cp's OEIS Frontend

This is a front-end for the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, made by Christian Perfect. The idea is to provide OEIS entries in non-ancient HTML, and then to think about how they're presented visually. The source code is on GitHub.

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A175820 Partial sums of digits of decimal expansion of Glaisher-Kinkelin constant (sequence A074962).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 11, 13, 17, 19, 26, 27, 29, 38, 39, 39, 39, 45, 47, 49, 55, 58, 64, 72, 79, 84, 87, 91, 93, 98, 104, 112, 120, 126, 135, 142, 151, 152, 159, 161, 168, 175, 181, 188, 194, 202, 210, 219, 221, 228, 231, 233, 238, 238, 238, 239, 240, 249, 251, 251, 257, 260, 267
Offset: 1

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Author

Michel Lagneau, Sep 11 2010

Keywords

Examples

			Glaisher-Kinkelin constant =1.2824271291...... so the sums are 1, 1+2, 1+2+8, 1+2+8+2, 1+2+8+2+4..., leading to the terms 1, 3, 11, 13, 17,...
		

Crossrefs

Cf. A074962 for digits of Glaisher-Kinkelin constant

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Rest@FoldList[ Plus, 0, First@ RealDigits[Glaisher, 10, 100]]

A279919 Numerators of convergents to Glaisher-Kinkelin constant (A074962).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 5, 9, 50, 59, 109, 168, 613, 7524, 30709, 38233, 10391852, 10430085, 20821937, 52073959, 385339650, 437413609, 15694815965, 94606309399, 110301125364, 1087316437675, 4459566876064, 10006450189803, 14466017065867, 24472467255670, 63410951577207, 87883418832877
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Ilya Gutkovskiy, Dec 23 2016

Keywords

Examples

			1, 4/3, 5/4, 9/7, 50/39, 59/46, 109/85, 168/131, 613/478, 7524/5867, 30709/23946, 38233/29813, ...
		

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Numerator[Convergents[Glaisher, 28]]

A279920 Denominators of convergents to Glaisher-Kinkelin constant (A074962).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 4, 7, 39, 46, 85, 131, 478, 5867, 23946, 29813, 8103269, 8133082, 16236351, 40605784, 300476839, 341082623, 12238368644, 73771294487, 86009663131, 847858262666, 3477442713795, 7802743690256, 11280186404051, 19082930094307, 49446046592665, 68528976686972
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Ilya Gutkovskiy, Dec 23 2016

Keywords

Examples

			1, 4/3, 5/4, 9/7, 50/39, 59/46, 109/85, 168/131, 613/478, 7524/5867, 30709/23946, 38233/29813, ...
		

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Mathematica
    Denominator[Convergents[Glaisher, 28]]

A173169 Decimal expansion of the solution x to x^x = A, the Glaisher-Kinkelin constant (A074962).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 2, 5, 1, 2, 6, 3, 0, 4, 3, 2, 1, 1, 8, 1, 9, 1, 4, 9, 0, 7, 1, 0, 7, 6, 0, 1, 7, 2, 1, 6, 7, 4, 9, 5, 6, 8, 3, 6, 4, 0, 2, 7, 5, 1, 4, 3, 2, 2, 8, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 3, 8, 5, 0, 3, 7, 4, 0, 3, 9, 4, 2, 9, 0, 1, 0, 7, 8, 5, 2, 1, 0, 6, 6, 0, 1, 6, 0, 2, 6, 1, 5, 4, 4, 0, 3, 5, 7, 5, 4, 5, 0, 8, 8, 0, 2, 5
Offset: 1

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Author

Keywords

Examples

			1.22512630432118191..^1.22512630432118191.. = 1.28242712910062263687534256886979..
		

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Mathematica
    x=Glaisher;RealDigits[Log[x]/ProductLog[Log[x]],10,4*5! ][[1]]
  • PARI
    (x->x/lambertw(x))(1/12-zeta'(-1)) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Dec 12 2013

Extensions

Keyword:cons added by R. J. Mathar, Feb 13 2010

A193547 Decimal expansion of 6*log(A) - 1/2 - 2*log(2)/3, where A is the Glaisher-Kinkelin constant (A074962).

Original entry on oeis.org

5, 3, 0, 4, 2, 8, 7, 4, 1, 8, 2, 9, 4, 0, 8, 7, 0, 2, 3, 3, 8, 6, 9, 6, 5, 4, 7, 1, 5, 1, 2, 3, 2, 8, 1, 1, 2, 0, 0, 5, 5, 1, 5, 2, 5, 7, 7, 1, 0, 4, 0, 5, 3, 2, 5, 8, 5, 3, 4, 7, 1, 6, 5, 1, 4, 8, 5, 6, 2, 4, 5, 0, 0, 1, 9, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 9, 4, 8, 6, 5, 7, 5, 0, 5, 0, 6, 6, 4, 1, 0, 6, 7, 4, 1, 5
Offset: 0

Views

Author

John M. Campbell, Jul 30 2011

Keywords

Examples

			0.530428...
		

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Mathematica
    N[-Integrate[(x (4 x^2 - x^4))/((-2 + x^2)^2 Log[1 - x^2]), {x, 0,  1}]]
    RealDigits[-(1/2) - (2 Log[2])/3 + 6 Log[Glaisher], 10, 200]
  • PARI
    -6*zeta'(-1)-2*log(2)/3 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Dec 12 2013

Formula

Equals: -integral(x=0..1, x*(4*x^2 - x^4) / ((-2 + x^2)^2 * log(1 - x^2)) ). See Guillera & Sondow link for a related product.

A279627 Engel expansion of the Glaisher-Kinkelin constant A074962.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 8, 27, 59, 188, 384, 427, 2525, 71429, 80727, 357492, 13200877, 65161876, 7439912342, 15555881542, 71559279848, 116275866868, 345574982189, 737460049244, 9183275685671, 12641946167319, 126181443702371
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Benedict W. J. Irwin, Dec 16 2016

Keywords

Comments

See A006784 for more details on the Engel expansion.

Examples

			1.2824271291006... = 1/1 + 1/(1*4) + 1/(1*4*8) + 1/(1*4*8*27) + ...
		

Crossrefs

Cf. A074962.

Programs

  • Mathematica
    EngelExp[A_, n_] := Join[Array[1 &, Floor[A]], First@Transpose@NestList[{Ceiling[1/Expand[#[[1]] #[[2]] - 1]], Expand[#[[1]] #[[2]] - 1]} &, {Ceiling[1/(A - Floor[A])], A - Floor[A]}, n - 1]];
    EngelExp[Glaisher, 22]

A000178 Superfactorials: product of first n factorials.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 12, 288, 34560, 24883200, 125411328000, 5056584744960000, 1834933472251084800000, 6658606584104736522240000000, 265790267296391946810949632000000000, 127313963299399416749559771247411200000000000, 792786697595796795607377086400871488552960000000000000
Offset: 0

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Author

Keywords

Comments

a(n) is also the Vandermonde determinant of the numbers 1,2,...,(n+1), i.e., the determinant of the (n+1) X (n+1) matrix A with A[i,j] = i^j, 1 <= i <= n+1, 0 <= j <= n. - Ahmed Fares (ahmedfares(AT)my-deja.com), May 06 2001
a(n) = (1/n!) * D(n) where D(n) is the determinant of order n in which the (i,j)-th element is i^j. - Amarnath Murthy, Jan 02 2002
Determinant of S_n where S_n is the n X n matrix S_n(i,j) = Sum_{d|i} d^j. - Benoit Cloitre, May 19 2002
Appears to be det(M_n) where M_n is the n X n matrix with m(i,j) = J_j(i) where J_k(n) denote the Jordan function of row k, column n (cf. A059380(m)). - Benoit Cloitre, May 19 2002
a(2n+1) = 1, 12, 34560, 125411328000, ... is the Hankel transform of A000182 (tangent numbers) = 1, 2, 16, 272, 7936, ...; example: det([1, 2, 16, 272; 2, 16, 272, 7936; 16, 272, 7936, 353792; 272, 7936, 353792, 22368256]) = 125411328000. - Philippe Deléham, Mar 07 2004
Determinant of the (n+1) X (n+1) matrix whose i-th row consists of terms 1 to n+1 of the Lucas sequence U(i,Q), for any Q. When Q=0, the Vandermonde matrix is obtained. - T. D. Noe, Aug 21 2004
Determinant of the (n+1) X (n+1) matrix A whose elements are A(i,j) = B(i+j) for 0 <= i,j <= n, where B(k) is the k-th Bell number, A000110(k) [I. Mezo, JIS 14 (2011) # 11.1.1]. - T. D. Noe, Dec 04 2004
The Hankel transform of the sequence A090365 is A000178(n+1); example: det([1,1,3; 1,3,11; 3,11,47]) = 12. - Philippe Deléham, Mar 02 2005
Theorem 1.3, page 2, of Polynomial points, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 10 (2007), Article 07.3.6, provides an example of an Abelian quotient group of order (n-1) superfactorial, for each positive integer n. The quotient is obtained from sequences of polynomial values. - E. F. Cornelius, Jr. (efcornelius(AT)comcast.net), Apr 09 2007
Starting with offset 1 this is a 'Matryoshka doll' sequence with alpha=1, the multiplicative counterpart to the additive A000292. seq(mul(mul(i,i=alpha..k), k=alpha..n),n=alpha..12). - Peter Luschny, Jul 14 2009
For n>0, a(n) is also the determinant of S_n where S_n is the n X n matrix, indexed from 1, S_n(i,j)=sigma_i(j), where sigma_k(n) is the generalized divisor sigma function: A000203 is sigma_1(n). - Enrique Pérez Herrero, Jun 21 2010
a(n) is the multiplicative Wiener index of the (n+1)-vertex path. Example: a(4)=288 because in the path on 5 vertices there are 3 distances equal to 2, 2 distances equal to 3, and 1 distance equal to 4 (2*2*2*3*3*4=288). See p. 115 of the Gutman et al. reference. - Emeric Deutsch, Sep 21 2011
a(n-1) = Product_{j=1..n-1} j! = V(n) = Product_{1 <= i < j <= n} (j - i) (a Vandermondian V(n), see the Ahmed Fares May 06 2001 comment above), n >= 1, is in fact the determinant of any n X n matrix M(n) with entries M(n;i,j) = p(j-1,x = i), 1 <= i, j <= n, where p(m,x), m >= 0, are monic polynomials of exact degree m with p(0,x) = 1. This is a special x[i] = i choice in a general theorem given in Vein-Dale, p. 59 (written for the transposed matrix M(n;j,x_i) = p(i-1,x_j) = P_i(x_j) in Vein-Dale, and there a_{k,k} = 1, for k=1..n). See the Aug 26 2013 comment under A049310, where p(n,x) = S(n,x) (Chebyshev S). - Wolfdieter Lang, Aug 27 2013
a(n) is the number of monotonic magmas on n elements labeled 1..n with a symmetric multiplication table. I.e., Product(i,j) >= max(i,j); Product(i,j) = Product(j,i). - Chad Brewbaker, Nov 03 2013
The product of the pairwise differences of n+1 integers is a multiple of a(n) [and this does not hold for any k > a(n)]. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Aug 15 2014
a(n) is the determinant of the (n+1) X (n+1) matrix M with M(i,j) = (n+j-1)!/(n+j-i)!, 1 <= i <= n+1, 1 <= j <= n+1. - Stoyan Apostolov, Aug 26 2014
All terms are in A064807 and all terms after a(2) are in A005101. - Ivan N. Ianakiev, Sep 02 2016
Empirical: a(n-1) is the determinant of order n in which the (i,j)-th entry is the (j-1)-th derivative of x^(x+i-1) evaluated at x=1. - John M. Campbell, Dec 13 2016
Empirical: If f(x) is a smooth, real-valued function on an open neighborhood of 0 such that f(0)=1, then a(n) is the determinant of order n+1 in which the (i,j)-th entry is the (j-1)-th derivative of f(x)/((1-x)^(i-1)) evaluated at x=0. - John M. Campbell, Dec 27 2016
Also the automorphism group order of the n-triangular honeycomb rook graph. - Eric W. Weisstein, Jul 14 2017
Is the zigzag Hankel transform of A000182. That is, a(2*n+1) is the Hankel transform of A000182 and a(2*n+2) is the Hankel transform of A000182(n+1). - Michael Somos, Mar 11 2020
Except for n = 0, 1, superfactorial a(n) is never a square (proof in link Mabry and Cormick, FFF 4 p. 349); however, when k belongs to A349079 (see for further information), there exists m, 1 <= m <= k such that a(k) / m! is a square. - Bernard Schott, Nov 29 2021

Examples

			a(3) = (1/6)* | 1 1 1 | 2 4 8 | 3 9 27 |
a(7) = n! * a(n-1) = 7! * 24883200 = 125411328000.
a(12) = 1! * 2! * 3! * 4! * 5! * 6! * 7! * 8! * 9! * 10! * 11! * 12!
= 1^12 * 2^11 * 3^10 * 4^9 * 5^8 * 6^7 * 7^6 * 8^5 * 9^4 * 10^3 * 11^2 * 12^1
= 2^56 * 3^26 * 5^11 * 7^6 * 11^2.
G.f. = 1 + x + 2*x^2 + 12*x^3 + 288*x^4 + 34560*x^5 + 24883200*x^6 + ...
		

References

  • Miklos Bona, editor, Handbook of Enumerative Combinatorics, CRC Press, 2015, page 545.
  • Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants, Cambridge, 2003, pp. 135-145.
  • A. Fletcher, J. C. P. Miller, L. Rosenhead and L. J. Comrie, An Index of Mathematical Tables. Vols. 1 and 2, 2nd ed., Blackwell, Oxford and Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1962, Vol. 1, p. 50.
  • R. L. Graham, D. E. Knuth and O. Patashnik, Concrete Mathematics. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1990, p. 231.
  • H. J. Ryser, Combinatorial Mathematics. Mathematical Association of America, Carus Mathematical Monograph 14, 1963, p. 53.
  • N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
  • N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
  • R. Vein and P. Dale, Determinants and Their Applications in Mathematical Physics, Springer, 1999.

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Magma
    [&*[Factorial(k): k in [0..n]]: n in [0..20]]; // Bruno Berselli, Mar 11 2015
    
  • Maple
    A000178 := proc(n)
        mul(i!,i=1..n) ;
    end proc:
    seq(A000178(n),n=0..10) ; # R. J. Mathar, Oct 30 2015
  • Mathematica
    a[0] := 1; a[1] := 1; a[n_] := n!*a[n - 1]; Table[a[n], {n, 1, 12}] (* Stefan Steinerberger, Mar 10 2006 *)
    Table[BarnesG[n], {n, 2, 14}] (* Zerinvary Lajos, Jul 16 2009 *)
    FoldList[Times,1,Range[20]!] (* Harvey P. Dale, Mar 25 2011 *)
    RecurrenceTable[{a[n] == n! a[n - 1], a[0] == 1}, a, {n, 0, 12}] (* Ray Chandler, Jul 30 2015 *)
    BarnesG[Range[2, 20]] (* Eric W. Weisstein, Jul 14 2017 *)
  • Maxima
    A000178(n):=prod(k!,k,0,n)$ makelist(A000178(n),n,0,30); /* Martin Ettl, Oct 23 2012 */
    
  • PARI
    A000178(n)=prod(k=2,n,k!) \\ M. F. Hasler, Sep 02 2007
    
  • PARI
    a(n)=polcoeff(1-sum(k=0, n-1, a(k)*x^k/prod(j=1, k+1, (1+j!*x+x*O(x^n)) )), n) \\ Paul D. Hanna, Oct 02 2013
    
  • PARI
    for(j=1,13, print1(prod(k=1,j,k^(j-k)),", ")) \\ Hugo Pfoertner, Apr 09 2020
    
  • Python
    A000178_list, n, m = [1], 1,1
    for i in range(1,100):
        m *= i
        n *= m
        A000178_list.append(n) # Chai Wah Wu, Aug 21 2015
    
  • Python
    from math import prod
    def A000178(n): return prod(i**(n-i+1) for i in range(2,n+1)) # Chai Wah Wu, Nov 26 2023
  • Ruby
    def mono_choices(a,b,n)
        n - [a,b].max
    end
    def comm_mono_choices(n)
        accum =1
        0.upto(n-1) do |i|
            i.upto(n-1) do |j|
                accum = accum * mono_choices(i,j,n)
            end
        end
        accum
    end
    1.upto(12) do |k|
        puts comm_mono_choices(k)
    end # Chad Brewbaker, Nov 03 2013
    

Formula

a(0) = 1, a(n) = n!*a(n-1). - Lee Hae-hwang, May 13 2003, corrected by Ilya Gutkovskiy, Jul 30 2016
a(0) = 1, a(n) = 1^n * 2^(n-1) * 3^(n-2) * ... * n = Product_{r=1..n} r^(n-r+1). - Amarnath Murthy, Dec 12 2003 [Formula corrected by Derek Orr, Jul 27 2014]
a(n) = sqrt(A055209(n)). - Philippe Deléham, Mar 07 2004
a(n) = Product_{i=1..n} Product_{j=0..i-1} (i-j). - Paul Barry, Aug 02 2008
log a(n) = 0.5*n^2*log n - 0.75*n^2 + O(n*log n). - Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 13 2012
Asymptotic: a(n) ~ exp(zeta'(-1) - 3/4 - (3/4)*n^2 - (3/2)*n)*(2*Pi)^(1/2 + (1/2)*n)*(n+1)^((1/2)*n^2 + n + 5/12). For example, a(100) is approx. 0.270317...*10^6941. (See A213080.) - Peter Luschny, Jun 23 2012
G.f.: 1 + x/(U(0) - x) where U(k) = 1 + x*(k+1)! - x*(k+2)!/U(k+1); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Oct 02 2012
G.f.: G(0)/2, where G(k) = 1 + 1/(1 - 1/(1 + 1/((k+1)!*x*G(k+1)))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jun 14 2013
G.f.: 1 = Sum_{n>=0} a(n)*x^n / Product_{k=1..n+1} (1 + k!*x). - Paul D. Hanna, Oct 02 2013
A203227(n+1)/a(n) -> e, as n -> oo. - Daniel Suteu, Jul 30 2016
From Ilya Gutkovskiy, Jul 30 2016: (Start)
a(n) = G(n+2), where G(n) is the Barnes G-function.
a(n) ~ exp(1/12 - n*(3*n+4)/4)*n^(n*(n+2)/2 + 5/12)*(2*Pi)^((n+1)/2)/A, where A is the Glaisher-Kinkelin constant (A074962).
Sum_{n>=0} (-1)^n/a(n) = A137986. (End)
0 = a(n)*a(n+2)^3 + a(n+1)^2*a(n+2)^2 - a(n+1)^3*a(n+3) for all n in Z (if a(-1)=1). - Michael Somos, Mar 11 2020
Sum_{n>=0} 1/a(n) = A287013 = 1/A137987. - Amiram Eldar, Nov 19 2020
a(n) = Wronskian(1, x, x^2, ..., x^n). - Mohammed Yaseen, Aug 01 2023
From Andrea Pinos, Apr 04 2024: (Start)
a(n) = e^(Sum_{k=1..n} (Integral_{x=1..k+1} Psi(x) dx)).
a(n) = e^(Integral_{x=1..n+1} (log(sqrt(2*Pi)) - (x-1/2) + x*Psi(x)) dx).
a(n) = e^(Integral_{x=1..n+1} (log(sqrt(2*Pi)) - (x-1/2) + (n+1)*Psi(x) - log(Gamma(x))) dx).
Psi(x) is the digamma function. (End)

A000219 Number of plane partitions (or planar partitions) of n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 3, 6, 13, 24, 48, 86, 160, 282, 500, 859, 1479, 2485, 4167, 6879, 11297, 18334, 29601, 47330, 75278, 118794, 186475, 290783, 451194, 696033, 1068745, 1632658, 2483234, 3759612, 5668963, 8512309, 12733429, 18974973, 28175955, 41691046, 61484961, 90379784, 132441995, 193487501, 281846923
Offset: 0

Views

Author

Keywords

Comments

Two-dimensional partitions of n in which no row or column is longer than the one before it (compare A001970). E.g., a(4) = 13:
4.31.3.22.2.211.21..2.1111.111.11.11.1 but not 2
.....1....2.....1...1......1...11.1..1........ 11
....................1.............1..1
.....................................1
In the above, one also must require that rows & columns are nondecreasing, e.g., [1,1; 2] is also forbidden (which implies that row and column lengths are nondecreasing, if empty cells are identified with cells filled with 0's). - M. F. Hasler, Sep 22 2018
Can also be regarded as number of "safe pilings" of cubes in the corner of a room: the height should not increase away from the corner. - Wouter Meeussen
Also number of partitions of n objects of 2 colors, each part containing at least one black object; see example. - Christian G. Bower, Jan 08 2004
Number of partitions of n into 1 type of part 1, 2 types of part 2, ..., k types of part k. E.g., n=3 gives 111, 12, 12', 3, 3', 3''. - Jon Perry, May 27 2004
The bijection between the partitions in the two preceding comments goes by identifying a part with k black objects with a part of type k. - David Scambler and Joerg Arndt, May 01 2013
Can also be regarded as the number of Jordan canonical forms for an n X n matrix. (I.e., a 5 X 5 matrix has 24 distinct Jordan canonical forms, dependent on the algebraic and geometric multiplicity of each eigenvalue.) - Aaron Gable (agable(AT)hmc.edu), May 26 2009
(1/n) * convolution product of n terms * A001157 (sum of squares of divisors of n): (1, 5, 10, 21, 26, 50, 50, 85, ...) = a(n). As shown by [Bressoud, p. 12]: 1/6 * [1*24 + 5*13 + 10*6 + 21*3 + 26*1 + 50*1] = 288/6 = 48. - Gary W. Adamson, Jun 13 2009
Convolved with the aerated version (1, 0, 1, 0, 3, 0, 6, 0, 13, ...) = A026007: (1, 1, 2, 5, 8, 16, 28, 49, 83, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Jun 13 2009
Starting with offset 1 = row sums of triangle A162453. - Gary W. Adamson, Jul 03 2009
Unfortunately, Wright's formula is also incomplete in the paper by G. Almkvist: "Asymptotic formulas and generalized Dedekind sums", p. 344, (the denominator should have sqrt(3*Pi) not sqrt(Pi)). This error was already corrected in the paper by Steven Finch: "Integer Partitions". - Vaclav Kotesovec, Aug 17 2015
Also the number of non-isomorphic weight-n chains of multisets whose dual is also a chain of multisets. The dual of a multiset partition has, for each vertex, one block consisting of the indices (or positions) of the blocks containing that vertex, counted with multiplicity. The weight of a multiset partition is the sum of sizes of its parts. - Gus Wiseman, Sep 25 2018

Examples

			A planar partition of 13:
  4 3 1 1
  2 1
  1
a(5) = (1/5!)*(sigma_2(1)^5+10*sigma_2(2)*sigma_2(1)^3+20*sigma_2(3)*sigma_2(1)^2+ 15*sigma_2(1)*sigma_2(2)^2+30*sigma_2(4)*sigma_2(1)+20*sigma_2(2)*sigma_2(3)+24*sigma_2(5)) = 24. - _Vladeta Jovovic_, Jan 10 2003
From _David Scambler_ and _Joerg Arndt_, May 01 2013: (Start)
There are a(4) = 13 partitions of 4 objects of 2 colors ('b' and 'w'), each part containing at least one black object:
1 black part:
  [ bwww ]
2 black parts:
  [ bbww ]
  [ bww, b ]
  [ bw, bw ]
3 black parts:
  [ bbbw ]
  [ bbw, b ]
  [ bb, bw ]
(but not: [bw, bb ] )
  [ bw, b, b ]
4 black parts:
  [ bbbb ]
  [ bbb, b ]
  [ bb, bb ]
  [ bb, b, b ]
  [ b, b, b, b ]
(End)
From _Geoffrey Critzer_, Nov 29 2014: (Start)
The corresponding partitions of the integer 4 are:
  4'''
  4''
  3'' + 1
  2' + 2'
  4'
  3' + 1
  2 + 2'
  2' + 1 + 1
  4
  3 + 1
  2 + 2
  2 + 1 + 1
  1 + 1 + 1 + 1.
(End)
From _Gus Wiseman_, Sep 25 2018: (Start)
Non-isomorphic representatives of the a(4) = 13 chains of multisets whose dual is also a chain of multisets:
  {{1,1,1,1}}
  {{1,1,2,2}}
  {{1,2,2,2}}
  {{1,2,3,3}}
  {{1,2,3,4}}
  {{1},{1,1,1}}
  {{2},{1,2,2}}
  {{3},{1,2,3}}
  {{1,1},{1,1}}
  {{1,2},{1,2}}
  {{1},{1},{1,1}}
  {{2},{2},{1,2}}
  {{1},{1},{1},{1}}
(End)
G.f. = 1 + x + 3*x^2 + 6*x^3 + 13*x^4 + 24*x^5 + 48*x^6 + 86*x^7 + 160*x^8 + ...
		

References

  • G. Almkvist, The differences of the number of plane partitions, Manuscript, circa 1991.
  • G. E. Andrews, The Theory of Partitions, Addison-Wesley, 1976, p. 241.
  • D. M. Bressoud, Proofs and Confirmations, Camb. Univ. Press, 1999; pp(n) on p. 10.
  • Miklos Bona, editor, Handbook of Enumerative Combinatorics, CRC Press, 2015, page 575.
  • L. Carlitz, Generating functions and partition problems, pp. 144-169 of A. L. Whiteman, ed., Theory of Numbers, Proc. Sympos. Pure Math., 8 (1965). Amer. Math. Soc., see p. 145, eq. (1.6).
  • I. P. Goulden and D. M. Jackson, Combinatorial Enumeration, Wiley, N.Y., 1983, (5.4.5).
  • P. A. MacMahon, Memoir on the theory of partitions of numbers - Part VI, Phil. Trans. Royal Soc., 211 (1912), 345-373.
  • P. A. MacMahon, Combinatory Analysis. Cambridge Univ. Press, London and New York, Vol. 1, 1915 and Vol. 2, 1916; see vol. 2, p 332.
  • P. A. MacMahon, The connexion between the sum of the squares of the divisors and the number of partitions of a given number, Messenger Math., 54 (1924), 113-116. Collected Papers, MIT Press, 1978, Vol. I, pp. 1364-1367. See Table II. - N. J. A. Sloane, May 21 2014
  • N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
  • N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Crossrefs

Differences: A191659, A191660, A191661.
Row sums of A089353 and A091438 and A091298.
Column k=1 of A144048. - Alois P. Heinz, Nov 02 2012
Sequences "number of r-line partitions": A000041 (r=1), A000990 (r=2), A000991 (r=3), A002799 (r=4), A001452 (r=5), A225196 (r=6), A225197 (r=7), A225198 (r=8), A225199 (r=9).

Programs

  • Julia
    using Nemo, Memoize
    @memoize function a(n)
        if n == 0 return 1 end
        s = sum(a(n - j) * divisor_sigma(j, 2) for j in 1:n)
        return div(s, n)
    end
    [a(n) for n in 0:20] # Peter Luschny, May 03 2020
    
  • Maple
    series(mul((1-x^k)^(-k),k=1..64),x,63);
    # second Maple program:
    a:= proc(n) option remember; `if`(n=0, 1, add(
          a(n-j)*numtheory[sigma][2](j), j=1..n)/n)
        end:
    seq(a(n), n=0..50);  # Alois P. Heinz, Aug 17 2015
  • Mathematica
    CoefficientList[Series[Product[(1 - x^k)^-k, {k, 64}], {x, 0, 64}], x]
    Zeta[3]^(7/36)/2^(11/36)/Sqrt[3 Pi]/Glaisher E^(3 Zeta[3]^(1/3) (n/2)^(2/3) + 1/12)/n^(25/36) (* asymptotic formula after Wright; Vaclav Kotesovec, Jun 23 2014 *)
    a[0] = 1; a[n_] := a[n] = Sum[a[n - j] DivisorSigma[2, j], {j, n}]/n; Table[a[n], {n, 0, 50}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Sep 21 2015, after Alois P. Heinz *)
    CoefficientList[Series[Exp[Sum[DivisorSigma[2, n] x^n/n, {n, 50}]], {x, 0, 50}], x] (* Eric W. Weisstein, Feb 01 2018 *)
  • PARI
    {a(n) = if( n<0, 0, polcoeff( exp( sum( k=1, n, x^k / (1 - x^k)^2 / k, x * O(x^n))), n))}; /* Michael Somos, Jan 29 2005 */
    
  • PARI
    {a(n) = if( n<0, 0, polcoeff( prod( k=1, n, (1 - x^k + x * O(x^n))^-k), n))}; /* Michael Somos, Jan 29 2005 */
    
  • PARI
    my(N=66, x='x+O('x^N)); Vec( prod(n=1,N, (1-x^n)^-n) ) \\ Joerg Arndt, Mar 25 2014
    
  • PARI
    A000219(n)=#PlanePartitions(n) \\ See A091298 for PlanePartitions(). For illustrative use: much slower than the above. - M. F. Hasler, Sep 24 2018
    
  • Python
    from sympy import cacheit
    from sympy.ntheory import divisor_sigma
    @cacheit
    def A000219(n):
        if n <= 1:
            return 1
        return sum(A000219(n - k) * divisor_sigma(k, 2) for k in range(1, n + 1)) // n
    print([A000219(n) for n in range(20)])
    # R. J. Mathar, Oct 18 2009
    
  • SageMath
    # uses[EulerTransform from A166861]
    b = EulerTransform(lambda n: n)
    print([b(n) for n in range(37)]) # Peter Luschny, Nov 11 2020

Formula

G.f.: Product_{k >= 1} 1/(1 - x^k)^k. - MacMahon, 1912.
Euler transform of sequence [1, 2, 3, ...].
a(n) ~ (c_2 / n^(25/36)) * exp( c_1 * n^(2/3) ), where c_1 = A249387 = 2.00945... and c_2 = A249386 = 0.23151... - Wright, 1931. Corrected Jun 01 2010 by Rod Canfield - see Mutafchiev and Kamenov. The exact value of c_2 is e^(2c)*2^(-11/36)*zeta(3)^(7/36)*(3*Pi)^(-1/2), where c = Integral_{y=0..inf} (y*log(y)/(e^(2*Pi*y)-1))dy = (1/2)*zeta'(-1).
The exact value of c_1 is 3*2^(-2/3)*Zeta(3)^(1/3) = 2.0094456608770137530649... - Vaclav Kotesovec, Sep 14 2014
a(n) = (1/n) * Sum_{k=1..n} a(n-k)*sigma_2(k), n > 0, a(0)=1, where sigma_2(n) = A001157(n) = sum of squares of divisors of n. - Vladeta Jovovic, Jan 20 2002
G.f.: exp(Sum_{n>0} sigma_2(n)*x^n/n). a(n) = Sum_{pi} Product_{i=1..n} binomial(k(i)+i-1, k(i)) where pi runs through all nonnegative solutions of k(1)+2*k(2)+..+n*k(n)=n. - Vladeta Jovovic, Jan 10 2003
From Vaclav Kotesovec, Nov 07 2016: (Start)
More precise asymptotics: a(n) ~ Zeta(3)^(7/36) * exp(3 * Zeta(3)^(1/3) * (n/2)^(2/3) + 1/12) / (A * sqrt(3*Pi) * 2^(11/36) * n^(25/36))
* (1 + c1/n^(2/3) + c2/n^(4/3) + c3/n^2), where
c1 = -0.23994424421250649114273759... = -277/(864*(2*Zeta(3))^(1/3)) - Zeta(3)^(2/3)/(1440*2^(1/3))
c2 = -0.02576771365117401620018082... = 353*Zeta(3)^(1/3)/(248832*2^(2/3)) - 17*Zeta(3)^(4/3)/(3225600*2^(2/3)) - 71575/(1492992*(2*Zeta(3))^(2/3))
c3 = -0.00533195302658826100834286... = -629557/859963392 - 42944125/(7739670528*Zeta(3)) + 14977*Zeta(3)/1114767360 - 22567*Zeta(3)^2/250822656000
and A = A074962 is the Glaisher-Kinkelin constant.
(End)

Extensions

Corrected by N. J. A. Sloane, Jul 29 2006
Minor edits by Vaclav Kotesovec, Oct 27 2014

A093883 Product of all possible sums of two distinct numbers taken from among first n natural numbers.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 60, 12600, 38102400, 2112397056000, 2609908810629120000, 84645606509847871488000000, 82967862872337478796810649600000000, 2781259372192376861719959017613164544000000000
Offset: 1

Views

Author

Amarnath Murthy, Apr 22 2004

Keywords

Comments

From Clark Kimberling, Jan 02 2013: (Start)
Each term divides its successor, as in A006963, and by the corresponding superfactorial, A000178(n), as in A203469.
Abbreviate "Vandermonde" as V. The V permanent of a set S={s(1),s(2),...,s(n)} is a product of sums s(j)+s(k) in analogy to the V determinant as a product of differences s(k)-s(j). Let D(n) and P(n) denote the V determinant and V permanent of S, and E(n) the V determinant of the numbers s(1)^2, s(2)^2, ..., s(n)^2; then P(n) = E(n)/D(n). This is one of many divisibility properties associated with V determinants and permanents. Another is that if S consists of distinct positive integers, then D(n) divides D(n+1) and P(n) divides P(n+1).
Guide to related sequences:
...
s(n).............. D(n)....... P(n)
n................. A000178.... (this)
n+1............... A000178.... A203470
n+2............... A000178.... A203472
n^2............... A202768.... A203475
2^(n-1)........... A203303.... A203477
2^n-1............. A203305.... A203479
n!................ A203306.... A203482
n(n+1)/2.......... A203309.... A203511
Fibonacci(n+1).... A203311.... A203518
prime(n).......... A080358.... A203521
odd prime(n)...... A203315.... A203524
nonprime(n)....... A203415.... A203527
composite(n)...... A203418.... A203530
2n-1.............. A108400.... A203516
n+floor(n/2)...... A203430
n+floor[(n+1)/2].. A203433
1/n............... A203421
1/(n+1)........... A203422
1/(2n)............ A203424
1/(2n+2).......... A203426
1/(3n)............ A203428
Generalizing, suppose that f(x,y) is a function of two variables and S=(s(1),s(2),...s(n)). The phrase, "Vandermonde sequence using f(x,y) applied to S" means the sequence a(n) whose n-th term is the product f(s(j,k)) : 1<=j
...
If f(x,y) is a (bivariate) cyclotomic polynomial and S is a strictly increasing sequence of positive integers, then a(n) consists of integers, each of which divides its successor. Guide to sequences for which f(x,y) is x^2+xy+y^2 or x^2-xy+y^2 or x^2+y^2:
...
s(n) ............ x^2+xy+y^2.. x^2-xy+y^2.. x^2+y^2
n ............... A203012..... A203312..... A203475
n+1 ............. A203581..... A203583..... A203585
2n-1 ............ A203514..... A203587..... A203589
n^2 ............. A203673..... A203675..... A203677
2^(n-1) ......... A203679..... A203681..... A203683
n! .............. A203685..... A203687..... A203689
n(n+1)/2 ........ A203691..... A203693..... A203695
Fibonacci(n) .... A203742..... A203744..... A203746
Fibonacci(n+1) .. A203697..... A203699..... A203701
prime(n) ........ A203703..... A203705..... A203707
floor(n/2) ...... A203748..... A203752..... A203773
floor((n+1)/2) .. A203759..... A203763..... A203766
For f(x,y)=x^4+y^4, see A203755 and A203770. (End)

Examples

			a(4) = (1+2)*(1+3)*(1+4)*(2+3)*(2+4)*(3+4) = 12600.
		

References

  • Amarnath Murthy, Another combinatorial approach towards generalizing the AM-GM inequality, Octagon Mathematical Magazine, Vol. 8, No. 2, October 2000.
  • Amarnath Murthy, Smarandache Dual Symmetric Functions And Corresponding Numbers Of The Type Of Stirling Numbers Of The First Kind. Smarandache Notions Journal, Vol. 11, No. 1-2-3 Spring 2000.

Crossrefs

Programs

  • Maple
    a:= n-> mul(mul(i+j, i=1..j-1), j=2..n):
    seq(a(n), n=1..12);  # Alois P. Heinz, Jul 23 2017
  • Mathematica
    f[n_] := Product[(j + k), {k, 2, n}, {j, 1, k - 1}]; Array[f, 10] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Jan 08 2013 *)
  • PARI
    A093883(n)=prod(i=1,n,(2*i-1)!/i!)  \\ M. F. Hasler, Nov 02 2012

Formula

Partial products of A006963: a(n) = Product((2*i-1)!/i!, i=1..n). - Vladeta Jovovic, May 27 2004
G.f.: G(0)/(2*x) -1/x, where G(k)= 1 + 1/(1 - 1/(1 + 1/((2*k+1)!/(k+1)!)/x/G(k+1))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jun 15 2013
a(n) ~ sqrt(A/Pi) * 2^(n^2 + n/2 - 7/24) * exp(-3*n^2/4 + n/2 - 1/24) * n^(n^2/2 - n/2 - 11/24), where A is the Glaisher-Kinkelin constant A074962. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 26 2019

Extensions

More terms from Vladeta Jovovic, May 27 2004

A002109 Hyperfactorials: Product_{k = 1..n} k^k.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 4, 108, 27648, 86400000, 4031078400000, 3319766398771200000, 55696437941726556979200000, 21577941222941856209168026828800000, 215779412229418562091680268288000000000000000, 61564384586635053951550731889313964883968000000000000000
Offset: 0

Keywords

Comments

A054374 gives the discriminants of the Hermite polynomials in the conventional (physicists') normalization, and A002109 (this sequence) gives the discriminants of the Hermite polynomials in the (in my opinion more natural) probabilists' normalization. See refs Wikipedia and Szego, eq. (6.71.7). - Alan Sokal, Mar 02 2012
a(n) = (-1)^n/det(M_n) where M_n is the n X n matrix m(i,j) = (-1)^i/i^j. - Benoit Cloitre, May 28 2002
a(n) = determinant of the n X n matrix M(n) where m(i,j) = B(n,i,j) and B(n,i,x) denote the Bernstein polynomial: B(n,i,x) = binomial(n,i)*(1-x)^(n-i)*x^i. - Benoit Cloitre, Feb 02 2003
Partial products of A000312. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jul 07 2012
Number of trailing zeros (A246839) increases every 5 terms since the exponent of the factor 5 increases every 5 terms and the exponent of the factor 2 increases every 2 terms. - Chai Wah Wu, Sep 03 2014
Also the number of minimum distinguishing labelings in the n-triangular honeycomb rook graph. - Eric W. Weisstein, Jul 14 2017
Also shows up in a term in the solution to the generalized version of Raabe's integral. - Jibran Iqbal Shah, Apr 24 2021

References

  • Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants, Cambridge, 2003, pp. 135-145.
  • A. Fletcher, J. C. P. Miller, L. Rosenhead and L. J. Comrie, An Index of Mathematical Tables. Vols. 1 and 2, 2nd ed., Blackwell, Oxford and Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1962, Vol. 1, p. 50.
  • R. L. Graham, D. E. Knuth and O. Patashnik, Concrete Mathematics. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1990, p. 477.
  • N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
  • N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
  • G. Szego, Orthogonal Polynomials, American Mathematical Society, 1981 edition, 432 Pages.

Crossrefs

Cf. A074962 [Glaisher-Kinkelin constant, also gives an asymptotic approximation for the hyperfactorials].
Cf. A246839 (trailing 0's).
Cf. A261175 (number of digits).

Programs

  • Haskell
    a002109 n = a002109_list !! n
    a002109_list = scanl1 (*) a000312_list  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jul 07 2012
    
  • Maple
    f := proc(n) local k; mul(k^k,k=1..n); end;
    A002109 := n -> exp(Zeta(1,-1,n+1)-Zeta(1,-1));
    seq(simplify(A002109(n)),n=0..11); # Peter Luschny, Jun 23 2012
  • Mathematica
    Table[Hyperfactorial[n], {n, 0, 11}] (* Zerinvary Lajos, Jul 10 2009 *)
    Hyperfactorial[Range[0, 11]] (* Eric W. Weisstein, Jul 14 2017 *)
    Join[{1},FoldList[Times,#^#&/@Range[15]]] (* Harvey P. Dale, Nov 02 2023 *)
  • PARI
    a(n)=prod(k=2,n,k^k) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 12 2012
    
  • PARI
    a(n)=polcoeff(1-sum(k=0, n-1, a(k)*x^k/prod(j=1,k+1,(1+j^j*x+x*O(x^n)) )), n) \\ Paul D. Hanna, Oct 02 2013
    
  • Python
    A002109 = [1]
    for n in range(1, 10):
        A002109.append(A002109[-1]*n**n) # Chai Wah Wu, Sep 03 2014
    
  • Sage
    a = lambda n: prod(falling_factorial(n,k) for k in (1..n))
    [a(n) for n in (0..10)]  # Peter Luschny, Nov 29 2015

Formula

a(n)*A000178(n-1) = (n!)^n = A036740(n) for n >= 1.
Determinant of n X n matrix m(i, j) = binomial(i*j, i). - Benoit Cloitre, Aug 27 2003
a(n) = exp(zeta'(-1, n + 1) - zeta'(-1)) where zeta(s, z) is the Hurwitz zeta function. - Peter Luschny, Jun 23 2012
G.f.: 1 = Sum_{n>=0} a(n)*x^n / Product_{k=1..n+1} (1 + k^k*x). - Paul D. Hanna, Oct 02 2013
a(n) = A240993(n) / A000142(n+1). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 31 2014
a(n) ~ A * n^(n*(n+1)/2 + 1/12) / exp(n^2/4), where A = 1.2824271291006226368753425... is the Glaisher-Kinkelin constant (see A074962). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Feb 20 2015
a(n) = Product_{k=1..n} ff(n,k) where ff denotes the falling factorial. - Peter Luschny, Nov 29 2015
log a(n) = (1/2) n^2 log n - (1/4) n^2 + (1/2) n log n + (1/12) log n + log(A) + o(1), where log(A) = A225746 is the logarithm of Glaisher's constant. - Charles R Greathouse IV, Mar 27 2020
From Amiram Eldar, Apr 30 2023: (Start)
Sum_{n>=1} 1/a(n) = A347345.
Sum_{n>=1} (-1)^(n+1)/a(n) = A347352. (End)
From Andrea Pinos, Apr 04 2024: (Start)
a(n) = e^(Integral_{x=1..n+1} (x - 1/2 - log(sqrt(2*Pi)) + (n+1-x)*Psi(x)) dx), where Psi(x) is the digamma function.
a(n) = e^(Integral_{x=1..n} (x + 1/2 - log(sqrt(2*Pi)) + log(Gamma(x+1))) dx). (End)
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