A024101 -id:A024101 - cp's OEIS frontend

A034472 a(n) = 3^n + 1.

2, 4, 10, 28, 82, 244, 730, 2188, 6562, 19684, 59050, 177148, 531442, 1594324, 4782970, 14348908, 43046722, 129140164, 387420490, 1162261468, 3486784402, 10460353204, 31381059610, 94143178828, 282429536482, 847288609444, 2541865828330, 7625597484988

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

Companion numbers to A003462.
a(n) = A024101(n)/A024023(n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 14 2009
Mahler exhibits this sequence with n>=2 as a proof that there exists an infinite number of x coprime to 3, such that x belongs to A005836 and x^2 belong to A125293. - Michel Marcus, Nov 12 2012
a(n-1) is the number of n-digit base 3 numbers that have an even number of digits 0. - Yifan Xie, Jul 13 2024

			a(3)=28 because 4*a(2)-3*a(1)=4*10-3*4=28 (28 is also 3^3 + 1).
G.f. = 2 + 4*x + 10*x^2 + 28*x^3 + 82*x^4 + 244*x^5 + 730*x^5 + ...

Knuth, Donald E., Satisfiability, Fascicle 6, volume 4 of The Art of Computer Programming. Addison-Wesley, 2015, pages 148 and 220, Problem 191.
P. Ribenboim, The Little Book of Big Primes, Springer-Verlag, NY, 1991, pp. 35-36, 53.

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n=0..200
T. A. Gulliver, Divisibility of sums of powers of odd integers, Int. Math. For. 5 (2010) 3059-3066, eq 5.
INRIA Algorithms Project, Encyclopedia of Combinatorial Structures 454
Kurt Mahler, The representation of squares to the base 3, Acta Arith. Vol. 53, Issue 1 (1989), p. 99-106.
Burkard Polster, Special numbers in 3-coloring of Pascal's triangle, Mathologer video (2019).
Amelia Carolina Sparavigna, Some Groupoids and their Representations by Means of Integer Sequences, International Journal of Sciences (2019) Vol. 8, No. 10.
D. Suprijanto and I. W. Suwarno, Observation on Sums of Powers of Integers Divisible by 3k-1, Applied Mathematical Sciences, Vol. 8, 2014, no. 45, 2211 - 2217.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Lucas Sequence
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (4,-3).

Cf. A003462, A000204, A007051, A000051, A052539, A034474, A062394, A034491, A062395, A062396, A062397, A007689, A063376, A063481, A074600 - A074624, A034524, A178248, A228081, A279396.

[3^n+1: n in [0..30]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Jan 11 2017

ZL:= [S, {S=Union(Sequence(Z), Sequence(Union(Z, Z, Z)))}, unlabeled]: seq(combstruct[count](ZL, size=n), n=0..25); # Zerinvary Lajos, Jun 19 2008
g:=1/(1-3*z): gser:=series(g, z=0, 43): seq(coeff(gser, z, n)+1, n=0..31); # Zerinvary Lajos, Jan 09 2009

Mathematica
```
Table[3^n + 1, {n, 0, 24}]
```
PARI
```
a(n) = 3^n + 1
```

Vec(2*(1-2*x)/((1-x)*(1-3*x)) + O(x^50)) \\ Altug Alkan, Nov 15 2015

[lucas_number2(n,4,3) for n in range(27)] # Zerinvary Lajos, Jul 08 2008

[sigma(3,n) for n in range(27)] # Zerinvary Lajos, Jun 04 2009

[3^n+1 for n in range(30)] # Bruno Berselli, Jan 11 2017

a(n) = 3*a(n-1) - 2 = 4*a(n-1) - 3*a(n-2). (Lucas sequence, with A003462, associated to the pair (4, 3).)
G.f.: 2*(1-2*x)/((1-x)*(1-3*x)). Inverse binomial transforms yields 2,2,4,8,16,... i.e., A000079 with the first entry changed to 2. Binomial transform yields A063376 without A063376(-1). - R. J. Mathar, Sep 05 2008
E.g.f.: exp(x) + exp(3*x). - Mohammad K. Azarian, Jan 02 2009
a(n) = A279396(n+3,3). - Wolfdieter Lang, Jan 10 2017
a(n) = 2*A007051(n). - R. J. Mathar, Apr 07 2022

Additional comments from Rick L. Shepherd, Feb 13 2002

A024023 a(n) = 3^n - 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 2, 8, 26, 80, 242, 728, 2186, 6560, 19682, 59048, 177146, 531440, 1594322, 4782968, 14348906, 43046720, 129140162, 387420488, 1162261466, 3486784400, 10460353202, 31381059608, 94143178826, 282429536480, 847288609442, 2541865828328, 7625597484986, 22876792454960

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

Number of different directions along lines and hyper-diagonals in an n-dimensional cubic lattice for the attacking queens problem (A036464 in n=2, A068940 in n=3 and A068941 in n=4). The n-dimensional direction vectors have the a(n)+1 Cartesian coordinates (i,j,k,l,...) where i,j,k,l,... = -1, 0, or +1, excluding the zero-vector i=j=k=l=...=0. The corresponding hyper-line count is A003462. - R. J. Mathar, May 01 2006
Total number of sequences of length m=1,...,n with nonzero integer elements satisfying the condition Sum_{k=1..m} |n_k| <= n. See the K. A. Meissner link p. 6 (with a typo: it should be 3^([2a]-1)-1). - Wolfdieter Lang, Jan 21 2008
Let P(A) be the power set of an n-element set A and R be a relation on P(A) such that for all x, y of P(A), xRy if x and y are disjoint and either 0) x is a proper subset of y or y is a proper subset of x, or 1) x is not a subset of y and y is not a subset of x. Then a(n) = |R|. - Ross La Haye, Mar 19 2009
Number of neighbors in Moore's neighborhood in n dimensions. - Dmitry Zaitsev, Nov 30 2015
Number of terms in conjunctive normal form of Boolean expression with n variables. E.g., a(2) = 8: [~x, ~y, x, y, ~x|~y, ~x|y, x|~y, x|y]. - Yuchun Ji, May 12 2023
Number of rays of the Coxeter arrangement of type B_n. Equivalently, number of facets of the n-dimensional type B permutahedron. - Jose Bastidas, Sep 12 2023

			From _Zerinvary Lajos_, Jan 14 2007: (Start)
Ternary......decimal:
0...............0
2...............2
22..............8
222............26
2222...........80
22222.........242
222222........728
2222222......2186
22222222.....6560
222222222...19682
2222222222..59048
etc...........etc.
(End)
Sequence combinatorics: n=3: With length m=1: [1],[2],[3] each with 2 signs, with m=2: [1,1], [1,2], [2,1], each 2^2 = 4 times from choosing signs; m=3: [1,1,1] coming in 2^3 signed versions: 3*2 + 3*4 + 1*8 = 26 = a(3). The order is important, hence the M_0 multinomials A048996 enter as factors.
A027902 gives the 384 divisors of a(24). - _Reinhard Zumkeller_, Mar 11 2010

Mordechai Ben-Ari, Mathematical Logic for Computer Science, Third edition, 173-203.

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200
Omran Ahmadi and Robert Granger, An efficient deterministic test for Kloosterman sum zeros, Mathematics of Computation, Vol. 83, No. 285 (2014), pp. 347-363; arXiv preprint, arXiv:1104.3882 [math.NT], 2011-2012. See 1st column of Table 2, p. 9.
Feryal Alayont and Evan Henning, Edge Covers of Caterpillars, Cycles with Pendants, and Spider Graphs, J. Int. Seq. (2023) Vol. 26, Art. 23.9.4.
Michael Baake, Franz Gähler, and Uwe Grimm, Examples of Substitution Systems and Their Factors, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 16 (2013), #13.2.14.
R. Samuel Buss, Herbrand's Theorem, University of California, Logic and Computational Complexity pp. 195-209, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 960. Springer.
Jan Draisma, Tyrrell B. McAllister and Benjamin Nill, Lattice width directions and Minkowski's 3^d-theorem, SIAM J. Discrete Math., Vol. 26, No. 3 (2012), pp. 1104-1107; arXiv preprint, arXiv:0901.1375 [math.CO], Jan 10 2009.
Alessandro Farinelli, Herbrand Universe and Herbrand Base.
Ross La Haye, Binary Relations on the Power Set of an n-Element Set, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 12 (2009), Article 09.2.6.
Krzysztof A. Meissner, Black hole entropy in Loop Quantum Gravity, Classical and Quantum Gravity, Vol. 21, No. 22 (2004), pp. 5245--5251; arXiv preprint, arXiv:gr-qc/0407052, 2004.
Amir Sapir, The Tower of Hanoi with Forbidden Moves, The Computer J. 47 (1) (2004) 20, case three-in-a row, sequence b(n).
Steven Schlicker, Roman Vasquez, and Rachel Wofford, Integer Sequences from Configurations in the Hausdorff Metric Geometry via Edge Covers of Bipartite Graphs, J. Int. Seq. (2023) Vol. 26, Art. 23.6.6.
Amelia Carolina Sparavigna, The groupoids of Mersenne, Fermat, Cullen, Woodall and other Numbers and their representations by means of integer sequences, Politecnico di Torino, Italy (2019), [math.NT].
Amelia Carolina Sparavigna, Some Groupoids and their Representations by Means of Integer Sequences, International Journal of Sciences (2019) Vol. 8, No. 10.
Wikipedia, Herbrand Structure.
Damiano Zanardini, Computational Logic, Slides, UPM European Master in Computational Logic (EMCL) School of Computer Science Technical University of Madrid, 2009-2010.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (4,-3).

Cf. triangle A013609.
Cf. A003462, A007051, A034472, A214369.
Cf. second column of A145901.

a024023 = subtract 1 . a000244  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jun 30 2013

[3^n-1: n in [0..35]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Apr 30 2011

3^Range[0,30]-1 (* Paolo Xausa, Jul 15 2023 *)

a(n)=3^n-1 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Sep 24 2015

vector(50, n, sum(k=0, n, 2^k*binomial(n-1, k))-1) \\ Altug Alkan, Oct 04 2015

my(x='x+O('x^100)); concat([0], Vec(2*x/(-1+x)/(-1+3*x))) \\ Altug Alkan, Oct 16 2015

a(n) = A000244(n) - 1.
a(n) = 2*A003462(n). - R. J. Mathar, May 01 2006
A128760(a(n)) > 0. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 25 2007
G.f.: 2*x/((-1+x)*(-1+3*x)) = 1/(-1+x) - 1/(-1+3*x). - R. J. Mathar, Nov 19 2007
a(n) = Sum_{k=1..n} Sum_{m=1..k} binomial(k-1,m-1)*2^m, n >= 1. a(0)=0. From the sequence combinatorics mentioned above. Twice partial sums of powers of 3.
E.g.f.: e^(3*x) - e^x. - Mohammad K. Azarian, Jan 14 2009
a(n) = A024101(n)/A034472(n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 14 2009
a(n) = 3*a(n-1) + 2 (with a(0)=0). - Vincenzo Librandi, Nov 19 2010
E.g.f.: -E(0) where E(k) = 1 - 3^k/(1 - x/(x - 3^k*(k+1)/E(k+1) )); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Dec 06 2012
a(n) = A227048(n,A020914(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jun 30 2013
Sum_{n>=1} 1/a(n) = A214369. - Amiram Eldar, Nov 11 2020
a(n) = Sum_{k=1..n} 2^k*binomial(n,k). - Ridouane Oudra, Jun 15 2025
From Peter Bala, Jul 01 2025: (Start)
For n >= 1, a(2*n)/a(n) = A034472(n) and a(3*n)/a(n) = A034513(n).
Modulo differences in offsets, exp( Sum_{n >= 1} a(k*n)/a(n)*x^n/n ) is the o.g.f. of A003462 (k = 2), A006100 (k = 3), A006101 (k = 4), A006102 (k = 5), A022196 (k = 6), A022197 (k = 7), A022198 (k = 8), A022199 (k = 9), A022200 (k = 10), A022201 (k = 11), A022202 (k = 12) and A022203 (k = 13).
The following are all examples of telescoping series:
Sum_{n >= 1} 3^n/(a(n)*a(n+1)) = 1/2^2; Sum_{n >= 1} 3^n/(a(n)*a(n+1)*a(n+2)) = 1/(2*8^2).
In general, for k >= 1, Sum_{n >= 1} 3^n/(a(n)*a(n+1)*...*a(n+k)) = 1/(a(1)*a(2)*...*a(k)*a(k)).
Sum_{n >= 1} 3^n/(a(n)*a(n+2)) = 5/64; Sum_{n >= 1} (-3)^n/(a(n)*a(n+2)) = -3/64.
Sum_{n >= 1} 3^n/(a(n)*a(n+4)) = 703/83200; Sum_{n >= 1} (-3)^n/(a(n)*a(n+4)) = - 417/83200. (End)

A027877 a(n) = Product_{i=1..n} (9^i - 1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 8, 640, 465920, 3056435200, 180476385689600, 95912370410881024000, 458745798479390789599232000, 19747501938318761090457052119040000, 7650586837724400321220283274999910891520000

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

nonn

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..40

Cf. A005329 (q=2), A027871 (q=3), A027637 (q=4), A027872 (q=5), A027873 (q=6), A027875 (q=7), A027876 (q=8), A027878 (q=10), A027879 (q=11), A027880 (q=12).

Cf. A132037.

[1] cat [&*[ 9^k-1: k in [1..n] ]: n in [1..11]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Dec 24 2015

Abs@QPochhammer[9, 9, Range[0, 10]] (* Vladimir Reshetnikov, Nov 20 2015 *)

a(n) = prod(i=1, n, 9^i-1); \\ Altug Alkan, Dec 24 2015

a(n) ~ c * 3^(n*(n+1)), where c = Product_{k>=1} (1-1/9^k) = A132037 = 0.876560354035964205836019838417862010106635101174... . - Vaclav Kotesovec, Nov 21 2015
From  - G. C. Greubel, Dec 24 2015: (Start)
8^n * 10^(floor(n/2))|a(n), for n>=0.
a(n) = 9^(binomial(n+1,2))*(1/9;1/9){n}, where (a;q){n} is the q-Pochhammer symbol. (End)
a(n) = Product_{i=1..n} A024101(i). - Michel Marcus, Dec 27 2015
G.f.: Sum_{n>=0} 9^(n*(n+1)/2)*x^n / Product_{k=0..n} (1 + 9^k*x). - Ilya Gutkovskiy, May 22 2017
Sum_{n>=0} (-1)^n/a(n) = A132037. - Amiram Eldar, May 07 2023

A082838 Decimal expansion of Kempner series Sum_{k>=1, k has no digit 9 in base 10} 1/k.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 2, 9, 2, 0, 6, 7, 6, 6, 1, 9, 2, 6, 4, 1, 5, 0, 3, 4, 8, 1, 6, 3, 6, 5, 7, 0, 9, 4, 3, 7, 5, 9, 3, 1, 9, 1, 4, 9, 4, 4, 7, 6, 2, 4, 3, 6, 9, 9, 8, 4, 8, 1, 5, 6, 8, 5, 4, 1, 9, 9, 8, 3, 5, 6, 5, 7, 2, 1, 5, 6, 3, 3, 8, 1, 8, 9, 9, 1, 1, 1, 2, 9, 4, 4, 5, 6, 2, 6, 0, 3, 7, 4, 4, 8, 2, 0, 1, 8, 9, 8, 9, 9, 0, 9

Offset: 2

Robert G. Wilson v, Apr 14 2003

Numbers with a digit 9 (A011539) have asymptotic density 1, i.e., here almost all terms are removed from the harmonic series, which makes convergence less surprising. See A082839 (the analog for digit 0) for more information about such so-called Kempner series. - M. F. Hasler, Jan 13 2020

			22.920676619264150348163657094375931914944762436998481568541998356... - _Robert G. Wilson v_, Jun 01 2009

Julian Havil, Gamma, Exploring Euler's Constant, Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford, 2003, page 34.

Robert Baillie, Sums of reciprocals of integers missing a given digit, Amer. Math. Monthly, 86 (1979), 372-374.
Robert Baillie, Summing the curious series of Kempner and Irwin, arXiv:0806.4410 [math.CA], 2008-2015.
Aubrey J. Kempner, A Curious Convergent Series, American Mathematical Monthly, volume 21, number 2, February 1914, pages 48-50. Or JSTOR.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Kempner Series.
Wikipedia, Kempner series
Wolfram Library Archive, KempnerSums.nb (8.6 KB) - Mathematica Notebook, Summing Kempner's Curious (Slowly-Convergent) Series

Cf. A002387, A007095 (numbers with no '9'), A011539 (numbers with a '9'), A024101.

Cf. A082830 .. A082839 (analog for digits 1, ..., 8 and 0), A140502.

(* see the Mmca in Wolfram Library Archive link *)

Equals Sum_{k in A007095\{0}} 1/k, where A007095 = numbers with no digit 9. - M. F. Hasler, Jan 15 2020

More terms from Robert G. Wilson v, Apr 14 2009
More terms from Robert G. Wilson v, Jun 01 2009
Minor edits by M. F. Hasler, Jan 13 2020

A057952 Number of prime factors of 9^n - 1 (counted with multiplicity).

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 5, 5, 7, 6, 8, 5, 10, 8, 10, 7, 11, 5, 9, 11, 12, 8, 12, 7, 13, 11, 11, 6, 17, 10, 9, 13, 13, 9, 17, 8, 14, 12, 12, 11, 16, 8, 11, 15, 18, 8, 18, 6, 16, 19, 10, 10, 21, 12, 18, 15, 13, 8, 18, 15, 19, 15, 13, 7, 24, 7, 13, 19, 16, 12, 18, 8, 17, 15, 20, 9, 24, 9, 13, 22, 17, 13, 22

Offset: 1

Patrick De Geest, Nov 15 2000

nonn

Max Alekseyev, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..690 (first 330 terms from Amiram Eldar)
S. S. Wagstaff, Jr., The Cunningham Project

bigomega(b^n-1): A046051 (b=2), A057958 (b=3), A057957 (b=4), A057956 (b=5), A057955 (b=6), A057954 (b=7), A057953 (b=8), this sequence (b=9), A057951 (b=10), A366682 (b=11), A366708 (b=12).

Cf. A001222, A002591, A024101, A074477, A085034, A133801, A274909, A366660, A366661, A366662.

PrimeOmega[Table[9^n - 1, {n, 1, 30}]] (* Amiram Eldar, Feb 02 2020 *)

Mobius transform of A085034. - T. D. Noe, Jun 19 2003
a(n) = A001222(A024101(n)) = A057958(2*n). - Amiram Eldar, Feb 02 2020
a(n) = A057941(n) + A057958(n). - Max Alekseyev, Jan 07 2024

A082830 Decimal expansion of Kempner series Sum_{k>=1, k has no digit 1 in base 10} 1/k.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 6, 1, 7, 6, 9, 6, 9, 5, 2, 8, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 2, 6, 6, 5, 7, 9, 6, 0, 3, 8, 8, 0, 3, 6, 4, 0, 0, 9, 3, 0, 5, 5, 6, 7, 2, 1, 9, 7, 9, 0, 7, 6, 3, 1, 3, 3, 8, 6, 4, 5, 1, 6, 9, 0, 6, 4, 9, 0, 8, 3, 6, 3, 6, 2, 9, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 6, 4, 5, 6, 3, 8, 8, 8, 6, 2, 1, 4, 6, 2, 6, 6, 8, 5, 0, 2, 8, 6, 2, 9, 7, 7

Offset: 2

Robert G. Wilson v, Apr 14 2003

Such sums are called Kempner series, see A082839 (the analog for digit 0) for more information. - M. F. Hasler, Jan 13 2020

			16.17696952812344426657...

Julian Havil, Gamma, Exploring Euler's Constant, Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford, 2003, page 34.

Robert Baillie, Sums of reciprocals of integers missing a given digit, Amer. Math. Monthly, 86 (1979), 372-374.
Robert Baillie, Summing the curious series of Kempner and Irwin, arXiv:0806.4410 [math.CA], 2008-2015. [From _Robert G. Wilson v_, Jun 01 2009]
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics,, Kempner Series. [From _R. J. Mathar_, Aug 07 2010]
Wikipedia, Kempner series.
Wolfram Library Archive, KempnerSums.nb (8.6 KB) - Mathematica Notebook, Summing Kempner's Curious (Slowly-Convergent) Series. [From _Robert G. Wilson v_, Jun 01 2009]

Cf. A002387, A024101, A052383 (numbers without '1'), A011531 (numbers with '1').

Cf. A082831, A082832, A082833, A082834, A082835, A082836, A082837, A082838, A082839 (analog for digits 2, ..., 9 and 0).

(* see the Mmca in Wolfram Library Archive. - Robert G. Wilson v, Jun 01 2009 *)

Equals Sum_{k in A052383\{0}} 1/k, where A052383 = numbers with no digit 1. Those which have a digit 1 (A011531) are omitted in the harmonic sum, and they have asymptotic density 1: almost all terms are omitted from the sum. - M. F. Hasler, Jan 15 2020

More terms from Robert G. Wilson v, Jun 01 2009

A090739 Exponent of 2 in 9^n - 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 4, 3, 5, 3, 4, 3, 6, 3, 4, 3, 5, 3, 4, 3, 7, 3, 4, 3, 5, 3, 4, 3, 6, 3, 4, 3, 5, 3, 4, 3, 8, 3, 4, 3, 5, 3, 4, 3, 6, 3, 4, 3, 5, 3, 4, 3, 7, 3, 4, 3, 5, 3, 4, 3, 6, 3, 4, 3, 5, 3, 4, 3, 9, 3, 4, 3, 5, 3, 4, 3, 6, 3, 4, 3, 5, 3, 4, 3, 7, 3, 4, 3, 5, 3, 4, 3

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer and Ralf Stephan, Jan 19 2004

The exponent of 2 in the factorization of Fibonacci(6n). - T. D. Noe, Mar 14 2014

Records of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,.. occur at n= 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32,... - R. J. Mathar, Jun 28 2025

			For n = 2, we see that -1 + 3^4 = 80 = 2^4 * 5 so a(2) = 4.
For n = 3, we see that -1 + 3^6 = 728 = 2^3 * 7 * 13, so a(3) = 3.

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
T. Lengyel, The order of the Fibonacci and Lucas numbers, Fib. Quart. 33 (1995), 234-239.

Cf. A024101, A069895, A091512, A088660, A090740, A220466.
Cf. A000005, A006519, A120738 (partial sums).
Appears in A161737.

A090739 := proc(n)
    padic[ordp](9^n-1,2) ;
end proc:
seq(A090739(n),n=1..80) ; # R. J. Mathar, Jun 28 2025

Table[Part[Flatten[FactorInteger[ -1+3^(2*n)]], 2], {n, 1, 70}]
Table[IntegerExponent[Fibonacci[n], 2], {n, 6, 600, 6}] (* T. D. Noe, Mar 14 2014 *)

a(n)=valuation(n,2)+3 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Mar 14 2014

def A090739(n): return (~n&n-1).bit_length()+3 # Chai Wah Wu, Jul 11 2022

a(n) = A007814(n) + 3.
a((2*n-1)*2^p) = p + 3, p >= 0. - Johannes W. Meijer, Feb 08 2013
a(n) = log_2(A006519(9^n - 1)). - Alonso del Arte, Feb 08 2013
a(n) = 2*tau(4*n)/(tau(4*n) - tau(n)), where tau(n) = A000005(n). - Peter Bala, Jan 06 2021
Asymptotic mean: Limit_{m->oo} (1/m) * Sum_{k=1..m} a(k) = 4. - Amiram Eldar, Nov 28 2022

More terms from T. D. Noe, Mar 14 2014

A274909 Largest prime factor of 9^n - 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 5, 13, 41, 61, 73, 1093, 193, 757, 1181, 3851, 6481, 797161, 16493, 4561, 21523361, 34511, 530713, 363889, 42521761, 368089, 570461, 23535794707, 6481, 22996651, 4795973261, 19927, 647753, 20381027, 47763361, 22434744889, 926510094425921, 2413941289

Offset: 1

Vincenzo Librandi, Jul 11 2016

nonn

			9^4 - 1 = 6560 = 2^5*5*41, so a(4) = 41.

Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..691
J. Brillhart et al., Factorizations of b^n +- 1, Contemporary Mathematics, Vol. 22, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 3rd edition, 2002.

Cf. A006530, A024101, A074477.

Cf. similar sequences listed in A274906.

[Maximum(PrimeDivisors(9^n-1)): n in [1..40]];

Table[FactorInteger[9^n-1][[-1,1]],{n,40}]

a(n) = A006530(A024101(n)).
a(n) = A074477(2*n). - Amiram Eldar, Feb 02 2020
a(n) = max(A074476(n),A074477(n)). - Max Alekseyev, Apr 25 2022

Terms to a(100) in b-file from Vincenzo Librandi, Jul 13 2016
a(101)-a(330) in b-file from Amiram Eldar, Feb 02 2020
a(331)-a(691) in b-file from Max Alekseyev, May 22 2022, Jul 25 2023

A366663 a(n) = phi(9^n-1), where phi is Euler's totient function (A000010).

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 32, 288, 2560, 26400, 165888, 2384928, 15728640, 141087744, 1246080000, 14758128000, 85996339200, 1270928131200, 8810420097024, 70207948800000, 677066362060800, 8218041445152000, 43129128265187328, 674757689572915200, 4238841176064000000

Offset: 1

Sean A. Irvine, Oct 15 2023

nonn

Max Alekseyev, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..690

phi(k^n-1): A053287 (k=2), A295500 (k=3), A295501 (k=4), A295502 (k=5), A366623 (k=6), A366635 (k=7), A366654 (k=8), this sequence (k=9), A295503 (k=10), A366685 (k=11), A366711 (k=12).

Cf. A000010, A024101, A057952, A366660, A366661, A366662, A366667.

Mathematica
```
EulerPhi[9^Range[30] - 1]
```
PARI
```
{a(n) = eulerphi(9^n-1)}
```

a(n) = A295500(2*n) = 2 * A295500(n) * A366579(n). - Max Alekseyev, Jan 07 2024

A052386 Number of integers from 1 to 10^n-1 that lack 0 as a digit.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 9, 90, 819, 7380, 66429, 597870, 5380839, 48427560, 435848049, 3922632450, 35303692059, 317733228540, 2859599056869, 25736391511830, 231627523606479, 2084647712458320, 18761829412124889, 168856464709124010, 1519708182382116099, 13677373641439044900

Offset: 0

Odimar Fabeny, Mar 10 2000

			For n=2, the numbers from 1 to 99 which *have* 0 as a digit are the 9 numbers 10, 20, 30, ..., 90. So a(1) = 99 - 9 = 90.

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..500
Peter D. Loly and Ian D. Cameron, Frierson's 1907 Parameterization of Compound Magic Squares Extended to Orders 3^L, L = 1, 2, 3, ..., with Information Entropy, arXiv:2008.11020 [math.HO], 2020.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (10,-9).

Cf. A024101, A052379.

Row n=9 of A228275.

[9*(9^n-1)/8: n in [0..20]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Jul 04 2011

Table[9(9^n - 1)/8, {n, 0, 20}]
LinearRecurrence[{10,-9},{0,9},30] (* Harvey P. Dale, Mar 22 2019 *)

a(n)=9^(n+1)\8 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Aug 25 2014

a(n) = 9*a(n-1) + 9.
a(n) = 9*(9^n-1)/8 = sum_{j=1..n} 9^j = a(n-1)+9^n = 9*A002452(n) = A002452(n+1)-1; write A000918(n+1) in base 2 and read as if written in base 9. - Henry Bottomley, Aug 30 2001
a(n) = 10*a(n-1)-9*a(n-2). G.f.: 9*x / ((x-1)*(9*x-1)). - Colin Barker, Sep 26 2013

More terms and revised description from James Sellers, Mar 13 2000
More terms and revised description from Robert G. Wilson v, Apr 14 2003
More terms from Colin Barker, Sep 26 2013

cp's OEIS Frontend

A034472 a(n) = 3^n + 1.

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A024023 a(n) = 3^n - 1.

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A027877 a(n) = Product_{i=1..n} (9^i - 1).

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A082838 Decimal expansion of Kempner series Sum_{k>=1, k has no digit 9 in base 10} 1/k.

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A057952 Number of prime factors of 9^n - 1 (counted with multiplicity).

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A082830 Decimal expansion of Kempner series Sum_{k>=1, k has no digit 1 in base 10} 1/k.

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