A006368 -id:A006368 - cp's OEIS frontend

A223087 Trajectory of 80 under the map n-> A006368(n).

80, 120, 180, 270, 405, 304, 456, 684, 1026, 1539, 1154, 1731, 1298, 1947, 1460, 2190, 3285, 2464, 3696, 5544, 8316, 12474, 18711, 14033, 10525, 7894, 11841, 8881, 6661, 4996, 7494, 11241, 8431, 6323, 4742, 7113, 5335, 4001, 3001, 2251, 1688, 2532, 3798, 5697

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 22 2013

nonn

It is conjectured that this trajectory does not close on itself.

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
J. H. Conway, On unsettleable arithmetical problems, Amer. Math. Monthly, 120 (2013), 192-198.

Cf. A006369, A006368, A182205.

Trajectories under A006368 and A006369: A180853, A217218, A185590, A180864, A028393, A028394, A094328, A094329, A028396, A028395, A217729, A182205, A223083-A223088, A185589, A185590.

f:=n-> if n mod 2 = 0 then 3*n/2 elif n mod 4 = 1 then (3*n+1)/4 else (3*n-1)/4; fi;
t1:=[80];
for n from 1 to 100 do t1:=[op(t1),f(t1[nops(t1)])]; od:
t1;

t = {80}; While[n = t[[-1]]; s = If[EvenQ[n], 3*n/2, Round[3*n/4]]; Length[t] < 100 && ! MemberQ[t, s], AppendTo[t, s]]; t (* T. D. Noe, Mar 22 2013 *)
SubstitutionSystem[{n_ :> If[EvenQ[n], 3n/2, Round[3n/4]]}, {80}, 100] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Mar 01 2019 *)

A006370 The Collatz or 3x+1 map: a(n) = n/2 if n is even, 3n + 1 if n is odd.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 4, 1, 10, 2, 16, 3, 22, 4, 28, 5, 34, 6, 40, 7, 46, 8, 52, 9, 58, 10, 64, 11, 70, 12, 76, 13, 82, 14, 88, 15, 94, 16, 100, 17, 106, 18, 112, 19, 118, 20, 124, 21, 130, 22, 136, 23, 142, 24, 148, 25, 154, 26, 160, 27, 166, 28, 172, 29, 178, 30, 184, 31, 190, 32, 196, 33

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

The 3x+1 or Collatz problem is as follows: start with any number n. If n is even, divide it by 2, otherwise multiply it by 3 and add 1. Do we always reach 1? This is an unsolved problem. It is conjectured that the answer is yes.
The Krasikov-Lagarias paper shows that at least N^0.84 of the positive numbers < N fall into the 4-2-1 cycle of the 3x+1 problem. This is far short of what we think is true, that all positive numbers fall into this cycle, but it is a step. - Richard C. Schroeppel, May 01 2002
Also A001477 and A016957 interleaved. - Omar E. Pol, Jan 16 2014, updated Nov 07 2017
a(n) is the image of a(2*n) under the 3*x+1 map. - L. Edson Jeffery, Aug 17 2014
The positions of powers of 2 in this sequence are given in A160967. - Federico Provvedi, Oct 06 2021
If displayed as a rectangular array with six columns, the columns are A008585, A350521, A016777, A082286, A016789, A350522 (see example). - Omar E. Pol, Jan 03 2022

			G.f. = 4*x + x^2 + 10*x^3 + 2*x^4 + 16*x^5 + 3*x^6 + 22*x^7 + 4*x^8 + 28*x^9 + ...
From _Omar E. Pol_, Jan 03 2022: (Start)
Written as a rectangular array with six columns read by rows the sequence begins:
   0,   4,  1,  10,  2,  16;
   3,  22,  4,  28,  5,  34;
   6,  40,  7,  46,  8,  52;
   9,  58, 10,  64, 11,  70;
  12,  76, 13,  82, 14,  88;
  15,  94, 16, 100, 17, 106;
  18, 112, 19, 118, 20, 124;
  21, 130, 22, 136, 23, 142;
  24, 148, 25, 154, 26, 160;
  27, 166, 28, 172, 29, 178;
  30, 184, 31, 190, 32, 196;
...
(End)

R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, E16.
J. C. Lagarias, ed., The Ultimate Challenge: The 3x+1 Problem, Amer. Math. Soc., 2010.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
Darrell Cox, The 3n + 1 Problem: A Probabilistic Approach, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 15 (2012), #12.5.2.
David Eisenbud and Brady Haran, UNCRACKABLE? The Collatz Conjecture, Numberphile Video, 2016.
I. Krasikov and J. C. Lagarias, Bounds for the 3x+1 Problem using Difference Inequalities, arXiv:math/0205002 [math.NT], 2002.
J. C. Lagarias, The 3x+1 problem and its generalizations, Amer. Math. Monthly, 92 (1985), 3-23.
J. C. Lagarias, The set of rational cycles for the 3x+1 problem, Acta Arithmetica, LVI (1990), pp. 33-53.
J. C. Lagarias, The 3x+1 Problem: An Annotated Bibliography (1963-2000), arXiv:math/0309224 [math.NT], 2003-2011.
J. C. Lagarias, The 3x+1 Problem: an annotated bibliography, II (2000-2009), arXiv:math/0608208 [math.NT], 2006-2012.
Jeffrey C. Lagarias, The 3x+1 Problem: An Overview, arXiv:2111.02635 [math.NT], 2021.
Simon Plouffe, Approximations de séries génératrices et quelques conjectures, Dissertation, Université du Québec à Montréal, 1992; arXiv:0911.4975 [math.NT], 2009.
Simon Plouffe, 1031 Generating Functions, Appendix to Thesis, Montreal, 1992.
E. Roosendaal, On the 3x+1 problem.
S. Schreiber & N. J. A. Sloane, Correspondence, 1980.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Collatz Problem.
Wikipedia, Collatz conjecture.
Index entries for sequences related to 3x+1 (or Collatz) problem
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0,2,0,-1).

Cf. A139391, A016945, A005408, A016825, A082286, A070165.
A006577 gives number of steps to reach 1.
Cf. A001281, A047374.
Column k=1 of A347270, n >= 1.

a006370 n | m /= 0    = 3 * n + 1
          | otherwise = n' where (n',m) = divMod n 2
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Oct 07 2011

[(1/4)*(7*n+2-(-1)^n*(5*n+2)): n in [1..70]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Dec 20 2016

f := n-> if n mod 2 = 0 then n/2 else 3*n+1; fi;
A006370:=(4+z+2*z**2)/(z-1)**2/(1+z)**2; # Simon Plouffe in his 1992 dissertation; uses offset 0

f[n_]:=If[EvenQ[n],n/2,3n+1];Table[f[n],{n,50}] (* Geoffrey Critzer, Jun 29 2013 *)
LinearRecurrence[{0,2,0,-1},{4,1,10,2},70] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 19 2016 *)

for(n=1,100,print1((1/4)*(7*n+2-(-1)^n*(5*n+2)),","))

A006370(n)=if(n%2,3*n+1,n/2) \\ Michael B. Porter, May 29 2010

def A006370(n):
    q, r = divmod(n, 2)
    return 3*n+1 if r else q # Chai Wah Wu, Jan 04 2015

G.f.: (4*x+x^2+2*x^3) / (1-x^2)^2.
a(n) = (1/4)*(7*n+2-(-1)^n*(5*n+2)). - Benoit Cloitre, May 12 2002
a(n) = ((n mod 2)*2 + 1)*n/(2 - (n mod 2)) + (n mod 2). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Sep 12 2002
a(n) = A014682(n+1) * A000034(n). - R. J. Mathar, Mar 09 2009
a(n) = a(a(2*n)) = -A001281(-n) for all n in Z. - Michael Somos, Nov 10 2016
E.g.f.: (2 + x)*sinh(x)/2 + 3*x*cosh(x). - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Dec 20 2016
From Federico Provvedi, Aug 17 2021: (Start)
Dirichlet g.f.: (1-2^(-s))*zeta(s) + (3-5*2^(-s))*zeta(s-1).
a(n) = ( a(n+2k) + a(n-2k) ) / 2, for every integer k. (End)
a(n) + a(n+1) = A047374(n+1). - Leo Ortega, Aug 22 2025

More terms from Larry Reeves (larryr(AT)acm.org), Apr 27 2001

Zero prepended and new Name from N. J. A. Sloane at the suggestion of M. F. Hasler, Nov 06 2017

A005651 Sum of multinomial coefficients (n_1+n_2+...)!/(n_1!n_2!...) where (n_1, n_2, ...) runs over all integer partitions of n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 3, 10, 47, 246, 1602, 11481, 95503, 871030, 8879558, 98329551, 1191578522, 15543026747, 218668538441, 3285749117475, 52700813279423, 896697825211142, 16160442591627990, 307183340680888755, 6147451460222703502, 129125045333789172825, 2841626597871149750951

Offset: 0

Simon Plouffe

This is the total number of hierarchies of n labeled elements arranged on 1 to n levels. A distribution of elements onto levels is "hierarchical" if a level l+1 contains <= elements than level l. Thus for n=4 the arrangement {1,2}:{3}{4} is not allowed. See also A140585. Examples: Let the colon ":" separate two consecutive levels l and l+1. Then n=2 --> 3: {1}{2}, {1}:{2}, {2}:{1}, n=3 --> 10: {1}{2}{3}, {1}{2}:{3}, {3}{1}:{2}, {2}{3}:{1}, {1}:{2}:{3}, {3}:{1}:{2}, {2}:{3}:{1}, {1}:{3}:{2}, {2}:{1}:{3}, {3}:{2}:{1}. - Thomas Wieder, May 17 2008
n identical objects are painted by dipping them into a long row of cans of paint of distinct colors. Begining with the first can and not skipping any cans k, 1<=k<=n, objects are dipped (painted) and not more objects are dipped into any subsequent can than were dipped into the previous can. The painted objects are then linearly ordered. - Geoffrey Critzer, Jun 08 2009
a(n) is the number of partitions of n where each part i is marked with a word of length i over an n-ary alphabet whose letters appear in alphabetical order and all n letters occur exactly once in the partition. a(3) = 10: 3abc, 2ab1c, 2ac1b, 2bc1a, 1a1b1c, 1a1c1b, 1b1a1c, 1b1c1a, 1c1a1b, 1c1b1a. - Alois P. Heinz, Aug 30 2015
Also the number of ordered set partitions of {1,...,n} with weakly decreasing block sizes. - Gus Wiseman, Sep 03 2018
The parity of a(n) is that of A000110(A000120(n)), so a(n) is even if and only if A000120(n) == 2 (mod 3). - Álvar Ibeas, Aug 11 2020

			For n=3, say the first three cans in the row contain red, white, and blue paint respectively. The objects can be painted r,r,r or r,r,w or r,w,b and then linearly ordered in 1 + 3 + 6 = 10 ways. - _Geoffrey Critzer_, Jun 08 2009
From _Gus Wiseman_, Sep 03 2018: (Start)
The a(3) = 10 ordered set partitions with weakly decreasing block sizes:
  {{1},{2},{3}}
  {{1},{3},{2}}
  {{2},{1},{3}}
  {{2},{3},{1}}
  {{3},{1},{2}}
  {{3},{2},{1}}
  {{2,3},{1}}
  {{1,2},{3}}
  {{1,3},{2}}
  {{1,2,3}}
(End)

Abramowitz and Stegun, Handbook, p. 831, column labeled "M_1".
L. Comtet, Advanced Combinatorics, Reidel, 1974, p. 126.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..450 (first 101 terms from T. D. Noe)
M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, eds., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, National Bureau of Standards, Applied Math. Series 55, Tenth Printing, 1972 [alternative scanned copy].
M. E. Hoffman, Updown categories: Generating functions and universal covers, arXiv preprint arXiv:1207.1705 [math.CO], 2012.
A. Knopfmacher, A. M. Odlyzko, B. Pittel, L. B. Richmond, D. Stark, G. Szekeres, and N. C. Wormald, The Asymptotic Number of Set Partitions with Unequal Block Sizes, The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 6 (1999), R2.
S. Schreiber & N. J. A. Sloane, Correspondence, 1980.

Main diagonal of: A226873, A261719, A309973.
Row sums of: A226874, A262071, A327803.
Column k=1 of A309951.
Column k=0 of A327801.
Cf. A000041, A000110, A000258, A000670, A007837, A008277, A008480, A036038, A140585, A178682, A212855, A247551, A300335, A318762.

A005651b := proc(k) add( d/(d!)^(k/d),d=numtheory[divisors](k)) ; end proc:
A005651 := proc(n) option remember; local k ; if n <= 1 then 1; else (n-1)!*add(A005651b(k)*procname(n-k)/(n-k)!, k=1..n) ; end if; end proc:
seq(A005651(k), k=0..10) ; # R. J. Mathar, Jan 03 2011
# second Maple program:
b:= proc(n, i) option remember; `if`(n=0 or i=1, n!,
      b(n, i-1) +binomial(n, i)*b(n-i, min(n-i, i)))
    end:
a:= n-> b(n$2):
seq(a(n), n=0..25);  # Alois P. Heinz, Aug 29 2015, Dec 12 2016

Table[Total[n!/Map[Function[n, Apply[Times, n! ]], IntegerPartitions[n]]], {n, 0, 20}] (* Geoffrey Critzer, Jun 08 2009 *)
Table[Total[Apply[Multinomial, IntegerPartitions[n], {1}]], {n, 0, 20}] (* Jean-François Alcover and Olivier Gérard, Sep 11 2014 *)
b[n_, i_, t_] := b[n, i, t] = If[t==1, 1/n!, Sum[b[n-j, j, t-1]/j!, {j, i, n/t}]]; a[n_] := If[n==0, 1, n!*b[n, 0, n]]; Table[a[n], {n, 0, 25}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Nov 20 2015, after Alois P. Heinz *)

a(m,n):=if n=m then 1 else sum(binomial(n,k)*a(k,n-k),k,m,(n/2))+1;
makelist(a(1,n),n,0,17); /* Vladimir Kruchinin, Sep 06 2014 */

a(n)=my(N=n!,s);forpart(x=n,s+=N/prod(i=1,#x,x[i]!));s \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, May 01 2015

{ my(n=25); Vec(serlaplace(prod(k=1, n, 1/(1-x^k/k!) + O(x*x^n)))) } \\ Andrew Howroyd, Dec 20 2017

E.g.f.: 1 / Product (1 - x^k/k!).
a(n) = Sum_{k=1..n} (n-1)!/(n-k)!*b(k)*a(n-k), where b(k) = Sum_{d divides k} d*d!^(-k/d). - Vladeta Jovovic, Oct 14 2002
a(n) ~ c * n!, where c = Product_{k>=2} 1/(1-1/k!) = A247551 = 2.52947747207915264... . - Vaclav Kotesovec, May 09 2014
a(n) = S(n,1), where S(n,m) = sum(k=m..n/2 , binomial(n,k)*S(n-k,k))+1, S(n,n)=1, S(n,m)=0 for nVladimir Kruchinin, Sep 06 2014
E.g.f.: exp(Sum_{k>=1} Sum_{j>=1} x^(j*k)/(k*(j!)^k)). - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Jun 18 2018

More terms from Antonio G. Astudillo (afg_astudillo(AT)lycos.com), Mar 29 2003

A005728 Number of fractions in Farey series of order n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 19, 23, 29, 33, 43, 47, 59, 65, 73, 81, 97, 103, 121, 129, 141, 151, 173, 181, 201, 213, 231, 243, 271, 279, 309, 325, 345, 361, 385, 397, 433, 451, 475, 491, 531, 543, 585, 605, 629, 651, 697, 713, 755, 775, 807, 831, 883, 901, 941, 965

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

Sometimes called Phi(n).
Leo Moser found an interesting way to generate this sequence, see Gardner.
a(n) is a prime number for nine consecutive values of n: n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. - Altug Alkan, Sep 26 2015
Named after the English geologist and writer John Farey, Sr. (1766-1826). - Amiram Eldar, Jun 17 2021

			a(5)=11 because the fractions are 0/1, 1/5, 1/4, 1/3, 2/5, 1/2, 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 1/1.

Martin Gardner, The Last Recreations, 1997, chapter 12.
Ronald L. Graham, Donald E. Knuth and Oren Patashnik, Concrete Mathematics, a foundation for computer science, Chapter 4.5 - Relative Primality, pages 118 - 120 and Chapter 9 - Asymptotics, Problem 6, pages 448 - 449, Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Reading, Mass., 1989.
William Judson LeVeque, Topics in Number Theory, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 2 vols., 1956, Vol. 1, p. 154.
Andrey O. Matveev, Farey Sequences, De Gruyter, 2017, Table 1.7.
Leo Moser, Solution to Problem P42, Canadian Mathematical Bulletin, Vol. 5, No. 3 (1962), pp. 312-313.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Antoine Mathys, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..20000 (terms 0 to 1000 from T. D. Noe)
Richard K. Guy, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, 1986.
Richard K. Guy, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, 1987.
Richard K. Guy, The strong law of small numbers. Amer. Math. Monthly, Vol. 95, No. 8 (1988), pp. 697-712.
Richard K. Guy, The strong law of small numbers. Amer. Math. Monthly, Vol. 95, No. 8 (1988), pp. 697-712. [Annotated scanned copy]
Brady Haran and Grant Sanderson, Prime Pyramid (with 3Blue1Brown), Numberphile video (2022).
Sameen Ahmed Khan, Mathematica notebook.
Sameen Ahmed Khan, How Many Equivalent Resistances?, RESONANCE, May 2012.
Sameen Ahmed Khan, Farey sequences and resistor networks, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Math. Sci.), Vol. 122, No. 2 (May 2012), pp. 153-162.
Sameen Ahmed Khan, Beginning to count the number of equivalent resistances, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 9, No. 44 (2016), pp. 1-7.
Andrey O. Matveev, Farey Sequences: Errata + Haskell code
Shmuel Schreiber and N. J. A. Sloane, Correspondence, 1980.
N. J. A. Sloane, Families of Essentially Identical Sequences, Mar 24 2021. (Includes this sequence)
Vladimir Sukhoy and Alexander Stoytchev, Numerical error analysis of the ICZT algorithm for chirp contours on the unit circle, Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Article No. 4852 (2020).
Vladimir Sukhoy and Alexander Stoytchev, Formulas and algorithms for the length of a Farey sequence, Scientific Reports, Vol. 11 (2021), Article No. 22218.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Farey Sequence.
Wikipedia, Farey sequence.

For the Farey series see A006842/A006843.
Essentially the same as A049643.
Cf. A002088, A055197, A055201.

List([0..60],n->Sum([1..n],i->Phi(i)))+1; # Muniru A Asiru, Jul 31 2018

a005728 n = a005728_list
a005728_list = scanl (+) 1 a000010_list
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 04 2012

[1] cat [n le 1 select 2 else Self(n-1)+EulerPhi(n): n in [1..60]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Sep 27 2015

A005728 := proc(n)
    1+add(numtheory[phi](i),i=1..n) ;
end proc:
seq(A005728(n),n=0..80) ; # R. J. Mathar, Nov 29 2017

Accumulate@ Array[ EulerPhi, 54, 0] + 1
f[n_] := 1 + Sum[ EulerPhi[m], {m, n}]; Array[f, 55, 0] (* or *)
f[n_] := (Sum[ MoebiusMu[m] Floor[n/m]^2, {m, n}] + 3)/2; f[0] = 1; Array[f, 55, 0] (* or *)
f[n_] := n (n + 3)/2 - Sum[f[Floor[n/m]], {m, 2, n}]; f[0] = 1; Array[f, 55, 0] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 26 2015 *)
a[n_] := If[n == 0, 1, FareySequence[n] // Length];
Table[a[n], {n, 0, 100}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 16 2022 *)

a(n)=1+sum(k=1,n,eulerphi(k)) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jun 03 2013

from functools import lru_cache
@lru_cache(maxsize=None)
def A005728(n): # based on second formula in A018805
    if n == 0:
        return 1
    c, j = -2, 2
    k1 = n//j
    while k1 > 1:
        j2 = n//k1 + 1
        c += (j2-j)*(2*A005728(k1)-3)
        j, k1 = j2, n//j2
    return (n*(n-1)-c+j)//2 # Chai Wah Wu, Mar 24 2021

a(n) = 1 + Sum_{i=1..n} phi(i).
a(n) = n*(n+3)/2 - Sum_{k=2..n} a(floor(n/k)). - David W. Wilson, May 25 2002
a(n) = a(n-1) + phi(n) with a(0) = 1. - Arkadiusz Wesolowski, Oct 13 2012
a(n) = 1 + A002088(n). - Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 26 2015

A006369 a(n) = 2n/3 for n divisible by 3, otherwise a(n) = round(4n/3). Or, equivalently, a(3n-2) = 4n-3, a(3n-1) = 4n-1, a(3n) = 2n.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 3, 2, 5, 7, 4, 9, 11, 6, 13, 15, 8, 17, 19, 10, 21, 23, 12, 25, 27, 14, 29, 31, 16, 33, 35, 18, 37, 39, 20, 41, 43, 22, 45, 47, 24, 49, 51, 26, 53, 55, 28, 57, 59, 30, 61, 63, 32, 65, 67, 34, 69, 71, 36, 73, 75, 38, 77, 79, 40, 81, 83, 42, 85, 87, 44, 89, 91, 46, 93, 95

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane and J. H. Conway

Original name was: Nearest integer to 4n/3 unless that is an integer, when 2n/3.
This function was studied by Lothar Collatz in 1932.
Fibonacci numbers lodumo_2. - Philippe Deléham, Apr 26 2009
a(n) = A006368(n) + A168223(n); A168222(n) = a(a(n)); A168221(a(n)) = A006368(n). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 20 2009
The permutation P given in A265667 is P(n) = a(n-1) + 1, for n >= 0, with a(-1) = -1. Observed by Kevin Ryde. - Wolfdieter Lang, Sep 22 2021

			G.f. = x + 3*x^2 + 2*x^3 + 5*x^4 + 7*x^5 + 4*x^6 + 9*x^7 + 11*x^8 + 6*x^9 + ...

R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, E17.
M. Klamkin, ed., Problems in Applied Mathematics: Selections from SIAM Review, SIAM, 1990; see pp. 579-581.
K. Knopp, Infinite Sequences and Series, Dover Publications, NY, 1958, p. 77.
J. C. Lagarias, ed., The Ultimate Challenge: The 3x+1 Problem, Amer. Math. Soc., 2010; see page 31 (g(n)) and page 270 (f(n)).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
J. H. Conway, On unsettleable arithmetical problems, Amer. Math. Monthly, 120 (2013), 192-198.
M. Klamkin, Proposer, An infinite permutation, Problem 63-13, SIAM Review, Vol. 8:2 (1966), 234-236.
J. C. Lagarias, The 3x+1 problem and its generalizations, Amer. Math. Monthly, 92 (1985), 3-23.
Simon Plouffe, Approximations de séries génératrices et quelques conjectures, Dissertation, Université du Québec à Montréal, 1992; arXiv:0911.4975 [math.NT], 2009.
Simon Plouffe, 1031 Generating Functions, Appendix to Thesis, Montreal, 1992.
S. Schreiber & N. J. A. Sloane, Correspondence, 1980.
Index entries for two-way infinite sequences
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0,0,2,0,0,-1).
Index entries for sequences related to 3x+1 (or Collatz) problem.
Index entries for sequences that are permutations of the natural numbers.

Inverse mapping to A006368.
Cf. A028397, A069196, A265667.
Trajectories under A006368 and A006369: A180853, A217218, A185590, A180864, A028393, A028394, A094328, A094329, A028396, A028395, A217729, A182205, A223083-A223088, A185589.

a006369 n | m > 0     = round (4 * fromIntegral n / 3)
          | otherwise = 2 * n' where (n',m) = divMod n 3
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 31 2011

A006369 := proc(n) if n mod 3 = 0 then 2*n/3 else round(4*n/3); fi; end;
f:=proc(N) if N mod 3 = 0 then 2*(N/3); elif N mod 3 = 2 then 4*((N+1)/3)-1; else 4*((N+2)/3)-3; fi; end; # N. J. A. Sloane, Feb 04 2011
A006369:=(1+z**2)*(z**2+3*z+1)/(z-1)**2/(z**2+z+1)**2; # Simon Plouffe, in his 1992 dissertation

Table[If[Divisible[n,3],(2n)/3,Floor[(4n)/3+1/2]],{n,0,80}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Nov 03 2011 *)
Table[n + Floor[(n + 1)/3] (-1)^Mod[n + 1, 3], {n, 0, 80}] (* Bruno Berselli, Dec 10 2015 *)

{a(n) = if( n%3, round(4*n / 3), 2*n / 3)}; /* Michael Somos, Oct 05 2003 */

From Michael Somos, Oct 05 2003: (Start)
G.f.: x * (1 + 3*x + 2*x^2 + 3*x^3 + x^4) / (1 - x^3)^2.
a(3*n) = 2*n, a(3*n + 1) = 4*n + 1, a(3*n - 1) = 4*n - 1, a(n) = -a(-n) for all n in Z. (End)
The map is: n -> if n mod 3 = 0 then 2*n/3 elif n mod 3 = 1 then (4*n-1)/3 else (4*n+1)/3.
a(n) = (2 - ((2*n + 1) mod 3) mod 2) * floor((2*n + 1)/3) + (2*n + 1) mod 3 - 1. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 23 2005
a(n) = lod_2(F(n)). - Philippe Deléham, Apr 26 2009
0 = 21 + a(n)*(18 + 4*a(n) - a(n+1) - 7*a(n+2)) + a(n+1)*(-a(n+2)) + a(n+2)*(-18 + 4*a(n+2)) for all n in Z. - Michael Somos, Aug 24 2014
a(n) = n + floor((n+1)/3)*(-1)^((n+1) mod 3). - Bruno Berselli, Dec 10 2015
a(n) = 2*a(n-3) - a(n-6) for n >= 6. - Werner Schulte, Mar 16 2021
Sum_{n>=1} (-1)^(n+1)/a(n) = log(sqrt(2)+2)/sqrt(2) + (1-sqrt(2)/2)*log(2)/2. - Amiram Eldar, Sep 29 2022

New name from Jon E. Schoenfield, Jul 28 2015

A094328 Iterate the map in A006369 starting at 4.

Original entry on oeis.org

4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Jun 04 2004

J. C. Lagarias, ed., The Ultimate Challenge: The 3x+1 Problem, Amer. Math. Soc., 2010; see page 270.

Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
J. C. Lagarias, The 3x+1 problem and its generalizations, Amer. Math. Monthly, 92 (1985), 3-23.
Index entries for sequences related to 3x+1 (or Collatz) problem
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0, 0, 0, 0, 1).

Cf. A006368, A028394-A028397, A094329, A185589, A185590.

a094328 n = a094328_list !! (n-1)
a094328_list = iterate a006369 4  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 31 2011

Table[{4, 5, 7, 9, 6}, {21}] // Flatten  (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 10 2013 *)
LinearRecurrence[{0, 0, 0, 0, 1},{4, 5, 7, 9, 6},105] (* Ray Chandler, Sep 03 2015 *)

a(n)=([0,1,0,0,0; 0,0,1,0,0; 0,0,0,1,0; 0,0,0,0,1; 1,0,0,0,0]^(n-1)*[4;5;7;9;6])[1,1] \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Oct 18 2022

The map is: n -> if n mod 3 = 0 then 2*n/3 elif n mod 3 = 1 then (4*n-1)/3 else (4*n+1)/3.

Periodic with period length 5.

A028394 Iterate the map in A006369 starting at 8.

Original entry on oeis.org

8, 11, 15, 10, 13, 17, 23, 31, 41, 55, 73, 97, 129, 86, 115, 153, 102, 68, 91, 121, 161, 215, 287, 383, 511, 681, 454, 605, 807, 538, 717, 478, 637, 849, 566, 755, 1007, 1343, 1791, 1194, 796, 1061, 1415, 1887, 1258, 1677, 1118, 1491, 994, 1325, 1767, 1178

Offset: 0

J. H. Conway

nonn

It is an unsolved problem to determine if this sequence is bounded or unbounded.

J. C. Lagarias, ed., The Ultimate Challenge: The 3x+1 Problem, Amer. Math. Soc., 2010; see page 270.

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
J. H. Conway, On unsettleable arithmetical problems, Amer. Math. Monthly, 120 (2013), 192-198.
D. Gale, Tracking the Automatic Ant And Other Mathematical Explorations, A Collection of Mathematical Entertainments Columns from The Mathematical Intelligencer, Springer, 1998; see p. 16.
J. C. Lagarias, The 3x+1 problem and its generalizations, Amer. Math. Monthly, 92 (1985), 3-23.
Index entries for sequences related to 3x+1 (or Collatz) problem

Cf. A006369, A028396, A094328, A094329, A185589, A185590.

Trajectories under A006368 and A006369: A180853, A217218, A185590, A180864, A028393, A028394, A094328, A094329, A028396, A028395, A217729, A182205, A223083-A223088, A185589, A185590.

a028394 n = a028394_list !! n
a028394_list = iterate a006369 8  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 31 2011

G := proc(n) option remember; if n = 0 then 8 elif 4*G(n-1) mod 3 = 0 then 2*G(n-1)/3 else round(4*G(n-1)/3); fi; end; [ seq(G(i),i=0..80) ];
f:=proc(N) local n;
if N mod 3 = 0 then 2*(N/3);
elif N mod 3 = 2 then 4*((N+1)/3)-1; else
4*((N+2)/3)-3; fi; end; # N. J. A. Sloane, Feb 04 2011

nxt[n_]:=Module[{m=Mod[n,3]},Which[m==0,(2n)/3,m==1,(4n-1)/3,True,(4n+1)/3]]; NestList[nxt,8,60] (* Harvey P. Dale, Dec 13 2013 *)
SubstitutionSystem[{n_ :> Switch[Mod[n, 3], 0, 2n/3, 1, (4n-1)/3, , (4n+1)/3 ] }, {8}, 60] // Flatten (* _Jean-François Alcover, Mar 01 2019 *)

The map is: n -> if n mod 3 = 0 then 2*n/3 elif n mod 3 = 1 then (4*n-1)/3 else (4*n+1)/3.

A094329 Iterate the map in A006369 starting at 16.

Original entry on oeis.org

16, 21, 14, 19, 25, 33, 22, 29, 39, 26, 35, 47, 63, 42, 28, 37, 49, 65, 87, 58, 77, 103, 137, 183, 122, 163, 217, 289, 385, 513, 342, 228, 152, 203, 271, 361, 481, 641, 855, 570, 380, 507, 338, 451, 601, 801, 534, 356, 475, 633, 422, 563, 751, 1001, 1335, 890, 1187, 1583

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Jun 04 2004

nonn

J. C. Lagarias, ed., The Ultimate Challenge: The 3x+1 Problem, Amer. Math. Soc., 2010; see page 270.

See A006368, A028394, A028396, A094328, A185589, A185590.

a094329 n = a094329_list !! (n-1)
a094329_list = iterate a006369 16  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 31 2011

SubstitutionSystem[{n_ :> Switch[Mod[n, 3], 0, 2n/3, 1, (4n - 1)/3, , (4n + 1)/3]}, {16}, 60] // Flatten (* _Jean-François Alcover, Mar 01 2019 *)

A185590 Iterate the map in A006369 starting at 44.

Original entry on oeis.org

44, 59, 79, 105, 70, 93, 62, 83, 111, 74, 99, 66, 44, 59, 79, 105, 70, 93, 62, 83, 111, 74, 99, 66, 44, 59, 79, 105, 70, 93, 62, 83, 111, 74, 99, 66, 44, 59, 79, 105, 70, 93, 62, 83, 111, 74, 99, 66, 44, 59, 79, 105, 70, 93, 62, 83, 111, 74, 99, 66, 44, 59, 79, 105, 70, 93, 62, 83, 111, 74, 99, 66, 44

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Feb 04 2011

Periodic with period length 12.

A. O. L. Atkin, Comment on Problem 63-13, SIAM Rev., 8 (1966), 234-236.
J. C. Lagarias, ed., The Ultimate Challenge: The 3x+1 Problem, Amer. Math. Soc., 2010; see page 270. (beware of typo: Lagarias says the orbit of 144 (not 44) has period 12.)

Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Index entries for sequences related to 3x+1 (or Collatz) problem

Cf. A006369, A028394, A028396, A094328, A094329, A185589.

Trajectories under A006368 and A006369: A180853, A217218, A185590, A180864, A028393, A028394, A094328, A094329, A028396, A028395, A217729, A182205, A223083-A223088, A185589, A185590.

a185590 n = a185590_list !! (n-1)
a185590_list = iterate a006369 44  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 31 2011

f[n_] := If[Mod[n, 3] == 0, 2*n/3, Round[4*n/3]]; a[1] = 44; a[n_] := a[n] = f[a[n - 1]]; Table[a[n], {n, 1, 73}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 10 2013 *)

A217729 Trajectory of 40 under the map n-> A006369(n).

Original entry on oeis.org

40, 53, 71, 95, 127, 169, 225, 150, 100, 133, 177, 118, 157, 209, 279, 186, 124, 165, 110, 147, 98, 131, 175, 233, 311, 415, 553, 737, 983, 1311, 874, 1165, 1553, 2071, 2761, 3681, 2454, 1636, 2181, 1454, 1939, 2585, 3447, 2298, 1532, 2043, 1362, 908, 1211, 1615

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 22 2013

nonn

It is conjectured that this trajectory does not close on itself.

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
J. H. Conway, On unsettleable arithmetical problems, Amer. Math. Monthly, 120 (2013), 192-198.

Cf. A006369, A006368, A182205.

Trajectories under A006368 and A006369: A180853, A217218, A185590, A180864, A028393, A028394, A094328, A094329, A028396, A028395, A217729, A182205, A223083-A223088, A185589, A185590.

f:=proc(N) if N mod 3 = 0 then 2*(N/3); elif N mod 3 = 2 then 4*((N+1)/3)-1; else 4*((N+2)/3)-3; fi; end;
t1:=[40];
for n from 1 to 100 do t1:=[op(t1),f(t1[nops(t1)])]; od:
t1;

t = {40}; While[n = t[[-1]]; s = Switch[Mod[n, 3], 0, 2*n/3, 1, (4*n - 1)/3, 2, (4*n + 1)/3]; Length[t] < 100 && ! MemberQ[t, s], AppendTo[t, s]]; t (* T. D. Noe, Mar 22 2013 *)
SubstitutionSystem[{n_ :> Switch[Mod[n, 3], 0, 2n/3, 1, (4n - 1)/3, , (4n + 1)/3]}, {40}, 60] // Flatten (* _Jean-François Alcover, Mar 01 2019 *)

cp's OEIS Frontend

A223087 Trajectory of 80 under the map n-> A006368(n).

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A006370 The Collatz or 3x+1 map: a(n) = n/2 if n is even, 3n + 1 if n is odd.

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A005651 Sum of multinomial coefficients (n_1+n_2+...)!/(n_1!*n_2!*...) where (n_1, n_2, ...) runs over all integer partitions of n.

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A005728 Number of fractions in Farey series of order n.

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A006369 a(n) = 2*n/3 for n divisible by 3, otherwise a(n) = round(4*n/3). Or, equivalently, a(3*n-2) = 4*n-3, a(3*n-1) = 4*n-1, a(3*n) = 2*n.

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A005651 Sum of multinomial coefficients (n_1+n_2+...)!/(n_1!n_2!...) where (n_1, n_2, ...) runs over all integer partitions of n.

A006369 a(n) = 2n/3 for n divisible by 3, otherwise a(n) = round(4n/3). Or, equivalently, a(3n-2) = 4n-3, a(3n-1) = 4n-1, a(3n) = 2n.