A007980 -id:A007980 - cp's OEIS frontend

A005044 Alcuin's sequence: expansion of x^3/((1-x^2)(1-x^3)(1-x^4)).

0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 4, 3, 5, 4, 7, 5, 8, 7, 10, 8, 12, 10, 14, 12, 16, 14, 19, 16, 21, 19, 24, 21, 27, 24, 30, 27, 33, 30, 37, 33, 40, 37, 44, 40, 48, 44, 52, 48, 56, 52, 61, 56, 65, 61, 70, 65, 75, 70, 80, 75, 85, 80, 91, 85, 96, 91, 102, 96, 108, 102, 114, 108, 120

Offset: 0

Robert G. Wilson v

a(n) is the number of triangles with integer sides and perimeter n.
Also a(n) is the number of triangles with distinct integer sides and perimeter n+6, i.e., number of triples (a, b, c) such that 1 < a < b < c < a+b, a+b+c = n+6. - Roger Cuculière
With a different offset (i.e., without the three leading zeros, as in A266755), the number of ways in which n empty casks, n casks half-full of wine and n full casks can be distributed to 3 persons in such a way that each one gets the same number of casks and the same amount of wine [Alcuin]. E.g., for n=2 one can give 2 people one full and one empty and the 3rd gets two half-full. (Comment corrected by Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Oct 23 2006)
For m >= 2, the sequence {a(n) mod m} is periodic with period 12*m. - Martin J. Erickson (erickson(AT)truman.edu), Jun 06 2008
Number of partitions of n into parts 2, 3, and 4, with at least one part 3. - Joerg Arndt, Feb 03 2013
For several values of p and q the sequence (A005044(n+p) - A005044(n-q)) leads to known sequences, see the crossrefs. - Johannes W. Meijer, Oct 12 2013
For n>=3, number of partitions of n-3 into parts 2, 3, and 4. - David Neil McGrath, Aug 30 2014
Also, a(n) is the number of partitions mu of n of length 3 such that mu_1-mu_2 is even and mu_2-mu_3 is even (see below example). - John M. Campbell, Jan 29 2016
For n > 1, number of triangles with odd side lengths and perimeter 2*n-3. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, May 13 2019
Number of partitions of n+1 into 4 parts whose largest two parts are equal. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jan 06 2021
For n>=3, number of weak partitions of n-3 (that is, allowing parts of size 0) into three parts with no part exceeding (n-3)/2. Also, number of weak partitions of n-3 into three parts, all of the same parity as n-3. - Kevin Long, Feb 20 2021
Also, a(n) is the number of incongruent acute triangles formed from the vertices of a regular n-gon. - Frank M Jackson, Nov 04 2022

			There are 4 triangles of perimeter 11, with sides 1,5,5; 2,4,5; 3,3,5; 3,4,4. So a(11) = 4.
G.f. = x^3 + x^5 + x^6 + 2*x^7 + x^8 + 3*x^9 + 2*x^10 + 4*x^11 + 3*x^12 + ...
From _John M. Campbell_, Jan 29 2016: (Start)
Letting n = 15, there are a(n)=7 partitions mu |- 15 of length 3 such that mu_1-mu_2 is even and mu_2-mu_3 is even:
(13,1,1) |- 15
(11,3,1) |- 15
(9,5,1) |- 15
(9,3,3) |- 15
(7,7,1) |- 15
(7,5,3) |- 15
(5,5,5) |- 15
(End)

L. Comtet, Advanced Combinatorics, Reidel, 1974, p. 74, Problem 7.
I. Niven and H. S. Zuckerman, An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers. Wiley, NY, Chap.10, Section 10.2, Problems 5 and 6, pp. 451-2.
D. Olivastro: Ancient Puzzles. Classic Brainteasers and Other Timeless Mathematical Games of the Last 10 Centuries. New York: Bantam Books, 1993. See p. 158.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
A. M. Yaglom and I. M. Yaglom: Challenging Mathematical Problems with Elementary Solutions. Vol. I. Combinatorial Analysis and Probability Theory. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1987, p. 8, #30 (First published: San Francisco: Holden-Day, Inc., 1964)

Seiichi Manyama, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000 (terms 0..1000 from T. D. Noe)
Alcuin of York, Propositiones ad acuendos juvenes, [Latin with English translation] - see Problem 12.
G. E. Andrews, A note on partitions and triangles with integer sides, Amer. Math. Monthly, 86 (1979), 477-478.
G. E. Andrews, MacMahon's Partition Analysis II: Fundamental Theorems, Annals Combinatorics, 4 (2000), 327-338.
G. E. Andrews, P. Paule and A. Riese, MacMahon's Partition Analysis IX: k-gon partitions, Bull. Austral Math. Soc., 64 (2001), 321-329.
G. E. Andrews, P. Paule and A. Riese, MacMahon's partition analysis III. The Omega package, p. 19.
Donald J. Bindner and Martin Erickson, Alcuin's Sequence, Amer. Math. Monthly, 119, February 2012, pp. 115-121.
P. Bürgisser and C. Ikenmeyer, Fundamental invariants of orbit closures, arXiv preprint arXiv:1511.02927 [math.AG], 2015. See Section 5.5.
James East and Ron Niles, Integer polygons of given perimeter, Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 100 (2019), no. 1, 131-147.
James East and Ron Niles, Integer Triangles of Given Perimeter: A New Approach via Group Theory., Amer. Math. Monthly 126 (2019), no. 8, 735-739.
Wulf-Dieter Geyer, Lecture on history of medieval mathematics [broken link]
M. D. Hirschhorn, Triangles With Integer Sides
M. D. Hirschhorn, Triangles With Integer Sides, Revisited
R. Honsberger, Mathematical Gems III, Math. Assoc. Amer., 1985, p. 39. [Annotated scanned copy]
T. Jenkyns and E. Muller, Triangular triples from ceilings to floors, Amer. Math. Monthly, 107 (Aug. 2000), 634-639.
J. H. Jordan, R. Walch and R. J. Wisner, Triangles with integer sides, Amer. Math. Monthly, 86 (1979), 686-689.
Hermann Kremer, Posting to de.sci.mathematik (1), (2), and (3). [Dead links]
Hermann Kremer, Posting to alt.math.recreational, June 2004.
N. Krier and B. Manvel, Counting integer triangles, Math. Mag., 71 (1998), 291-295.
Mathforum, Triangle Perimeters
Augustine O. Munagi, Computation of q-partial fractions, INTEGERS: Electronic Journal Of Combinatorial Number Theory, 7 (2007), #A25.
Simon Plouffe, Approximations de séries génératrices et quelques conjectures, Dissertation, Université du Québec à Montréal, 1992; arXiv:0911.4975 [math.NT], 2009.
Simon Plouffe, 1031 Generating Functions, Appendix to Thesis, Montreal, 1992
S. A. Shirali, Case Studies in Experimental Mathematics, 2013.
David Singmaster, Triangles with Integer Sides and Sharing Barrels, College Math J, 21:4 (1990) 278-285.
James Tanton, Young students approach integer triangles, FOCUS 22 no. 5 (2002), 4 - 6.
James Tanton, Integer Triangles, Chapter 11 in "Mathematics Galore!" (MAA, 2012).
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Alcuin's Sequence, Integer Triangle, and Triangle.
Wikipedia, Propositiones ad acuendos juvenes.
R. G. Wilson v, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, date unknown.
Index entries for two-way infinite sequences
Index entries for Molien series
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,0,1).

See A266755 for a version without the three leading zeros.
Cf. A002620, A070083, A008795.
Both bisections give (essentially) A001399.
(See the comments.) Cf. A008615 (p=1, q=3, offset=0), A008624 (3, 3, 0), A008679 (3, -1, 0), A026922 (1, 5, 1), A028242 (5, 7, 0), A030451 (6, 6, 0), A051274 (3, 5, 0), A052938 (8, 4, 0), A059169 (0, 6, 1), A106466 (5, 4, 0), A130722 (2, 7, 0)
Cf. this sequence (k=3), A288165 (k=4), A288166 (k=5).
Number of k-gons that can be formed with perimeter n: this sequence (k=3), A062890 (k=4), A069906 (k=5), A069907 (k=6), A288253 (k=7), A288254 (k=8), A288255 (k=9), A288256 (k=10).

a005044 = p [2,3,4] . (subtract 3) where
p _ 0 = 1
p [] _ = 0
p ks'@(k:ks) m = if m < k then 0 else p ks' (m - k) + p ks m
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 28 2013

A005044 := n-> floor((1/48)*(n^2+3*n+21+(-1)^(n-1)*3*n)): seq(A005044(n), n=0..73);
A005044 := -1/(z**2+1)/(z**2+z+1)/(z+1)**2/(z-1)**3; # Simon Plouffe in his 1992 dissertation

a[n_] := Round[If[EvenQ[n], n^2, (n + 3)^2]/48] (* Peter Bertok, Jan 09 2002 *)
CoefficientList[Series[x^3/((1 - x^2)*(1 - x^3)*(1 - x^4)), {x, 0, 105}], x] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Jun 02 2004 *)
me[n_] := Module[{i, j, sum = 0}, For[i = Ceiling[(n - 3)/3], i <= Floor[(n - 3)/2], i = i + 1, For[j = Ceiling[(n - i - 3)/2], j <= i, j = j + 1, sum = sum + 1] ]; Return[sum]; ] mine = Table[me[n], {n, 1, 11}]; (* Srikanth (sriperso(AT)gmail.com), Aug 02 2008 *)
LinearRecurrence[{0,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,0,1},{0,0,0,1,0,1,1,2,1},80] (* Harvey P. Dale, Sep 22 2014 *)
Table[Length@Select[IntegerPartitions[n, {3}], Max[#]*180 < 90 n &], {n, 1, 100}] (* Frank M Jackson, Nov 04 2022 *)

PARI
```
a(n) = round(n^2 / 12) - (n\2)^2 \ 4
```
PARI
```
a(n) = (n^2 + 6*n * (n%2) + 24) \ 48
```

a(n)=if(n%2,n+3,n)^2\/48 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, May 02 2016

concat(vector(3), Vec((x^3)/((1-x^2)*(1-x^3)*(1-x^4)) + O(x^70))) \\ Felix Fröhlich, Jun 07 2017

a(n) = a(n-6) + A059169(n) = A070093(n) + A070101(n) + A024155(n).
For odd indices we have a(2*n-3) = a(2*n). For even indices, a(2*n) = nearest integer to n^2/12 = A001399(n).
For all n, a(n) = round(n^2/12) - floor(n/4)*floor((n+2)/4) = a(-3-n) = A069905(n) - A002265(n)*A002265(n+2).
For n = 0..11 (mod 12), a(n) is respectively n^2/48, (n^2 + 6*n - 7)/48, (n^2 - 4)/48, (n^2 + 6*n + 21)/48, (n^2 - 16)/48, (n^2 + 6*n - 7)/48, (n^2 + 12)/48, (n^2 + 6*n + 5)/48, (n^2 - 16)/48, (n^2 + 6*n + 9)/48, (n^2 - 4)/48, (n^2 + 6*n + 5)/48.
Euler transform of length 4 sequence [ 0, 1, 1, 1]. - Michael Somos, Sep 04 2006
a(-3 - n) = a(n). - Michael Somos, Sep 04 2006
a(n) = sum(ceiling((n-3)/3) <= i <= floor((n-3)/2), sum(ceiling((n-i-3)/2) <= j <= i, 1 ) ) for n >= 1. - Srikanth K S, Aug 02 2008
a(n) = a(n-2) + a(n-3) + a(n-4) - a(n-5) - a(n-6) - a(n-7) + a(n-9) for n >= 9. - David Neil McGrath, Aug 30 2014
a(n+3) = a(n) if n is odd; a(n+3) = a(n) + floor(n/4) + 1 if n is even. Sketch of proof: There is an obvious injective map from perimeter-n triangles to perimeter-(n+3) triangles defined by f(a,b,c) = (a+1,b+1,c+1). It is easy to show f is surjective for odd n, while for n=2k the image of f is only missing the triangles (a,k+2-a,k+1) for 1 <= a <= floor(k/2)+1. - James East, May 01 2016
a(n) = round(n^2/48) if n is even; a(n) = round((n+3)^2/48) if n is odd. - James East, May 01 2016
a(n) = (6*n^2 + 18*n - 9*(-1)^n*(2*n + 3) - 36*sin(Pi*n/2) - 36*cos(Pi*n/2) + 64*cos(2*Pi*n/3) - 1)/288. - Ilya Gutkovskiy, May 01 2016
a(n) = A325691(n-3) + A000035(n) for n>=3. The bijection between partition(n,[2,3,4]) and not-over-half partition(n,3,n/2) + partition(n,2,n/2) can be built by a Ferrers(part)[0+3,1,2] map. And the last partition(n,2,n/2) is unique [n/2,n/2] if n is even, it is given by A000035. - Yuchun Ji, Sep 24 2020
a(4n+3) = a(4n) + n+1, a(4n+4) = a(4n+1) = A000212(n+1), a(4n+5) = a(4n+2) + n+1, a(4n+6) = a(4n+3) = A007980(n). - Yuchun Ji, Oct 10 2020
a(n)-a(n-4) = A008615(n-1). - R. J. Mathar, Jun 23 2021
a(n)-a(n-2) = A008679(n-3). - R. J. Mathar, Jun 23 2021

Additional comments from Reinhard Zumkeller, May 11 2002
Yaglom reference and mod formulas from Antreas P. Hatzipolakis (xpolakis(AT)otenet.gr), May 27 2000
The reference to Alcuin of York (735-804) was provided by Hermann Kremer (hermann.kremer(AT)onlinehome.de), Jun 18 2004

A000212 a(n) = floor(n^2/3).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 3, 5, 8, 12, 16, 21, 27, 33, 40, 48, 56, 65, 75, 85, 96, 108, 120, 133, 147, 161, 176, 192, 208, 225, 243, 261, 280, 300, 320, 341, 363, 385, 408, 432, 456, 481, 507, 533, 560, 588, 616, 645, 675, 705, 736, 768, 800, 833, 867, 901, 936

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

Let M_n be the n X n matrix of the following form: [3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 / 2 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 / 1 2 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 / 0 1 2 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 / 0 0 1 2 3 2 1 0 0 0 / 0 0 0 1 2 3 2 1 0 0 / 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 2 1 0 / 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 2 1 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 2 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3]. Then for n > 2 a(n) = det M_(n-2). - Benoit Cloitre, Jun 20 2002
Largest possible size for the directed Cayley graph on two generators having diameter n - 2. - Ralf Stephan, Apr 27 2003
It seems that for n >= 2, a(n) is the maximum number of non-overlapping 1 X 3 rectangles that can be packed into an n X n square. Rectangles can only be placed parallel to the sides of the square. Verified with Lobato's tool, see links. - Dmitry Kamenetsky, Aug 03 2009
Maximum number of edges in a K4-free graph with n vertices. - Yi Yang, May 23 2012
3a(n) + 1 = y^2 if n is not 0 mod 3 and 3a(n) = y^2 otherwise. - Jon Perry, Sep 10 2012
Apart from the initial term this is the elliptic troublemaker sequence R_n(1, 3) (also sequence R_n(2, 3)) in the notation of Stange (see Table 1, p. 16). For other elliptic troublemaker sequences R_n(a, b) see the cross references below. - Peter Bala, Aug 08 2013
The number of partitions of 2n into exactly 3 parts. - Colin Barker, Mar 22 2015
a(n-1) is the maximum number of non-overlapping triples (i,k), (i+1, k+1), (i+2, k+2) in an n X n matrix. Details: The triples are distributed along the main diagonal and 2*(n-1) other diagonals. Their maximum number is floor(n/3) + 2*Sum_{k = 1..n-1} floor(k/3) = floor((n-1)^2/3). - Gerhard Kirchner, Feb 04 2017
Conjecture:  a(n) is the number of intersection points of n cevians that cut a triangle into the maximum number of pieces (see A007980). - Anton Zakharov, May 07 2017
From Gus Wiseman, Oct 05 2020: (Start)
Also the number of unimodal triples (meaning the middle part is not strictly less than both of the other two) of positive integers summing to n + 1. The a(2) = 1 through a(6) = 12 triples are:
  (1,1,1)  (1,1,2)  (1,1,3)  (1,1,4)  (1,1,5)
           (1,2,1)  (1,2,2)  (1,2,3)  (1,2,4)
           (2,1,1)  (1,3,1)  (1,3,2)  (1,3,3)
                    (2,2,1)  (1,4,1)  (1,4,2)
                    (3,1,1)  (2,2,2)  (1,5,1)
                             (2,3,1)  (2,2,3)
                             (3,2,1)  (2,3,2)
                             (4,1,1)  (2,4,1)
                                      (3,2,2)
                                      (3,3,1)
                                      (4,2,1)
                                      (5,1,1)
(End)

			G.f. = x^2 + 3*x^3 + 5*x^4 + 8*x^5 + 12*x^6 + 16*x^7 + 21*x^8 + 27*x^9 + 33*x^10 + ...
From _Gus Wiseman_, Oct 07 2020: (Start)
The a(2) = 1 through a(6) = 12 partitions of 2*n into exactly 3 parts (Barker) are the following. The Heinz numbers of these partitions are given by the intersection of A014612 (triples) and A300061 (even sum).
  (2,1,1)  (2,2,2)  (3,3,2)  (4,3,3)  (4,4,4)
           (3,2,1)  (4,2,2)  (4,4,2)  (5,4,3)
           (4,1,1)  (4,3,1)  (5,3,2)  (5,5,2)
                    (5,2,1)  (5,4,1)  (6,3,3)
                    (6,1,1)  (6,2,2)  (6,4,2)
                             (6,3,1)  (6,5,1)
                             (7,2,1)  (7,3,2)
                             (8,1,1)  (7,4,1)
                                      (8,2,2)
                                      (8,3,1)
                                      (9,2,1)
                                      (10,1,1)
(End)

N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..5000
Kevin Beanland, Hung Viet Chu, and Carrie E. Finch-Smith, Generalized Schreier sets, linear recurrence relation, Turán graphs, arXiv:2112.14905 [math.CO], 2021.
Rafael Durbano Lobato, Recursive partitioning approach for the Manufacturer's Pallet Loading Problem.
Bakir Farhi, On the Representation of the Natural Numbers as the Sum of Three Terms of the Sequence floor(n^2/a), Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 16 (2013), Article 13.6.4.
Bakir Farhi, An Elementary Proof that any Natural Number can be Written as the Sum of Three Terms of the Sequence floor(n^2/3), Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 17 (2014), Article 14.7.6.
Simon Plouffe, Approximations de séries génératrices et quelques conjectures, Dissertation, Université du Québec à Montréal, 1992; arXiv:0911.4975 [math.NT], 2009.
Simon Plouffe, 1031 Generating Functions, Appendix to Thesis, Montreal, 1992.
Katherine E. Stange, Integral points on elliptic curves and explicit valuations of division polynomials arXiv:1108.3051v3 [math.NT], 2011-2014.
C. K. Wong and Don Coppersmith, A combinatorial problem related to multimodule memory organizations, J. ACM 21 (1974), 392-402.
Anton Zakharov, Cevians.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (2,-1,1,-2,1).

Cf. A000290, A007590 (= R_n(2,4)), A002620 (= R_n(1,2)), A118015, A056827, A118013.
Cf. A033436 (= R_n(1,4) = R_n(3,4)), A033437 (= R_n(1,5) = R_n(4,5)), A033438 (= R_n(1,6) = R_n(5,6)), A033439 (= R_n(1,7) = R_n(6,7)), A033440, A033441, A033442, A033443, A033444.
Cf. A001353 and A004523 (first differences). A184535 (= R_n(2,5) = R_n(3,5)).
Cf. A238738. - Bruno Berselli, Apr 17 2015
Cf. A007980
Cf. A005408.
A000217(n-2) counts 3-part compositions.
A014612 ranks 3-part partitions, with strict case A007304.
A069905 counts the 3-part partitions.
A211540 counts strict 3-part partitions.
A337453 ranks strict 3-part compositions.
Cf. A056834, A130519, A056838, A056865.
A001399(n-6)*4 is the strict version.
A001523 counts unimodal compositions, with strict case A072706.
A001840(n-4) is the non-unimodal version.
A001399(n-6)*2 is the strict non-unimodal version.
A007052 counts unimodal patterns.
A115981 counts non-unimodal compositions, ranked by A335373.
A011782 counts unimodal permutations.
A335373 is the complement of a ranking sequence for unimodal compositions.
A337459 ranks these compositions, with complement A337460.
Cf. A069905, A220377, A332743, A337461, A337561, A337603, A337604.

[Floor(n^2 / 3): n in [0..50]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, May 08 2011

A000212:=(-1+z-2*z**2+z**3-2*z**4+z**5)/(z**2+z+1)/(z-1)**3; # Conjectured by Simon Plouffe in his 1992 dissertation. Gives sequence with an additional leading 1.
A000212 := proc(n) option remember; `if`(n<4, [0,0,1,3][n+1], a(n-1)+a(n-3) -a(n-4)+2) end; # Peter Luschny, Nov 20 2011

Table[Quotient[n^2, 3], {n, 0, 59}] (* Michael Somos, Jan 22 2014 *)

{a(n) = n^2 \ 3}; /* Michael Somos, Sep 25 2006 */

def A000212(n): return n**2//3 # Chai Wah Wu, Jun 07 2022

G.f.: x^2*(1+x)/((1-x)^2*(1-x^3)). - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Apr 01 2002
Euler transform of length 3 sequence [ 3, -1, 1]. - Michael Somos, Sep 25 2006
G.f.: x^2 * (1 - x^2) / ((1 - x)^3 * (1 - x^3)). a(-n) = a(n). - Michael Somos, Sep 25 2006
a(n) = Sum_{k = 0..n} A011655(k)*(n-k). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 30 2009
a(n) = a(n-1) + a(n-3) - a(n-4) + 2 for n >= 4. - Alexander Burstein, Nov 20 2011
a(n) = a(n-3) + A005408(n-2) for n >= 3. - Alexander Burstein, Feb 15 2013
a(n) = (n-1)^2 - a(n-1) - a(n-2) for n >= 2. - Richard R. Forberg, Jun 05 2013
Sum_{n >= 2} 1/a(n) = (27 + 6*sqrt(3)*Pi + 2*Pi^2)/36. - Enrique Pérez Herrero, Jun 29 2013
0 = a(n)*(a(n+2) + a(n+3)) + a(n+1)*(-2*a(n+2) - a(n+3) + a(n+4)) + a(n+2)*(a(n+2) - 2*a(n+3) + a(n+4)) for all n in Z. - Michael Somos, Jan 22 2014
a(n) = Sum_{k = 1..n} k^2*A049347(n+2-k). - Mircea Merca, Feb 04 2014
a(n) = Sum_{i = 1..n+1} (ceiling(i/3) + floor(i/3) - 1). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 06 2014
a(n) = Sum_{j = 1..n} Sum_{i=1..n} ceiling((i+j-n-1)/3). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Mar 12 2015
a(n) = Sum_{i = 1..n} floor(2*i/3). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, May 22 2017
a(-n) = a(n). - Paul Curtz, Jan 19 2020
a(n) = A001399(2*n - 3). - Gus Wiseman, Oct 07 2020
a(n) = (1/6)*(2*n^2 - 3 + gcd(n,3)). - Ridouane Oudra, Apr 15 2021
E.g.f.: (exp(x)*(-2 + 3*x*(1 + x)) + 2*exp(-x/2)*cos(sqrt(3)*x/2))/9. - Stefano Spezia, Oct 24 2022
Sum_{n>=2} (-1)^n/a(n) = Pi/sqrt(3) - Pi^2/36 - 3/4. - Amiram Eldar, Dec 02 2022

Edited by Charles R Greathouse IV, Apr 19 2010

A344297 Heinz numbers of integer partitions of even numbers with no part greater than 3.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 4, 9, 10, 12, 16, 25, 27, 30, 36, 40, 48, 64, 75, 81, 90, 100, 108, 120, 144, 160, 192, 225, 243, 250, 256, 270, 300, 324, 360, 400, 432, 480, 576, 625, 640, 675, 729, 750, 768, 810, 900, 972, 1000, 1024, 1080, 1200, 1296, 1440, 1600, 1728, 1875, 1920

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, May 16 2021

nonn

The Heinz number of a partition (y_1,...,y_k) is prime(y_1)*...*prime(y_k), giving a bijective correspondence between positive integers and integer partitions.

			The sequence of terms together with their prime indices begins:
       1: {}                 81: {2,2,2,2}
       3: {2}                90: {1,2,2,3}
       4: {1,1}             100: {1,1,3,3}
       9: {2,2}             108: {1,1,2,2,2}
      10: {1,3}             120: {1,1,1,2,3}
      12: {1,1,2}           144: {1,1,1,1,2,2}
      16: {1,1,1,1}         160: {1,1,1,1,1,3}
      25: {3,3}             192: {1,1,1,1,1,1,2}
      27: {2,2,2}           225: {2,2,3,3}
      30: {1,2,3}           243: {2,2,2,2,2}
      36: {1,1,2,2}         250: {1,3,3,3}
      40: {1,1,1,3}         256: {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}
      48: {1,1,1,1,2}       270: {1,2,2,2,3}
      64: {1,1,1,1,1,1}     300: {1,1,2,3,3}
      75: {2,3,3}           324: {1,1,2,2,2,2}

These partitions are counted by A007980.
Including partitions of odd numbers gives A051037 (complement: A279622).
Allowing parts > 3 gives A300061.
A001358 lists semiprimes.
A035363 counts partitions whose length is half their sum, ranked by A340387.
A056239 adds up prime indices, row sums of A112798.
Cf. A001399, A002620, A030229, A080193, A244990, A261144, A266755, A344291, A344293, A344294.

Select[Range[1000],EvenQ[Total[Cases[FactorInteger[#],{p_,k_}:>k*PrimePi[p]]]]&&Max@@First/@FactorInteger[#]<=Prime[3]&]

Intersection of A051037 and A300061.

A096777 a(n) = a(n-1) + Sum_{k=1..n-1}(a(k) mod 2), a(1) = 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15, 20, 25, 31, 38, 45, 53, 62, 71, 81, 92, 103, 115, 128, 141, 155, 170, 185, 201, 218, 235, 253, 272, 291, 311, 332, 353, 375, 398, 421, 445, 470, 495, 521, 548, 575, 603, 632, 661, 691, 722, 753, 785, 818, 851, 885, 920, 955, 991, 1028

Offset: 1

Reinhard Zumkeller, Jul 09 2004

a(n) = a(n-1) + (number of odd terms so far in the sequence). Example: 15 is 11 + 4 odd terms so far in the sequence (they are 1,3,5,11). See A007980 for the same construction with even integers. - Eric Angelini, Aug 05 2007

A016789 and A032766 give positions where even and odd terms occur; a(3*n)=A056106(n); a(3*n-1)=A077588(n); a(3*n-2)=A056108(n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 29 2007

			G.f. = x + 2*x^2 + 3*x^3 + 5*x^4 + 8*x^5 + 11*x^6 + 15*x^7 + 20*x^8 + ... - _Michael Somos_, Apr 18 2020

Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
J.-L. Baril, T. Mansour, A. Petrossian, Equivalence classes of permutations modulo excedances, 2014.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Odd Number
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (2,-1,1,-2,1).

Cf. A004396, A007980, A016789, A032766, A056106, A056108, A061347, A077588, A097602, A131093.

a096777 n = a096777_list !! (n-1)
a096777_list = 1 : zipWith (+) a096777_list
                               (scanl1 (+) (map (`mod` 2) a096777_list))
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Mar 11 2014

[Floor((n-2)^2/3)+n: n in [1..60]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Dec 27 2015

A096777:=n->n + floor((n-2)^2/3); seq(A096777(n), n=1..100); # Wesley Ivan Hurt, Mar 06 2014

Table[n + Floor[(n-2)^2/3], {n, 100}] (* Wesley Ivan Hurt, Mar 06 2014 *)

a(n)=(n-2)^2\3+n \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Mar 06 2014

a(n+1) - a(n) = A004396(n).
a(n) = floor(n/3) * (3*floor(n/3) + 2*(n mod 3) - 1) + n mod 3 + 0^(n mod 3). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 29 2007
a(n) = floor((n-2)^2/3) + n. - Christopher Hunt Gribble, Mar 06 2014
G.f.: -x*(x^4+1) / ((x-1)^3*(x^2+x+1)). - Colin Barker, Mar 07 2014
Euler transform of finite sequence [2, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, -1]. - Michael Somos, Apr 18 2020
a(n) = (10 + 3*n*(n - 1) - A061347(n+1))/9. - Stefano Spezia, Sep 22 2022

A234251 Triangle T(n, k) = Number of ways to choose k points from an n X n X n triangular grid so that no three of them form a 2 X 2 X 2 subtriangle. Triangle T read by rows.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 1, 6, 15, 16, 6, 1, 10, 45, 111, 156, 120, 42, 2, 1, 15, 105, 439, 1191, 2154, 2583, 1977, 885, 189, 9, 1, 21, 210, 1305, 5565, 17052, 38337, 63576, 77208, 67285, 40512, 15750, 3480, 333, 9, 1, 28, 378, 3240, 19620, 88590, 307362, 833228, 1779219

Offset: 1

Heinrich Ludwig, Feb 06 2014

n starts from 1. The maximal number of points that can be chosen from a grid of side n, so that no three of them are forming a subtriangle of side 2, is A007980(n - 1). So k ranges from 0 to A007980(n - 1).
Column #2 (k = 1) is A000217.
Column #3 (k = 2) is A050534.
Column #4 (k = 3) is A234250.

			Triangle begins
  1,  1;
  1,  3,   3;
  1,  6,  15,  16,    6;
  1, 10,  45, 111,  156,  120,   42,    2;
  1, 15, 105, 439, 1191, 2154, 2583, 1977, 885, 189, 9;
  ...
There are no more than T(4, 7) = 2 ways to choose 7 points (X) from a 4 X 4 X 4 grid so that no 3 of them form a 2 X 2 X 2 subtriangle:
        X              X
       X .            . X
      . X X          X X .
     X X . X        X . X X

Heinrich Ludwig, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..133

Cf. A000217, A050534, A234250.

A192736 Right edge of the triangle in A033291.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 12, 28, 50, 84, 133, 192, 270, 370, 484, 624, 793, 980, 1200, 1456, 1734, 2052, 2413, 2800, 3234, 3718, 4232, 4800, 5425, 6084, 6804, 7588, 8410, 9300, 10261, 11264, 12342, 13498, 14700, 15984, 17353, 18772, 20280, 21880, 23534, 25284, 27133, 29040

Offset: 1

Reinhard Zumkeller, Jul 08 2011

nonn

a(n) = A007980(n-1) * n.

Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (2,-1,2,-4,2,-1,2,-1).

Cf. A192735.

Haskell
```
See A033291.
```

G.f.: x*(2*x^5+2*x^4+6*x^3+5*x^2+2*x+1) / ((x-1)^4*(x^2+x+1)^2). - Colin Barker, Mar 31 2013

A234247 Triangle T(n,k) read by rows: Number of non-equivalent ways (mod D_3) to choose k points from an nXnXn triangular grid so that no three of them form a 2X2X2 subtriangle.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 4, 2, 3, 10, 22, 31, 22, 10, 1, 4, 22, 82, 212, 374, 450, 342, 156, 36, 2, 5, 41, 231, 955, 2880, 6459, 10660, 12948, 11274, 6802, 2645, 595, 57, 2, 7, 72, 566, 3335, 14883, 51470, 139224, 297048, 500147, 661796, 681101, 536322, 314753, 132490

Offset: 1

Heinrich Ludwig, Feb 11 2014

n starts from 1. The maximal number of points that can be chosen from a grid of side n, so that no three of them are forming a subtriangle of side 2, is A007980(n - 1). So k ranges from 1 to A007980(n - 1).
Column #1 (k = 1) is A001399.
Column #2 (k = 2) is A227327.
Without the restriction "non-equivalent (mod D_3)" numbers are given by A234251.

			Triangle begins
1;
1,  1;
2,  4,   4,   2;
3, 10,  22,  31,   22,   10,     1;
4, 22,  82, 212,  374,  450,   342,   156,    36,    2;
5, 41, 231, 955, 2880, 6459, 10660, 12948, 11274, 6802, 2645, 595, 57, 2;
...
There are exactly T(5, 10) = 2 non-equivalent ways to choose 10 points (X) from a triangular grid of side 5 avoiding that any three of them form a subtriangle of side 2.
       .                X
      X X              . X
     X . X            X . X
    . X X .          . X X .
   X X . X X        X X . X X

Heinrich Ludwig, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..123

Cf. A234251, A007980, A001399, A227327.

A109340 Expansion of x^2(1+x+4x^2)/((1+x+x^2)*(1-x)^3).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 3, 9, 16, 24, 36, 49, 63, 81, 100, 120, 144, 169, 195, 225, 256, 288, 324, 361, 399, 441, 484, 528, 576, 625, 675, 729, 784, 840, 900, 961, 1023, 1089, 1156, 1224, 1296, 1369, 1443, 1521, 1600, 1680, 1764, 1849, 1935, 2025, 2116, 2208, 2304, 2401

Offset: 0

Creighton Dement, Aug 20 2005

From Gerhard Kirchner, Jan 20 2017: (Start)
According to the game "Mecanix":
In a triangular arrangement of wheel axles (n rows with 1, 2, ..., n axles), a connected set of unblocked gear wheels is installed such that the number of wheel quadruples forming half-hexagons is maximal.
a(n-1) is the maximum number.
Example:
Gear wheels (*) and free axles (·):
              ·
             * *
    *       * · *
   · *     · * * ·
  * * ·   * * · * *
   n=3       n=5
n=3: 1 half-hexagon, a(2)=1.
n=5: 3 half-hexagons and 1 full hexagon containing 6 half-hexagons -> a(4)=3+6*1=9.
See "Connected gear wheels" link.
Annotation: In such a configuration also the number of wheels is maximal. It is A007980(n). For n < 3, however, there is no half-hexagon. (End)
Floretion Algebra Multiplication Program, FAMP Code: 4tessumrokseq[A*B] with A = + .5'i + .5'j + .5'k + .5e and B = + .5i' + .5j' + .5k' + .5e; roktype: Y[15] = Y[15] + p; sumtype: Y[8] = (int)Y[6] - (int)Y[7] + Y[8] + sum (internal program code)

Gerhard Kirchner, Connected gear wheels
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (2,-1,1,-2,1).

Cf. A105770, A047240, A056107.

CoefficientList[Series[x^2(1+x+4x^2)/((1+x+x^2)(1-x)^3),{x,0,50}],x] (* or *) LinearRecurrence[{2,-1,1,-2,1},{0,0,1,3,9},60] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jun 24 2013 *)

a(n+1) - a(n) = A047240(n);
a(n) + a(n+1) + a(n+2) = A056107(n);
a(n+2) - a(n+1) + a(n) = A105770(n).
a(n) = 2*a(n-1) - a(n-2) + a(n-3) - 2*a(n-4) + a(n-5); a(0)=0, a(1)=0, a(2)=1, a(3)=3, a(4)=9. - Harvey P. Dale, Jun 24 2013
a(n) = (n-1)^2 - ((n+1) mod 3) mod 2, n >= 1. - Gerhard Kirchner, Jan 20 2017
E.g.f.: (exp(x)*(2 + 3*(x - 1)*x) - 2*exp(-x/2)*cos(sqrt(3)*x/2))/3. - Stefano Spezia, Dec 23 2022

cp's OEIS Frontend

A005044 Alcuin's sequence: expansion of x^3/((1-x^2)*(1-x^3)*(1-x^4)).

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A000212 a(n) = floor(n^2/3).

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A344297 Heinz numbers of integer partitions of even numbers with no part greater than 3.

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A096777 a(n) = a(n-1) + Sum_{k=1..n-1}(a(k) mod 2), a(1) = 1.

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A234251 Triangle T(n, k) = Number of ways to choose k points from an n X n X n triangular grid so that no three of them form a 2 X 2 X 2 subtriangle. Triangle T read by rows.

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A192736 Right edge of the triangle in A033291.

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A005044 Alcuin's sequence: expansion of x^3/((1-x^2)(1-x^3)(1-x^4)).

A109340 Expansion of x^2(1+x+4x^2)/((1+x+x^2)*(1-x)^3).