A079458 -id:A079458 - cp's OEIS frontend

A239614 a(n) = A239611(n) / A079458(n).

1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 6, 3, 4, 2, 8, 2, 4, 4, 8, 2, 6, 2, 8, 4, 4, 2, 12, 3, 4, 4, 8, 2, 8, 2, 10, 4, 4, 4, 12, 2, 4, 4, 12, 2, 8, 2, 8, 6, 4, 2, 16, 3, 6, 4, 8, 2, 8, 4, 12, 4, 4, 2, 16, 2, 4, 6, 12, 4, 8, 2, 8, 4, 8, 2, 18, 2, 4, 6, 8, 4, 8, 2, 16, 5, 4, 2, 16, 4, 4, 4, 12, 2, 12, 4, 8, 4, 4, 4, 20, 2, 6, 6, 12, 2, 8, 2, 12, 8

Offset: 1

José María Grau Ribas, Jun 25 2014

Related to Menon's identity. See Conclusions and further work section of the arXiv file linked.

Multiplicative because both A239611 and A079458 are. - Andrew Howroyd, Aug 07 2018

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..2101 (computed from the b-files of A079458 and A239611)
C. Calderón, J. M. Grau, A. Oller-Marcen, and Laszlo Toth, Counting invertible sums of squares modulo n and a new generalization of Euler totient function, arXiv:1403.7878 [math.NT], 2014.

Cf. A239611, A239612, A239613, A239615, A079458, A053191, A227499.

a239611[n_] := Sum[If[GCD[x^2 + y^2, n] == 1, GCD[x^2 + y^2 - 1, n], 0], {x, 1, n}, {y, 1, n}];
a079458[n_] := Product[{p, e} = pe; Which[p==2, 2^(2e-1), Mod[p, 4]==3, (p^2-1)p^(2e-2), Mod[p, 4]==1, (p-1)^2 p^(2e-2)], {pe, FactorInteger[n]}];
a[1] = 1; a[n_] := a239611[n]/a079458[n];
Array[a, 105] (* Jean-François Alcover, Dec 04 2018 *)

Conjectures from Ridouane Oudra, Jul 22 2024: (Start)
a(n) = A010710(n)*tau(n) - 2*tau(2n) ;
a(2*n) = 2*tau(n) ;
a(2*n+1) = tau(2*n+1). (End)

More terms from Antti Karttunen, Sep 23 2017

A127473 a(n) = phi(n)^2.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 4, 4, 16, 4, 36, 16, 36, 16, 100, 16, 144, 36, 64, 64, 256, 36, 324, 64, 144, 100, 484, 64, 400, 144, 324, 144, 784, 64, 900, 256, 400, 256, 576, 144, 1296, 324, 576, 256, 1600, 144, 1764, 400, 576, 484, 2116, 256, 1764, 400, 1024, 576, 2704, 324, 1600

Offset: 1

Gary W. Adamson, Jan 15 2007

Number of maps of the form j |--> m*j + d with gcd(m, n) = 1 and gcd(d, n) = 1 from [1, 2, ..., n] to itself. - Joerg Arndt, Aug 29 2014
Right border of A127474.
Equals the Mobius transform (A054525) of A029939. - Gary W. Adamson, Aug 20 2008
From Jianing Song, Apr 14 2019: (Start)
a(n) is the number of solutions to gcd(xy, n) = 1 with x, y in [0, n-1].
Let Z_n be the ring of integers modulo n, then a(n) is the number of invertible elements in the ring Z_n[x]/(x^2 - x) (or equivalently, Z_n[x]/(x^2 + x)) with discriminant d = 1 (that is, a(n) is the size of the group G(n) = (Z_n[x]/(x^2 - x))*). Actually, G(n) is isomorphic to (Z_n)* X (Z_n)*. (End)

			a(5) = 16 since phi(5) = 4.

Jens Kruse Andersen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
N. J. A. Sloane, Families of Essentially Identical Sequences, Mar 24 2021 (Includes this sequence).

Cf. A000010, A057434, A065464, A109695, A127474, A358714, A361148, A008683.

Similar sequences: A082953 (size of (Z_n[x]/(x^2 - 1))*, d = 4), A002618 ((Z_n[x]/(x^2))*, d = 0), A079458 ((Z_n[x]/(x^2 + 1))*, d = -4), A319445 ((Z_n[x]/(x^2 - x + 1))* or (Z_n[x]/(x^2 + x + 1))*, d = -3).

[(EulerPhi(n))^2: n in [1..180]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Apr 04 2011

A127473 := proc(n) numtheory[phi](n)^2 ; end proc:
seq(A127473(n),n=1..40) ; # R. J. Mathar, Apr 04 2011

Table[EulerPhi[n]^2,{n,100}] (* Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, Feb 02 2012 *)

a(n) = eulerphi(n)^2; \\ Michel Marcus, Oct 16 2018

a(n) = A000010(n)^2.
Multiplicative with a(p^e) = (p-1)^2*p^(2e-2), e >= 1. Dirichlet g.f. zeta(s-2)*Product_{primes p} (1 - 2/p^(s-1) + 1/p^s). - R. J. Mathar, Apr 04 2011
Sum_{k>=1} 1/a(k) = A109695. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Sep 20 2020
Sum_{k>=1} (-1)^k/a(k) = (1/7) * A109695. - Amiram Eldar, Nov 11 2020
Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) ~ c * n^3, where c = (1/3) * Product_{p prime}(1 - (2*p-1)/p^3) = A065464 / 3 = 0.142749... . - Amiram Eldar, Oct 25 2022
a(n) = Sum_{d|n} mu(n/d)*phi(n*d). - Ridouane Oudra, Jul 23 2025

A062327 Number of divisors of n over the Gaussian integers.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 2, 5, 4, 6, 2, 7, 3, 12, 2, 10, 4, 6, 8, 9, 4, 9, 2, 20, 4, 6, 2, 14, 9, 12, 4, 10, 4, 24, 2, 11, 4, 12, 8, 15, 4, 6, 8, 28, 4, 12, 2, 10, 12, 6, 2, 18, 3, 27, 8, 20, 4, 12, 8, 14, 4, 12, 2, 40, 4, 6, 6, 13, 16, 12, 2, 20, 4, 24, 2, 21, 4, 12, 18, 10, 4, 24, 2, 36, 5, 12, 2, 20, 16, 6

Offset: 1

Reiner Martin, Jul 12 2001

Divisors which are associates are identified (two Gaussian integers z1, z2 are associates if z1 = u * z2 where u is a unit, i.e., one of 1, i, -1, -i).
a(A004614(n)) = A000005(n). - Vladeta Jovovic, Jan 23 2003
a(A004613(n)) = A000005(n)^2. - Benedikt Otten, May 22 2013

			For example, 5 has divisors 1, 1+2i, 2+i and 5.

Cf. A027748, A124010.
Equivalent of arithmetic functions in the ring of Gaussian integers (the corresponding functions in the ring of integers are in the parentheses): this sequence ("d", A000005), A317797 ("sigma", A000203), A079458 ("phi", A000010), A227334 ("psi", A002322), A086275 ("omega", A001221), A078458 ("Omega", A001222), A318608 ("mu", A008683).
Equivalent in the ring of Eisenstein integers: A319442.

a062327 n = product $ zipWith f (a027748_row n) (a124010_row n) where
   f 2 e                  = 2 * e + 1
   f p e | p `mod` 4 == 1 = (e + 1) ^ 2
         | otherwise      = e + 1
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Oct 18 2011

a:= n-> mul(`if`(i[1]=2, 2*i[2]+1, `if`(irem(i[1], 4)=3,
                 i[2]+1, (i[2]+1)^2)), i=ifactors(n)[2]):
seq(a(n), n=1..100);  # Alois P. Heinz, Jul 09 2021

Table[Length[Divisors[n, GaussianIntegers -> True]], {n, 30}] (* Alonso del Arte, Jan 25 2011 *)
DivisorSigma[0,Range[90],GaussianIntegers->True] (* Harvey P. Dale, Mar 19 2017 *)

a(n)=
{
    my(r=1,f=factor(n));
    for(j=1,#f[,1], my(p=f[j,1],e=f[j,2]);
        if(p==2,r*=(2*e+1));
        if(p%4==1,r*=(e+1)^2);
        if(p%4==3,r*=(e+1));
    );
    return(r);
}  \\ Joerg Arndt, Dec 09 2016

Presumably a(n) = 2 iff n is a rational prime == 3 mod 4 (see A045326). - N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 07 2003, Feb 23 2007

Multiplicative with a(2^e) = 2*e+1, a(p^e) = e+1 if p mod 4=3 and a(p^e) = (e+1)^2 if p mod 4=1. - Vladeta Jovovic, Jan 23 2003

A078458 Total number of factors in a factorization of n into Gaussian primes.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 2, 1, 4, 2, 3, 1, 6, 2, 4, 1, 5, 2, 3, 3, 8, 2, 4, 1, 6, 2, 3, 1, 7, 4, 4, 3, 5, 2, 5, 1, 10, 2, 4, 3, 6, 2, 3, 3, 8, 2, 4, 1, 5, 4, 3, 1, 9, 2, 6, 3, 6, 2, 5, 3, 7, 2, 4, 1, 7, 2, 3, 3, 12, 4, 4, 1, 6, 2, 5, 1, 8, 2, 4, 5, 5, 2, 5, 1, 10, 4, 4, 1, 6, 4, 3, 3, 7, 2, 6, 3, 5, 2, 3, 3, 11, 2, 4, 3, 8, 2, 5, 1, 8

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 11 2003

a(n)+1 is also the total number of factors in a factorization of n+n*i into Gaussian primes. - Jason Kimberley, Dec 17 2011

Record high values are at a(2^k) = 2*k for k = 0, 1, 2, ... . - Bill McEachen, Oct 11 2022

			2 = (1+i)*(1-i), so a(2) = 2; 9 = 3*3, so a(9) = 2.
a(1006655265000) = a(2^3*3^2*5^4*7^5*11^3) = 3*a(2)+2*a(3)+4*a(5)+5*a(7)+3*a(11) = 3*2+2*1+4*2+5*1+3*1 = 24. - _Vladeta Jovovic_, Jan 20 2003

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Michael Somos, PARI program for finding prime decomposition of Gaussian integers.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Gaussian Prime.
Index entries for Gaussian integers and primes.

Cf. A078908-A078911, A007814, A065339, A083025.
Cf. A239626, A239627 (including units).
Equivalent of arithmetic functions in the ring of Gaussian integers (the corresponding functions in the ring of integers are in the parentheses): A062327 ("d", A000005), A317797 ("sigma", A000203), A079458 ("phi", A000010), A227334 ("psi", A002322), A086275 ("omega", A001221), this sequence ("Omega", A001222), A318608 ("mu", A008683).
Equivalent in the ring of Eisenstein integers: A319444.

Join[{0}, Table[f = FactorInteger[n, GaussianIntegers -> True]; cnt = Total[Transpose[f][[2]]]; If[MemberQ[{-1, I, -I}, f[[1, 1]]], cnt--]; cnt, {n, 2, 100}]] (* T. D. Noe, Mar 31 2014 *)
a[n_]:=PrimeOmega[n, GaussianIntegers -> True]; Array[a,104] (* Stefano Spezia, Sep 29 2024 *)

a(n)=my(f=factor(n)); sum(i=1,#f~,if(f[i,1]%4==3,1,2)*f[i,2]) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Mar 31 2014

Fully additive with a(p)=2 if p=2 or p mod 4=1 and a(p)=1 if p mod 4=3. - Vladeta Jovovic, Jan 20 2003

a(n) depends on the number of primes of the forms 4k+1 (A083025) and 4k-1 (A065339) and on the highest power of 2 dividing n (A007814): a(n) = 2*A007814(n) + 2*A083025(n) + A065339(n). - T. D. Noe, Jul 14 2003

More terms from Vladeta Jovovic, Jan 12 2003

A227499 Number of the Lipschitz quaternions in a reduced system modulo n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 8, 48, 128, 480, 384, 2016, 2048, 3888, 3840, 13200, 6144, 26208, 16128, 23040, 32768, 78336, 31104, 123120, 61440, 96768, 105600, 267168, 98304, 300000, 209664, 314928, 258048, 682080, 184320, 892800, 524288, 633600, 626688, 967680, 497664, 1822176

Offset: 1

José María Grau Ribas, Jul 13 2013

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Catalina Calderón, Jose Maria Grau, A. Oller-Marcén, and László Tóth, Counting invertible sums of squares modulo n and a new generalization of Euler's totient function, Publicationes Mathematicae-Debrecen, Vol. 87 (1-2) (2015), pp. 133-145; arXiv preprint, arXiv:1403.7878 [math.NT], 2014.

Cf. A079458, A060968, A087784.

cuater[n_] := Flatten[Table[{a, b,c,d},{a, n}, {b, n}, {c, n}, {d, n}], 3]; a[n_] := Length@Select[cuater[n], GCD[#.#, n] == 1 &]; Array[a,20]
f[p_, e_] := (p-1)*p^(4*e-1) * If[p == 2, 1, 1 - 1/p^2]; a[1] = 1; a[n_] := Times @@ f @@@ FactorInteger[n]; Array[a, 100] (* Amiram Eldar, Feb 13 2024 *)

a(n) = {my(f = factor(n)); prod(i = 1, #f~, p = f[i,1]; e = f[i, 2]; (p-1)*p^(4*e-1) * if(p == 2, 1, 1 - 1/p^2));} \\ Amiram Eldar, Feb 13 2024

Multiplicative: a(2^s) = 2^(4s-1); a(3^s) = 16*3^(4s-3); a(5^s) = 32*3*5^(4s-3).
From Amiram Eldar, Feb 13 2024: (Start)
Multiplicative with a(2^e) = 2^(4*e-1), and a(p^e) = p^(4*e-3) * (p-1)^2 * (p+1) for an odd prime p.
Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s-4) * (1 - 1/2^(s-3)) * Product_{p prime > 2} (1 - 1/p^(s-3) - (p-1)/p^(s-1)).
Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) = (12/55) * c * n^5 + O(n^4 * log(n)), where c = Product_{p prime} (1 - 1/p^2 - 1/p^3 + 1/p^4) = 0.53589615382833799980... (Calderón et al., 2015).
Sum_{n>=1} 1/a(n) = (17*Pi^8/57240) * Product_{p prime} (1 - 2/p^2 + 1/p^4 + 1/p^5 + 2/p^6 - 1/p^8) = 1.16039588611967540703... . (End)

A086275 Number of distinct Gaussian primes in the factorization of n.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 1, 2, 2, 1, 3, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 1, 2, 2, 4, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, 1, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 2, 2, 3, 1, 4, 2, 2, 2, 1, 4, 3, 1, 3, 2, 4, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 4, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 4, 2, 3, 2, 2, 4, 3, 2, 2, 2, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3

Offset: 1

T. D. Noe, Jul 14 2003

As shown in the formula, a(n) depends on the number of distinct primes of the forms 4*k+1 (A005089) and 4*k-1 (A005091) and whether n is divisible by 2 (A059841).

Note that associated divisors are counted only once. - Jianing Song, Aug 30 2018

			a(1006655265000) = a(2^3*3^2*5^4*7^5*11^3) = 1 + 2*1 + 3 = 6 because n is divisible by 2, has 1 prime factor of the form 4*k+1 and 3 primes of the form 4*k+3. Over the Gaussian integers, 1006655265000 is factored as i*(1 + i)^6*(2 + i)^4*(2 - i)^4*3^2*7^5*11^3, the 6 distinct Gaussian factors are 1 + i, 2 + i, 2 - i, 3, 7 and 11.

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Gaussian Prime.

Cf. A005089, A005091, A059841.
Equivalent of arithmetic functions in the ring of Gaussian integers (the corresponding functions in the ring of integers are in the parentheses): A062327 ("d", A000005), A317797 ("sigma", A000203), A079458 ("phi", A000010), A227334 ("psi", A002322), this sequence ("omega", A001221), A078458 ("Omega", A001222), A318608 ("mu", A008683).
Equivalent in the ring of Eisenstein integers: A319443.

Join[{0}, Table[f=FactorInteger[n, GaussianIntegers->True]; cnt=Length[f]; If[MemberQ[{-1, I, -I}, f[[1, 1]]], cnt-- ]; cnt, {n, 2, 100}]]
a[n_]:=If[n==2,1,PrimeNu[n, GaussianIntegers -> True]]; Array[a,100] (* Stefano Spezia, Sep 29 2024 *)

a(n)=my(f=factor(n)[,1]); sum(i=1,#f,if(f[i]%4==1,2,1)) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Sep 14 2015

a(n) = A059841(n) + 2*A005089(n) + A005091(n).

Additive with a(p^e) = 2 if p = 1 (mod 4), 1 otherwise. - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Oct 18 2006

A319445 Number of Eisenstein integers in a reduced system modulo n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 18, 36, 48, 54, 72, 120, 72, 144, 108, 144, 192, 288, 162, 324, 288, 216, 360, 528, 288, 600, 432, 486, 432, 840, 432, 900, 768, 720, 864, 864, 648, 1296, 972, 864, 1152, 1680, 648, 1764, 1440, 1296, 1584, 2208, 1152, 1764, 1800, 1728, 1728, 2808

Offset: 1

Jianing Song, Sep 19 2018

Equivalent of phi (A000010) in the ring of Eisenstein integers.
Number of units in the ring Z[w]/nZ[w], where Z[w] is the ring of Eisenstein integers.
a(n) is the number of elements in G(n) = {a + b*w: a, b in Z/nZ and gcd(a^2 + a*b + b^2, n) = 1} where w = (1 + sqrt(3)*i)/2.
a(n) is the number of ordered pairs (a, b) modulo n such that gcd(a^2 + a*b + b^2, n) = 1.
For n > 2, a(n) is divisible by 6.

			Let w = (1 + sqrt(3)*i)/2, w' = (1 - sqrt(3)*i)/2.
{1, w, w'} is the set of 3 units in the Eisenstein integers modulo 2, so a(2) = 3.
{1, w, w^2, -1, w', w'^2} is the set of 6 units in the Eisenstein integers modulo 3, so a(3) = 6.
{1, w, w'} is the set of 3 units in the Eisenstein integers modulo 2, so a(2) = 3.
{1, w, 1 + w, w', 1 + w', -1 + 2w, -1, -w, -1 - w, -w', -1 - w', -1 + 2w'} is the set of 12 units in the Eisenstein integers modulo 4, so a(4) = 12.

Jianing Song, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Wikipedia, Eisenstein integer

Cf. A007434.
Equivalent of arithmetic functions in the ring of Eisenstein integers (the corresponding functions in the ring of integers are in the parentheses): A319442 ("d", A000005), A319449 ("sigma", A000203), this sequence ("phi", A000010), A319446 ("psi", A002322), A319443 ("omega", A001221), A319444 ("Omega", A001222), A319448 ("mu", A008683).
Equivalent in the ring of Gaussian integers: A079458.

f[p_, e_] := If[p == 3 , 2*3^(2*e - 1), Switch[Mod[p, 3], 1, (p - 1)^2*p^(2*e - 2), 2, (p^2 - 1)*p^(2*e - 2)]]; eisPhi[1] = 1; eisPhi[n_] := Times @@ f @@@ FactorInteger[n]; Array[eisPhi, 100] (* Amiram Eldar, Feb 10 2020 *)

a(n)=
{
    my(r=1, f=factor(n));
    for(j=1, #f[, 1], my(p=f[j, 1], e=f[j, 2]);
        if(p==3, r*=2*3^(2*e-1));
        if(p%3==1, r*=(p-1)^2*p^(2*e-2));
        if(p%3==2, r*=(p^2-1)*p^(2*e-2));
    );
    return(r);
}

Multiplicative with a(3^e) = 2*3^(2*e-1), a(p^e) = phi(p^e)^2 = (p-1)^2*p^(2*e-2) if p == 1 (mod 3) and J_2(p^e) = A007434(p^e) = (p^2 - 1)*p^(2*e-2) if p == 2 (mod 3).

Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) ~ c * n^3, where c = (8/27) * Product_{p prime == 1 (mod 3)} (1 - 2/p^2 + 1/p^3) * Product_{p prime == 2 (mod 3)} (1 - 1/p^3) = 0.2410535987... . - Amiram Eldar, Feb 13 2024

A227334 Exponent of the group of the Gaussian integers in a reduced system modulo n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 8, 4, 4, 8, 48, 4, 24, 4, 120, 8, 12, 48, 8, 8, 16, 24, 360, 4, 48, 120, 528, 8, 20, 12, 72, 48, 28, 8, 960, 16, 120, 16, 48, 24, 36, 360, 24, 4, 40, 48, 1848, 120, 24, 528, 2208, 8, 336, 20, 16, 12, 52, 72, 120, 48, 360, 28, 3480, 8, 60, 960, 48, 32

Offset: 1

José María Grau Ribas, Jul 07 2013

nonn

a(n) is the exponent of the multiplicative group of Gaussian integers modulo n, i.e., (Z[i]/nZ[i])* = {a + b*i: a, b in Z/nZ and gcd(a^2 + b^2, n) = 1}. The number of elements in (Z[i]/nZ[i])* is A079458(n).
For n > 2, a(n) is divisible by 4. - Jianing Song, Aug 29 2018
From Jianing Song, Sep 23 2018: (Start)
Equivalent of psi (A002322) in the ring of Gaussian integers.
a(n) is the smallest positive e such that for any Gaussian integer z coprime to n we have z^e == 1 (mod n).
By definition, A079458(n)/a(n) is always an integer, and is 1 iff (Z[i]/nZ[i])* is cyclic, that is, rank((Z[i]/nZ[i])*) = A316506(n) = 0 or 1, and n has a primitive root in (Z[i]/nZ[i])*. A079458(n)/a(n) = 1 iff n = 1, 2 or a prime congruent to 3 modulo 4. (End)

			Let G = (Z[i]/4Z[i])* = {i, 3i, 1, 1 + 2i, 2 + i, 2 + 3i, 3, 3 + 2i}. The possibilities for the exponent of G are 8, 4, 2 and 1. G^4 = {x^4 mod 4 : x belongs to G} = {1} and i^2 !== 1 (mod 4). Therefore, the exponent of G is greater than 2, accordingly the exponent of G is 4 and a(4) = 4.

Jianing Song, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Wikipedia, Gaussian integer
Wikipedia, Torsion group

Equivalent of arithmetic functions in the ring of Gaussian integers (the corresponding functions in the ring of integers are in the parentheses): A062327 ("d", A000005), A317797 ("sigma", A000203), A079458 ("phi", A000010), this sequence ("psi", A002322), A086275 ("omega", A001221), A078458 ("Omega", A001222), A318608 ("mu", A008683).

Equivalent in the ring of Eisenstein integers: A319446.

fa = FactorInteger;lamas[1] = 1;lamas[p_, s_]:= Which[Mod[p, 4]==3,p^(s-1)(p^2 - 1), Mod[p, 4] == 1, p^(s - 1)(p - 1), s ≥ 4, 2^(s - 1), s > 1, 4, s == 1, 2]; lamas[n_] := {aux = 1; Do[aux = LCM[aux, lamas[fa[n][[i, 1]], fa[n][[i, 2]]]], {i, 1, Length@fa[n]}]; aux}[[1]]; Table[lamas[n], {n, 100}]

a(n)=
{
    my(r=1, f=factor(n));
    for(j=1, #f[, 1], my(p=f[j, 1], e=f[j, 2]);
        if(p==2&&e<=2, r=lcm(r,2^e));
        if(p==2&&e>=3, r=lcm(r,2^(e-1)));
        if(p%4==1, r=lcm(r,(p-1)*p^(e-1)));
        if(p%4==3, r=lcm(r,(p^2-1)*p^(e-1)));
    );
    return(r);
} \\ Jianing Song, Aug 29 2018

a(2^e) = 2^e if e <= 2 and 2^(e-1) if e >= 3, a(p^e) = (p - 1)*p^(e-1) if p == 1 (mod 4) and (p^2 - 1)*p^(e-1) if p == 3 (mod 4). If gcd(m, n) = 1 then a(mn) = lcm(a(m), a(n)). - Jianing Song, Aug 29 2018 [See the group structure of (Z[i]/(pi^e)Z[i])* in A316506, where pi is a prime element in Z[i]. - Jianing Song, Oct 03 2022]

A238533 Number of solutions to gcd(x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + t^2 + h^2, n) = 1 with x,y,z,t,h in [0,n-1].

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 16, 162, 512, 2500, 2592, 14406, 16384, 39366, 40000, 146410, 82944, 342732, 230496, 405000, 524288, 1336336, 629856, 2345778, 1280000, 2333772, 2342560, 6156502, 2654208, 7812500, 5483712, 9565938, 7375872, 19803868, 6480000, 27705630, 16777216, 23718420

Offset: 1

José María Grau Ribas, Feb 28 2014

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Param Parekh, Paavan Parekh, Sourav Deb, and Manish K. Gupta, On the Classification of Weierstrass Elliptic Curves over Z_n, arXiv:2310.11768 [cs.CR], 2023. See p. 9.

Cf. A079458, A227499, A238534.

Cf. n^k * a(n): A000010 (k=-4), A002618 (k=-3), A053191 (k=-2), A189393 (k=-1), A239442 (k=2), A239443 (k=4).

g[n_, 5] := g[n, 5] = Sum[If[GCD[x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + t^2 + h^2, n] == 1, 1, 0], {x, n}, {y, n}, {z, n}, {t, n}, {h, n}];Table[g[n,5] , {n, 1, 15}]
Table[n^4 * EulerPhi[n], {n, 1, 33}] (* Amiram Eldar, Dec 06 2020 *)

From Álvar Ibeas, Nov 24 2017: (Start)
a(n) = phi(n^5) = n^4 * phi(n), where phi=A000010.
Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s - 5) / zeta(s - 4). The n-th term of the Dirichlet inverse is n^4 * A023900(n) = (-1)^omega(n) * a(n) / A003557(n), where omega = A001221.
(End)
Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) ~ n^6 / Pi^2. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Feb 02 2019
Sum_{n>=1} 1/a(n) = Product_{p prime} (1 + p/(p^6 - p^5 - p + 1)) = 1.07162935672651489627... - Amiram Eldar, Dec 06 2020

A317797 Sum of the norm of divisors of n over Gaussian integers, with associated divisors counted only once.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 7, 10, 31, 36, 70, 50, 127, 91, 252, 122, 310, 196, 350, 360, 511, 324, 637, 362, 1116, 500, 854, 530, 1270, 961, 1372, 820, 1550, 900, 2520, 962, 2047, 1220, 2268, 1800, 2821, 1444, 2534, 1960, 4572, 1764, 3500, 1850, 3782, 3276, 3710, 2210, 5110, 2451, 6727

Offset: 1

Jianing Song, Aug 07 2018

Equivalent of sigma (A000203) in the ring of Gaussian integers. Note that only norms are summed up.

			Let ||d|| denote the norm of d.
a(2) = ||1|| + ||1 + i|| + ||2|| = 1 + 2 + 4 = 7.
a(5) = ||1|| + ||2 + i|| + ||2 - i|| + ||5|| = 1 + 5 + 5 + 25 = 36. Note that 2 - i and 1 + 2i are associated so their norm is only counted once.

Jianing Song, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Wikipedia, Gaussian integer

Cf. A001157.
Equivalent of arithmetic functions in the ring of Gaussian integers (the corresponding functions in the ring of integers are in the parentheses): A062327 ("d", A000005), this sequence ("sigma", A000203), A079458 ("phi", A000010), A227334 ("psi", A002322), A086275 ("omega", A001221), A078458 ("Omega", A001222), A318608 ("mu", A008683).
Equivalent in the ring of Eisenstein integers: A319449.

f[p_, e_] := If[p == 2, 2^(2*e + 1) - 1, Switch[Mod[p, 4], 1, ((p^(e + 1) - 1)/(p - 1))^2, 3, (p^(2 e + 2) - 1)/(p^2 - 1)]]; a[1] = 1; a[n_] := Times @@ f @@@ FactorInteger[n]; Array[a, 100] (* Amiram Eldar, Feb 12 2020 *)

a(n)=
{
    my(r=1, f=factor(n));
    for(j=1, #f[, 1], my(p=f[j, 1], e=f[j, 2]);
        if(p==2, r*=(2^(2*e+1)-1));
        if(Mod(p,4)==1, r*=((p^(e+1)-1)/(p-1))^2);
        if(Mod(p,4)==3, r*=(p^(2*e+2)-1)/(p^2-1));
    );
    return(r);
}

Multiplicative with a(2^e) = sigma(2^(2e)) = 2^(2e+1) - 1, a(p^e) = sigma(p^e)^2 = ((p^(e+1) - 1)/(p - 1))^2 if p == 1 (mod 4) and sigma_2(p^e) = A001157(p^e) = (p^(2e+2) - 1)/(p^2 - 1) if p == 3 (mod 4).

cp's OEIS Frontend

A239614 a(n) = A239611(n) / A079458(n).

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A127473 a(n) = phi(n)^2.

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A062327 Number of divisors of n over the Gaussian integers.

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A078458 Total number of factors in a factorization of n into Gaussian primes.

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A227499 Number of the Lipschitz quaternions in a reduced system modulo n.

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A086275 Number of distinct Gaussian primes in the factorization of n.

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A319445 Number of Eisenstein integers in a reduced system modulo n.

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