 239, 241, 257, 263, 271, 281, 287, 289, 311, 313, 329, 337, 343, 353, 359, 367, 383, 391, 401, 409, 431, 433, 439, 449, 457, 463, 479, 487

Offset: 1

William Bagby (bagsbee(AT)aol.com), Dec 24 2000

Numbers of the form x^2 - 2*y^2, where x is odd and x and y are relatively prime. - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Jun 24 2011
Consider primitive Pythagorean triangles (a^2 + b^2 = c^2, gcd(a, b) = 1, a <= b); sequence gives values b-a, sorted with duplicates removed; terms > 1 in sequence give values of a + b, sorted. (See A046086 and A046087.)
Ordered set of (semiperimeter + radius of largest inscribed circle) of all primitive Pythagorean triangles. Semiperimeter of Pythagorean triangle + radius of largest circle inscribed in triangle = ((a+b+c)/2) + ((a+b-c)/2) = a + b.
The terms of this sequence are all of the form 6*N +- 1, since the prime divisors are, and numbers of this form are closed under multiplication. In fact, all terms are == 1, 7, 17, or 23 (mod 24). - J. T. Harrison (harrison_uk_2000(AT)yahoo.co.uk), Apr 28 2009, edited by Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Jun 24 2011
Is similar to A001132, but includes composites whose factors are in A001132. Can be generated in this manner.
Third side of primitive parallepipeds with square base; that is, integer solution of a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = d^2 with gcd(a,b,c) = 1 and b = c. - Carmine Suriano, May 03 2013
Other than -1, values of difference z-y that solve the Diophantine equation x^2 + y^2 = z^2 + 2. - Carmine Suriano, Jan 05 2015
For k > 1, k is in the sequence iff A330174(k) > 0. - Ray Chandler, Feb 26 2020

B Berggren, Pytagoreiska trianglar. Tidskrift för elementär matematik, fysik och kemi, 17:129-139, 1934.
Olaf Delgado-Friedrichs and Michael O’Keeffe, Edge-transitive lattice nets, Acta Cryst. (2009). A65, 360-363.

Ray Chandler, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000 (first 1000 terms from T. D. Noe)
F. Barnes, primitive Pythagorean triangles where a-b is a constant.
Johannes Boot, Draft English translation of B Berggren's (1934) article "Pytagoreiska Trianglar", ResearchGate 2017.
K. S. Brown, Pythagorean graphs.
O. Delgado-Friedrichs and M. O'Keeffe, Edge-transitive lattice nets, Acta Cryst. A, A65 (2009), 360-363.
B. Frénicle, Méthode pour trouver la solution des problèmes par les exclusions, 44 pages (see p. 31). In Divers ouvrages de mathematique .. Par Messieurs de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, in-fol, 6+518+1PP, Paris, 1693. - _Paul Curtz_, Sep 06 2008

Cf. A020882-A020886, A020888, A046086, A046087, A014498, A001132, A001653, A027748, A047522, A330174.

a058529 n = a058529_list !! (n-1)
a058529_list = filter (\x -> all (`elem` (takeWhile (<= x) a001132_list))
                                 $ a027748_row x) [1..]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 29 2013

Select[Range[500], Union[Abs[Mod[Transpose[FactorInteger[#]][[1]], 8, -1]]] == {1} &] (* T. D. Noe, Feb 07 2012 *)

is(n)=my(f=factor(n)[,1]%8); for(i=1,#f, if(f[i]!=1 && f[i]!=7, return(0))); 1 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Aug 01 2016

a(n) = |A-B|=|j^2-2*k^2|, j=(2*n-1), k,n in N, GCD(j,k)=1, the absolute difference between primitive Pythagorean triple legs (sides adjacent to the right angle). - Roger M Ellingson, Dec 09 2023

More terms from Naohiro Nomoto, Jul 02 2001
Edited by Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Jun 24 2011
Duplicated comment removed and name rewritten by Wolfdieter Lang, Feb 17 2015

A000089 Number of solutions to x^2 + 1 == 0 (mod n).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

Number of elliptic points of order 2 for GAMMA_0(n).
The Dirichlet inverse, 1, -1, 0, 1, -2, 0, 0, -1, 0, 2, 0, 0, -2, 0,.. seems to equal A091400, apart from signs. - R. J. Mathar, Jul 15 2010
Shadow transform of A002522. - Michel Marcus, Jun 06 2013
a(n) != 0 iff n in A008784. - Joerg Arndt, Mar 26 2014
For n > 1, number of positive solutions to n = a^2 + b^2 such that gcd(a, b) = 1. - Haehun Yang, Mar 20 2022

			G.f. = x + x^2 + 2*x^5 + 2*x^10 + 2*x^13 + 2*x^17 + 2*x^25 + 2*x^26 + 2*x^29 + ...

Michael Baake, "Solution of the coincidence problem in dimensions d <= 4", in R. V. Moody, ed., Mathematics of Long-Range Aperiodic Order, Kluwer, 1997, pp. 9-44.
Goro Shimura, Introduction to the Arithmetic Theory of Automorphic Functions, Princeton, 1971, see p. 25, Eq. (2).

Seiichi Manyama, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000 (terms 1..2000 from T. D. Noe)
Michael Baake, Solution of the coincidence problem in dimensions d <= 4, arxiv:math/0605222 [math.MG] (2006).
Michael Baake and Uwe Grimm, Quasicrystalline combinatorics, 2002.
Harriet Fell, Morris Newman, and Edward Ordman, Tables of genera of groups of linear fractional transformations, J. Res. Nat. Bur. Standards Sect. B 67B 1963 61-68.
Steven R. Finch and Pascal Sebah, Squares and Cubes Modulo n, arXiv:math/0604465 [math.NT], 2006-2016.
John S. Rutherford, Sublattice enumeration. IV. Equivalence classes of plane sublattices by parent Patterson symmetry and colour lattice group type, Acta Cryst. (2009). A65, 156-163. [See Table 4].
N. J. A. Sloane, Transforms
László Tóth, Counting Solutions of Quadratic Congruences in Several Variables Revisited, J. Int. Seq. 17 (2014), Article 14.11.6.

Cf. A031358, A027748, A124010, A000095, A006278 (positions of records), A002654, A093582.

a000089 n = product $ zipWith f (a027748_row n) (a124010_row n) where
   f 2 e = if e == 1 then 1 else 0
   f p _ = if p `mod` 4 == 1 then 2 else 0
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 24 2012

with(numtheory); A000089 := proc (n) local i, s; if modp(n,4) = 0 then RETURN(0) fi; s := 1; for i in divisors(n) do if isprime(i) and i > 2 then s := s*(1+eval(legendre(-1,i))) fi od; s end: # Gene Ward Smith, May 22 2006

Array[ Function[ n, If[ EvenQ[ n ] || Mod[ n, 3 ]==2, 0, Count[ Array[ Mod[ #^2+1, n ]&, n, 0 ], 0 ] ] ], 84 ]
a[ n_] := If[ n < 1, 0, Length @ Select[ (#^2 + 1)/n & /@ Range[n], IntegerQ]]; (* Michael Somos, Aug 15 2015 *)
a[n_] := a[n] = Product[{p, e} = pe; Which[p<3 && e==1, 1, p==2 && e>1, 0, Mod[p, 4]==1, 2, Mod[p, 4]==3, 0, True, a[p^e]], {pe, FactorInteger[n]}]; Array[a, 105] (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 18 2018, after David W. Wilson *)

{a(n) = if( n<1, 0, sum( x=0, n-1, (x^2 + 1)%n==0))}; \\ Michael Somos, Mar 24 2012

a(n)=my(o=valuation(n,2),f);if(o>1,0,n>>=o;f=factor(n)[,1]; prod(i=1,#f,kronecker(-1,f[i])+1)) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 08 2013

from math import prod
from sympy import primefactors
def A000089(n): return prod(1 if p==2 else 2 if p&3==1 else 0 for p in primefactors(n)) if n&3 else 0 # Chai Wah Wu, Oct 13 2024

a(n) = 0 if 4|n, else a(n) = Product_{ p | N } (1 + Legendre(-1, p) ), where we use the definition that Legendre(-1, 2) = 0, Legendre(-1, p) = 1 if p == 1 mod 4, = -1 if p == 3 mod 4. This is Shimura's definition, which is different from Maple's.
Dirichlet g.f.: (1+2^(-s))*Product (1+p^(-s))/(1-p^(-s)) (p=1 mod 4).
Multiplicative with a(p^e) = 1 if p = 2 and e = 1; 0 if p = 2 and e > 1; 2 if p == 1 (mod 4); 0 if p == 3 (mod 4). - David W. Wilson, Aug 01 2001
a(3*n) = a(4*n) = a(4*n + 3) = 0. a(4*n + 1) = A031358(n). - Michael Somos, Mar 24 2012
Asymptotic mean: Limit_{m->oo} (1/m) * Sum_{k=1..m} a(k) = 3/(2*Pi) = 0.477464... (A093582). - Amiram Eldar, Oct 11 2022

A062537 Nodes in riff (rooted index-functional forest) for n.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 7, 6, 6, 6, 5, 7, 5, 6, 6, 4, 7, 7, 5, 6, 6, 7, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 6, 6, 4, 6, 5, 7, 7, 6, 7, 7, 6, 7, 7, 6, 7, 7, 7, 6, 5, 5, 7, 6, 6, 7, 5, 7, 8

Offset: 1

David W. Wilson, Jun 25 2001

A061396(n) is the number of times n appears in this sequence.

Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Jon Awbrey, Illustrations of riffs for small integers.
Jon Awbrey, Riffs and Rotes.

Cf. A061396.

Cf. A001221, A027748, A049084, A124010.

import Data.Function (on)
a062537 1 = 0
a062537 n = sum $ map (+ 1) $
   zipWith ((+) `on` a062537) (map a049084 $ a027748_row n) (a124010_row n)
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 26 2013

a[1] = 0; a[n_] := a[n] = Sum[{p, e} = pe; a[PrimePi[p]] + a[e] + 1, {pe, FactorInteger[n]}]; Array[a, 105] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 26 2019 *)

a(Product(p_i^e_i)) = Sum(a(i)+a(e_i)+1), product over nonzero e_i in prime factorization.

a(n) = Sum_{k=1..A001221(n)} (a(A049084(A027748(n,k))) + a(A124010(n,k)) + 1). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 26 2013

A354584 Irregular triangle read by rows where row k lists the run-sums of the multiset (weakly increasing sequence) of prime indices of n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 2, 3, 1, 2, 4, 3, 4, 1, 3, 5, 2, 2, 6, 1, 4, 2, 3, 4, 7, 1, 4, 8, 2, 3, 2, 4, 1, 5, 9, 3, 2, 6, 1, 6, 6, 2, 4, 10, 1, 2, 3, 11, 5, 2, 5, 1, 7, 3, 4, 2, 4, 12, 1, 8, 2, 6, 3, 3, 13, 1, 2, 4, 14, 2, 5, 4, 3, 1, 9, 15, 4, 2, 8, 1, 6, 2, 7, 2, 6, 16

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, Jun 17 2022

A prime index of n is a number m such that prime(m) divides n. The multiset of prime indices of n is row n of A112798.

Every sequence can be uniquely split into a sequence of non-overlapping runs. For example, the runs of (2,2,1,1,1,3,2,2) are ((2,2),(1,1,1),(3),(2,2)), with sums (4,3,3,4).

			Triangle begins:
  .
  1
  2
  2
  3
  1 2
  4
  3
  4
  1 3
  5
  2 2
  6
  1 4
  2 3
For example, the prime indices of 630 are {1,2,2,3,4}, so row 630 is (1,4,3,4).

Positions of first appearances are A308495 plus 1.
The version for compositions is A353932, ranked by A353847.
Classes:
- singleton rows: A000961
- constant rows: A353833, nonprime A353834, counted by A304442
- strict rows: A353838, counted by A353837, complement A353839
Statistics:
- row lengths: A001221
- row sums: A056239
- row products: A304117
- row ranks (as partitions): A353832
- row image sizes: A353835
- row maxima: A353862
- row minima: A353931
A001222 counts prime factors with multiplicity.
A112798 and A296150 list partitions by rank.
A124010 gives prime signature, sorted A118914.
A300273 ranks collapsible partitions, counted by A275870.
A353840-A353846 pertain to partition run-sum trajectory.
A353861 counts distinct sums of partial runs of prime indices.
A353866 ranks rucksack partitions, counted by A353864.
Cf. A000040, A002110, A027748, A071625, A073093, A181819, A238279/A333755, A353850, A353852, A353867.

Table[Cases[If[n==1,{},FactorInteger[n]],{p_,k_}:>PrimePi[p]*k],{n,30}]

cp's OEIS Frontend

A046897 Sum of divisors of n that are not divisible by 4.

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A063962 Number of distinct prime divisors of n that are <= sqrt(n).

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A000086 Number of solutions to x^2 - x + 1 == 0 (mod n).

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A055229 Greatest common divisor of largest square dividing n and squarefree part of n.

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A004614 Numbers that are divisible only by primes congruent to 3 mod 4.

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A100716 Numbers k such that p^p divides k for some prime p.

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