A011558 -id:A011558 - cp's OEIS frontend

A011655 Period 3: repeat [0, 1, 1].

0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

A binary m-sequence: expansion of reciprocal of x^2+x+1 (mod 2).
A Chebyshev transform of the Jacobsthal numbers A001045: if A(x) is the g.f. of a sequence, map it to ((1-x^2)/(1+x^2))*A(x/(1+x^2)). - Paul Barry, Feb 16 2004
This is the r = 1 member of the r-family of sequences S_r(n) defined in A092184 where more information can be found.
This is the Fibonacci sequence (A000045) modulo 2. - Stephen Jordan (sjordan(AT)mit.edu), Sep 10 2007
For n > 0: a(n) = A084937(n-1) mod 2. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 16 2007
This is also the Lucas numbers (A000032) mod 2. In general, this is the parity of any Lucas sequence associated with any pair (P,Q) when P and Q are odd; i.e., a(n) = U_n(P,Q) mod 2 = V_n(P,Q) mod 2. See Ribenboim. - Rick L. Shepherd, Feb 07 2009
Starting with offset 1: (1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, ...) = INVERTi transform of the tribonacci sequence A001590 starting (1, 2, 3, 6, 11, 20, 37, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, May 04 2009
From Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 30 2009: (Start)
Characteristic function of numbers coprime to 3.
a(n) = 1 - A079978(n); a(A001651(n)) = 1; a(A008585(n)) = 0;
A000212(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} a(k)*(n-k). (End)
Sum_{k>0} a(k)/k/2^k = log(7)/3. - Jaume Oliver Lafont, Jun 01 2010
The sequence is the principal Dirichlet character of the reduced residue system mod 3 (the other is A102283). Associated Dirichlet L-functions are L(2,chi) = Sum_{n>=1} a(n)/n^2 = 4*Pi^2/27 = A214549, and L(3,chi) = Sum_{n>=1} a(n)/n^3 = 1.157536... = -(psi''(1/3) + psi''(2/3))/54 where psi'' is the tetragamma function. [Jolley eq 309 and arXiv:1008.2547, L(m = 3, r = 1, s)]. - R. J. Mathar, Jul 15 2010
a(n+1), n >= 0, is the sequence of the row sums of the Riordan triangle A158454. - Wolfdieter Lang, Dec 18 2010
Removing the first two elements and keeping the offset at 0, this is a periodic sequence (1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, ...). Its INVERTi transform is (1, -1, 2, -2, 2, -2, ...) with period (2,-2). - Gary W. Adamson, Jan 21 2011
Column k = 1 of triangle in A198295. - Philippe Deléham, Jan 31 2012
The set of natural numbers, A000027: (1, 2, 3, ...); is the INVERT transform of the signed periodic sequence (1, 1, 0, -1, -1, 0, 1, 1, 0, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Apr 28 2013
Any integer sequence s(n) = |s(n-1) - s(n-2)| (equivalently, max(s(n-1), s(n-2)) - min(s(n-1), s(n-2))) for n > i + 1 with s(i) = j and s(i+1) = k, where j and k are not both 0, is or eventually becomes a multiple of this sequence, namely, the sequence repeat gcd(j, k), gcd(j, k), 0 (at some offset). In particular, if j and k are coprime, then s(n) is or eventually becomes this sequence (see, e.g., A110044). - Rick L. Shepherd, Jan 21 2014
For n >= 1, a(n) is also the characteristic function for rational g-adic integers (+n/3)A001651).%20See%20the%20definition%20in%20the%20Mahler%20reference,%20p.%207%20and%20also%20p.%2010.%20-%20_Wolfdieter%20Lang">g and also (-n/3)_g for all integers g >= 2 without a factor 3 (A001651). See the definition in the Mahler reference, p. 7 and also p. 10. - _Wolfdieter Lang, Jul 11 2014
Characteristic function for A007908(n+1) being divisible by 3. a(n) = bit flipped A007908(n+1) (mod 3) = bit flipped A079978(n). - Wolfdieter Lang, Jun 12 2017
Also Jacobi or Kronecker symbol (n/9) (or (n/9^e) for all e >= 1). - Jianing Song, Jul 09 2018
The binomial trans. is 0, 1, 3, 6, 11, 21, 42, 85, 171, 342,.. (see A024495). - R. J. Mathar, Feb 25 2023

			G.f. = x + x^2 + x^4 + x^5 + x^7 + x^8 + x^10 + x^11 + x^13 + x^14 + x^16 + x^17 + ...

S. W. Golomb, Shift-Register Sequences, Holden-Day, San Francisco, 1967.
H. D. Lueke, Korrelationssignale, Springer 1992, pp. 43-48.
F. J. MacWilliams and N. J. A. Sloane, The Theory of Error-Correcting Codes, Elsevier/North Holland, 1978, p. 408.
K. Mahler, p-adic numbers and their functions, 2nd ed., Cambridge University press, 1981.
Paulo Ribenboim, The Little Book of Big Primes. Springer-Verlag, NY, 1991, p. 46. [Rick L. Shepherd, Feb 07 2009]

Andrei Asinowski, Cyril Banderier and Valerie Roitner, Generating functions for lattice paths with several forbidden patterns, (2019).
Marcia Edson, Scott Lewis and Omer Yayenie, The k-periodic Fibonacci sequence and an extended Binet's formula, INTEGERS 11 (2011) #A32.
Alex Fink, Richard K. Guy, and Mark Krusemeyer, Partitions with parts occurring at most thrice, Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 3, No 2 (2008), pp. 76-114. See Section 13.
L. B. W. Jolley, Summation of Series, Dover, (1961).
Index entries for two-way infinite sequences
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0,0,1).
Index entries for characteristic functions.
Index entries for sequences related to Chebyshev polynomials..

Partial sums of A057078 give A011655(n+1).
Cf. A035191 (Mobius transform), A001590, A002487, A049347.
Cf. A000035, A011558, A097325, A109720, A145568, A166486, A168181, A168182, A168184, A168185. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 30 2009
Cf. A000027, A000045, A004523 (partial sums), A057078 (first differences).
Cf. A007908, A079978 (bit flipped).
Cf. A011656 - A011751 for other binary m-sequences.
Cf. A002264.

a011655 = fromEnum . ((/= 0) . (`mod` 3))
a011655_list = cycle [0,1,1]  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 07 2012

[(n^2 mod 3) : n in [0..100]]; // Wesley Ivan Hurt, Apr 16 2015

A011655:=n->(n^2 mod 3): seq(A011655(n), n=0..100); # Wesley Ivan Hurt, Apr 16 2015

A011655[n_] := If[Mod[n, 3] == 0, 0, 1];  Array[A011655, 105, 0] (* Robert G. Wilson v *)
Mod[Fibonacci[Range[0, 99]], 2] (* Alonso del Arte, Jul 20 2017 *)

PARI
```
{a(n) = sign(n%3)};
```

a(n)=!!(n%3) \\ Jaume Oliver Lafont, Mar 24 2009

a(n)=n%3>0 \\ M. F. Hasler, Feb 17 2018

def A011655(n): return int(bool(n%3)) # Chai Wah Wu, May 25 2022

G.f.: (x + x^2) / (1 - x^3) = Sum_{k>0} (x^k - x^(3*k)).
G.f.: x / (1 - x / (1 + x / (1 + x / (1 - 2*x / (1 + x))))). - Michael Somos, Apr 02 2012
a(n) = a(n+3) = a(-n), a(3*n) = 0, a(3*n + 1) = a(3*n + 2) = 1 for all n in Z.
a(n) = (1/2)*( (-1)^(floor((2n + 4)/3)) + 1 ). - Mario Catalani (mario.catalani(AT)unito.it), Oct 22 2003
a(n) = Fibonacci(n) mod 2. - Paul Barry, Nov 12 2003
a(n) = (2/3)*(1 - cos(2*Pi*n/3)). - Ralf Stephan, Jan 06 2004
a(n) = 1 - a(n-1)*a(n-2), a(n) = n for n < 2. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 28 2004
a(n) = 2*(1 - T(n, -1/2))/3 with Chebyshev's polynomials T(n, x) of the first kind; see A053120. - Wolfdieter Lang, Oct 18 2004
a(n) = n*Sum_{k=0..floor(n/2)} (-1)^k*binomial(n-k, k)*A001045(n-2k)/(n-k). - Paul Barry, Oct 31 2004
a(n) = A002487(n) mod 2. - Paul Barry, Jan 14 2005
From Bruce Corrigan (scentman(AT)myfamily.com), Aug 08 2005: (Start)
a(n) = n^2 mod 3.
a(n) = (1/3)*(2 - (r^n + r^(2*n))) where r = (-1 + sqrt(-3))/2. (End)
From Michael Somos, Sep 23 2005: (Start)
Euler transform of length 3 sequence [ 1, -1, 1].
Moebius transform is length 3 sequence [ 1, 0, -1].
Multiplicative with a(3^e) = 0^e, a(p^e) = 1 otherwise. (End)
From Hieronymus Fischer, Jun 27 2007: (Start)
a(n) = (4/3)*(|sin(Pi*(n-2)/3)| + |sin(Pi*(n-1)/3)|)*|sin(Pi*n/3)|.
a(n) = ((n+1) mod 3 + 1) mod 2 = (1 - (-1)^(n - 3*floor((n+1)/3)))/2. (End)
a(n) = 2 - a(n-1) - a(n-2) for n > 1. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 13 2008
a(2*n+1) = a(n+1) XOR a(n), a(2*n) = a(n), a(1) = 1, a(0) = 0. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 27 2008
Sum_{n>=1} a(n)/n^s = (1-1/3^s)*Riemann_zeta(s), s > 1. - R. J. Mathar, Jul 31 2010
a(n) = floor((4*n-5)/3) mod 2. - Gary Detlefs, May 15 2011
a(n) = (a(n-1) - a(n-2))^2 with a(0) = 0, a(1) = 1. - Francesco Daddi, Aug 02 2011
Convolution of A040000 with A049347. - R. J. Mathar, Jul 21 2012
G.f.: Sum_{k>0} x^A001651(k). - L. Edson Jeffery, Dec 05 2012
G.f.: x/(G(0) - x^2) where G(k) = 1 - x/(x + 1/(1 - x/G(k+1))); (recursively defined continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Feb 15 2013
For the general case: The characteristic function of numbers that are not multiples of m is a(n) = floor((n-1)/m) - floor(n/m) + 1, with m,n > 0. - Boris Putievskiy, May 08 2013
a(n) = sign(n mod 3). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 22 2013
a(n) = A000035(A000032(n)) = A000035(A000045(n)). - Omar E. Pol, Oct 28 2013
a(n) = (-n mod 3)^((n-1) mod 3). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Apr 16 2015
a(n) = (2/3) * (1 - sin((Pi/6) * (4*n + 3))) for n >= 0. - Werner Schulte, Jul 20 2017
a(n) = a(n-1) XOR a(n-2) with a(0) = 0, a(1) = 1. - Chunqing Liu, Dec 18 2022
a(n) = floor((n+2)/3) - floor(n/3) = A002264(n+2) - A002264(n). - Aaron J Grech, Jul 30 2024
E.g.f.: 2*(exp(x) - exp(-x/2)*cos(sqrt(3)*x/2))/3. - Stefano Spezia, Mar 30 2025
Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s)*(1-1/3^s). - R. J. Mathar, Aug 10 2025

Better name from Omar E. Pol, Oct 28 2013

A008587 Multiples of 5: a(n) = 5 * n.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, 140, 145, 150, 155, 160, 165, 170, 175, 180, 185, 190, 195, 200, 205, 210, 215, 220, 225, 230, 235, 240, 245, 250, 255, 260, 265, 270, 275

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

1/31 = 0.0322580645... = (1/2)^5 + (1/2)^10 + (1/2)^15 + ... - Gary W. Adamson, Mar 14 2009
Complement of A047201; A079998(a(n))=1; A011558(a(n))=0. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 30 2009
The y-intercept of a line perpendicular to y=mx,where m is the slope a/b and in this case a=2 and b=1, is a^2 + b^2 or 5, the first value of the list given. The remaining value are multiples of the first number of the list. - Larry J Zimmermann, Aug 21 2010

Alfred S. Posamentier, Math Charmers, Tantalizing Tidbits for the Mind, Prometheus Books, NY, 2003, page 85.

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
Tanya Khovanova, Recursive Sequences
INRIA Algorithms Project, Encyclopedia of Combinatorial Structures 317
Luis Manuel Rivera, Integer sequences and k-commuting permutations, arXiv preprint arXiv:1406.3081 [math.CO], 2014-2015.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (2,-1).

Cf. index to numbers of the form n*(d*n+10-d)/2 in A140090.

Cf. A008706, A011558, A020714, A030308, A047201, A079998.

[5*n: n in [0..60]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Jun 10 2013

Range[0, 500, 5] (* Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, May 26 2011 *)
NestList[#+5&,0,60] (* Harvey P. Dale, Dec 18 2023 *)

makelist(5*n,n,0,20); /* Martin Ettl, Dec 17 2012 */

a(n)=5*n \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Mar 22 2016

From R. J. Mathar, May 26 2008: (Start)
O.g.f.: 5x/(1-x)^2.
a(n) = A008706(n), n > 0. (End)
a(n) = Sum_{k>=0} A030308(n,k)*A020714(k). - Philippe Deléham, Oct 17 2011
E.g.f.: 5*x*exp(x). - Stefano Spezia, Aug 19 2024

A100047 A Chebyshev transform of the Fibonacci numbers.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, 1, 1

Offset: 0

Paul Barry, Oct 31 2004

Multiplicative with a(p^e) = (-1)^(e+1) if p = 2, 0 if p = 5, 1 if p == 1 or 9 (mod 10), (-1)^e if p == 3 or 7 (mod 10). - David W. Wilson, Jun 10 2005
This sequence is a divisibility sequence, i.e., a(n) divides a(m) whenever n divides m. Case P1 = 1, P2 = -1, Q = 1 of the 3 parameter family of 4th-order linear divisibility sequences found by Williams and Guy. - Peter Bala, Mar 24 2014
From Peter Bala, Mar 24 2014: (Start)
This is the particular case P1 = 1, P2 = -1, Q = 1 of the following results:
Let P1, P2 and Q be integers. Let alpha and beta denote the roots of the quadratic equation x^2 - 1/2*P1*x + 1/4*P2 = 0. Let T(n,x;Q) denote the bivariate Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind defined by T(n,x;Q) = 1/2*( (x + sqrt(x^2 - Q))^n + (x - sqrt(x^2 - Q))^n ) (when Q = 1, T(n,x;Q) reduces to the ordinary Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind T(n,x)). Then we have
1) The sequence A(n) := ( T(n,alpha;Q) - T(n,beta;Q) )/(alpha - beta) is a linear divisibility sequence of the fourth order.
2) A(n) belongs to the 3-parameter family of fourth-order divisibility sequences found by Williams and Guy.
3) The o.g.f. of the sequence A(n) is the rational function x*(1 - Q*x^2)/(1 - P1*x + (P2 + 2*Q)*x^2 - P1*Q*x^3 + Q^2*x^4).
4) The o.g.f. is the Chebyshev transform of the rational function x/(1 - P1*x + P2*x^2), where the Chebyshev transform takes the function A(x) to the function (1 - Q*x^2)/(1 + Q*x^2)*A(x/(1 + Q*x^2)).
5) Let q = sqrt(Q) and set a = sqrt( q + (P2)/(4*q) + (P1)/2 ) and b = sqrt( q + (P2)/(4*q) - (P1)/2 ). Then the o.g.f. of the sequence A(n) is the Hadamard product of the rational functions x/(1 - (a + b)*x + q*x^2) and x/(1 - (a - b)*x + q*x^2). Thus A(n) is the product of two (usually, non-integer) Lucas-type sequences.
6) A(n) = the bottom left entry of the 2 X 2 matrix 2*T(n,1/2*M;Q), where M is the 2 X 2 matrix [0, -P2; 1, P1].
For examples of the above see A006238, A054493, A078070, A092184, A098306, A100048, A108196, A138573, A152090 and A218134. (End)

			A Chebyshev transform of the Fibonacci numbers A000045: if A(x) is the g.f. of a sequence, map it to ((1-x^2)/(1+x^2))A(x/(1+x^2)).
The denominator is the 10th cyclotomic polynomial.
G.f. = x + x^2 - x^3 - x^4 - x^6 - x^7 + x^8 + x^9 + x^11 + x^12 - x^13 + ...

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
Peter Bala, Linear divisibility sequences and Chebyshev polynomials
Tian-Xiao He, Peter J.-S. Shiue, An Approach to the Construction of Linear Divisibility Sequences of Higher Orders, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 20 (2017), Article 17.8.2.
H. C. Williams and R. K. Guy, Some fourth-order linear divisibility sequences, Intl. J. Number Theory 7 (5) (2011) 1255-1277.
H. C. Williams and R. K. Guy, Some Monoapparitic Fourth Order Linear Divisibility Sequences Integers, Volume 12A (2012) The John Selfridge Memorial Volume
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (1,-1,1,-1).

Other Chebyshev transforms: A011655, A099443, A100048.
Cf. A006238, A054493, A078070, A092184, A098306, A108196, A138573, A152090, A218134.
Cf. also A011558, A080891, A244895, A226162.

a := n -> (-1)^iquo(n, 5)*signum(mods(n, 5)):
seq(a(n), n=0..89); # after Michael Somos, Peter Luschny, Dec 30 2018

a[ n_] := {1, 1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, 1, 1, 0}[[Mod[ n, 10, 1]]]; (* Michael Somos, May 24 2015 *)
a[ n_] := (-1)^Quotient[ n, 5] Sign[ Mod[ n, 5, -2]]; (* Michael Somos, May 24 2015 *)
a[ n_] := (-1)^Quotient[n, 5] {1, 1, -1, -1, 0}[[Mod[ n, 5, 1]]]; (* Michael Somos, May 24 2015 *)
LinearRecurrence[{1, -1, 1, -1}, {0, 1, 1, -1}, 90] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 11 2019 *)

{a(n) = (-1)^(n\5) * [0, 1, 1, -1, -1][n%5+1]}; /* Michael Somos, May 24 2015 */

{a(n) = (-1)^(n\5) * sign( centerlift( Mod(n, 5)))}; /* Michael Somos, May 24 2015 */

G.f.: x*(1 - x^2)/(1 - x + x^2 - x^3 + x^4).
a(n) = a(n-1) - a(n-2) + a(n-3) - a(n-4).
a(n) = n*Sum_{k=0..floor(n/2)} (-1)^k *binomial(n-k, k)*A000045(n-2*k)/(n  -k).
From Peter Bala, Mar 24 2014: (Start)
a(n) = (T(n,alpha) - T(n,beta))/(alpha - beta), where alpha = (1 + sqrt(5))/4 and beta = (1 - sqrt(5))/4 and T(n,x) denotes the Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind.
a(n) = bottom left entry of the matrix T(n, M), where M is the 2 X 2 matrix [0, 1/4; 1, 1/2].
The o.g.f. is the Hadamard product of the rational functions x/(1 - 1/2*(sqrt(5) + 1)*x + x^2) and x/(1 - 1/2*(sqrt(5) - 1)*x + x^2). (End)
Euler transform of length 10 sequence [ 1, -2, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]. - Michael Somos, May 24 2015
a(n) = a(-n) = -a(n + 5) for all n in Z. - Michael Somos, May 24 2015
|A011558(n)| = |A080891(n)| = |a(n)| = A244895(n). - Michael Somos, May 24 2015

A047201 Numbers not divisible by 5.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 81, 82, 83, 84, 86, 87

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

Original name was: Numbers that are congruent to {1, 2, 3, 4} mod 5.
More generally the sequence of numbers not divisible by some fixed integer m>=2 is given by a(n,m) = n-1+floor((n+m-2)/(m-1)). - Benoit Cloitre, Jul 11 2009
Complement of A008587. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 30 2009

Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (1,0,0,1,-1).

Cf. A019692, A045572, A179290.

a047201 n = a047201_list !! (n-1)
a047201_list = [x | x <- [1..], mod x 5 > 0]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 17 2011

[Floor((15*n-1)/12): n in [1..70]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Apr 06 2015

seq(floor((15*n-1)/12), n=1..56); # Gary Detlefs, Mar 07 2010

Select[Table[n,{n,200}],Mod[#,5]!=0&] (* Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, Feb 18 2011 *)

a(n)= n+(n-1)\4 \\ corrected by Michel Marcus, Sep 02 2022

a(n)=n-1+floor((n+3)/4) \\ Benoit Cloitre, Jul 11 2009

def A047201(n): return n+(n-1>>2) # Chai Wah Wu, Feb 24 2025

[i for i in range(72) if gcd(5,i) == 1] # Zerinvary Lajos, Apr 21 2009

G.f.: (x+2*x^2+3*x^3+4*x^4+4*x^5+3*x^6+2*x^7+x^8)/(1-x^4)^2 (not reduced). - Len Smiley
a(n) = 5+a(n-4).
G.f.: x*(1+x+x^2+x^3+x^4)/((1-x)*(1-x^4)).
a(n) = n-1+floor((n+3)/4). - Benoit Cloitre, Jul 11 2009
A011558(a(n))=1; A079998(a(n))=0. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 30 2009
a(n) = floor((15*n-1)/12). - Gary Detlefs, Mar 07 2010
a(n) = A225496(n) for n <= 42. - Reinhard Zumkeller, May 09 2013
From Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 22 2015: (Start)
a(n) = a(n-1) + a(n-4) - a(n-5), n>5.
a(n) = (10*n-5-(-1)^n+2*(-1)^((2*n+5-(-1)^n)/4))/8. (End)
E.g.f.: 1 + (1/4)*(-cos(x) + (-3 + 5*x)*cosh(x) + sin(x) + (-2 + 5*x)*sinh(x)). - Stefano Spezia, Dec 01 2019
a(n) = floor((5*n-1)/4). - Wolfdieter Lang, Sep 30 2020
Sum_{n>=1} (-1)^(n+1)/a(n) = sqrt(2-2/sqrt(5))*Pi/5 = A179290 * A019692 / 10. - Amiram Eldar, Dec 07 2021

Comment from Lekraj Beedassy, Dec 17 2006 is now the current name. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 25 2015

A080891 Period 5: repeat [0, 1, -1, -1, 1].

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 0

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane, Sep 23 2003

a(n) = (5/n), where (k/n) is the Kronecker symbol.
L(1;5) (Dirichlet L-series) is the integral from 0 to 1 of the g.f. of a(n+1). Partial sums are A092202. - Paul Barry, Apr 01 2005
From R. J. Mathar, Jul 15 2010, simplified Jul 27 2010: (Start)
The sequence is the real non-principal Dirichlet character mod 5. (The principal character mod 5 is A011558.)
Associated Dirichlet L-functions are, for example, L(1,chi) = Sum_{n>=1} a(n)/n = A086466 or L(2,chi) = Sum_{n>=1} a(n)/n^2 = 0.7062114... = 4*Pi^2/(25*sqrt(5)). (End)
This sequence {a(n)} appears in the formula 2*exp(2*Pi*n*i/5) = (A(n) + a(n)*phi) + (C(n) + D(n)*phi)*sqrt(2 + phi)*i, with the golden section phi, i = sqrt(-1) and A(n) = A164116(n+5), C(n) = A156174(n+4) and D(n) = A010891(n+3) for n >= 0. See a comment on A164116. - Wolfdieter Lang, Feb 26 2014
In Gil and Robins 2003 on page 33 the g.f. is denoted by f_{4, 4}(x). - Michael Somos, Sep 04 2015

			G.f. = x - x^2 - x^3 + x^4 + x^6 - x^7 - x^8 + x^9 + x^11 - x^12 - x^13 + ...

T. M. Apostol, Introduction to Analytic Number Theory, Springer-Verlag, 1986, page 139, k=5, Chi_2(n).
H. Cohn, Advanced Number Theory, Dover Publications, Inc., 1962, p. 173.

J. B. Gil and S. Robins, Hecke operators on rational functions, arXiv:math/0309244 [math.NT], 2003.
J.-P. Serre, On a theorem of Jordan, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc., 40 (No. 4, 2003), 429-440, see p. 435.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Kronecker Symbol.
Index to divisibility sequences
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (-1,-1,-1,-1).
Index entries for two-way infinite sequences

Cf. A011558, A086937, A100047.

&cat [[0, 1, -1, -1, 1]^^30]; // Wesley Ivan Hurt, Dec 26 2016

A080891 := proc(n) numtheory[jacobi](n,5) ; end proc: seq(A080891(n),n=0..100) ; # R. J. Mathar, Jul 29 2010

a[ n_] := Mod[n^2 + 1, 5] - 1; (* Michael Somos, May 24 2015 *)
a[ n_] := KroneckerSymbol[ n, 5]; (* Michael Somos, May 24 2015 *)
a[ n_] := {1, -1, -1, 1, 0}[[Mod[n, 5, 1]]]; (* Michael Somos, May 24 2015 *)
PadRight[{},120,{0,1,-1,-1,1}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Nov 30 2023 *)

numlib::jacobi(n,5)$ n=0..100 // Zerinvary Lajos, May 13 2008

a(n)=kronecker(5,n) /* Also, a(n)=kronecker(n,5) */

{a(n) = (n^2 + 1)%5 - 1}; /* Michael Somos, Dec 01 2004 */

If n == 0 (mod 5) a(n)=0; if n == 1 or 4 (mod 5) a(n)=1; if n == 2 or 3 (mod 5) a(n)=-1.
G.f.: x*(1-x^2)/(1+x+x^2+x^3+x^4). - Paul Barry, Apr 01 2005
G.f.: x * (1 - x) * (1 - x^2) / (1 - x^5). a(n) = a(-n) = a(n+5) for all n in Z. - Michael Somos, Jun 17 2005
Euler transform of length 5 sequence [-1, -1, 0, 0, 1]. - Michael Somos, Jun 17 2005
Transform of the Fibonacci numbers by the Riordan array A102587. - Paul Barry, Jul 14 2005
a(n) = -1 + floor(12002/99999*10^(n+1)) mod 10. - Hieronymus Fischer, Jan 04 2013
a(n) = -1 + floor(137/242*3^(n+1)) mod 3. - Hieronymus Fischer, Jan 04 2013
|A011558(n)| = |a(n)| = |A100047(n)|. - Michael Somos, May 24 2015
a(n) is completely multiplicative with a(p) = Kronecker(5, p). - Michael Somos, Jun 17 2015
From Wesley Ivan Hurt, Dec 26 2016: (Start)
a(n) = a(n-5) for n > 4.
a(n) + a(n-1) + a(n-2) + a(n-3) + a(n-4) = 0 for n > 3.
a(n) = 1 + 2*floor((n-4)/5) - 2*floor((n-2)/5) + floor((n-1)/5) - floor(n/5). (End)
a(n) = 2*(cos(2*n*Pi/5) - cos(4*n*Pi/5))/sqrt(5). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Sep 26 2018
a(n) = a(n-1)*a(n-4) - a(n-2)*a(n-3) for n > 3. - Nicolas Bělohoubek, May 21 2024
a(n) = n^2 - 5*floor((n^2+1)/5). - Aaron J Grech, Aug 28 2024

Name specified by Wolfdieter Lang, Feb 26 2014

A166486 Periodic sequence [0,1,1,1] of length 4; Characteristic function of numbers that are not multiples of 4.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0

Offset: 0

Jaume Oliver Lafont, Oct 15 2009

			G.f. = x + x^2 + x^3 + x^5 + x^6 + x^7 + x^9 + x^10 + x^11 + x^13 + x^14 + ...

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..65537
Michael Somos, Rational Function Multiplicative Coefficients
Index entries for characteristic functions
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0,0,0,1).

Characteristic function of A042968, whose complement A008586 gives the positions of zeros (after its initial term).
Absolute values of A046978, A075553, A131729, A358839, and for n >= 1, also of A112299 and of A257196.
Sequence A152822 shifted by two terms.
Parity of A327860, A331733, A342002, A351083 and A345000.
Row 3 of A225145, Column 2 of A229940 (after the initial term).
First differences of A057353. Sum of A359370 and A359372.
Cf. A000035, A011655, A011558, A097325, A109720, A168181, A168182, A168184, A145568, A168185 (characteristic functions for numbers that are not multiples of k = 2, 3 and 5..12).
Cf. A016628, A164985, A165132.
Cf. A010873, A033436, A069733 (inverse Möbius transform), A121262 (one's complement), A190621 [= n*a(n)], A355689 (Dirichlet inverse).

[Ceiling(n/4)-Floor(n/4) : n in [0..50]]; // Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 20 2014

seq(1/2*((n^3+n) mod 4), n=0..50); # Gary Detlefs, Mar 20 2010

PadRight[{},120,{0,1,1,1}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 04 2013 *)
Table[Ceiling[n/4] - Floor[n/4], {n, 0, 100}] (* Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 20 2014 *)
a[ n_] := Sign[ Mod[n, 4]]; (* Michael Somos, May 05 2015 *)

PARI
```
{a(n) = !!(n%4)};
```

def A166486(n): return (0,1,1,1)[n&3] # Chai Wah Wu, Jan 03 2023

G.f.: (x + x^2 + x^3) / (1 - x^4) = x * (1 + x + x^2) / ((1 - x) * (1 + x) * (1 + x^2)) = x * (1 - x^3) / ((1 - x) * (1 - x^4)).
a(n) = (3 - i^n - (-i)^n - (-1)^n) / 4, where i=sqrt(-1).
Sum_{k>0} a(k)/(k*3^k) = log(5)/4.
From Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 30 2009: (Start)
Multiplicative with a(p^e) = (if p=2 then 0^(e-1) else 1), p prime and e>0.
a(n) = 1-A121262(n).
a(A042968(n))=1; a(A008586(n))=0.
A033436(n) = Sum{k=0..n} a(k)*(n-k). (End)
a(n) = 1/2*((n^3+n) mod 4). - Gary Detlefs, Mar 20 2010
a(n) = (Fibonacci(n)*Fibonacci(3n) mod 3)/2. - Gary Detlefs Dec 21 2010
Euler transform of length 4 sequence [ 1, 0, -1, 1]. - Michael Somos, Feb 12 2011
Dirichlet g.f. (1-1/4^s)*zeta(s). - R. J. Mathar, Feb 19 2011
a(n) = Fibonacci(n)^2 mod 3. - Gary Detlefs, May 16 2011
a(n) = -1/4*cos(Pi*n)-1/2*cos(1/2*Pi*n)+3/4. - Leonid Bedratyuk, May 13 2012
For the general case: the characteristic function of numbers that are not multiples of m is a(n)=floor((n-1)/m)-floor(n/m)+1, m,n > 0. - Boris Putievskiy, May 08 2013
a(n) = ceiling(n/4) - floor(n/4). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 20 2014
a(n) = a(-n) for all n in Z. - Michael Somos, May 05 2015
For n >= 1, a(n) = A053866(A225546(n)) = A000035(A331733(n)). - Antti Karttunen, Jul 07 2020
a(n) = signum(n mod 4). - Alois P. Heinz, May 12 2021
From Antti Karttunen, Dec 28 2022: (Start)
a(n) = [A010873(n) > 0], where [ ] is the Iverson bracket.
a(n) = abs(A046978(n)) = abs(A075553(n)) = abs(A131729(n)) = abs(A358839(n)).
For all n >= 1, a(n) = abs(A112299(n)) = abs(A257196(n))
a(n) = A152822(2+n).
a(n) = A359370(n) + A359372(n). (End)
E.g.f.: (cosh(x) - cos(x))/2 + sinh(x). - Stefano Spezia, Aug 04 2025

Secondary definition (from Reinhard Zumkeller's Nov 30 2009 comment) added to the name by Antti Karttunen, Dec 20 2022

A079998 The characteristic function of the multiples of five.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1

Offset: 0

Vladimir Baltic, Feb 10 2003

Number of permutations satisfying -k <= p(i) - i <= r and p(i) - i not in I, i = 1..n, with k = 2, r = 3, I = {-1, 0, 1, 2}.
a(n) = 1 if n = 5k, a(n) = 0 otherwise. Also, number of permutations satisfying -k <= p(i) - i <= r and p(i) - i not in I, i = 1..n, with k = 1, r = 4, I = {0, 1, 2, 3}.
a(n) is also the number of partitions of n with each part being five (a(0) = 1 because the empty partition has no parts to test equality with five). Hence a(n) is also the number of 2-regular graphs on n vertices with each component having girth exactly five. - Jason Kimberley, Oct 02 2011
This sequence is the Euler transformation of A185015. - Jason Kimberley, Oct 02 2011

D. H. Lehmer, Permutations with strongly restricted displacements. Combinatorial theory and its applications, II (Proc. Colloq., Balatonfured, 1969), pp. 755-770. North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1970.

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..16385
Vladimir Baltic, On the number of certain types of strongly restricted permutations, Applicable Analysis and Discrete Mathematics Vol. 4, No 1 (April, 2010), 119-135.
Benoit Cloitre, A study of a family of self-referential sequences, arXiv:2506.18103 [math.GM], 2025. See p. 10.
Index entries for characteristic functions
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0,0,0,0,1).

Cf. A011558, A008587, A002524-A002529, A072827, A072850-A072856, A079955-A080014.

Characteristic function of multiples of g: A000007 (g = 0), A000012 (g = 1), A059841 (g = 2), A079978 (g = 3), A121262 (g = 4), this sequence (g = 5), A079979 (g = 6), A082784 (g = 7). - Jason Kimberley, Oct 14 2011

[Binomial(n-1,4) mod 5 : n in [0..100]]; // Wesley Ivan Hurt, Oct 06 2014

A079998:=n->binomial(n-1,4) mod 5: seq(A079998(n), n=0..100); # Wesley Ivan Hurt, Oct 06 2014

Table[Mod[Binomial[n - 1, 4], 5], {n, 0, 100}] (* Wesley Ivan Hurt, Oct 06 2014 *)
Table[Boole[Divisible[n, 5]], {n, 0, 99}] (* Alonso del Arte, Nov 29 2014 *)
PadRight[{},120,{1,0,0,0,0}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 11 2023 *)

a(n)=!(n%5) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Mar 07 2012

(define (A079998 n) (if (zero? (modulo n 5)) 1 0)) ;; Antti Karttunen, Dec 21 2017

Recurrence: a(n) = a(n-5). G.f.: -1/(x^5 - 1).
a(n) = 1 - A011558(n); a(A008587(n)) = 1; a(A047201(n)) = 0. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 30 2009
a(n) = floor(1/2*cos(2*n*Pi/5) + 1/2). - Gary Detlefs, May 16 2011
a(n) = floor(n/5) - floor((n-1)/5). - Tani Akinari, Oct 21 2012
a(n) = binomial(n - 1, 4) mod 5. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Oct 06 2014

More terms from Antti Karttunen, Dec 21 2017

A097325 Period 6: repeat [0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1].

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1

Offset: 0

Ralf Stephan, Aug 16 2004

a(n) is 0 if 6 divides n, 1 otherwise.

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..26244
Index entries for characteristic functions
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0,0,0,0,0,1).

Characteristic sequence of A047253.
Binary complement of A079979.
Cf. A010875, A168185, A145568, A168184, A168182, A168181, A109720, A011558, A166486, A011655, A000035.

[Sign(n mod 6) : n in [0..50]]; // Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 20 2014

seq(signum(k mod 6), k=0..100); # Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 29 2013

Table[Boole[Not[Divisible[n, 6]]], {n, 0, 89}] (* Alonso del Arte, Oct 21 2013 *)
PadRight[{}, 120, {0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1}] (* Michael De Vlieger, Dec 22 2017 *)

PARI
```
a(n) = sign(n%6);
```

(define (A097325 n) (if (zero? (modulo n 6)) 0 1)) ;; Antti Karttunen, Dec 22 2017

G.f.: 1/(1-x) - 1/(1-x^6) = Sum_{k>=0} x^k - x^(6*k).
Recurrence: a(n+6) = a(n), a(0) = 0, a(i) = 1, 1 <= i <= 5.
a(n) = (1/4) * (3 - (-1)^n - (-1)^((n+1)/3) - (-1)^((2n+1)/3)).
From Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 30 2009: (Start)
a(n) = 1 - A079979(n).
a(A047253(n)) = 1, a(A008588(n)) = 0.
A033438(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} a(k)*(n-k). (End)
Dirichlet g.f.: (1 - 1/6^s)*zeta(s). - R. J. Mathar, Feb 19 2011
For the general case: the characteristic function of numbers that are not multiples of m is a(n) = floor((n-1)/m) - floor(n/m) + 1, m, n > 0. - Boris Putievskiy, May 08 2013
a(n) = sign(n mod 6). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 29 2013
a(n) = ceiling(5n/6) - floor(5n/6). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 20 2014

New name from Omar E. Pol, Oct 21 2013

A109720 Periodic sequence {0,1,1,1,1,1,1} or n^6 mod 7.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1

Offset: 0

Bruce Corrigan (scentman(AT)myfamily.com), Aug 09 2005

This sequence also represents n^12 mod 7; n^18 mod 7; (exponents are = 0 mod 6).
Characteristic sequence for numbers n>=1 to be relatively prime to 7. - Wolfdieter Lang, Oct 29 2008
a(n+4), n>=0, (periodic 1,1,1,0,1,1,1) is also the characteristic sequence for mod m reduced positive odd numbers (i.e., gcd(2*n+1,m)=1, n>=0) for each modulus m from 7*A003591 = [7,14,28,49,56,98,112,196,...]. [Wolfdieter Lang, Feb 04 2012]

Index entries for characteristic functions - _Reinhard Zumkeller_, Nov 30 2009
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0,0,0,0,0,0,1)

Cf. A010876 = n mod 7; A053879 = n^2 mod 7; A070472 = m^3 mod 7; A070512 = n^4 mod 7; A070593 = n^5 mod 7.

Cf. A168185, A145568, A168184, A168182, A168181, A097325, A011558, A166486, A011655, A000035.

PadRight[{},120,{0,1,1,1,1,1,1}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 09 2018 *)

a(n)=n^6%7 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Sep 24 2015

[power_mod(n,6,7)for n in range(0, 105)] # Zerinvary Lajos, Nov 06 2009

a(n) = 0 if n=0 mod 7; a(n)= 1 else.
G.f. = (x+x^2+x^3+x^4+x^5+x^6)/(1-x^7)= -x*(1+x)*(1+x+x^2)*(x^2-x+1) / ( (x-1)*(1+x+x^2+x^3+x^4+x^5+x^6) ).
a(n)=1-A082784(n); a(A047304(n))=1; a(A008589(n))=0; A033439(n) = SUM(a(k)*(n-k): 0<=k<=n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 30 2009
Multiplicative with a(p) = (if p=7 then 0 else 1), p prime. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 30 2009
Dirichlet g.f. (1-7^(-s))*zeta(s). - R. J. Mathar, Mar 06 2011
For the general case: the characteristic function of numbers that are not multiples of m is a(n)=floor((n-1)/m)-floor(n/m)+1, m,n > 0. - Boris Putievskiy, May 08 2013

cp's OEIS Frontend

A011655 Period 3: repeat [0, 1, 1].

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Examples

References

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Haskell

Magma

Maple

Mathematica

PARI

PARI

PARI

Python

Formula

Extensions

A008587 Multiples of 5: a(n) = 5 * n.

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

References

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Magma

Mathematica

Maxima

PARI

Formula

A100047 A Chebyshev transform of the Fibonacci numbers.

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Examples

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Maple

Mathematica

PARI

PARI

Formula

A047201 Numbers not divisible by 5.

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Haskell

Magma

Maple

Mathematica

PARI

PARI

Python

Sage

Formula

Extensions

A080891 Period 5: repeat [0, 1, -1, -1, 1].

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Examples

References

Links

Crossrefs

Programs

Magma

Maple

Mathematica