cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

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A000088 Number of simple graphs on n unlabeled nodes.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 11, 34, 156, 1044, 12346, 274668, 12005168, 1018997864, 165091172592, 50502031367952, 29054155657235488, 31426485969804308768, 64001015704527557894928, 245935864153532932683719776, 1787577725145611700547878190848, 24637809253125004524383007491432768
Offset: 0

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Author

Keywords

Comments

Euler transform of the sequence A001349.
Also, number of equivalence classes of sign patterns of totally nonzero symmetric n X n matrices.

References

  • Miklos Bona, editor, Handbook of Enumerative Combinatorics, CRC Press, 2015, page 430.
  • J. L. Gross and J. Yellen, eds., Handbook of Graph Theory, CRC Press, 2004; p. 519.
  • F. Harary, Graph Theory. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1969, p. 214.
  • F. Harary and E. M. Palmer, Graphical Enumeration, Academic Press, NY, 1973, p. 240.
  • Thomas Boyer-Kassem, Conor Mayo-Wilson, Scientific Collaboration and Collective Knowledge: New Essays, New York, Oxford University Press, 2018, see page 47.
  • M. Kauers and P. Paule, The Concrete Tetrahedron, Springer 2011, p. 54.
  • Lupanov, O. B. Asymptotic estimates of the number of graphs with n edges. (Russian) Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 126 1959 498--500. MR0109796 (22 #681).
  • M. D. McIlroy, Calculation of numbers of structures of relations on finite sets, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Quarterly Progress Reports, No. 17, Sep. 15, 1955, pp. 14-22.
  • R. C. Read and R. J. Wilson, An Atlas of Graphs, Oxford, 1998.
  • R. W. Robinson, Numerical implementation of graph counting algorithms, AGRC Grant, Math. Dept., Univ. Newcastle, Australia, 1976.
  • N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
  • N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Crossrefs

Partial sums of A002494.
Cf. A000666 (graphs with loops), A001349 (connected graphs), A002218, A006290, A003083.
Column k=1 of A063841.
Column k=2 of A309858.
Row sums of A008406.
Cf. also A000055, A000664.
Partial sums are A006897.

Programs

  • Maple
    # To produce all graphs on 4 nodes, for example:
    with(GraphTheory):
    L:=[NonIsomorphicGraphs](4,output=graphs,outputform=adjacency): # N. J. A. Sloane, Oct 07 2013
    seq(GraphTheory[NonIsomorphicGraphs](n,output=count),n=1..10); # Juergen Will, Jan 02 2018
    # alternative Maple program:
    b:= proc(n, i, l) `if`(n=0 or i=1, 1/n!*2^((p-> add(ceil((p[j]-1)/2)
          +add(igcd(p[k], p[j]), k=1..j-1), j=1..nops(p)))([l[], 1$n])),
           add(b(n-i*j, i-1, [l[], i$j])/j!/i^j, j=0..n/i))
        end:
    a:= n-> b(n$2, []):
    seq(a(n), n=0..20);  # Alois P. Heinz, Aug 14 2019
  • Mathematica
    Needs["Combinatorica`"]
    Table[NumberOfGraphs[n], {n, 0, 19}] (* Geoffrey Critzer, Mar 12 2011 *)
    permcount[v_] := Module[{m = 1, s = 0, k = 0, t}, For[i = 1, i <= Length[v], i++, t = v[[i]]; k = If[i > 1 && t == v[[i - 1]], k + 1, 1]; m *= t*k; s += t]; s!/m];
    edges[v_] := Sum[GCD[v[[i]], v[[j]]], {i, 2, Length[v]}, {j, 1, i - 1}] + Total[Quotient[v, 2]];
    a[n_] := Module[{s = 0}, Do[s += permcount[p]*2^edges[p], {p, IntegerPartitions[n]}]; s/n!];
    Table[a[n], {n, 0, 20}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 05 2018, after Andrew Howroyd *)
    b[n_, i_, l_] := If[n==0 || i==1, 1/n!*2^(Function[p, Sum[Ceiling[(p[[j]]-1 )/2]+Sum[GCD[p[[k]], p[[j]]], {k, 1, j-1}], {j, 1, Length[p]}]][Join[l, Table[1, {n}]]]), Sum[b[n-i*j, i-1, Join[l, Table[i, {j}]]]/j!/i^j, {j, 0, n/i}]];
    a[n_] := b[n, n, {}];
    a /@ Range[0, 20] (* Jean-François Alcover, Dec 03 2019, after Alois P. Heinz *)
  • PARI
    permcount(v) = {my(m=1,s=0,k=0,t); for(i=1,#v,t=v[i]; k=if(i>1&&t==v[i-1],k+1,1); m*=t*k;s+=t); s!/m}
    edges(v) = {sum(i=2, #v, sum(j=1, i-1, gcd(v[i],v[j]))) + sum(i=1, #v, v[i]\2)}
    a(n) = {my(s=0); forpart(p=n, s+=permcount(p)*2^edges(p)); s/n!} \\ Andrew Howroyd, Oct 22 2017
    
  • Python
    from itertools import combinations
    from math import prod, factorial, gcd
    from fractions import Fraction
    from sympy.utilities.iterables import partitions
    def A000088(n): return int(sum(Fraction(1<>1)*r+(q*r*(r-1)>>1) for q, r in p.items()),prod(q**r*factorial(r) for q, r in p.items())) for p in partitions(n))) # Chai Wah Wu, Jul 02 2024
  • Sage
    def a(n):
        return len(list(graphs(n)))
    # Ralf Stephan, May 30 2014
    

Formula

a(n) = 2^binomial(n, 2)/n!*(1+(n^2-n)/2^(n-1)+8*n!/(n-4)!*(3*n-7)*(3*n-9)/2^(2*n)+O(n^5/2^(5*n/2))) (see Harary, Palmer reference). - Vladeta Jovovic and Benoit Cloitre, Feb 01 2003
a(n) = 2^binomial(n, 2)/n!*[1+2*n$2*2^{-n}+8/3*n$3*(3n-7)*2^{-2n}+64/3*n$4*(4n^2-34n+75)*2^{-3n}+O(n^8*2^{-4*n})] where n$k is the falling factorial: n$k = n(n-1)(n-2)...(n-k+1). - Keith Briggs, Oct 24 2005
From David Pasino (davepasino(AT)yahoo.com), Jan 31 2009: (Start)
a(n) = a(n, 2), where a(n, t) is the number of t-uniform hypergraphs on n unlabeled nodes (cf. A000665 for t = 3 and A051240 for t = 4).
a(n, t) = Sum_{c : 1*c_1+2*c_2+...+n*c_n=n} per(c)*2^f(c), where:
..per(c) = 1/(Product_{i=1..n} c_i!*i^c_i);
..f(c) = (1/ord(c)) * Sum_{r=1..ord(c)} Sum_{x : 1*x_1+2*x_2+...+t*x_t=t} Product_{k=1..t} binomial(y(r, k; c), x_k);
..ord(c) = lcm{i : c_i>0};
..y(r, k; c) = Sum_{s|r : gcd(k, r/s)=1} s*c_(k*s) is the number of k-cycles of the r-th power of a permutation of type c. (End)
a(n) ~ 2^binomial(n,2)/n! [see Flajolet and Sedgewick p. 106, Gross and Yellen, p. 519, etc.]. - N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 11 2013
For asymptotics see also Lupanov 1959, 1960, also Turner and Kautz, p. 18. - N. J. A. Sloane, Apr 08 2014
a(n) = G(1) where G(z) = (1/n!) Sum_g det(I-g z^2)/det(I-g z) and g runs through the natural matrix n X n representation of the pair group A^2_n (for A^2_n see F. Harary and E. M. Palmer, Graphical Enumeration, page 83). - Leonid Bedratyuk, May 02 2015
From Keith Briggs, Jun 24 2016: (Start)
a(n) = 2^binomial(n,2)/n!*(
1+
2^( -n + 1)*n$2+
2^(-2*n + 3)*n$3*(n-7/3)+
2^(-3*n + 6)*n$4*(4*n^2/3 - 34*n/3 + 25) +
2^(-4*n + 10)*n$5*(8*n^3/3 - 142*n^2/3 + 2528*n/9 - 24914/45) +
2^(-5*n + 15)*n$6*(128*n^4/15 - 2296*n^3/9 + 25604*n^2/9 - 630554*n/45 + 25704) +
2^(-6*n + 21)*n$7*(2048*n^5/45 - 18416*n^4/9 + 329288*n^3/9 - 131680816*n^2/405 + 193822388*n/135 - 7143499196/2835) + ...),
where n$k is the falling factorial: n$k = n(n-1)(n-2)...(n-k+1), using the method of Wright 1969.
(End)
a(n) = 1/n*Sum_{k=1..n} a(n-k)*A003083(k). - Andrey Zabolotskiy, Aug 11 2020

Extensions

Harary gives an incorrect value for a(8); compare A007149

A051037 5-smooth numbers, i.e., numbers whose prime divisors are all <= 5.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 18, 20, 24, 25, 27, 30, 32, 36, 40, 45, 48, 50, 54, 60, 64, 72, 75, 80, 81, 90, 96, 100, 108, 120, 125, 128, 135, 144, 150, 160, 162, 180, 192, 200, 216, 225, 240, 243, 250, 256, 270, 288, 300, 320, 324, 360, 375, 384, 400, 405
Offset: 1

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Keywords

Comments

Sometimes called the Hamming sequence, since Hamming asked for an efficient algorithm to generate the list, in ascending order, of all numbers of the form 2^i*3^j*5^k for i,j,k >= 0. The problem was popularized by Edsger Dijkstra.
Numbers k such that 8*k = EulerPhi(30*k). - Artur Jasinski, Nov 05 2008
Where record values greater than 1 occur in A165704: A165705(n) = A165704(a(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Sep 26 2009
Also called "harmonic whole numbers", see Howard and Longair, 1982, Table I, page 121. - Hugo Pfoertner, Jul 16 2020
Also called ugly numbers, although it is not clear why. - Gus Wiseman, May 21 2021
Some woody bamboo species have extraordinarily long and stable flowering intervals that belong to this sequence. The model by Veller, Nowak & Davis justifies this observation from the evolutionary point of view. - Andrey Zabolotskiy, Jun 27 2021
Also those integers k for which, for every prime p > 5, p^(4*k) - 1 == 0 (mod 240*k). - Federico Provvedi, May 23 2022
As noted in the comments to A085152, Størmer's theorem implies that the only pairs of consecutive integers that appear as consecutive terms of this sequence are (1,2), (2,3), (3,4), (4,5), (5,6), (8,9), (9,10), (15,16), (24,25), and (80,81). These all represent significant musical intervals. - Hal M. Switkay, Dec 05 2022

Examples

			From _Gus Wiseman_, May 21 2021: (Start)
The sequence of terms together with their prime indices begins:
      1: {}            25: {3,3}
      2: {1}           27: {2,2,2}
      3: {2}           30: {1,2,3}
      4: {1,1}         32: {1,1,1,1,1}
      5: {3}           36: {1,1,2,2}
      6: {1,2}         40: {1,1,1,3}
      8: {1,1,1}       45: {2,2,3}
      9: {2,2}         48: {1,1,1,1,2}
     10: {1,3}         50: {1,3,3}
     12: {1,1,2}       54: {1,2,2,2}
     15: {2,3}         60: {1,1,2,3}
     16: {1,1,1,1}     64: {1,1,1,1,1,1}
     18: {1,2,2}       72: {1,1,1,2,2}
     20: {1,1,3}       75: {2,3,3}
     24: {1,1,1,2}     80: {1,1,1,1,3}
(End)
		

Crossrefs

Subsequences: A003592, A003593, A051916 , A257997.
For p-smooth numbers with other values of p, see A003586, A002473, A051038, A080197, A080681, A080682, A080683.
The partitions with these Heinz numbers are counted by A001399.
The conjugate opposite is A033942, counted by A004250.
The opposite is A059485, counted by A004250.
The non-3-smooth case is A080193, counted by A069905.
The conjugate is A037144, counted by A001399.
The complement is A279622, counted by A035300.
Requiring the sum of prime indices to be even gives A344297.

Programs

  • Haskell
    import Data.Set (singleton, deleteFindMin, insert)
    a051037 n = a051037_list !! (n-1)
    a051037_list = f $ singleton 1 where
       f s = y : f (insert (5 * y) $ insert (3 * y) $ insert (2 * y) s')
                   where (y, s') = deleteFindMin s
    -- Reinhard Zumkeller, May 16 2015
    
  • Magma
    [n: n in [1..500] | PrimeDivisors(n) subset [2,3,5]]; // Bruno Berselli, Sep 24 2012
    
  • Maple
    A051037 := proc(n)
        option remember;
        local a;
        if n = 1 then
            1;
        else
            for a from procname(n-1)+1 do
                numtheory[factorset](a) minus {2, 3,5 } ;
                if % = {} then
                    return a;
                end if;
            end do:
        end if;
    end proc:
    seq(A051037(n),n=1..100) ; # R. J. Mathar, Nov 05 2017
  • Mathematica
    mx = 405; Sort@ Flatten@ Table[ 2^a*3^b*5^c, {a, 0, Log[2, mx]}, {b, 0, Log[3, mx/2^a]}, {c, 0, Log[5, mx/(2^a*3^b)]}] (* Or *)
    Select[ Range@ 405, Last@ Map[First, FactorInteger@ #] < 7 &] (* Robert G. Wilson v *)
    With[{nn=10},Select[Union[Times@@@Flatten[Table[Tuples[{2,3,5},n],{n,0,nn}],1]],#<=2^nn&]] (* Harvey P. Dale, Feb 28 2022 *)
  • PARI
    test(n)= {m=n; forprime(p=2,5, while(m%p==0,m=m/p)); return(m==1)}
    for(n=1,500,if(test(n),print1(n",")))
    
  • PARI
    a(n)=local(m); if(n<1,0,n=a(n-1); until(if(m=n, forprime(p=2,5, while(m%p==0,m/=p)); m==1),n++); n)
    
  • PARI
    list(lim)=my(v=List(),s,t); for(i=0,logint(lim\=1,5), t=5^i; for(j=0,logint(lim\t,3), s=t*3^j; while(s<=lim, listput(v,s); s<<=1))); Set(v) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Sep 21 2011; updated Sep 19 2016
    
  • PARI
    smooth(P:vec,lim)={ my(v=List([1]),nxt=vector(#P,i,1),indx,t);
    while(1, t=vecmin(vector(#P,i,v[nxt[i]]*P[i]),&indx);
    if(t>lim,break); if(t>v[#v],listput(v,t)); nxt[indx]++);
    Vec(v)
    };
    smooth([2,3,5], 1e4) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Dec 03 2013
    
  • PARI
    is_A051037(n)=n<7||vecmax(factor(n,6)[, 1])<7 \\ M. F. Hasler, Jan 16 2015
    
  • Python
    def isok(n):
      while n & 1 == 0: n >>= 1
      while n % 3 == 0: n //= 3
      while n % 5 == 0: n //= 5
      return n == 1 #  Darío Clavijo, Dec 30 2022
    
  • Python
    from sympy import integer_log
    def A051037(n):
        def bisection(f,kmin=0,kmax=1):
            while f(kmax) > kmax: kmax <<= 1
            while kmax-kmin > 1:
                kmid = kmax+kmin>>1
                if f(kmid) <= kmid:
                    kmax = kmid
                else:
                    kmin = kmid
            return kmax
        def f(x):
            c = n+x
            for i in range(integer_log(x,5)[0]+1):
                for j in range(integer_log(y:=x//5**i,3)[0]+1):
                    c -= (y//3**j).bit_length()
            return c
        return bisection(f,n,n) # Chai Wah Wu, Sep 16 2024
    
  • Python
    # faster for initial segment of sequence
    import heapq
    from itertools import islice
    def A051037gen(): # generator of terms
        v, oldv, h, psmooth_primes, = 1, 0, [1], [2, 3, 5]
        while True:
            v = heapq.heappop(h)
            if v != oldv:
                yield v
                oldv = v
                for p in psmooth_primes:
                        heapq.heappush(h, v*p)
    print(list(islice(A051037gen(), 65))) # Michael S. Branicky, Sep 17 2024

Formula

Let s(n) = Card(k | a(k)Benoit Cloitre, Dec 30 2001
The characteristic function of this sequence is given by:
Sum_{n>=1} x^a(n) = Sum_{n>=1} -Möbius(30*n)*x^n/(1-x^n). - Paul D. Hanna, Sep 18 2011
a(n) = A143207(n) / 30. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Sep 13 2011
A204455(15*a(n)) = 15, and only for these numbers. - Wolfdieter Lang, Feb 04 2012
A006530(a(n)) <= 5. - Reinhard Zumkeller, May 16 2015
Sum_{n>=1} 1/a(n) = Product_{primes p <= 5} p/(p-1) = (2*3*5)/(1*2*4) = 15/4. - Amiram Eldar, Sep 22 2020

A000569 Number of graphical partitions of 2n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 5, 9, 17, 31, 54, 90, 151, 244, 387, 607, 933, 1420, 2136, 3173, 4657, 6799, 9803, 14048, 19956, 28179, 39467, 54996, 76104, 104802, 143481, 195485, 264941, 357635, 480408, 642723, 856398, 1136715, 1503172, 1980785
Offset: 1

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Author

Keywords

Comments

A partition of n is a sequence p_1, ..., p_k for some k with p_1 >= p_2 >= ... >= p_k and p_1+...+p_k=n. A partition is graphical if it is the degree sequence of a simple graph (this requires that n be even). Some authors set a(0)=1 by convention.

Examples

			a(2)=2: the graphical partitions of 4 are 2+1+1 and 1+1+1+1, corresponding to the degree sequences of the graphs V and ||.
From _Gus Wiseman_, Oct 26 2018: (Start)
The a(1) = 1 through a(5) = 17 graphical partitions:
  (11)  (211)   (222)     (2222)      (3322)
        (1111)  (2211)    (3221)      (22222)
                (3111)    (22211)     (32221)
                (21111)   (32111)     (33211)
                (111111)  (41111)     (42211)
                          (221111)    (222211)
                          (311111)    (322111)
                          (2111111)   (331111)
                          (11111111)  (421111)
                                      (511111)
                                      (2221111)
                                      (3211111)
                                      (4111111)
                                      (22111111)
                                      (31111111)
                                      (211111111)
                                      (1111111111)
(End)
		

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Mathematica
    << MathWorld`Graphs`
    Table[Count[RealizeDegreeSequence /@ Partitions[n], _Graph], {n, 2, 20, 2}]
    (* second program *)
    prptns[m_]:=Union[Sort/@If[Length[m]==0,{{}},Join@@Table[Prepend[#,m[[ipr]]]&/@prptns[Delete[m,List/@ipr]],{ipr,Select[Prepend[{#},1]&/@Select[Range[2,Length[m]],m[[#]]>m[[#-1]]&],UnsameQ@@m[[#]]&]}]]];
    strnorm[n_]:=Flatten[MapIndexed[Table[#2,{#1}]&,#]]&/@IntegerPartitions[n];
    Table[Length[Select[strnorm[2*n],Select[prptns[#],UnsameQ@@#&]!={}&]],{n,6}] (* Gus Wiseman, Oct 26 2018 *)

A004251 Number of graphical partitions (degree-vectors for simple graphs with n vertices, or possible ordered row-sum vectors for a symmetric 0-1 matrix with diagonal values 0).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 4, 11, 31, 102, 342, 1213, 4361, 16016, 59348, 222117, 836315, 3166852, 12042620, 45967479, 176005709, 675759564, 2600672458, 10029832754, 38753710486, 149990133774, 581393603996, 2256710139346, 8770547818956, 34125389919850, 132919443189544, 518232001761434, 2022337118015338, 7898574056034636, 30873421455729728
Offset: 0

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Keywords

Comments

In other words, a(n) is the number of graphic sequences of length n, where a graphic sequence is a sequence of numbers which can be the degree sequence of some graph.
In the article by A. Iványi, G. Gombos, L. Lucz, and T. Matuszka, "Parallel enumeration of degree sequences of simple graphs II", in Table 4 on page 260 the values a(30) = 7898574056034638 and a(31) = 30873429530206738 are incorrect due to the incorrect Gz(30) = 5876236938019300 and Gz(31) = 22974847474172100. - Wang Kai, Jun 05 2016

Examples

			For n = 3, there are 4 different graphic sequences possible: 0 0 0; 1 1 0; 2 1 1; 2 2 2. - Daan van Berkel (daan.v.berkel.1980(AT)gmail.com), Jun 25 2010
From _Gus Wiseman_, Dec 31 2020: (Start)
The a(0) = 1 through a(4) = 11 sorted degree sequences:
  ()  (0)  (0,0)  (0,0,0)  (0,0,0,0)
           (1,1)  (0,1,1)  (0,0,1,1)
                  (1,1,2)  (0,1,1,2)
                  (2,2,2)  (0,2,2,2)
                           (1,1,1,1)
                           (1,1,1,3)
                           (1,1,2,2)
                           (1,2,2,3)
                           (2,2,2,2)
                           (2,2,3,3)
                           (3,3,3,3)
For example, the graph {{2,3},{2,4}} has degrees (0,2,1,1), so (0,1,1,2) is counted under a(4).
(End)
		

References

  • R. A. Brualdi and H. J. Ryser, Combinatorial Matrix Theory, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1992.
  • N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
  • P. R. Stein, On the number of graphical partitions, pp. 671-684 of Proc. 9th S-E Conf. Combinatorics, Graph Theory, Computing, Congr. Numer. 21 (1978).

Crossrefs

Counting the positive partitions by sum gives A000569, ranked by A320922.
The version with half-loops is A029889, with covering case A339843.
The covering case (no zeros) is A095268.
Covering simple graphs are ranked by A309356 and A320458.
Non-graphical partitions are counted by A339617 and ranked by A339618.
The version with loops is A339844, with covering case A339845.
A006125 counts simple graphs, with covering case A006129.
A027187 counts partitions of even length, ranked by A028260.
A058696 counts partitions of even numbers, ranked by A300061.
A320921 counts connected graphical partitions.
A322353 counts factorizations into distinct semiprimes.
A339659 counts graphical partitions of 2n into k parts.
A339661 counts factorizations into distinct squarefree semiprimes.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Table[Length[Union[Sort[Table[Count[Join@@#,i],{i,n}]]&/@Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{2}]]]],{n,0,5}] (* Gus Wiseman, Dec 31 2020 *)

Formula

G.f. = 1 + x + 2*x^2 + 4*x^3 + 11*x^4 + 31*x^5 + 102*x^6 + 342*x^7 + 1213*x^8 + ...
a(n) ~ c * 4^n / n^(3/4) for some constant c > 0. Computational estimates suggest c ≈ 0.099094. - Tom Johnston, Jan 18 2023

Extensions

More terms from Torsten Sillke, torsten.sillke(AT)lhsystems.com, using Cor. 6.3.3, Th. 6.3.6, Cor. 6.2.5 of Brualdi-Ryser.
a(19) from Herman Jamke (hermanjamke(AT)fastmail.fm), May 19 2007
a(20)-a(23) from Nathann Cohen, Jul 09 2011
a(24)-a(29) from Antal Iványi, Nov 15 2011
a(30) and a(31) corrected by Wang Kai, Jun 05 2016

A029889 Number of graphical partitions (degree-vectors for graphs with n vertices, allowing self-loops which count as degree 1; or possible ordered row-sum vectors for a symmetric 0-1 matrix).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 5, 14, 43, 140, 476, 1664, 5939, 21518, 78876, 291784, 1087441, 4077662, 15369327, 58184110, 221104527, 842990294, 3223339023
Offset: 0

Views

Author

torsten.sillke(AT)lhsystems.com

Keywords

Comments

I call loops of degree one half-loops, so these are half-loop-graphs or graphs with half-loops. - Gus Wiseman, Dec 31 2020

Examples

			From _Gus Wiseman_, Dec 31 2020: (Start)
The a(0) = 1 through a(3) = 14 sorted degree sequences:
  ()  (0)  (0,0)  (0,0,0)
      (1)  (1,0)  (1,0,0)
           (1,1)  (1,1,0)
           (2,1)  (2,1,0)
           (2,2)  (2,2,0)
                  (1,1,1)
                  (2,1,1)
                  (3,1,1)
                  (2,2,1)
                  (3,2,1)
                  (2,2,2)
                  (3,2,2)
                  (3,3,2)
                  (3,3,3)
For example, the half-loop-graph
  {{1,3},{3}}
has degrees (1,0,2), so (2,1,0) is counted under a(3). The half-loop-graphs
  {{1},{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}
  {{1},{2},{3},{1,2},{1,3}}
both have degrees (3,2,2), so (3,2,2) is counted under a(3).
(End)
		

References

  • R. A. Brualdi, H. J. Ryser, Combinatorial Matrix Theory, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1992.

Crossrefs

Non-half-loop-graphical partitions are conjectured to be counted by A321728.
The covering case (no zeros) is A339843.
MM-numbers of half-loop-graphs are given by A340018 and A340019.
A004251 counts degree sequences of graphs, with covering case A095268.
A320663 counts unlabeled multiset partitions into singletons/pairs.
A339659 is a triangle counting graphical partitions.
A339844 counts degree sequences of loop-graphs, with covering case A339845.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Table[Length[Union[Sort[Table[Count[Join@@#,i],{i,n}]]&/@Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,2}]]]],{n,0,5}] (* Gus Wiseman, Dec 31 2020 *)

Formula

Calculated using Cor. 6.3.3, Th. 6.3.6, Cor. 6.2.5 of Brualdi-Ryser.
a(n) = A029890(n) + A029891(n). - Andrew Howroyd, Apr 18 2021

Extensions

a(0) = 1 prepended by Gus Wiseman, Dec 31 2020

A339659 Irregular triangle read by rows where T(n,k) is the number of graphical partitions of 2n into k parts, 0 <= k <= 2n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 3, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 4, 5, 3, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 4, 7, 7, 5, 3, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 9, 11, 11, 7, 5, 3, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 11, 15, 17, 15, 11, 7, 5, 3, 2, 1, 1
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Dec 18 2020

Keywords

Comments

Conjecture: The column sums 1, 0, 1, 2, 7, 20, 67, ... are given by A304787.
An integer partition is graphical if it comprises the multiset of vertex-degrees of some graph. Graphical partitions are counted by A000569.

Examples

			Triangle begins:
  1
  0 0 1
  0 0 0 1 1
  0 0 0 1 2 1 1
  0 0 0 0 2 3 2 1 1
  0 0 0 0 1 4 5 3 2 1 1
  0 0 0 0 1 4 7 7 5 3 2 1 1
For example, row n = 5 counts the following partitions:
  3322  22222  222211  2221111  22111111  211111111  1111111111
        32221  322111  3211111  31111111
        33211  331111  4111111
        42211  421111
               511111
		

Crossrefs

A000569 gives the row sums.
A004250 is the central column.
A005408 gives the row lengths.
A008284/A072233 is the version counting all partitions.
A259873 is the left half of the triangle.
A309356 is a universal embedding.
A027187 counts partitions of even length.
A339559 = partitions that cannot be partitioned into distinct strict pairs.
A339560 = partitions that can be partitioned into distinct strict pairs.
The following count vertex-degree partitions and give their Heinz numbers:
- A000070 counts non-multigraphical partitions of 2n (A339620).
- A000569 counts graphical partitions (A320922).
- A058696 counts partitions of 2n (A300061).
- A147878 counts connected multigraphical partitions (A320925).
- A209816 counts multigraphical partitions (A320924).
- A320921 counts connected graphical partitions (A320923).
- A321728 is conjectured to count non-half-loop-graphical partitions of n.
- A339617 counts non-graphical partitions of 2n (A339618).
- A339655 counts non-loop-graphical partitions of 2n (A339657).
- A339656 counts loop-graphical partitions (A339658).

Programs

  • Mathematica
    prpts[m_]:=If[Length[m]==0,{{}},Join@@Table[Prepend[#,ipr]&/@prpts[Fold[DeleteCases[#1,#2,{1},1]&,m,ipr]],{ipr,Subsets[Union[m],{2}]}]];
    strnorm[n_]:=Flatten[MapIndexed[Table[#2,{#1}]&,#]]&/@IntegerPartitions[n];
    Table[Length[Select[strnorm[2*n],Length[Union[#]]==k&&Select[prpts[#],UnsameQ@@#&]!={}&]],{n,0,5},{k,0,2*n}]

A095268 Number of distinct degree sequences among all n-vertex graphs with no isolated vertices.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 2, 7, 20, 71, 240, 871, 3148, 11655, 43332, 162769, 614198, 2330537, 8875768, 33924859, 130038230, 499753855, 1924912894, 7429160296, 28723877732, 111236423288, 431403470222, 1675316535350, 6513837679610, 25354842100894, 98794053269694, 385312558571890, 1504105116253904, 5876236938019298, 22974847399695092
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Eric W. Weisstein, May 31 2004

Keywords

Comments

A002494 is the number of graphs on n nodes with no isolated points and A095268 is the number of these graphs having distinct degree sequences.
Now that more terms have been computed, we can see that this is not the self-convolution of any integer sequence. - Paul D. Hanna, Aug 18 2006
Is it true that a(n+1)/a(n) tends to 4? Is there a heuristic argument why this might be true? - Gordon F. Royle, Aug 29 2006
Previous values a(30) = 5876236938019300 from Lorand Lucz, Jul 07 2013 and a(31) = 22974847474172100 from Lorand Lucz, Sep 03 2013 are wrong. New values a(30) and a(31) independently computed Kai Wang and Axel Kohnert. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Apr 15 2016
In the article by A. Iványi, G. Gombos, L. Lucz, T. Matuszka: "Parallel enumeration of degree sequences of simple graphs II" is in the tables on pages 258 and 261 a wrong value a(31) = 22974847474172100, but in the abstract another wrong value a(31) = 22974847474172374. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Apr 15 2016
The asymptotic formula given below confirms that a(n+1)/a(n) tends to 4. - Tom Johnston, Jan 18 2023

Examples

			a(4) = 7 because a 4-vertex graph with no isolated vertices can have degree sequence 1111, 2211, 2222, 3111, 3221, 3322 or 3333.
From _Gus Wiseman_, Dec 31 2020: (Start)
The a(0) = 1 through a(3) = 7 sorted degree sequences (empty column indicated by dot):
  ()  .  (1,1)  (2,1,1)  (1,1,1,1)
                (2,2,2)  (2,2,1,1)
                         (2,2,2,2)
                         (3,1,1,1)
                         (3,2,2,1)
                         (3,3,2,2)
                         (3,3,3,3)
For example, the complete graph K_4 has degrees y = (3,3,3,3), so y is counted under a(4). On the other hand, the only half-loop-graphs (up to isomorphism) with degrees y = (4,2,2,1) are: {(1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(2,3)} and {(1),(2),(3),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4)}; and since neither of these is a graph (due to having half-loops), y is not counted under a(4).
(End)
		

Crossrefs

Cf. A002494, A004250, A007721 (analog for connected graphs), A271831.
Counting the same partitions by sum gives A000569.
Allowing isolated nodes gives A004251.
The version with half-loops is A029889, with covering case A339843.
Covering simple graphs are ranked by A309356 and A320458.
Graphical partitions are ranked by A320922.
The version with loops is A339844, with covering case A339845.
A006125 counts simple graphs, with covering case A006129.
A027187 counts partitions of even length, ranked by A028260.
A058696 counts partitions of even numbers, ranked by A300061.
A339659 is a triangle counting graphical partitions.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Table[Length[Union[Sort[Table[Count[Join@@#,i],{i,n}]]&/@Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{2}]],Union@@#==Range[n]&]]],{n,0,5}] (* Gus Wiseman, Dec 31 2020 *)

Formula

a(n) ~ c * 4^n / n^(3/4) for some c > 0. Computational estimates suggest c ≈ 0.074321. - Tom Johnston, Jan 18 2023

Extensions

Edited by N. J. A. Sloane, Aug 26 2006
More terms from Gordon F. Royle, Aug 21 2006
a(21) and a(22) from Frank Ruskey, Aug 29 2006
a(23) from Frank Ruskey, Aug 31 2006
a(24)-a(29) from Matuszka Tamás, Jan 10 2013
a(30)-a(31) from articles by Kai Wang and Axel Kohnert, Apr 15 2016
a(0) = 1 and a(1) = 0 prepended by Gus Wiseman, Dec 31 2020

A058399 Triangle of partial row sums of partition triangle A008284.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 5, 4, 2, 1, 7, 6, 4, 2, 1, 11, 10, 7, 4, 2, 1, 15, 14, 11, 7, 4, 2, 1, 22, 21, 17, 12, 7, 4, 2, 1, 30, 29, 25, 18, 12, 7, 4, 2, 1, 42, 41, 36, 28, 19, 12, 7, 4, 2, 1, 56, 55, 50, 40, 29, 19, 12, 7, 4, 2, 1, 77, 76, 70, 58, 43, 30, 19, 12, 7, 4, 2, 1, 101, 100, 94, 80, 62
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Wolfdieter Lang, Dec 11 2000

Keywords

Comments

T(n,m) is also the number of m-th largest elements in all partitions of n. - Omar E. Pol, Feb 14 2012
It appears that reversed rows converge to A000070. - Omar E. Pol, Mar 10 2012
The row sums give A006128. - Omar E. Pol, Mar 26 2012
T(n,m) is also the number of regions traversed by the m-th column of the section model of partitions with n sections (Cf. A135010, A206437). - Omar E. Pol, Apr 20 2012

Examples

			From _Omar E. Pol_, Mar 10 2012: (Start)
Triangle begins:
   1;
   2,  1;
   3,  2,  1;
   5,  4,  2,  1;
   7,  6,  4,  2,  1;
  11, 10,  7,  4,  2,  1;
  15, 14, 11,  7,  4,  2,  1;
  22, 21, 17, 12,  7,  4,  2,  1;
  30, 29, 25, 18, 12,  7,  4,  2,  1;
  42, 41, 36, 28, 19, 12,  7,  4,  2,  1;
  56, 55, 50, 40, 29, 19, 12,  7,  4,  2,  1;
  77, 76, 70, 58, 43, 30, 19, 12,  7,  4,  2,  1;
(End)
		

Crossrefs

Columns 1-5: A000041(n), A000065(n+1), A004250(n+2), A035300(n-1), A035301(n-1), n >= 1.
Cf. A008284.

Programs

  • Maple
    b:= proc(n, k) option remember;
          `if`(n=0, 1, `if`(k<1, 0, add(b(n-j*k, k-1), j=0..n/k)))
        end:
    T:= (n, m)-> b(n,n) -b(n,m-1):
    seq (seq (T(n, m), m=1..n), n=1..15);  # Alois P. Heinz, Apr 20 2012
  • Mathematica
    t[n_, m_] := Sum[ IntegerPartitions[n, {k}] // Length, {k, m, n}]; Table[t[n, m], {n, 1, 13}, {m, 1, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 21 2013 *)

Formula

T(n, m) = Sum_{k=m..n} A008284(n, k).
G.f. for m-th column: Sum_{n>=1} x^(n)/Product_{k=1..n+m-1} (1 - x^k).
T(n, m) = Sum_{k=1..n} A207379(k, m). - Omar E. Pol, Apr 22 2012

A130131 Number of n-lobsters.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 6, 11, 23, 47, 105, 231, 532, 1224, 2872, 6739, 15955, 37776, 89779, 213381, 507949, 1209184, 2880382, 6861351, 16348887, 38955354, 92831577, 221219963, 527197861, 1256385522, 2994200524, 7135736613, 17005929485, 40528629737, 96588403995, 230190847410
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Eric W. Weisstein, May 11 2007

Keywords

Comments

A lobster graph is a tree having the property that the removal of all leaf nodes leaves a caterpillar graph (see A005418). - N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 05 2020

Examples

			a(10) = 105 = A000055(10) - 1 because all trees with 10 vertices are lobsters except this one:
    o-o-o
   /
  o-o-o-o
   \
    o-o-o
Also, all trees with 10 vertices are linear (all vertices of degree >2 belong to a single path) except this one:
     o   o
      \ /
       o
       |
       o
     /   \
    o     o
   / \   / \
  o   o o   o
		

Crossrefs

Row sums of A380363.
Cf. k-linear trees for k = 1..4: A004250, A338706, A338707, A338708.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    eta = QPochhammer;
    s[n_] := With[{ox = O[x]^n}, x^2 ((1/eta[x + ox] - 1/(1 - x))^2/(1 - x/eta[x + ox]) + (1/eta[x^2 + ox] - 1/(1 - x^2))(1 + x/eta[x + ox])/(1 - x^2/eta[x^2 + ox]))/2 + x/eta[x + ox] - x^3/((1 - x)^2*(1 + x))];
    CoefficientList[s[32], x] // Rest (* Jean-François Alcover, Nov 17 2020, after Andrew Howroyd *)
  • PARI
    s(n)={my(ox=O(x^n)); x^2*((1/eta(x+ox)-1/(1-x))^2/(1-x/eta(x+ox)) + (1/eta(x^2+ox)-1/(1-x^2))*(1+x/eta(x+ox))/(1-x^2/eta(x^2+ox)))/2 + x/eta(x+ox) - x^3/((1-x)^2*(1+x))}
    Vec(s(30)) \\ Andrew Howroyd, Nov 02 2017

Extensions

a(15)-a(32) from Washington Bomfim, Feb 23 2011

A349801 Number of integer partitions of n into three or more parts or into two equal parts.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 1, 3, 4, 8, 11, 18, 25, 37, 50, 71, 94, 128, 168, 223, 288, 376, 480, 617, 781, 991, 1243, 1563, 1945, 2423, 2996, 3704, 4550, 5589, 6826, 8333, 10126, 12293, 14865, 17959, 21618, 25996, 31165, 37318, 44562, 53153, 63239, 75153, 89111, 105535, 124730
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Gus Wiseman, Dec 23 2021

Keywords

Comments

This sequence arose as the following degenerate case. If we define a sequence to be alternating if it is alternately strictly increasing and strictly decreasing, starting with either, then a(n) is the number of non-alternating integer partitions of n. Under this interpretation:
- The non-strict case is A047967, weak A349796, weak complement A349795.
- The complement is counted by A065033(n) = ceiling(n/2) for n > 0.
- These partitions are ranked by A289553 \ {1}, complement A167171 \/ {1}.
- The version for compositions is A345192, ranked by A345168.
- The weak version for compositions is A349053, ranked by A349057.
- The weak version is A349061, complement A349060, ranked by A349794.

Examples

			The a(2) = 1 through a(7) = 11 partitions:
  (11)  (111)  (22)    (221)    (33)      (322)
               (211)   (311)    (222)     (331)
               (1111)  (2111)   (321)     (421)
                       (11111)  (411)     (511)
                                (2211)    (2221)
                                (3111)    (3211)
                                (21111)   (4111)
                                (111111)  (22111)
                                          (31111)
                                          (211111)
                                          (1111111)
		

Crossrefs

A000041 counts partitions, ordered A011782.
A001250 counts alternating permutations, complement A348615.
A004250 counts partitions into three or more parts, strict A347548.
A025047/A025048/A025049 count alternating compositions, ranked by A345167.
A096441 counts weakly alternating 0-appended partitions.
A345165 counts partitions w/ no alternating permutation, complement A345170.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Table[Length[Select[IntegerPartitions[n],MatchQ[#,{x_,x_}|{,,__}]&]],{n,0,10}]

Formula

a(1) = 0; a(n > 0) = A000041(n) - ceiling(n/2).
Showing 1-10 of 38 results. Next