A053462 -id:A053462 - cp's OEIS frontend

A007947 Largest squarefree number dividing n: the squarefree kernel of n, rad(n), radical of n.

1, 2, 3, 2, 5, 6, 7, 2, 3, 10, 11, 6, 13, 14, 15, 2, 17, 6, 19, 10, 21, 22, 23, 6, 5, 26, 3, 14, 29, 30, 31, 2, 33, 34, 35, 6, 37, 38, 39, 10, 41, 42, 43, 22, 15, 46, 47, 6, 7, 10, 51, 26, 53, 6, 55, 14, 57, 58, 59, 30, 61, 62, 21, 2, 65, 66, 67, 34, 69, 70, 71, 6, 73, 74, 15, 38, 77, 78

Offset: 1

R. Muller, Mar 15 1996

Multiplicative with a(p^e) = p.
Product of the distinct prime factors of n.
a(k)=k for k=squarefree numbers A005117. - Lekraj Beedassy, Sep 05 2006
A note on square roots of numbers: we can write sqrt(n) = b*sqrt(c) where c is squarefree. Then b = A000188(n) is the "inner square root" of n, c = A007913(n), b*c = A019554(n) = "outer square root" of n, and a(n) = lcm(a(b),c). Unless n is biquadrateful (A046101), a(n) = lcm(b,c). [Edited by Jeppe Stig Nielsen, Oct 10 2021, and Andrey Zabolotskiy, Feb 12 2025]
a(n) = A128651(A129132(n-1) + 2) for n > 1. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 30 2007
Also the least common multiple of the prime factors of n. - Peter Luschny, Mar 22 2011
The Mobius transform of the sequence generates the sequence of absolute values of A097945. - R. J. Mathar, Apr 04 2011
Appears to be the period length of k^n mod n. For example, n^12 mod 12 has period 6, repeating 1,4,9,4,1,0, so a(12)= 6. - Gary Detlefs, Apr 14 2013
a(n) differs from A014963(n) when n is a term of A024619. - Eric Desbiaux, Mar 24 2014
a(n) is also the smallest base (also termed radix) for which the representation of 1/n is of finite length.  For example a(12) = 6 and 1/12 in base 6 is 0.03, which is of finite length. - Lee A. Newberg, Jul 27 2016
a(n) is also the divisor k of n such that d(k) = 2^omega(n). a(n) is also the smallest divisor u of n such that n divides u^n. - Juri-Stepan Gerasimov, Apr 06 2017

			G.f. = x + 2*x^2 + 3*x^3 + 2*x^4 + 5*x^5 + 6*x^6 + 7*x^7 + 2*x^8 + 3*x^9 + ... - _Michael Somos_, Jul 15 2018

Daniel Forgues, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..100000 (first 10000 terms from T. D. Noe)
Masum Billal, Divisible Sequence and its Characteristic Sequence, arXiv:1501.00609 [math.NT], 2015, theorem 11 page 5.
Henry Bottomley, Some Smarandache-type multiplicative sequences
Steven R. Finch, Unitarism and Infinitarism, February 25, 2004. [Cached copy, with permission of the author]
Jarosław Grytczuk, Thue type problems for graphs, points and numbers, Discrete Math., 308 (2008), 4419-4429.
Neville Holmes, Integer Sequences [Broken link]
Serge Lang, Old and New Conjectured Diophantine Inequalities, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc., 23 (1990), 37-75. see p. 39.
Wolfdieter Lang, Cantor's List of Real Algebraic Numbers of Heights 1 to 7, arXiv:2307.10645 [math.NT], 2023.
D. H. Lehmer, Euler constants for arithmetical progressions, Collection of articles in memory of Juriĭ Vladimirovič Linnik. Acta Arith. 27 (1975), 125--142. MR0369233 (51 #5468). See N_k on page 131.
Ivar Peterson, The Amazing ABC Conjecture
Paul Tarau, Emulating Primality with Multiset Representations of Natural Numbers, in Theoretical Aspects of Computing, ICTAC 2011, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2011, Volume 6916/2011, 218-238
Paul Tarau, Towards a generic view of primality through multiset decompositions of natural numbers, Theoretical Computer Science, Volume 537, 5 June 2014, Pages 105-124.
Wikipedia, Radical of an integer.

See A007913, A062953, A000188, A019554, A003557, A066503, A087207 for other properties related to square and squarefree divisors of n.
More general factorization-related properties, specific to n: A020639, A028234, A020500, A010051, A284318, A000005, A001221, A005361, A034444, A014963, A128651, A267116.
Range of values is A005117.
Cf. A048803, A019565, A024619, A053462, A060735, A073355 (partial sums), A079277, A097945, A129132, A225546.
Bisections: A099984, A099985.
Sequences about numbers that have the same squarefree kernel: A065642, array A284311 (A284457).
A003961, A059896 are used to express relationship between terms of this sequence.
Cf. A001615, A008683, A076479, A078615.

a007947 = product . a027748_row  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 27 2012

[ &*PrimeDivisors(n): n in [1..100] ]; // Klaus Brockhaus, Dec 04 2008

with(numtheory); A007947 := proc(n) local i,t1,t2; t1 := ifactors(n)[2]; t2 := mul(t1[i][1],i=1..nops(t1)); end;
A007947 := n -> ilcm(op(numtheory[factorset](n))):
seq(A007947(i),i=1..69); # Peter Luschny, Mar 22 2011
A:= n -> convert(numtheory:-factorset(n),`*`):
seq(A(n),n=1..100); # Robert Israel, Aug 10 2014
seq(NumberTheory:-Radical(n), n = 1..78); # Peter Luschny, Jul 20 2021

rad[n_] := Times @@ (First@# & /@ FactorInteger@ n); Array[rad, 78] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Aug 29 2012 *)
Table[Last[Select[Divisors[n],SquareFreeQ]],{n,100}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 14 2014 *)
a[ n_] := If[ n < 1, 0, Sum[ EulerPhi[d] Abs @ MoebiusMu[d], {d, Divisors[ n]}]]; (* Michael Somos, Jul 15 2018 *)
Table[Product[p, {p, Select[Divisors[n], PrimeQ]}], {n, 1, 100}] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, May 20 2020 *)

a(n) = factorback(factorint(n)[,1]); \\ Andrew Lelechenko, May 09 2014

for(n=1, 100, print1(direuler(p=2, n, (1 + p*X - X)/(1 - X))[n], ", ")) \\ Vaclav Kotesovec, Jun 14 2020

from sympy import primefactors, prod
def a(n): return 1 if n < 2 else prod(primefactors(n))
[a(n) for n in range(1, 51)]  # Indranil Ghosh, Apr 16 2017

def A007947(n): return mul(p for p in prime_divisors(n))
[A007947(n) for n in (1..60)] # Peter Luschny, Mar 07 2017

(define (A007947 n) (if (= 1 n) n (* (A020639 n) (A007947 (A028234 n))))) ;; ;; Needs also code from A020639 and A028234. - Antti Karttunen, Jun 18 2017

If n = Product_j (p_j^k_j) where p_j are distinct primes, then a(n) = Product_j (p_j).
a(n) = Product_{k=1..A001221(n)} A027748(n,k). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 27 2011
Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s)*Product_{primes p} (1+p^(1-s)-p^(-s)). - R. J. Mathar, Jan 21 2012
a(n) = Sum_{d|n} phi(d) * mu(d)^2 = Sum_{d|n} |A097945(d)|. - Enrique Pérez Herrero, Apr 23 2012
a(n) = Product_{d|n} d^moebius(n/d) (see Billal link). - Michel Marcus, Jan 06 2015
a(n) = n/( Sum_{k=1..n} (floor(k^n/n)-floor((k^n - 1)/n)) ) = e^(Sum_{k=2..n} (floor(n/k) - floor((n-1)/k))*A010051(k)*M(k)) where M(n) is the Mangoldt function. - Anthony Browne, Jun 17 2016
a(n) = n/A003557(n). - Juri-Stepan Gerasimov, Apr 07 2017
G.f.: Sum_{k>=1} phi(k)*mu(k)^2*x^k/(1 - x^k). - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Apr 11 2017
From Antti Karttunen, Jun 18 2017: (Start)
a(1) = 1; for n > 1, a(n) = A020639(n) * a(A028234(n)).
a(n) = A019565(A087207(n)). (End)
Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s-1) * zeta(s) * Product_{primes p} (1 + p^(1-2*s) - p^(2-2*s) - p^(-s)). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Dec 18 2019
From Peter Munn, Jan 01 2020: (Start)
a(A059896(n,k)) = A059896(a(n), a(k)).
a(A003961(n)) = A003961(a(n)).
a(n^2) = a(n).
a(A225546(n)) = A019565(A267116(n)). (End)
Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) ~ c * n^2, where c = A065463/2. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jun 24 2020
From Richard L. Ollerton, May 07 2021: (Start)
a(n) = Sum_{k=1..n} mu(n/gcd(n,k))^2.
a(n) = Sum_{k=1..n} mu(gcd(n,k))^2*phi(gcd(n,k))/phi(n/gcd(n,k)).
For n>1, Sum_{k=1..n} a(gcd(n,k))*mu(a(gcd(n,k)))*phi(gcd(n,k))/gcd(n,k) = 0.
For n>1, Sum_{k=1..n} a(n/gcd(n,k))*mu(a(n/gcd(n,k)))*phi(gcd(n,k))*gcd(n,k) = 0. (End)
a(n) = (-1)^omega(n) * Sum_{d|n} mu(d)*psi(d), where omega = A001221 and psi = A001615. - Ridouane Oudra, Aug 01 2025

More terms from several people including David W. Wilson

Definition expanded by Jonathan Sondow, Apr 26 2013

A143658 Number of squarefree integers not exceeding 2^n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 6, 11, 20, 39, 78, 157, 314, 624, 1245, 2491, 4982, 9962, 19920, 39844, 79688, 159360, 318725, 637461, 1274918, 2549834, 5099650, 10199301, 20398664, 40797327, 81594626, 163189197, 326378284, 652756722, 1305513583, 2611027094

Offset: 0

M. F. Hasler, Aug 28 2008

nonn

Except for the first 2 terms, it would not make a difference to replace "not exceeding" by "less than": that sequence would start 0,1,3,6,11,20,39,78,...

			a(4) = 11 since there are the 11 squarefree integers {1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15} not exceeding 2^4=16.

Chai Wah Wu, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..73 (terms 0..58 from Gerard P. Michon, terms 59..64 from Peter Polm)
Project Euler, Problem 193: Squarefree Numbers
G. P. Michon, On the number of squarefree integers not exceeding N. - _Gerard P. Michon_, Apr 30 2009

Cf. A005117, A013928, A071172, A053462.

c = 0; k = 1; lst = {1}; Do[ While[k <= 2^n, If[ SquareFreeQ@k, c++ ]; k++ ]; AppendTo[lst, c], {n, 27}] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Aug 31 2008 *)

print1(s=1);for(p=1,20,print1(", ",s+=sum(k=2^(p-1)+1, 2^p, issquarefree(k))))

a(n)=sum(d=1,sqrtint(n=2^n),moebius(d)*n\d^2) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Nov 14 2012

a(n)=my(s); forsquarefree(d=1,sqrtint(n=2^n), s += n\d[1]^2*moebius(d)); s \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 08 2018

from math import isqrt
from sympy import mobius
def A143658(n):
    m = 1<Chai Wah Wu, Jun 01 2024

a(n) = Sum for i = 1 to 2^(n/2) of A008683(i)*floor(2^n/i^2). - Gerard P. Michon, Apr 30 2009

The limit of a(n)/2^n is 6/Pi^2. - Gerard P. Michon, Apr 30 2009

5 more terms from Robert G. Wilson v, Aug 31 2008

More terms from Alexis Olson (AlexisOlson(AT)gmail.com), Nov 08 2008

A071172 Number of squarefree integers <= 10^n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 7, 61, 608, 6083, 60794, 607926, 6079291, 60792694, 607927124, 6079270942, 60792710280, 607927102274, 6079271018294, 60792710185947, 607927101854103, 6079271018540405, 60792710185403794, 607927101854022750, 6079271018540280875, 60792710185402613302, 607927101854026645617

Offset: 0

Robert G. Wilson v, Jun 10 2002

nonn

The limit of a(n)/10^n is 6/Pi^2 (see A059956). - Gerard P. Michon, Apr 30 2009

J. Pawlewicz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..36
W. Hürlimann, A First Digit Theorem for Square-Free Integer Powers, Pure Mathematical Sciences, Vol. 3, 2014, no. 3, 129 - 139 HIKARI Ltd.
G. P. Michon, On the number of squarefree integers not exceeding N. - _Gerard P. Michon_, Apr 30 2009
J. Pawlewicz, Counting square-free numbers, arXiv preprint arXiv:1107.4890 [math.NT], 2011.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Squarefree

Cf. A005117, A013928.
Apart from first two terms, same as A053462.
Binary counterpart is A143658. - Gerard P. Michon, Apr 30 2009

f[n_] := Sum[ MoebiusMu[i]Floor[n/i^2], {i, Sqrt@ n}]; Table[ f[10^n], {n, 0, 14}] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Aug 04 2012 *)

a(n)=sum(d=1,sqrtint(n=10^n),moebius(d)*n\d^2) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Nov 14 2012

a(n)=my(s); forsquarefree(d=1,sqrtint(n=10^n), s += n\d[1]^2 * moebius(d)); s \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 08 2018

from math import isqrt
from sympy import mobius
def A071172(n): return sum(mobius(k)*(10**n//k**2) for k in range(1,isqrt(10**n)+1)) # Chai Wah Wu, May 10 2024

a(n) = Sum_{i=1..10^(n/2)} A008683(i)*floor(10^n/i^2). - Gerard P. Michon, Apr 30 2009

Extended by Eric W. Weisstein, Sep 14 2003
3 more terms from Jud McCranie, Sep 01 2005
4 more terms from Gerard P. Michon, Apr 30 2009

A324318 Number of terms in A324315 (squarefree integers m > 1 such that if prime p divides m, then the sum of the base p digits of m is at least p) less than 10^n.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 2, 57, 636, 7048, 75150, 801931, 8350039, 86361487

Offset: 1

Bernd C. Kellner and Jonathan Sondow, Feb 23 2019

The number of squarefree integers less than 10^n is 0, 6, 61, 608, 6083, 60794, 607926, 6079291, 60792694, 607927124, ... (see A053462).

			There are two terms of A324315 less than 10^3, namely, 231 and 561, so a(3) = 2.

Bernd C. Kellner and Jonathan Sondow, Power-Sum Denominators, Amer. Math. Monthly, 124 (2017), 695-709; arXiv:1705.03857 [math.NT], 2017.
Bernd C. Kellner and Jonathan Sondow, On Carmichael and polygonal numbers, Bernoulli polynomials, and sums of base-p digits, #A52 Integers 21 (2021), 21 pp.; arXiv:1902.10672 [math.NT], 2019.

Cf. A053462, A324315, A324316, A324317, A324319, A324320, A324369, A324370, A324371, A324404, A324405.

A160113 Number of cubefree integers not exceeding 2^n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 27, 54, 107, 214, 427, 854, 1706, 3410, 6815, 13629, 27259, 54521, 109042, 218080, 436158, 872318, 1744638, 3489278, 6978546, 13957092, 27914186, 55828364, 111656716, 223313428, 446626866, 893253744, 1786507472, 3573014938, 7146029910, 14292059832

Offset: 0

Gerard P. Michon, May 02 2009

An alternate definition specifying "less than 2^n" would yield the same sequence except for the first 3 terms: 0,1,3,7,14,27,54,107, etc. (since powers of 2 beyond 8 are not cubefree).

The limit of a(n)/2^n is the inverse of Apery's constant, 1/zeta(3) [see A088453].

			a(0)=1 because there is just one cubefree integer (1) not exceeding 2^0 = 1.
a(3)=7 because 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 are cubefree but 8 is not.

Chai Wah Wu, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..103 (terms 0..80 from Gerard P. Michon)
Gerard P. Michon, On the number of cubefree integers not exceeding N.

Cf. A004709 (cubefree numbers), A160112 (decimal counterpart for cubefree integers), A143658 (binary counterpart for squarefree integers), A071172 & A053462 (decimal counterpart for squarefree integers).

Cf. A060431.

a160113 = a060431 . (2 ^)  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jul 27 2015

a[n_] := Sum[ MoebiusMu[i]*Floor[2^n/i^3], {i, 1, 2^(n/3)}]; Table[a[n], {n, 0, 32}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Dec 20 2011, from formula *)
Module[{nn=20,mu},mu=Table[If[Max[FactorInteger[n][[All,2]]]<3,1,0],{n,2^nn}];Table[Total[Take[mu,2^k]],{k,0,nn}]] (* The program generates the first 20 terms of the sequence. To get more, increase the value (constant) for nn, but the program may take a long time to run. *) (* Harvey P. Dale, Aug 13 2021 *)

from sympy import mobius, integer_nthroot
def A160113(n): return sum(mobius(k)*((1<Chai Wah Wu, Aug 06 2024

from bitarray import bitarray
from sympy import integer_nthroot
def A160113(n): # faster program
    q = 1<Chai Wah Wu, Aug 06 2024

a(n) = Sum_{i=1..2^(n/3)} A008683(i)*floor(2^n/i^3).

A160112 Number of cubefree integers not exceeding 10^n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 9, 85, 833, 8319, 83190, 831910, 8319081, 83190727, 831907372, 8319073719, 83190737244, 831907372522, 8319073725828, 83190737258105, 831907372580692, 8319073725807178, 83190737258070643, 831907372580707771

Offset: 0

Gerard P. Michon, May 02 2009, May 06 2009

An alternate definition specifying "less than 10^n" would yield the same sequence except for the first 3 terms: 0, 8, 84, 833, 8319, etc. (since powers of 10 beyond 1000 are not cubefree anyhow).

The limit of a(n)/10^n is the inverse of Apery's constant, 1/zeta(3), whose digits are given by A088453.

			a(0)=1 because 1 <= 10^0 is not a multiple of the cube of a prime.
a(1)=9 because the 9 numbers 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10 are cubefree; 8 is not.
a(2)=85 because there are 85 cubefree integers equal to 100 or less.
a(3)=833 because there are 833 cubefree integers below 1000 (which is not cubefree itself).

Chai Wah Wu, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..31 (terms 0..29 from Gerard P. Michon)
Gerard P. Michon, On the number of cubefree integers not exceeding N.

A004709 (cubefree numbers). A088453 (limit of the string of digits). A160113 (binary counterpart for cubefree integers). A071172 & A053462 (decimal counterpart for squarefree integers). A143658 (binary counterpart for squarefree integers).

with(numtheory): A160112:=n->add(mobius(i)*floor(10^n/(i^3)), i=1..10^n): (1,9,85,seq(A160112(n), n=3..5)); # Wesley Ivan Hurt, Aug 01 2015

Table[ Sum[ MoebiusMu[x]*Floor[10^n/(x^3)], {x, 10^(n/3)}], {n, 0, 18}] (* Robert G. Wilson v, May 27 2009 *)

from sympy import mobius, integer_nthroot
def A160112(n): return sum(mobius(k)*(10**n//k**3) for k in range(1, integer_nthroot(10**n,3)[0]+1)) # Chai Wah Wu, Aug 06 2024

from bitarray import bitarray
from sympy import integer_nthroot
def A160112(n): # faster program
    q = 10**n
    m = integer_nthroot(q,3)[0]+1
    a, b = bitarray(m), bitarray(m)
    a[1], p, i, c = 1, 2, 4, q-sum(q//k**3 for k in range(2,m))
    while i < m:
        j = 2
        while i < m:
            if j==p:
                c -= (b[i]^1 if a[i] else -1)*(q//i**3)
                j, a[i], b[i] = 0, 1, 1
            else:
                t1, t2 = a[i], b[i]
                if (t1&t2)^1:
                    a[i], b[i] = (t1^1)&t2, ((t1^1)&t2)^1
                    c += (t2 if t1 else 2)*(q//i**3) if (t1^1)&t2 else (t2-2 if t1 else 0)*(q//i**3)
            i += p
            j += 1
        p += 1
        while a[p]|b[p]:
            p += 1
        i = p<<1
    return c # Chai Wah Wu, Aug 06 2024

a(n) = Sum_{i=1..floor(10^(n/3))} A008683(i)*floor(10^n/i^3).

A063035 Number of integers m <= 10^n that contain a square factor (i.e., belong to A013929).

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 39, 392, 3917, 39206, 392074, 3920709, 39207306, 392072876, 3920729058, 39207289720, 392072897726, 3920728981706, 39207289814053, 392072898145897, 3920728981459595

Offset: 1

Robert G. Wilson v, Aug 02 2001

nonn

Note that "containing a square factor" (A013929) is different from "squareful" (A001694).

Robert G. Wilson v, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..36

Cf. A001694, A013929, A229099.

For the complementary counts see A053462 and A071172.

f[n_] := Sum[-MoebiusMu[i]Floor[n/i^2], {i, 2, Sqrt@ n}]; Table[ f[10^n], {n, 0, 14}]

{ default(realprecision, 50); for (n=1, 100, t=10^n - 1; a=10^n - sum(k=1, sqrt(t), moebius(k)*floor(t/k^2)); write("b063035.txt", n, " ", a) ) } \\ Harry J. Smith, Aug 16 2009

from math import isqrt
from sympy import mobius
def A063035(n): return (m:=10**n)-sum(mobius(k)*(m//k**2) for k in range(1,isqrt(m)+1)) # Chai Wah Wu, Jul 20 2024

Limit_{n->oo} a(n)/10^n = A229099. - Robert G. Wilson v, Aug 12 2014

a(n) = 10^n - A071172(n). - Amiram Eldar, Mar 10 2024

More terms from Harry J. Smith, Aug 16 2009

Edited (with a more precise definition and a new value for a(1)) by N. J. A. Sloane, Aug 06 2012. As a result of this change, the programs probably now give the wrong value for a(1). The source of the trouble was the ambiguous meaning of squareful - the official definition of squareful is A001694.

cp's OEIS Frontend

A007947 Largest squarefree number dividing n: the squarefree kernel of n, rad(n), radical of n.

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A143658 Number of squarefree integers not exceeding 2^n.

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A071172 Number of squarefree integers <= 10^n.

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A324318 Number of terms in A324315 (squarefree integers m > 1 such that if prime p divides m, then the sum of the base p digits of m is at least p) less than 10^n.

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A160113 Number of cubefree integers not exceeding 2^n.

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A160112 Number of cubefree integers not exceeding 10^n.

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