A005728 -id:A005728 - cp's OEIS frontend

A005165 Alternating factorials: n! - (n-1)! + (n-2)! - ... 1!.

0, 1, 1, 5, 19, 101, 619, 4421, 35899, 326981, 3301819, 36614981, 442386619, 5784634181, 81393657019, 1226280710981, 19696509177019, 335990918918981, 6066382786809019, 115578717622022981, 2317323290554617019, 48773618881154822981

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

Conjecture: for n > 2, smallest prime divisor of a(n) > n. - Gerald McGarvey, Jun 19 2004
Rebuttal: This is not true; see Zivkovic link (Math. Comp. 68 (1999), pp. 403-409) has demonstrated that 3612703 divides a(n) for all n >= 3612702. - Paul Jobling, Oct 18 2004
Conjecture: For n>1, a(n) is the number of lattice paths from (0,0) to (n+1,0) that do not cross above y=x or below the x-axis using up-steps +(1,a) and down-steps +(1,-b) where a and b are positive integers. For example, a(3) = 5: [(1,1)(1,1)(1,1)(1,-3)], [(1,1)(1,-1)(1,3)(1,-3)], [(1,1)(1,-1)(1,2)(1,-2)], [(1,1)(1,-1)(1,1)(1,-1)] and [(1,1)(1,1)(1,-1)(1,-1)]. - Nicholas Ham, Aug 23 2015
Ham's claim is true for n=2. We proceed with a proof for n>2 by induction. On the j-th step, from (j-1,y) to (j,y'), there are j options for y': 0, 1, ..., y-1, y+1, ..., j. Thus there are n! possible paths from (0,0) to x=n that stay between y=0 and y=x. (Then the final step is determined.) However, because +(1,0) is not an allowable step, we cannot land on (n,0) on the n-th step. Therefore, the number of acceptable lattice paths is n! - a(n-1). - Danny Rorabaugh, Nov 30 2015

Richard K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, 3rd Edition, Springer, 2004, Section B10, pp. 152-153.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..100
Richard K. Guy, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 25 1986.
Richard K. Guy, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, 1987
Richard K. Guy, The strong law of small numbers. Amer. Math. Monthly 95 (1988), no. 8, 697-712.
Richard K. Guy, The strong law of small numbers. Amer. Math. Monthly 95 (1988), no. 8, 697-712. [Annotated scanned copy]
Hisanori Mishima, Factorizations of many number sequences: 103 and 130.
Alexsandar Petojevic, The Function vM_m(s; a; z) and Some Well-Known Sequences, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 5 (2002), Article 02.1.7.
Eric Wegrzynowski, Séries de factorielles.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Alternating Factorial and Factorial.
Miodrag Živković, The number of primes Sum_{i=1..n} (-1)^(n-i)*i! is finite, Math. Comp. 68 (1999), pp. 403-409.
Index entries for sequences related to factorial numbers.

Cf. A000142, A001272, A003422, A071828, A303697, A343187, A359808.

List([0..30],n->Sum([1..n],i->(-1)^(n-i)*Factorial(i))); # Muniru A Asiru, Jun 01 2018

a005165 n = a005165_list !! n
a005165_list = 0 : zipWith (-) (tail a000142_list) a005165_list
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jul 21 2013

A005165 := proc(n) local i; add((-1)^(n-i)*i!,i=1..n); end;

nn=25;With[{fctrls=Range[nn]!},Table[Abs[Total[Times@@@Partition[ Riffle[ Take[ fctrls,n],{1,-1}],2]]],{n,nn}]] (* Harvey P. Dale, Dec 10 2011 *)
a[0] = 0; a[n_] := n! - a[n - 1]; Array[a, 26, 0] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Aug 06 2012 *)
RecurrenceTable[{a[n] == n! - a[n - 1], a[0] == 0}, a, {n, 0, 20}] (* Eric W. Weisstein, Jul 27 2017 *)
AlternatingFactorial[Range[0, 20]] (* Eric W. Weisstein, Jul 27 2017 *)
a[n_] = (-1)^n (Exp[1]((-1)^n Gamma[-1-n,1] Gamma[2+n] - ExpIntegralEi[-1]) - 1)
Table[a[n] // FullSimplify, {n, 0, 20}] (* Gerry Martens, May 22 2018 *)

a(n)=if(n<0,0,sum(k=0,n-1,(-1)^k*(n-k)!))

first(m)=vector(m,j,sum(i=0,j-1,((-1)^i)*(j-i)!)) \\ Anders Hellström, Aug 23 2015

a(n)=round((-1)^n*(exp(1)*(gamma(n+2)*incgam(-1-n,1)*(-1)^n +eint1(1))-1)) \\ Gerry Martens, May 22 2018

a = 0
f = 1
for n in range(1, 33):
    print(a, end=",")
    f *= n
    a = f - a
# Alex Ratushnyak, Aug 05 2012

a(0) = 0, a(n) = n! - a(n-1) for n > 0; also a(n) = n*a(n-2) + (n-1)*a(n-1) for n > 1. Sum_{n>=1} Pi^n/a(n) ~ 30.00005. - Gerald McGarvey, Jun 19 2004
E.g.f.: 1/(1-x) + exp(-x)*(e*(Ei(1,1)-Ei(1,1-x)) - 1). - Robert Israel, Dec 01 2015
a(n) = (-1)^n*(exp(1)*(gamma(n+2)*gamma(-1-n,1)*(-1)^n +Ei(1))-1). - Gerry Martens, May 22 2018
Sum_{n>=1} 1/a(n) = A343187. - Amiram Eldar, Jun 01 2023

A006843 Triangle read by rows: row n gives denominators of Farey series of order n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3, 2, 3, 1, 1, 4, 3, 2, 3, 4, 1, 1, 5, 4, 3, 5, 2, 5, 3, 4, 5, 1, 1, 6, 5, 4, 3, 5, 2, 5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 1, 7, 6, 5, 4, 7, 3, 5, 7, 2, 7, 5, 3, 7, 4, 5, 6, 7, 1, 1, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 7, 3, 8, 5, 7, 2, 7, 5, 8, 3, 7, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 1, 1, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 9, 4, 7, 3, 8, 5, 7, 9, 2, 9, 7, 5, 8, 3, 7, 4, 9, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

			0/1, 1/1;
0/1, 1/2, 1/1;
0/1, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3, 1/1;
0/1, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 1/1;
0/1, 1/5, 1/4, 1/3, 2/5, 1/2, 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 1/1;
... = A006842/A006843.

J. H. Conway and R. K. Guy, The Book of Numbers, Copernicus Press, NY, 1996, p. 152.
Martin Gardner, The Last Recreations, Chapter 12: Strong Laws of Small Primes, Springer-Verlag, 1997, pp. 191-205, especially p. 199.
G. H. Hardy and E. M. Wright, An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers. 3rd ed., Oxford Univ. Press, 1954, p. 23.
W. J. LeVeque, Topics in Number Theory. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 2 vols., 1956, Vol. 1, p. 154.
A. O. Matveev, Farey Sequences, De Gruyter, 2017.
I. Niven and H. S. Zuckerman, An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers. 2nd ed., Wiley, NY, 1966, p. 141.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10563
R. K. Guy, The strong law of small numbers, Amer. Math. Monthly 95 (1988), no. 8, 697-712. [Annotated scanned copy]
Andrey O. Matveev, Neighboring Fractions in Farey Subsequences, arXiv:0801.1981 [math.NT], 2008-2010.
Andrey O. Matveev, Farey Sequences: Errata + Haskell code
N. J. A. Sloane, Stern-Brocot or Farey Tree
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Farey Sequence.
Index entries for sequences related to Stern's sequences

Row n has A005728(n) terms. - Michel Marcus, Jun 27 2014
Row sums give A240877.
Cf. A006842 (numerators), A049455, A049456, A007305, A007306.
See also A177405/A177407.

Farey := proc(n) sort(convert(`union`({0},{seq(seq(m/k,m=1..k),k=1..n)}),list)) end: seq(denom(Farey(i)),i=1..5); # Peter Luschny, Apr 28 2009

Farey[n_] := Union[ Flatten[ Join[{0}, Table[a/b, {b, n}, {a, b}]]]]; Flatten[ Table[ Denominator[ Farey[n]], {n, 9}]] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Apr 08 2004 *)
Table[Denominator[FareySequence[n]],{n,10}]//Flatten (* Requires Mathematica version 10 or later *) (* Harvey P. Dale, Oct 04 2016 *)

row(n) = {vf = [0]; for (k=1, n, for (m=1, k, vf = concat(vf, m/k););); vf = vecsort(Set(vf)); for (i=1, #vf, print1(denominator(vf[i]), ", "));} \\ Michel Marcus, Jun 27 2014

More terms from Robert G. Wilson v, Apr 08 2004

Changed offset (=order of first row) to 1 by R. J. Mathar, Apr 26 2009

A005235 Fortunate numbers: least m > 1 such that m + prime(n)# is prime, where p# denotes the product of all primes <= p.

Original entry on oeis.org

3, 5, 7, 13, 23, 17, 19, 23, 37, 61, 67, 61, 71, 47, 107, 59, 61, 109, 89, 103, 79, 151, 197, 101, 103, 233, 223, 127, 223, 191, 163, 229, 643, 239, 157, 167, 439, 239, 199, 191, 199, 383, 233, 751, 313, 773, 607, 313, 383, 293, 443, 331, 283, 277, 271, 401, 307, 331

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

Reo F. Fortune conjectured that a(n) is always prime.
You might be searching for Fortunate Primes, which is an alternative name for this sequence. It is not the official name yet, because it is possible, although unlikely, that not all the terms are primes. - N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 30 2020
The first 500 terms are primes. - Robert G. Wilson v. The first 2000 terms are primes. - Joerg Arndt, Apr 15 2013
The strong form of Cramér's conjecture implies that a(n) is a prime for n > 1618, as previously noted by Golomb. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 05 2011
a(n) is the smallest m such that m > 1 and A002110(n) + m is prime. For every n, a(n) must be greater than prime(n+1) - 1. - Farideh Firoozbakht, Aug 20 2003
If a(n) < prime(n+1)^2 then a(n) is prime. According to Cramér's conjecture a(n) = O(prime(n)^2). - Thomas Ordowski, Apr 09 2013
Conjectures from Pierre CAMI, Sep 08 2017: (Start)
If all terms are prime, then lim_{N->oo} (Sum_{n=1..N} primepi(a(n))) / (Sum_{n=1..N} n) = 3/2, and primepi(a(n))/n < 6 for all n.
Limit_{N->oo} (Sum_{n=1..N} a(n)) / (Sum_{n=1..N} prime(n)) = Pi/2.
a(n)/prime(n) < 8 for all n. (End)
Conjecture: Limit_{N->oo} (Sum_{n=1..N} a(n)) / (Sum_{n=1..N} prime(n)) = 3/2. - Alain Rocchelli, Dec 24 2022
The name "Fortunate numbers" was coined by Golomb (1981) after the New Zealand social anthropologist Reo Franklin Fortune (1903 - 1979). According to Golomb, Fortune's conjecture first appeared in print in Martin Gardner's Mathematical Games column in 1980. - Amiram Eldar, Aug 25 2020

			a(4) = 13 because P_4# = 2*3*5*7 = 210, plus one is 211, the next prime is 223 and the difference between 210 and 223 is 13.

Martin Gardner, The Last Recreations, Chapter 12: Strong Laws of Small Primes, Springer-Verlag, 1997, pp. 191-205, especially pp. 194-195.
Richard K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, 3rd ed., Springer, 1994, Section A2, p. 11.
Stephen P. Richards, A Number For Your Thoughts, 1982, p. 200.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
James J. Tattersall, Elementary Number Theory in Nine Chapters, Cambridge University Press, 1999, pages 114-115.
David Wells, Prime Numbers: The Most Mysterious Figures In Math, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons (2005), pp. 108-109.

Pierre CAMI, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..3000 (first 2000 terms from T. D. Noe)
Ray Abrahams and Huon Wardle, Fortune's 'Last Theorem', Cambridge Anthropology, Vol. 23, No. 1 (2002), pp. 60-62.
Cyril Banderier, Conjecture checked for n < 1000 [It has been reported that the data given here contains several errors]
C. K. Caldwell, Fortunate number, The Prime Glossary.
Antonín Čejchan, Michal Křížek, and Lawrence Somer, On Remarkable Properties of Primes Near Factorials and Primorials, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 25 (2022), Article 22.1.4.
Martin Gardner, Patterns in primes are a clue to the strong law of sma11 numbers, Mathematical Games, Scientific American, Vol. 243, No. 6 (December, 1980), pp. 18-28.
Solomon W. Golomb, The evidence for Fortune's conjecture, Mathematics Magazine, Vol. 54, No. 4 (1981), pp. 209-210.
Richard K. Guy, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, 1987
Richard K. Guy, The strong law of small numbers. Amer. Math. Monthly 95 (1988), no. 8, 697-712.
Richard K. Guy, The strong law of small numbers. Amer. Math. Monthly 95 (1988), no. 8, 697-712. [Annotated scanned copy]
Bill McEachen, McEachen Conjecture
Romeo Meštrović, Euclid's theorem on the infinitude of primes: a historical survey of its proofs (300 BC--2012) and another new proof, arXiv preprint arXiv:1202.3670 [math.HO], 2012.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Fortunate Prime
Robert G. Wilson v, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane with attachment, Jan 1992

Cf. A046066, A002110, A006862, A035345, A035346, A055211, A129912, A010051, A005408, A038771, A038711.

a005235 n = head [m | m <- [3, 5 ..], a010051'' (a002110 n + m) == 1]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 02 2014

Primorial:= 2:
p:= 2:
A[1]:= 3:
for n from 2 to 100 do
  p:= nextprime(p);
  Primorial:= Primorial * p;
  A[n]:= nextprime(Primorial+p+1)-Primorial;
od:
seq(A[n],n=1..100); # Robert Israel, Dec 02 2015

NPrime[n_Integer] := Module[{k}, k = n + 1; While[! PrimeQ[k], k++]; k]; Fortunate[n_Integer] := Module[{p, q}, p = Product[Prime[i], {i, 1, n}] + 1; q = NPrime[p]; q - p + 1]; Table[Fortunate[n], {n, 60}]
r[n_] := (For[m = (Prime[n + 1] + 1)/2, ! PrimeQ[Product[Prime[k], {k, n}] + 2 m - 1], m++]; 2 m - 1); Table[r[n], {n, 60}]
FN[n_] := Times @@ Prime[Range[n]]; Table[NextPrime[FN[k] + 1] - FN[k], {k, 60}] (* Jayanta Basu, Apr 24 2013 *)
NextPrime[#]-#+1&/@(Rest[FoldList[Times,1,Prime[Range[60]]]]+1) (* Harvey P. Dale, Dec 15 2013 *)

a(n)=my(P=prod(k=1,n,prime(k)));nextprime(P+2)-P \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 15 2011; corrected by Jean-Marc Rebert, Jul 28 2015

from sympy import nextprime, primorial
def a(n): psharp = primorial(n); return nextprime(psharp+1) - psharp
print([a(n) for n in range(1, 59)]) # Michael S. Branicky, Jan 15 2022

def P(n): return prod(nth_prime(k) for k in range(1, n + 1))
it = (P(n) for n in range(1, 31))
print([next_prime(Pn + 2) - Pn for Pn in it]) # F. Chapoton, Apr 28 2020

If x(n) = 1 + Product_{i=1..n} prime(i), q(n) = least prime > x(n), then a(n) = q(n) - x(n) + 1.
a(n) = 1 + the difference between the n-th primorial plus one and the next prime.
a(n) = A035345(n) - A002110(n). - Jonathan Sondow, Dec 02 2015

A006842 Triangle read by rows: row n gives numerators of Farey series of order n.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 3, 4, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 4, 3, 2, 5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 3, 1, 4, 3, 5, 2, 5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 3, 4, 1, 5, 4, 3, 5, 2, 5, 3, 7, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 1

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

			0/1, 1/1;
0/1, 1/2, 1/1;
0/1, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3, 1/1;
0/1, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 1/1;
0/1, 1/5, 1/4, 1/3, 2/5, 1/2, 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 1/1;
... = A006842/A006843

A. H. Beiler, Recreations in the Theory of Numbers, Dover, NY, 1964
J. H. Conway and R. K. Guy, The Book of Numbers, Copernicus Press, NY, 1996, p. 152.
L. E. Dickson, History of the Theory of Numbers. Carnegie Institute Public. 256, Washington, DC, Vol. 1, 1919; Vol. 2, 1920; Vol. 3, 1923. See Vol. 1.
Guthery, Scott B. A motif of mathematics. Docent Press, 2011.
G. H. Hardy and E. M. Wright, An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers. 3rd ed., Oxford Univ. Press, 1954, p. 23.
W. J. LeVeque, Topics in Number Theory. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 2 vols., 1956, Vol. 1, p. 154.
A. O. Matveev, Farey Sequences, De Gruyter, 2017.
I. Niven and H. S. Zuckerman, An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers. 2nd ed., Wiley, NY, 1966, p. 141.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10563
Maxim Bruckheimer and Abraham Arcavi, Farey series and Pick’s area theorem, The Mathematical Intelligencer, 17.4 (1995): 64-67.
Cristian Cobeli and Alexandru Zaharescu, The Haros-Farey sequence at two hundred years, Acta Univ. Apulensis Math. Inform 5 (2003): 1-38.
Andrey O. Matveev, Neighboring Fractions in Farey Subsequences, arXiv:0801.1981 [math.NT], 2008-2010.
Andrey O. Matveev, Farey Sequences: Errata + Haskell code
N. J. A. Sloane, Stern-Brocot or Farey Tree
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Farey Sequence.
Index entries for sequences related to Stern's sequences

Row n has A005728(n) terms. - Michel Marcus, Jun 27 2014

Cf. A006843 (denominators), A049455, A049456, A007305, A007306. Also A177405/A177407.

Farey := proc(n) sort(convert(`union`({0},{seq(seq(m/k,m=1..k),k=1..n)}),list)) end: seq(numer(Farey(i)),i=1..5); # Peter Luschny, Apr 28 2009

Farey[n_] := Union[ Flatten[ Join[{0}, Table[a/b, {b, n}, {a, b}]]]]; Flatten[ Table[ Numerator[ Farey[n]], {n, 0, 9}]] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Apr 08 2004 *)
Table[FareySequence[n] // Numerator, {n, 1, 9}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Sep 25 2018 *)

row(n) = {vf = [0]; for (k=1, n, for (m=1, k, vf = concat(vf, m/k););); vf = vecsort(Set(vf)); for (i=1, #vf, print1(numerator(vf[i]), ", "));} \\ Michel Marcus, Jun 27 2014

More terms from Robert G. Wilson v, Apr 08 2004

A002407 Cuban primes: primes which are the difference of two consecutive cubes.

Original entry on oeis.org

7, 19, 37, 61, 127, 271, 331, 397, 547, 631, 919, 1657, 1801, 1951, 2269, 2437, 2791, 3169, 3571, 4219, 4447, 5167, 5419, 6211, 7057, 7351, 8269, 9241, 10267, 11719, 12097, 13267, 13669, 16651, 19441, 19927, 22447, 23497, 24571, 25117, 26227, 27361, 33391

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

Primes of the form p = (x^3 - y^3)/(x - y) where x=y+1. See A007645 for generalization. I first saw the name "cuban prime" in Cunningham (1923). Values of x are in A002504 and y are in A111251. - N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 29 2013
Prime hex numbers (cf. A003215).
Equivalently, primes of the form p=1+3k(k+1) (and then k=floor(sqrt(p/3))). Also: primes p such that n^2(p+n) is a cube for some n>0. - M. F. Hasler, Nov 28 2007
Primes p such that 4p = 1+3s^2 for some integer s (A121259). - Michael Somos, Sep 15 2005
This sequence is believed to be infinite. - N. J. A. Sloane, May 07 2020

			a(1) = 7 = 1+3k(k+1) (with k=1) is the smallest prime of this form.
a(10^5) = 1792617147127 since this is the 100000th prime of this form.

Allan Joseph Champneys Cunningham, On quasi-Mersennian numbers, Mess. Math., 41 (1912), 119-146.
Allan Joseph Champneys Cunningham, Binomial Factorisations, Vols. 1-9, Hodgson, London, 1923-1929; see Vol. 1, pp. 245-259.
J.-M. De Koninck & A. Mercier, 1001 Problèmes en Théorie Classique des Nombres, Problem 241 pp. 39; 179, Ellipses Paris 2004.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

David A. Corneth, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000 (first 1000 terms from T. D. Noe)
A. J. C. Cunningham, On quasi-Mersennian numbers, Mess. Math., 41 (1912), 119-146. [Annotated scan of page 144 only]
A. J. C. Cunningham, Binomial Factorisations, Vols. 1-9, Hodgson, London, 1923-1929. [Annotated scans of a few pages from Volumes 1 and 2]
R. K. Guy, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, 1987.
G. L. Honaker, Jr., Prime curio for 127.
Michael Penn, Nearly cubic primes., YouTube video, 2023.
Project Euler, Problem 131: Prime cube partnership.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Cuban Prime
Wikipedia, Cuban prime.

Cf. A000217, A002504, A003215, A111251, A113478, A145203.

Cf. A002648 (with x=y+2), A003627, A007645, A201477, A334520.

[a: n in [0..100] | IsPrime(a) where a is (3*n^2+3*n+1)]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Jan 20 2020

lst={}; Do[If[PrimeQ[p=(n+1)^3-n^3], AppendTo[lst, p]], {n, 10^2}]; lst (* Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, Aug 21 2008 *)
Select[Table[3x^2+3x+1,{x,100}],PrimeQ] (* or *) Select[Last[#]- First[#]&/@ Partition[Range[100]^3,2,1],PrimeQ] (* Harvey P. Dale, Mar 10 2012 *)
Select[Differences[Range[100]^3],PrimeQ] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jan 19 2020 *)

{a(n)= local(m, c); if(n<1, 0, c=0; m=1; while( cMichael Somos, Sep 15 2005 */

A002407(n,k=1)=until(isprime(3*k*k+++1) && !n--,);3*k*k--+1
list_A2407(Nmax)=for(k=1,sqrt(Nmax/3),isprime(t=3*k*(k+1)+1) && print1(t",")) \\ M. F. Hasler, Nov 28 2007

from sympy import isprime
def aupto(limit):
    alst, k, d = [], 1, 7
    while d <= limit:
        if isprime(d): alst.append(d)
        k += 1; d = 1+3*k*(k+1)
    return alst
print(aupto(34000)) # Michael S. Branicky, Jul 19 2021

a(n) = 6*A000217(A111251(n)) + 1. - Christopher Hohl, Jul 01 2019
From Rémi Guillaume, Nov 07 2023: (Start)
a(n) = A003215(A111251(n)).
a(n) = (3*(2*A002504(n) - 1)^2 + 1)/4.
a(n) = (3*A121259(n)^2 + 1)/4.
a(n) = prime(A145203(n)). (End)

More terms from James Sellers, Aug 08 2000

Entry revised by N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 29 2013

A358882 The number of regions in a Farey diagram of order (n,n).

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 56, 504, 2024, 8064, 18200, 50736, 99248, 202688, 343256, 657904, 983008, 1708672, 2485968, 3755184, 5289944, 8069736, 10539792, 15387320, 19913840

Offset: 1

Scott R. Shannon and N. J. A. Sloane, Dec 05 2022

See A358298 and also the linked references for further details.

The first diagram where not all edge points are connected is n = 3. For example a line connecting points (0,1/3) and (1/3,0) has equation 3*y - 6*x - 1 = 0, and as one of the x or y coefficients is greater than n (3 in this case) the line is not included.

Alain Daurat, M. Tajine, M. Zouaoui, About the frequencies of some patterns in digital planes. Application to area estimators. Computers & Graphics. 33.1 (2009), 11-20.
Daniel Khoshnoudirad, Farey lines defining Farey diagrams and application to some discrete structures. Applicable Analysis and Discrete Mathematics. 9 (2015), 73-84.
Scott R. Shannon, Image for n = 1.
Scott R. Shannon, Image for n = 2.
Scott R. Shannon, Image for n = 3.
Scott R. Shannon, Image for n = 4.
Scott R. Shannon, Image for n = 5.
Scott R. Shannon, Image for n = 6.
Scott R. Shannon, Image for n = 7.
Scott R. Shannon, Image for n = 8.
Wikipedia, Farey sequence.

Cf. A358883 (vertices), A358884 (edges), A358885 (k-gons), A006842, A006843, A005728, A358886.
See A358298 for definition of Farey diagram Farey(m,n).
The Farey Diagrams Farey(m,n) are studied in A358298-A358307 and A358882-A358885, the Completed Farey Diagrams of order (m,n) in A358886-A358889.

a(n) = A358884(n) - A358883(n) + 1 by Euler's formula.

A358885 Table read by rows: T(n,k) = the number of regions with k sides, k >= 3, in a Farey diagram of order (n,n).

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 48, 8, 400, 104, 1568, 456, 6216, 1848, 13944, 4256, 38760, 11976, 75768, 23480, 154440, 48248, 261072, 82184, 500464, 157440, 747480, 235528, 1298584, 410088, 1890184, 595784, 2853416, 901768, 4015552, 1274392, 6127632, 1942104, 8002552, 2537240, 11683880, 3703440, 15123800, 4790040

Offset: 1

Scott R. Shannon and N. J. A. Sloane, Dec 05 2022

See the linked references for further details.
The first diagram where not all edge points are connected is n = 3. For example a line connecting points (0,1/3) and (1/3,0) has equation 3*y - 6*x - 1 = 0, and as one of the x or y coefficients is greater than n (3 in this case) the line is not included.
It would be nice to have a proof (or disproof) that the number of sides is always 3 or 4.

			The table begins:
4;
48, 8;
400, 104;
1568, 456;
6216, 1848;
13944, 4256;
38760, 11976;
75768, 23480;
154440, 48248;
261072, 82184;
500464, 157440;
747480, 235528;
1298584, 410088;
1890184, 595784;
2853416, 901768;
4015552, 1274392;
6127632, 1942104;
8002552, 2537240;
11683880, 3703440;
15123800, 4790040;
.
.

Alain Daurat et al., About the frequencies of some patterns in digital planes. Application to area estimators. Computers & graphics. 33.1 (2009), 11-20.
Daniel Khoshnoudirad, Farey lines defining Farey diagrams and application to some discrete structures. Applicable Analysis and Discrete Mathematics. 9 (2015), 73-84.
Scott R. Shannon, Image for n = 5.
Wikipedia, Farey sequence.

Cf.  A358882 (regions), A358883 (vertices), A358884 (edges), A006842, A006843, A005728, A358889.
See A358298 for definition of Farey diagram Farey(m,n).
The Farey Diagrams Farey(m,n) are studied in A358298-A358307 and A358882-A358885, the Completed Farey Diagrams of order (m,n) in A358886-A358889.

Sum of row n = A358882(n).

A358298 Array read by antidiagonals: T(n,k) (n>=0, k>=0) = number of lines defining the Farey diagram Farey(n,k) of order (n,k).

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 3, 3, 4, 6, 4, 6, 11, 11, 6, 8, 19, 20, 19, 8, 12, 29, 36, 36, 29, 12, 14, 43, 52, 60, 52, 43, 14, 20, 57, 78, 88, 88, 78, 57, 20, 24, 77, 100, 128, 124, 128, 100, 77, 24, 30, 97, 136, 162, 180, 180, 162, 136, 97, 30, 34, 121, 166, 216, 224, 252, 224, 216, 166, 121, 34

Offset: 0

Scott R. Shannon and N. J. A. Sloane, Dec 06 2022

We work with lines with equation ux + vy + w = 0 in the (x,y) plane.
This line has slope -u/v, and crosses the vertical y axis at the intercept point y = -w/v
For the Farey diagram Farey(m,n), u is an integer between -(m-1) and +(m-1), v is between -(n-1) and +(n-1) and w can be any integer.
The only lines that are used are those that hit the unit square 0 <= x <= 1, 0 <= y <= 1 in at least two points.
This means that we only need to look at w's with |w| <=  |u| + |v|.
T(m,n) is the number of such lines.
For illustrations of Farey(3,3) and Farey(3,4) see Khoshnoudirad (2015), Fig. 2, and Darat et al. (2009), Fig. 2. For further illustrations see A358882-A358885.

			The full array T(n,k), n >= 0, k>= 0, begins:
  2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 20, 24, 30, 34, 44, 48, 60,  ...
  3, 6, 11, 19, 29, 43, 57, 77, 97, 121, 145, 177, 205,  ...
  4, 11, 20, 36, 52, 78, 100, 136, 166, 210, 246, 302,  ...
  6, 19, 36, 60, 88, 128, 162, 216, 266, 326, 386, 468, ...
  8, 29, 52, 88, 124, 180, 224, 298, 360, 444, 518, 628, ...
  12, 43, 78, 128, 180, 252, 316, 412, 498, 608, 706,  ...
  14, 57, 100, 162, 224, 316, 388, 508, 608, 738, 852, ...
  ...

Alain Daurat, M. Tajine, and M. Zouaoui, About the frequencies of some patterns in digital planes. Application to area estimators. Computers & Graphics. 33.1 (2009), 11-20.
Daniel Khoshnoudirad, Farey lines defining Farey diagrams and application to some discrete structures, Applicable Analysis and Discrete Mathematics, 9 (2015), 73-84; doi:10.2298/AADM150219008K. See Theorem 1, |DF(m,n)|.

Cf. A358299.
Row 0 is essentially A225531, row 1 is A358300, main diagonal is A358301.
The Farey Diagrams Farey(m,n) are studied in A358298-A358307 and A358882-A358885, the Completed Farey Diagrams of order (m,n) in A358886-A358889.

A005728 := proc(n) 1+add(numtheory[phi](i), i=1..n) ; end proc: # called F_n in the paper
Amn:=proc(m,n) local a,i,j;  # A331781 or equally A333295. Diagonal is A018805.
a:=0; for i from 1 to m do for j from 1 to n do
if igcd(i,j)=1 then a:=a+1; fi; od: od: a; end;
# The present sequence is:
Dmn:=proc(m,n) local d,t1,u,v,a; global A005728, Amn;
a:=A005728(m)+A005728(n);
t1:=0; for u from 1 to m do for v from 1 to n do
d:=igcd(u,v); if d>=1 then t1:=t1 + (u+v)*numtheory[phi](d)/d; fi; od: od:
a+2*t1-2*Amn(m,n); end;
for m from 1 to 8 do lprint([seq(Dmn(m,n),n=1..20)]); od:

A005728[n_] := 1 + Sum[EulerPhi[i], {i, 1, n}];
Amn[m_, n_] := Module[{a, i, j}, a = 0; For[i = 1, i <= m, i++, For[j = 1, j <= n, j++, If[GCD[i, j] == 1, a = a + 1]]]; a];
Dmn[m_, n_] := Module[{d, t1, u, v, a}, a = A005728[m] + A005728[n]; t1 = 0; For[u = 1, u <= m, u++, For[v = 1, v <= n, v++, d = GCD[u, v]; If[d >= 1 , t1 = t1 + (u + v)* EulerPhi[d]/d]]]; a + 2*t1 - 2*Amn[m, n]];
Table[Dmn[m - n, n], {m, 0, 10}, {n, 0, m}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Apr 03 2023, after Maple code *)

A176499 Haros-Farey sequence whose argument is the Fibonacci number; Farey(m) where m = Fibonacci(n + 1).

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 3, 5, 11, 23, 59, 141, 361, 941, 2457, 6331, 16619, 43359, 113159, 296385, 775897, 2030103, 5315385, 13912615, 36421835, 95355147, 249635525, 653525857, 1710966825, 4479358275, 11726974249, 30701593527, 80377757397, 210431301141, 550916379293

Offset: 1

Sameen Ahmed Khan, Apr 21 2010

nonn

This sequence arises in the analytically obtained strict upper bound of the set of equivalent resistances formed by any conceivable network (series/parallel or bridge, or non-planar) of n equal resistors. Consequently it provides a strict upper bound of the sequences: A048211, A153588, A174283, A174284, A174285 and A174286. A176501 provides a better strict upper bound but is harder to compute. [Corrected by Antoine Mathys, May 07 2019]
Farey(n) = A005728(n). [Franklin T. Adams-Watters, May 12 2010]
The claim that this sequence is a strict upper bound for the number of representable resistance values of any conceivable network is wrong. It only applies to purely serial-parallel networks (A048211), but it already fails when bridges are allowed, as described in A174283. Even more so if arbitrary nonplanar networks are allowed as in A337517. See the linked illustrations of the respective quotients. - Hugo Pfoertner, Jan 24 2021

			n = 5, m = Fibonacci(5 + 1) = 8, Farey(8) = 23.

Antoine Mathys, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..50
Antoni Amengual, The intriguing properties of the equivalent resistances of n equal resistors combined in series and in parallel, American Journal of Physics, 68(2), 175-179 (February 2000). Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1119/1.19396.
Sameen Ahmed Khan, The bounds of the set of equivalent resistances of n equal resistors combined in series and in parallel, arXiv:1004.3346v1 [physics.gen-ph], (20 April 2010).
Sameen Ahmed KHAN, Mathematica notebook 1
Sameen Ahmed KHAN, Mathematica notebook 2
Hugo Pfoertner, Ratio for series-parallel networks, Plot2 of A048211(n)/a(n).
Hugo Pfoertner, Ratio for networks with bridges, Plot2 of A174283(n)/a(n).
Hugo Pfoertner, Ratio for arbitrary networks, Plot2 of A337517(n)/a(n).

Cf. A000045, A005728.

Cf. A048211, A153588, A174283, A174284, A174285, A174286, A176500, A176501, A176502, A337517.

List([1..30],n->Sum([1..Fibonacci(n+1)],i->Phi(i)))+1; # Muniru A Asiru, Jul 31 2018

[1+&+[EulerPhi(i):i in [1..Fibonacci(n+1)]]:n in [1..30]]; // Marius A. Burtea, Jul 26 2019

with(numtheory): with(combinat,fibonacci): a:=n->1+add(phi(i),i=1..n): seq(a(fibonacci(n+1)),n=1..30); # Muniru A Asiru, Jul 31 2018

b[n_] := 1 + Sum[EulerPhi[i], {i, 1, n}];
a[n_] := b[Fibonacci[n + 1]];
Array[a, 30] (* Jean-François Alcover, Sep 20 2018 *)

farey(n) = 1+sum(k=1, n, eulerphi(k));
a(n) = farey(fibonacci(n+1)); \\ Michel Marcus, Jul 31 2018

a(n) = A005728(A000045(n+1)). - Michel Marcus, Jul 31 2018

a(26)-a(29) from Sameen Ahmed Khan, May 02 2010

a(30) from Antoine Mathys, Aug 06 2018

A176500 a(n) = 2*Farey(Fibonacci(n + 1)) - 3.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 7, 19, 43, 115, 279, 719, 1879, 4911, 12659, 33235, 86715, 226315, 592767, 1551791, 4060203, 10630767, 27825227, 72843667, 190710291, 499271047, 1307051711, 3421933647, 8958716547, 23453948495, 61403187051, 160755514791, 420862602279, 1101832758583

Offset: 1

Sameen Ahmed Khan, Apr 21 2010

nonn

This sequence provides a strict upper bound of the set of equivalent resistances formed by any conceivable network (series/parallel or bridge, or non-planar) of n equal resistors. Consequently it provides an strict upper bound of the sequences: A048211, A153588, A174283, A174284, A174285 and A174286. A176502 provides a better strict upper bound but is harder to compute. [Corrected by Antoine Mathys, Jul 12 2019]
Farey(n) = A005728(n). - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, May 12 2010
The claim that this sequence is a strict upper bound for the number of representable resistance values of any conceivable network is incorrect for networks with more than 11 resistors, in which non-planar configurations can also occur. Whether the sequence provides at least a valid upper bound for planar networks with generalized bridge circuits (A337516) is difficult to decide on the basis of the insufficient number of terms in A174283 and A337516. See the linked illustrations of the respective quotients. - Hugo Pfoertner, Jan 24 2021

			n = 5, m = Fibonacci(5 + 1) = 8, Farey(8) = 23, 2Farey(m) - 3 = 43.

Antoine Mathys, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..50
Antoni Amengual, The intriguing properties of the equivalent resistances of n equal resistors combined in series and in parallel, American Journal of Physics, 68(2), 175-179 (February 2000).
Sameen Ahmed Khan, The bounds of the set of equivalent resistances of n equal resistors combined in series and in parallel, arXiv:1004.3346v1 [physics.gen-ph], (Apr 20 2010).
Sameen Ahmed KHAN, Mathematica notebook 1
Sameen Ahmed KHAN, Mathematica notebook 2
Hugo Pfoertner, Ratio for series-parallel networks, Plot2 of A048211(n)/a(n).
Hugo Pfoertner, Ratio for planar networks with generalized bridges, Plot2 of A337516(n)/a(n).
Hugo Pfoertner, Ratio for arbitrary networks, Plot2 of A337517(n)/a(n).

Cf. A048211, A153588, A174283, A174284, A174285, A174286, A176499, A176501, A176502.

[2*(&+[EulerPhi(k):k in [1..Fibonacci(n+1)]])-1:n in [1..30]]; // Marius A. Burtea, Jul 26 2019

a[n_] := 2 Sum[EulerPhi[k], {k, 1, Fibonacci[n+1]}] - 1;
Table[an = a[n]; Print[an]; an, {n, 1, 30}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Nov 03 2018, from PARI *)

a(n) = 2*sum(k=1,fibonacci(n+1),eulerphi(k))-1 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Oct 07 2016

a(n) = 2 * A176499(n) - 3.

a(26)-a(28) from Sameen Ahmed Khan, May 02 2010

a(29)-a(30) from Antoine Mathys, Aug 06 2018

cp's OEIS Frontend

A005165 Alternating factorials: n! - (n-1)! + (n-2)! - ... 1!.

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A006843 Triangle read by rows: row n gives denominators of Farey series of order n.

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A005235 Fortunate numbers: least m > 1 such that m + prime(n)# is prime, where p# denotes the product of all primes <= p.

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A006842 Triangle read by rows: row n gives numerators of Farey series of order n.

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A002407 Cuban primes: primes which are the difference of two consecutive cubes.

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A358882 The number of regions in a Farey diagram of order (n,n).