A001692 -id:A001692 - cp's OEIS frontend

A059966 a(n) = (1/n) * Sum_{ d divides n } mu(n/d) * (2^d - 1).

1, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18, 30, 56, 99, 186, 335, 630, 1161, 2182, 4080, 7710, 14532, 27594, 52377, 99858, 190557, 364722, 698870, 1342176, 2580795, 4971008, 9586395, 18512790, 35790267, 69273666, 134215680, 260300986, 505286415, 981706806

Offset: 1

Roland Bacher, Mar 05 2001

Dimensions of the homogeneous parts of the free Lie algebra with one generator in 1,2,3, etc. (Lie analog of the partition numbers).
This sequence is the Lie analog of the partition sequence (which gives the dimensions of the homogeneous polynomials with one generator in each degree) or similarly, of the partitions into distinct (or odd numbers) (which gives the dimensions of the homogeneous parts of the exterior algebra with one generator in each dimension).
The number of cycles of length n of rectangle shapes in the process of repeatedly cutting a square off the end of the rectangle. For example, the one cycle of length 1 is the golden rectangle. - David Pasino (davepasino(AT)yahoo.com), Jan 29 2009
In music, the number of distinct rhythms, at a given tempo, produced by a continuous repetition of measures with identical patterns of 1's and 0's (where 0 means no beat, and 1 means one beat), where each measure allows for n possible beats of uniform character, and when counted under these two conditions: (i) the starting and ending times for the measure are unknown or irrelevant and (ii) identical rhythms that can be produced by using a measure with fewer than n possible beats are excluded from the count. - Richard R. Forberg, Apr 22 2013
Richard R. Forberg's comment does not hold for n=1 because a(1)=1 but there are the two possible rhythms: "0" and "1". - Herbert Kociemba, Oct 24 2016
The comment does hold for n=1 as the rhythm "0" can be produced by using a measure of 0 beats and so is properly excluded from a(1)=1 by condition (ii) of the comment. - Travis Scott, May 28 2022
a(n) is also the number of Lyndon compositions (aperiodic necklaces of positive integers) with sum n. - Gus Wiseman, Dec 19 2017
Mobius transform of A008965. - Jianing Song, Nov 13 2021
a(n) is the number of cycles of length n for the map x->1 - abs(2*x-1) applied on rationals 0Michel Marcus, Jul 16 2025

			a(4)=3: the 3 elements [a,c], [a[a,b]] and d form a basis of all homogeneous elements of degree 4 in the free Lie algebra with generators a of degree 1, b of degree 2, c of degree 3 and d of degree 4.
From _Gus Wiseman_, Dec 19 2017: (Start)
The sequence of Lyndon compositions organized by sum begins:
  (1),
  (2),
  (3),(12),
  (4),(13),(112),
  (5),(14),(23),(113),(122),(1112),
  (6),(15),(24),(114),(132),(123),(1113),(1122),(11112),
  (7),(16),(25),(115),(34),(142),(124),(1114),(133),(223),(1213),(1132),(1123),(11113),(1222),(11212),(11122),(111112). (End)

C. Reutenauer, Free Lie algebras, Clarendon press, Oxford (1993).

Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
Nicolas Andrews, Lucas Gagnon, Félix Gélinas, Eric Schlums, and Mike Zabrocki, When are Hopf algebras determined by integer sequences?, arXiv:2505.06941 [math.CO], 2025. See p. 17.
S. V. Duzhin and D. V. Pasechnik, Groups acting on necklaces and sandpile groups, Journal of Mathematical Sciences, August 2014, Volume 200, Issue 6, pp 690-697. See page 85. - N. J. A. Sloane, Jun 30 2014
Seok-Jin Kang and Myung-Hwan Kim, Free Lie Algebras, Generalized Witt Formula and the Denominator Identity, Journal of Algebra 183, 560-594 (1996).
Michael J. Mossinghoff and Timothy S. Trudgian, A tale of two omegas, arXiv:1906.02847 [math.NT], 2019.
G. Niklasch, Some number theoretical constants: 1000-digit values [Cached copy]
Jakob Oesinghaus, Quasi-symmetric functions and the Chow ring of the stack of expanded pairs, arXiv:1806.10700 [math.AG], 2018.
Robert Schneider, Andrew V. Sills, and Hunter Waldron, On the q-factorization of power series, arXiv:2501.18744 [math.CO], 2025. See p. 6.

Apart from initial terms, same as A001037.

Cf. A000225, A000740, A008683, A008965, A011782, A060223, A185700, A228369, A269134 A281013, A296302, A296373.

a059966 n = sum (map (\x -> a008683 (n `div` x) * a000225 x)
                     [d | d <- [1..n], mod n d == 0]) `div` n
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 18 2011

Table[1/n Apply[Plus, Map[(MoebiusMu[n/# ](2^# - 1)) &, Divisors[n]]], {n, 20}]
(* Second program: *)
Table[(1/n) DivisorSum[n, MoebiusMu[n/#] (2^# - 1) &], {n, 35}] (* Michael De Vlieger, Jul 22 2019 *)

from sympy import mobius, divisors
def A059966(n): return sum(mobius(n//d)*(2**d-1) for d in divisors(n,generator=True))//n # Chai Wah Wu, Feb 03 2022

G.f.: Product_{n>0} (1-q^n)^a(n) = 1-q-q^2-q^3-q^4-... = 2-1/(1-q).
Inverse Euler transform of A011782. - Alois P. Heinz, Jun 23 2018
G.f.: Sum_{k>=1} mu(k)*log((1 - x^k)/(1 - 2*x^k))/k. - Ilya Gutkovskiy, May 19 2019
a(n) ~ 2^n / n. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Aug 10 2019
Dirichlet g.f.: f(s+1)/zeta(s+1) - 1, where f(s) = Sum_{n>=1} 2^n/n^s. - Jianing Song, Nov 13 2021

Explicit formula from Paul D. Hanna, Apr 15 2002

Description corrected by Axel Kleinschmidt, Sep 15 2002

A085548 Decimal expansion of the prime zeta function at 2: Sum_{p prime} 1/p^2.

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 5, 2, 2, 4, 7, 4, 2, 0, 0, 4, 1, 0, 6, 5, 4, 9, 8, 5, 0, 6, 5, 4, 3, 3, 6, 4, 8, 3, 2, 2, 4, 7, 9, 3, 4, 1, 7, 3, 2, 3, 1, 3, 4, 3, 2, 3, 9, 8, 9, 2, 4, 2, 1, 7, 3, 6, 4, 1, 8, 9, 3, 0, 3, 5, 1, 1, 6, 5, 0, 2, 7, 3, 6, 3, 9, 1, 0, 8, 7, 4, 4, 4, 8, 9, 5, 7, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 4, 9, 0, 6, 8, 5, 8, 2, 2, 2, 8, 0, 6

Offset: 0

Cino Hilliard, Jul 03 2003

Mathar's Table 1 (cited below) lists expansions of the prime zeta function at integers s in 10..39. - Jason Kimberley, Jan 05 2017

			0.4522474200410654985065... = 1/2^2 + 1/3^2 + 1/5^2 +1/7^2 + 1/11^2 + 1/13^2 + ...

Henri Cohen, Number Theory, Volume II: Analytic and Modern Tools, GTM Vol. 240, Springer, 2007; see pp. 208-209.
Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, vol. 94, Cambridge University Press, 2003, pp. 94-98.

Jason Kimberley, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1093
Henri Cohen, High Precision Computation of Hardy-Littlewood Constants, Preprint, 1998.
Henri Cohen, High-precision computation of Hardy-Littlewood constants. [pdf copy, with permission]
Persi Diaconis, Frederick Mosteller, and Hironari Onishi, Second-order terms for the variances and covariances of the number of prime factors-including the square free case, J. Number Theory 9 (1977), no. 2, 187--202. MR0434991 (55 #7953).
Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants II, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and Its Applications, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2018, p. 171 and 190.
J. W. L. Glaisher, On the Sums of Inverse Powers of the Prime Numbers, Quart. J. Math. 25, 347-362, 1891.
Xavier Gourdon and Pascal Sebah, Some Constants from Number theory.
Lajos Hajdu and Rob Tijdeman, Integers represented by Lucas sequences, arXiv:2408.04982 [math.NT], 2024. See p. 16.
Shanta Laishram and Florian Luca, Rectangles Of Nonvisible Lattice Points, J. Int. Seq. 18 (2015), Article 15.10.8, Theorem 1.
Jon Lee, Joseph Paat, Ingo Stallknecht, and Luze Xu, Polynomial upper bounds on the number of differing columns of Delta-modular integer programs, arXiv:2105.08160 [math.OC], 2021, see page 23.
R. J. Mathar, Series of reciprocal powers of k-almost primes, arXiv:0803.0900 [math.NT], 2008-2009. Table 1.
Gerhard Niklasch and Pieter Moree, Some number-theoretical constants. [Cached copy]
Michael Ian Shamos, Property Enumerators and a Partial Sum Theorem, 2011; alternative link.
Hanson Smith, Ramification in the Division Fields of Elliptic Curves and an Application to Sporadic Points on Modular Curves, arXiv:1810.04809 [math.NT], 2018.
Hanson Smith, Ramification in Division Fields and Sporadic Points on Modular Curves, U. Conn. (2020).
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Distinct Prime Factors.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Prime Sums.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Prime Zeta Function.
Wikipedia, Prime Zeta Function.
Index to constants which are prime zeta sums {2,0,0}

Decimal expansion of the prime zeta function: this sequence (at 2), A085541 (at 3), A085964 (at 4) to A085969 (at 9).
Cf. A136271 (derivative), A117543 (semiprimes), A222056, A209329, A124012.
Cf. A000720, A001248, A013661, A078437, A242301.

R := RealField(106);
PrimeZeta := func;
Reverse(IntegerToSequence(Floor(PrimeZeta(2,173)*10^105)));
// Jason Kimberley, Dec 30 2016

RealDigits[PrimeZetaP[2], 10, 105][[1]]  (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 24 2011, updated May 06 2021 *)

recip2(n) = { v=0; p=1; forprime(y=2,n, v=v+1./y^2; ); print(v) }

eps()=my(p=default(realprecision)); precision(2.>>(32*ceil(p*38539962/371253907)),9)
lm=lambertw(log(4)/eps())\log(4);
sum(k=1,lm, moebius(k)/k*log(abs(zeta(2*k)))) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 19 2013

sumeulerrat(1/p,2) \\ Hugo Pfoertner, Feb 03 2020

P(2) = Sum_{p prime} 1/p^2 = Sum_{n>=1} mobius(n)*log(zeta(2*n))/n. - Antonio G. Astudillo (afg_astudillo(AT)lycos.com), Jul 06 2003
Equals A085991 + A086032 + 1/4. - R. J. Mathar, Jul 22 2010
Equals Sum_{k>=1} 1/A001248(k). - Amiram Eldar, Jul 27 2020
Equals Sum_{k>=2} pi(k)*(2*k+1)/(k^2*(k+1)^2), where pi(k) = A000720(k) (Shamos, 2011, p. 9). - Amiram Eldar, Mar 12 2024

More terms from Antonio G. Astudillo (afg_astudillo(AT)lycos.com), Jul 06 2003

Offset corrected by R. J. Mathar, Feb 05 2009

A065463 Decimal expansion of Product_{p prime} (1 - 1/(p*(p+1))).

Original entry on oeis.org

7, 0, 4, 4, 4, 2, 2, 0, 0, 9, 9, 9, 1, 6, 5, 5, 9, 2, 7, 3, 6, 6, 0, 3, 3, 5, 0, 3, 2, 6, 6, 3, 7, 2, 1, 0, 1, 8, 8, 5, 8, 6, 4, 3, 1, 4, 1, 7, 0, 9, 8, 0, 4, 9, 4, 1, 4, 2, 2, 6, 8, 4, 2, 5, 9, 1, 0, 9, 7, 0, 5, 6, 6, 8, 2, 0, 0, 6, 7, 7, 8, 5, 3, 6, 8, 0, 8, 2, 4, 4, 1, 4, 5, 6, 9, 3, 1, 3

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 19 2001

The density of A268335. - Vladimir Shevelev, Feb 01 2016

The probability that two numbers are coprime given that one of them is coprime to a randomly chosen third number. - Luke Palmer, Apr 27 2019

			0.7044422009991655927366033503...

Olivier Bordellès and Benoit Cloitre, An Alternating Sum Involving the Reciprocal of Certain Multiplicative Functions, J. Int. Seq., Vol. 16 (2013), Article 13.6.3.
Eckford Cohen, Arithmetical functions associated with the unitary divisors of an integer, Mathematische Zeitschrift, Vol. 74, No. 1 (1960), pp. 66-80.
Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants II, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and Its Applications, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2018, p. 50.
David Handelman, Invariants for critical dimension groups and permutation-Hermite equivalence, arXiv preprint arXiv:1309.7417 [math.AC], 2013-2017.
R. J. Mathar, Hardy-Littlewood constants embedded into infinite products over all positive integers, arxiv:0903.2514 [math.NT] (2009) constant Q_1^(1).
G. Niklasch, Some number theoretical constants: 1000-digit values.
G. Niklasch, Some number theoretical constants: 1000-digit values. [Cached copy]
V. Sita Ramaiah and D. Suryanarayana, Sums of reciprocals of some multiplicative functions, Mathematical Journal of Okayama University, Vol. 21, No. 2 (1979), pp. 155-164.
R. Sitaramachandrarao and D. Suryanarayana, On Sigma_{n<=x} sigma*(n) and Sigma_{n<=x} phi*(n), Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, Vol. 41, No. 1 (1973), pp. 61-66.
László Tóth, Alternating sums concerning multiplicative arithmetic functions, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 20 (2017), Article 17.2.1,arXiv preprint, arXiv:1608.00795 [math.NT], 2016.
Deyu Zhang and Wenguang Zhai, Mean Values of a Gcd-Sum Function Over Regular Integers Modulo n, J. Int. Seq., Vol. 13 (2010), Article 10.4.7, eq. (4).
Rimer Zurita Generalized Alternating Sums of Multiplicative Arithmetic Functions, J. Int. Seq., Vol. 23 (2020), Article 20.10.4.

Cf. A001615, A007947, A047994, A078082, A268335, A306633.

Cf. A000203, A065473, A065480, A065490, A008683.

$MaxExtraPrecision = 1200; digits = 98; terms = 1200; P[n_] := PrimeZetaP[n]; LR = Join[{0, 0}, LinearRecurrence[{-2, 0, 1}, {-2, 3, -6}, terms + 10]]; r[n_Integer] := LR[[n]]; Exp[NSum[r[n]*P[n - 1]/(n - 1), {n, 3, terms}, NSumTerms -> terms, WorkingPrecision -> digits + 10]] // RealDigits[#, 10, digits]& // First (* Jean-François Alcover, Apr 18 2016 *)

prodeulerrat(1 - 1/(p*(p+1))) \\ Amiram Eldar, Mar 14 2021

From Amiram Eldar, Mar 05 2019: (Start)
Equals lim_{m->oo} (2/m^2)*Sum_{k=1..m} rad(k), where rad(k) = A007947(k) is the squarefree kernel of k (Cohen).
Equals lim_{m->oo} (2/m^2)*Sum_{k=1..m} uphi(k), where uphi(k) = A047994(k) is the unitary totient function (Sitaramachandrarao and Suryanarayana).
Equals lim_{m->oo} (1/log(m))*Sum_{k=1..m} 1/psi(k), where psi(k) = A001615(k) is the Dedekind psi function (Sita Ramaiah and Suryanarayana).
(End)
Equals A065473*A013661/A065480. - Luke Palmer, Apr 27 2019
Equals Sum_{k>=1} mu(k)/(k*sigma(k)), where mu is the Möbius function (A008683) and sigma(k) is the sum of divisors of k (A000203). - Amiram Eldar, Jan 14 2022
Equals 1/A065489. - R. J. Mathar, May 27 2025

A005596 Decimal expansion of Artin's constant Product_{p=prime} (1-1/(p^2-p)).

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 7, 3, 9, 5, 5, 8, 1, 3, 6, 1, 9, 2, 0, 2, 2, 8, 8, 0, 5, 4, 7, 2, 8, 0, 5, 4, 3, 4, 6, 4, 1, 6, 4, 1, 5, 1, 1, 1, 6, 2, 9, 2, 4, 8, 6, 0, 6, 1, 5, 0, 0, 4, 2, 0, 9, 4, 7, 4, 2, 8, 0, 2, 4, 1, 7, 3, 5, 0, 1, 8, 2, 0, 4, 0, 0, 2, 8, 0, 8, 2, 3, 4, 4, 3, 0, 4, 3, 1, 7, 0, 8, 7, 2, 5, 0, 5, 6, 8, 9, 8, 1, 6, 0, 3

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

On Simon Plouffe's web page (and in the book freely available at Gutenberg project) the value is given with an error of +1e-31, as "...651641..." instead of "...641641...". In the reference [Wrench, 1961] cited there, these digits are correct. They are also correct on the Plouffe's Inverter page, as computed by Oliveira e Silva, who comments it took 1 hour at 200 MHz with Mathematica. Using Amiram Eldar's PARI program, the same 500 digits are computed instantly (less than 0.1 sec). - M. F. Hasler, Apr 20 2021

Named after the Austrian mathematician Emil Artin (1898-1962). - Amiram Eldar, Jun 20 2021

			0.37395581361920228805472805434641641511162924860615...

Henri Cohen, Number Theory, Volume II: Analytic and Modern Tools, GTM Vol. 240, Springer, 2007; see pp. 208-209.
John H. Conway and Richard K. Guy, The Book of Numbers, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1996. See p. 169.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Harry J. Smith, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
Ivan Cherednik, A note on Artin's constant, arXiv:0810.2325 [math.NT], 2008.
Henri Cohen, High-precision computation of Hardy-Littlewood constants, (1998).
Henri Cohen, High-precision computation of Hardy-Littlewood constants. [pdf copy, with permission]
Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants II, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and Its Applications, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2018, p. 156 (constant C7).
R. J. Mathar, Hardy-Littlewood constants embedded into infinite products over all positive integers, arXiv:0903.2514 [math.NT], 2009-2001; constant A_1^(1).
Pieter Moree, Artin's primitive root conjecture - a survey, arXiv:math/0412262 [math.NT], 2004-2012.
Pieter Moree, The formal series Witt transform, Discr. Math., Vol. 295, No. 1-3 (2005), pp. 143-160. See p. 159.
G. Niklasch, Some number theoretical constants: 1000-digit values. [Cached copy]
G. Niklasch, Artin's constant.
Simon Plouffe, The Artin's Constant=product(1-1/(p**2-p), p=prime) [backup on web.archive.org; chapter 8 of the free Gutenberg.org/ebooks/634]. [Warning: the value given in this reference is incorrect, cf. comment!]
Tomás Oliveira e Silva and Plouffe's Inverter, The first 500 digits of Artin's constant.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Artin's constant.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Full Reptend Prime.
R. G. Wilson v, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Aug. 1993.
John W. Wrench, Jr., Evaluation of Artin's constant and the twin-prime constant, Math. Comp., Vol. 15, No. 76 (1961), pp. 396-398.
Index entries for sequences related to Artin's conjecture.

Cf. A048296, A065414, A001913, A001122.

a = Exp[-NSum[ (LucasL[n] - 1)/n PrimeZetaP[n], {n, 2, Infinity}, PrecisionGoal -> 500, WorkingPrecision -> 500, NSumTerms -> 100000]]; RealDigits[a, 10, 111][[1]] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 03 2014 taken from Mathematica's Help file on PrimeZetaP *)

prodinf(n=2,1/zeta(n)^(sumdiv(n, d, moebius(n/d)*(fibonacci(d-1)+fibonacci(d+1)))/n)) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Aug 27 2014

prodeulerrat(1-1/(p^2-p)) \\ Amiram Eldar, Mar 12 2021

Equals Product_{j>=2} 1/Zeta(j)^A006206(j), where Zeta = A013661, A002117 etc. is Riemann's zeta function. - R. J. Mathar, Feb 14 2009
Equals Sum_{k>=1} mu(k)/(k*phi(k)), where mu is the Moebius function (A008683) and phi is the Euler totient function (A000010). - Amiram Eldar, Mar 11 2020
Equals 1/A065488. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 17 2021

More terms from Tomás Oliveira e Silva (http://www.ieeta.pt/~tos)

A085541 Decimal expansion of the prime zeta function at 3.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 7, 4, 7, 6, 2, 6, 3, 9, 2, 9, 9, 4, 4, 3, 5, 3, 6, 4, 2, 3, 1, 1, 3, 3, 1, 4, 6, 6, 5, 7, 0, 6, 7, 0, 0, 9, 7, 5, 4, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 9, 2, 6, 1, 4, 9, 2, 8, 9, 8, 8, 8, 6, 7, 2, 0, 1, 6, 7, 0, 1, 6, 3, 1, 5, 8, 9, 5, 2, 8, 1, 2, 9, 5, 8, 7, 6, 3, 5, 6, 3, 4, 2, 0, 0, 5, 3, 6, 9, 7, 2, 5, 6, 0, 5, 4, 6, 7, 9, 1

Offset: 0

Cino Hilliard, Jul 02 2003

Mathar's Table 1 (cited below) lists expansions of the prime zeta function at integers s in 10..39. - Jason Kimberley, Jan 05 2017

			0.1747626392994435364231...

Henri Cohen, Number Theory, Volume II: Analytic and Modern Tools, GTM Vol. 240, Springer, 2007; see pp. 208-209.
J. W. L. Glaisher, On the Sums of Inverse Powers of the Prime Numbers, Quart. J. Math. 25, 347-362, 1891.

Jason Kimberley, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1497
Henri Cohen, High Precision Computation of Hardy-Littlewood Constants, Preprint, 1998.
Henri Cohen, High-precision computation of Hardy-Littlewood constants. [pdf copy, with permission]
X. Gourdon and P. Sebah, Some Constants from Number theory
R. J. Mathar, Series of reciprocal powers of k-almost primes, arXiv:0803.0900 [math.NT], 2008-2009. Table 1.
Gerhard Niklasch and Pieter Moree, Some number-theoretical constants [Cached copy]
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Prime Zeta Function
Index to constants which are prime zeta sums {3,0,0}

Decimal expansion of the prime zeta function: A085548 (at 2), this sequence (at 3), A085964 (at 4) to A085969 (at 9).

Cf. A002117, A030078, A242302.

R := RealField(106);
PrimeZeta := func;
Reverse(IntegerToSequence(Floor(PrimeZeta(3,117)*10^105)));
// Jason Kimberley, Dec 30 2016

(* If Mathematica version >= 7.0 then RealDigits[PrimeZetaP[3]//N[#,105]&][[1]] else : *) m = 200; $MaxExtraPrecision = 200; PrimeZetaP[s_] := NSum[MoebiusMu[k]*Log[Zeta[k*s]]/k, {k, 1, m}, AccuracyGoal -> m, NSumTerms -> m, PrecisionGoal -> m, WorkingPrecision -> m]; RealDigits[PrimeZetaP[3]][[1]][[1 ;; 105]] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 24 2011 *)

recip3(n) = { v=0; p=1; forprime(y=2,n, v=v+1./y^3; ); print(v) }

sumeulerrat(1/p,3) \\ Hugo Pfoertner, Feb 03 2020

P(3) = Sum_{p prime} 1/p^3 = Sum_{n>=1} mobius(n)*log(zeta(3*n))/n. - Antonio G. Astudillo (afg_astudillo(AT)lycos.com), Jul 06 2003
Equals A086033 + A085992 + 1/8. - R. J. Mathar, Jul 22 2010
Equals Sum_{k>=1} 1/A030078(k). - Amiram Eldar, Jul 27 2020

More terms from Antonio G. Astudillo (afg_astudillo(AT)lycos.com), Jul 06 2003

A074650 Table T(n,k) read by downward antidiagonals: number of Lyndon words (aperiodic necklaces) with n beads of k colors, n >= 1, k >= 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 0, 3, 1, 0, 4, 3, 2, 0, 5, 6, 8, 3, 0, 6, 10, 20, 18, 6, 0, 7, 15, 40, 60, 48, 9, 0, 8, 21, 70, 150, 204, 116, 18, 0, 9, 28, 112, 315, 624, 670, 312, 30, 0, 10, 36, 168, 588, 1554, 2580, 2340, 810, 56, 0, 11, 45, 240, 1008, 3360, 7735, 11160, 8160, 2184, 99, 0

Offset: 1

Christian G. Bower, Aug 28 2002

D. E. Knuth uses the term 'prime strings' for Lyndon words because of the fundamental theorem stating the unique factorization of strings into nonincreasing prime strings (see Knuth 7.2.1.1). With this terminology T(n,k) is the number of k-ary n-tuples (a_1,...,a_n) such that the string a_1...a_n is prime. - Peter Luschny, Aug 14 2012
Also, for k a power of a prime, the number of monic irreducible polynomials of degree n over GF(k). - Andrew Howroyd, Dec 23 2017
An equivalent description: Array read by antidiagonals: T(n,k) = number of conjugacy classes of primitive words of length k >= 1 over an alphabet of size n >= 1.
There are a few incorrect values in Table 1 in the Perrin-Reutenauer paper (Christophe Reutenauer, personal communication), see A294438. - Lars Blomberg, Dec 05 2017
The fact that T(3,4) = 20 coincides with the number of the amino acids encoded by DNA made Francis Crick, John Griffith and Leslie Orgel conjecture in 1957 that the genetic code is a comma-free code, which later turned out to be false. [Hayes] - Andrey Zabolotskiy, Mar 24 2018

			T(4, 3) counts the 18 ternary prime strings of length 4 which are: 0001, 0002, 0011, 0012, 0021, 0022, 0102, 0111, 0112, 0121, 0122, 0211, 0212, 0221, 0222, 1112, 1122, 1222.
Square array starts:
  1,  2,   3,    4,     5,     6,      7, ...
  0,  1,   3,    6,    10,    15,     21, ...
  0,  2,   8,   20,    40,    70,    112, ...
  0,  3,  18,   60,   150,   315,    588, ...
  0,  6,  48,  204,   624,  1554,   3360, ...
  0,  9, 116,  670,  2580,  7735,  19544, ...
  0, 18, 312, 2340, 11160, 39990, 117648, ...
  ...
The transposed array starts:
   1  0  0     0     0      0       0        0         0          0,
   2  1  2     3     6      9      18       30        56         99,
   3  3  8    18    48    116     312      810      2184       5880,
   4  6  20   60   204    670    2340     8160     29120     104754,
   5 10  40  150   624   2580   11160    48750    217000     976248,
   6 15  70  315  1554   7735   39990   209790   1119720    6045837,
   7 21 112  588  3360  19544  117648   720300   4483696   28245840,
   8 28 168 1008  6552  43596  299592  2096640  14913024  107370900,
   9 36 240 1620 11808  88440  683280  5380020  43046640  348672528,
  10 45 330 2475 19998 166485 1428570 12498750 111111000  999989991,
  11 55 440 3630 32208 295020 2783880 26793030 261994040 2593726344,
  12 66 572 5148 49764 497354 5118828 53745120 573308736 6191711526,
  ...
The initial antidiagonals are:
   1
   2  0
   3  1   0
   4  3   2    0
   5  6   8    3    0
   6 10  20   18    6     0
   7 15  40   60   48     9     0
   8 21  70  150  204   116    18     0
   9 28 112  315  624   670   312    30     0
  10 36 168  588 1554  2580  2340   810    56    0
  11 45 240 1008 3360  7735 11160  8160  2184   99   0
  12 55 330 1620 6552 19544 39990 48750 29120 5880 186 0

F. Bergeron, G. Labelle and P. Leroux, Combinatorial Species and Tree-Like Structures, Cambridge, 1998, p. 97 (2.3.74)
Miklos Bona, editor, Handbook of Enumerative Combinatorics, CRC Press, 2015, p. 495.
D. E. Knuth, Generating All Tuples and Permutations. The Art of Computer Programming, Vol. 4, Fascicle 2, pp. 26-27, Addison-Wesley, 2005.

Alois P. Heinz, Antidiagonals n = 1..141, flattened
B. Hayes, The invention of the genetic code, American Scientist, Vol. 86, No. 1 (January-February 1998), pp. 8-14.
Veronika Irvine, Lace Tessellations: A mathematical model for bobbin lace and an exhaustive combinatorial search for patterns, PhD Dissertation, University of Victoria, 2016.
Irem Kucukoglu and Yilmaz Simsek, On k-ary Lyndon words and their generating functions, AIP Conference Proceedings 1863, 300004 (2017).
R. C. Lyndon, On Burnside's problem, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 77, (1954) 202-215.
Dominique Perrin and Christophe Reutenauer, Hall sets, Lazard sets and comma-free codes, arXiv preprint arXiv:1609.05438 [math.CO] (2016).
Dominique Perrin and Christophe Reutenauer, Hall sets, Lazard sets and comma-free codes, Discrete Math., 341 (2018), 232-243.
Dominique Perrin and Christophe Reutenauer, Hall sets, Lazard sets and comma-free codes, Discrete Math., 341 (2018), 232-243. [Annotated scanned copy of page 236 only.]
Wikipedia, Lyndon word
Index entries for sequences related to Lyndon words

Columns k: A001037 (k=2), A027376 (k=3), A027377 (k=4), A001692 (k=5), A032164 (k=6), A001693 (k=7), A027380 (k=8), A027381 (k=9), A032165 (k=10), A032166 (k=11), A032167 (k=12), A060216 (k=13), A060217 (k=14), A060218 (k=15), A060219 (k=16), A060220 (k=17), A060221 (k=18), A060222 (k=19).
Rows n: A000027 (n=1), A000217(k-1) (n=2), A007290(k+1) (n=3), A006011 (n=4), A208536(k+1) (n=5), A292350 (n=6), A208537(k+1) (n=7).
Cf. A000010, A008683, A075147 (main diagonal), A102659, A215474 (preprime strings), A383011.

t:= func< n,k | (&+[MoebiusMu(Floor(n/d))*k^d: d in Divisors(n)])/n >; // array
A074650:= func< n,k | t(k, n-k+1) >; // downward diagonals
[A074650(n,k): k in [1..n], n in [1..15]]; // G. C. Greubel, Aug 01 2024

with(numtheory):
T:= proc(n, k) add(mobius(n/d)*k^d, d=divisors(n))/n end:
seq(seq(T(i, 1+d-i), i=1..d), d=1..11);  # Alois P. Heinz, Mar 28 2008

max = 12; t[n_, k_] := Total[ MoebiusMu[n/#]*k^# & /@ Divisors[n]]/n; Flatten[ Table[ t[n-k+1, k], {n, 1, max}, {k, n, 1, -1}]] (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 18 2011, after Maple *)

T(n,k)=sumdiv(n,d,moebius(n/d)*k^d)/n \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Oct 18 2011

# This algorithm generates and counts all k-ary n-tuples (a_1,..,a_n) such
# that the string a_1...a_n is prime. It is algorithm F in Knuth 7.2.1.1.
def A074650(n, k):
    a = [0]*(n+1); a[0]=-1
    j = 1; count = 0
    while(j != 0) :
        if j == n : count += 1; # print("".join(map(str,a[1:])))
        else: j = n
        while a[j] >= k-1 : j -= 1
        a[j] += 1
        for i in (j+1..n): a[i] = a[i-j]
    return count   # Peter Luschny, Aug 14 2012

T(n,k) = (1/n) * Sum_{d|n} mu(n/d)*k^d.
T(n,k) = (k^n - Sum_{dAlois P. Heinz, Mar 28 2008
From Richard L. Ollerton, May 10 2021: (Start)
T(n,k) = (1/n)*Sum_{i=1..n} mu(gcd(n,i))*k^(n/gcd(n,i))/phi(n/gcd(n,i)).
T(n,k) = (1/n)*Sum_{i=1..n} mu(n/gcd(n,i))*k^gcd(n,i)/phi(n/gcd(n,i)). (End)
From Seiichi Manyama, Apr 12 2025: (Start)
G.f. of column k: -Sum_{j>=1} mu(j) * log(1 - k*x^j) / j.
Product_{n>=1} 1/(1 - x^n)^T(n,k) = 1/(1 - k*x). (End)

A065474 Decimal expansion of Product_{p prime} (1 - 2/p^2).

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 2, 2, 6, 3, 4, 0, 9, 8, 9, 3, 9, 2, 4, 4, 6, 7, 0, 5, 7, 9, 5, 3, 1, 6, 9, 2, 5, 4, 8, 2, 3, 7, 0, 6, 6, 5, 7, 0, 9, 5, 0, 5, 7, 9, 6, 6, 5, 8, 3, 2, 7, 0, 9, 9, 6, 1, 8, 1, 1, 2, 5, 2, 4, 5, 3, 2, 5, 0, 0, 6, 3, 4, 8, 6, 2, 4, 4, 6, 0, 9, 8, 8, 4, 5, 2, 3, 4, 8, 1, 5, 6, 8, 5, 6, 3, 7, 5, 5, 2, 1, 7, 7, 2, 7, 3

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 19 2001

Density of A007674, squarefree n such that n + 1 is squarefree. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Aug 10 2011
Product_{k>=1} (1 - 2/k^2) = sin(sqrt(2)*Pi) / (sqrt(2)*Pi). - Vaclav Kotesovec, May 23 2020
The asymptotic probability that, for two integers k and m, 0 < k <= m, we have gcd(k*(k+1), m) = 1 (when k and m are chosen at random in the range 1..n and n->oo) (Tóth and Sándor, 1989). - Amiram Eldar, Apr 29 2023

			0.322634098939244670579531692548...

Henri Cohen, Number Theory, Volume II: Analytic and Modern Tools, GTM Vol. 240, Springer, 2007; see pp. 208-209.

Henri Cohen, High precision computation of Hardy-Littlewood constants, (1998).
Henri Cohen, High-precision computation of Hardy-Littlewood constants. [pdf copy, with permission]
Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants II, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and Its Applications, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2018, p. 163 and 184.
R. J. Mathar, Hardy-Littlewood constants embedded into infinite products over all positive integers, arXiv:0903.2514 [math.NT], 2009-2011, constant F_1^(2).
G. Niklasch, Some number theoretical constants: 1000-digit values. [Cached copy]
L. Tóth and J. Sándor, An asymptotic formula concerning a generalized Euler function, Fibonacci Quarterly, Vol. 27, No. 2 (1989), pp. 176-180.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Squarefree.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Prime Products.
Zack Wolske, Number Fields with Large Minimal Index, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Toronto, 2018.

Cf. A007674, A058026, A065493, A074893.

$MaxExtraPrecision = 800; digits = 98; terms = 800; P[n_] := PrimeZetaP[n]; LR = Join[{0, 0}, LinearRecurrence[{0, 2}, {-4, 0}, terms + 10]]; r[n_Integer] := LR[[n]]; Exp[NSum[r[n]*P[n - 1]/(n - 1), {n, 3, terms}, NSumTerms -> terms, WorkingPrecision -> digits + 10]] // RealDigits[#, 10, digits]& // First (* Jean-François Alcover, Apr 18 2016 *)

prodeulerrat(1 - 2/p^2) \\ Amiram Eldar, Mar 16 2021

Edited by Dean Hickerson, Sep 10 2002

More digits from Vaclav Kotesovec, Dec 18 2019

A005597 Decimal expansion of the twin prime constant C_2 = Product_{ p prime >= 3 } (1-1/(p-1)^2).

Original entry on oeis.org

6, 6, 0, 1, 6, 1, 8, 1, 5, 8, 4, 6, 8, 6, 9, 5, 7, 3, 9, 2, 7, 8, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 4, 5, 5, 5, 7, 7, 8, 4, 3, 2, 6, 2, 3, 3, 6, 0, 2, 8, 4, 7, 3, 3, 4, 1, 3, 3, 1, 9, 4, 4, 8, 4, 2, 3, 3, 3, 5, 4, 0, 5, 6, 4, 2, 3, 0, 4, 4, 9, 5, 2, 7, 7, 1, 4, 3, 7, 6, 0, 0, 3, 1, 4, 1, 3, 8, 3, 9, 8, 6, 7, 9, 1, 1, 7, 7, 9

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

C_2 = Product_{ p prime > 2} (p * (p-2) / (p-1)^2) is the 2-tuple case of the Hardy-Littlewood prime k-tuple constant (part of First H-L Conjecture): C_k = Product_{ p prime > k} (p^(k-1) * (p-k) / (p-1)^k).
Although C_2 is commonly called the twin prime constant, it is actually the prime 2-tuple constant (prime pair constant) which is relevant to prime pairs (p, p+2m), m >= 1.
The Hardy-Littlewood asymptotic conjecture for Pi_2m(n), the number of prime pairs (p, p+2m), m >= 1, with p <= n, claims that Pi_2m(n) ~ C_2(2m) * Li_2(n), where Li_2(n) = Integral_{2, n} (dx/log^2(x)) and C_2(2m) = 2 * C_2 * Product_{p prime > 2, p | m} (p-1)/(p-2), which gives: C_2(2) = 2 * C_2 as the prime pair (p, p+2) constant, C_2(4) = 2 * C_2 as the prime pair (p, p+4) constant, C_2(6) = 2* (2/1) * C_2 as the prime pair (p, p+6) constant, C_2(8) = 2 * C_2 as the prime pair (p, p+8) constant, C_2(10) = 2 * (4/3) * C_2 as the prime pair (p, p+10) constant, C_2(12) = 2 * (2/1) * C_2 as the prime pair (p, p+12) constant, C_2(14) = 2 * (6/5) * C_2 as the prime pair (p, p+14) constant, C_2(16) = 2 * C_2 as the prime pair (p, p+16) constant, ... and, for i >= 1, C_2(2^i) = 2 * C_2 as the prime pair (p, p+2^i) constant.
C_2 also occurs as part of other Hardy-Littlewood conjectures related to prime pairs, e.g., the Hardy-Littlewood conjecture concerning the distribution of the Sophie Germain primes (A156874) on primes p such that 2p+1 is also prime.
Another constant related to the twin primes is Viggo Brun's constant B (sometimes also called the twin primes Viggo Brun's constant B_2) A065421, where B_2 = Sum (1/p + 1/q) as (p,q) runs through the twin primes.
Reciprocal of the Selberg-Delange constant A167864. See A167864 for additional comments and references. - Jonathan Sondow, Nov 18 2009
C_2 = Product_{prime p>2} (p-2)p/(p-1)^2 is an analog for primes of Wallis' product 2/Pi = Product_{n=1 to oo} (2n-1)(2n+1)/(2n)^2. - Jonathan Sondow, Nov 18 2009
One can compute a cubic variant, product_{primes >2} (1-1/(p-1)^3) = 0.855392... = (2/3) * 0.6601618...* 1.943596... by multiplying this constant with 2/3 and A082695. - R. J. Mathar, Apr 03 2011
Cohen (1998, p. 7) referred to this number as the "twin prime and Goldbach constant" and noted that, conjecturally, the number of twin prime pairs (p,p+2) with p <= X tends to 2*C_2*X/log(X)^2 as X tends to infinity. - Artur Jasinski, Feb 01 2021

			0.6601618158468695739278121100145557784326233602847334133194484233354056423...

Henri Cohen, Number Theory, Volume II: Analytic and Modern Tools, GTM Vol. 240, Springer, 2007; see pp. 208-209.
Richard Crandall and Carl Pomerance, Prime Numbers: A Computational Perspective, Springer, NY, 2001; see p. 11.
Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, Vol. 94, Cambridge University Press, 2003, pp. 84-93, 133.
R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, Section A8.
G. H. Hardy and E. M. Wright, An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers, 5th ed., Oxford Univ. Press, 1979, ch. 22.20.
Paulo Ribenboim, The Little Book of Bigger Primes, Springer-Verlag NY 2004. See pp. 194, 263-264.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Harry J. Smith, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1001
Folkmar Bornemann, PRIMES Is in P: Breakthrough for "Everyman", Notices Amer. Math. Soc., Vol. 50, No. 5 (May 2003), p. 549.
Paul S. Bruckman, Problem H-576, Advanced Problems and Solutions, The Fibonacci Quarterly, Vol. 39, No. 4 (2001), p. 379; General IZE, Solution to Problem H-576 by the proposer, ibid., Vol. 40, No. 4 (2002), pp. 383-384.
C. K. Caldwell, The Prime Glossary, twin prime constant.
Henri Cohen, High-precision computation of Hardy-Littlewood constants, (1998).
Henri Cohen, High-precision computation of Hardy-Littlewood constants. [pdf copy, with permission]
Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants, Errata and Addenda, arXiv:2001.00578 [math.HO], 2020, Sec. 2.1.
Philippe Flajolet and Ilan Vardi, Zeta Function Expansions of Classical Constants, Unpublished manuscript. 1996.
Daniel A. Goldston, Timothy Ngotiaoco and Julian Ziegler Hunts, The tail of the singular series for the prime pair and Goldbach problems, Functiones et Approximatio Commentarii Mathematici, Vol. 56, No. 1 (2017), pp. 117-141; arXiv preprint, arXiv:1409.2151 [math.NT], 2014.
R. J. Mathar, Hardy-Littlewood constants embedded into infinite products over all positive integers, arXiv:0903.2514 [math.NT], 2009-2011, constant T_1^(2).
B. H. Mayoh, The 2nd Goldbach conjecture revisited, BIT 8 (1968) 128-133 Table 5.
G. Niklasch, Some number theoretical constants: 1000-digit values. [Cached copy]
G. Niklasch, Twin primes constant.
Simon Plouffe, The twin primes constant.
Simon Plouffe, Plouffe's Inverter, The twin primes constant.
Pascal Sebah, Numbers, constants and computation (gives 5000 digits).
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Twin Primes Constant.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Twin Prime Conjecture.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, k-Tuple Conjecture.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Prime Constellation.
John W. Wrench, Jr., Evaluation of Artin's constant and the twin-prime constant, Math. Comp., Vol. 15, No. 76 (1961), pp. 396-398.

Cf. A065645 (continued fraction), A065646 (denominators of convergents to twin prime constant), A065647 (numerators of convergents to twin prime constant), A062270, A062271, A114907, A065418 (C_3), A167864, A000010, A008683.

s[n_] := (1/n)*N[ Sum[ MoebiusMu[d]*2^(n/d), {d, Divisors[n]}], 160]; C2 = (175/256)*Product[ (Zeta[n]*(1 - 2^(-n))*(1 - 3^(-n))*(1 - 5^(-n))*(1 - 7^(-n)))^(-s[n]), {n, 2, 160}]; RealDigits[C2][[1]][[1 ;; 105]] (* Jean-François Alcover, Oct 15 2012, after PARI *)
digits = 105; f[n_] := -2*(2^n-1)/(n+1); C2 = Exp[NSum[f[n]*(PrimeZetaP[n+1] - 1/2^(n+1)), {n, 1, Infinity}, NSumTerms -> 5 digits, WorkingPrecision -> 5 digits]]; RealDigits[C2, 10, digits][[1]] (* Jean-François Alcover, Apr 16 2016, updated Apr 24 2018 *)

\p1000; 175/256*prod(k=2,500,(zeta(k)*(1-1/2^k)*(1-1/3^k)*(1-1/5^k)*(1-1/7^k))^(-sumdiv(k,d,moebius(d)*2^(k/d))/k))

prodeulerrat(1-1/(p-1)^2, 1, 3) \\ Amiram Eldar, Mar 12 2021

Equals Product_{k>=2} (zeta(k)*(1-1/2^k))^(-Sum_{d|k} mu(d)*2^(k/d)/k). - Benoit Cloitre, Aug 06 2003
Equals 1/A167864. - Jonathan Sondow, Nov 18 2009
Equals Sum_{k>=1} mu(2*k-1)/phi(2*k-1)^2, where mu is the Möbius function (A008683) and phi is the Euler totient function (A000010) (Bruckman, 2001). - Amiram Eldar, Jan 14 2022

More terms from Vladeta Jovovic, Nov 08 2001
Commented and edited by Daniel Forgues, Jul 28 2009, Aug 04 2009, Aug 12 2009
PARI code removed by D. S. McNeil, Dec 26 2010

A065464 Decimal expansion of Product_{p prime} (1 - (2*p-1)/p^3).

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 2, 8, 2, 4, 9, 5, 0, 5, 6, 7, 7, 0, 9, 4, 4, 4, 0, 2, 1, 8, 7, 6, 5, 7, 0, 7, 5, 8, 1, 8, 2, 3, 5, 4, 6, 1, 2, 1, 2, 9, 8, 5, 1, 3, 3, 5, 5, 9, 3, 6, 1, 4, 4, 0, 3, 1, 9, 0, 1, 3, 7, 9, 5, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 0, 5, 2, 1, 6, 1, 0, 8, 3, 0, 4, 4, 1, 0, 5, 3, 4, 8, 5, 1, 4, 5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 0, 6, 8, 5, 5, 4, 8, 0, 7, 5, 7

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 19 2001

Sum_{n <= x} A189021(n) ~ kx, where k is this constant. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 24 2018

The probability that a number chosen at random is squarefree and coprime to another randomly chosen random (see Schroeder, 2009). - Amiram Eldar, May 23 2020, corrected Aug 04 2020

			0.428249505677094440218765707581823546...

Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, vol. 94, Cambridge University Press, 2003, Section 2.5.1, p. 110.
Manfred Schroeder, Number Theory in Science and Communication, 5th edition, Springer, 2009, page 59.

R. J. Mathar, Hardy-Littlewood Constants Embedded into Infinite Products over All Positive Integers, arXiv:0903.2514 [math.NT], 2009-2011; Equation (116).
G. Niklasch, Some number theoretical constants: 1000-digit values. [Cached copy]
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Carefree Couple.

Cf. A000010, A057434, A078078, A056671.
Cf. A065463, A013661.
Cf. A065473, A065480.

$MaxExtraPrecision = 800; digits = 98; terms = 2000; LR = Join[{0, 0}, LinearRecurrence[{-2, 0, 1}, {-2, 3, -6}, terms+10]]; r[n_Integer] := LR[[n]]; (6/Pi^2)*Exp[NSum[r[n]*(PrimeZetaP[n-1]/(n-1)), {n, 3, terms}, NSumTerms -> terms, WorkingPrecision -> digits+10, Method -> "AlternatingSigns"]] // RealDigits[#, 10, digits]& // First (* Jean-François Alcover, Apr 16 2016 *)

prodeulerrat(1 - (2*p-1)/p^3) \\ Amiram Eldar, Mar 12 2021

Equals A065463 divided by A013661. - R. J. Mathar, Mar 22 2011
Equals A065473 divided by A065480. - R. J. Mathar, May 02 2019
Equals (6/Pi^2)^2 * Product_{p prime} (1 + 1/(p^3 + p^2 - p - 1)) = 1.1587609... * (6/Pi^2)^2. - Amiram Eldar, May 23 2020
Equals lim_{m->oo} (1/m) * Sum_{k==1..m} (phi(k)/k)^2, where phi is the Euler totient function (A000010). - Amiram Eldar, Mar 12 2021

More digits from Vaclav Kotesovec, Dec 18 2019

cp's OEIS Frontend

A058820 a(0) = 1, a(1) = 5; for n >= 2 a(n) is the number of degree-n monic reducible polynomials over GF(5), i.e., a(n) = 5^n - A001692(n).

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A059966 a(n) = (1/n) * Sum_{ d divides n } mu(n/d) * (2^d - 1).

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A085548 Decimal expansion of the prime zeta function at 2: Sum_{p prime} 1/p^2.

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A065463 Decimal expansion of Product_{p prime} (1 - 1/(p*(p+1))).

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A005596 Decimal expansion of Artin's constant Product_{p=prime} (1-1/(p^2-p)).

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A085541 Decimal expansion of the prime zeta function at 3.

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