A004127 -id:A004127 - cp's OEIS frontend

A002212 Number of restricted hexagonal polyominoes with n cells.

1, 1, 3, 10, 36, 137, 543, 2219, 9285, 39587, 171369, 751236, 3328218, 14878455, 67030785, 304036170, 1387247580, 6363044315, 29323149825, 135700543190, 630375241380, 2938391049395, 13739779184085, 64430797069375, 302934667061301, 1427763630578197

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane, Ronald C. Read

Number of Schroeder paths (i.e., consisting of steps U=(1,1), D=(1,-1), H=(2,0) and never going below the x-axis) from (0,0) to (2n,0) with no peaks at odd level. Example: a(2)=3 because we have UUDD, UHD and HH. - Emeric Deutsch, Dec 06 2003
Number of 3-Motzkin paths of length n-1 (i.e., lattice paths from (0,0) to (n-1,0) that do not go below the line y=0 and consist of steps U=(1,1), D=(1,-1) and three types of steps H=(1,0)). Example: a(4)=36 because we have 27 HHH paths, 3 HUD paths, 3 UHD paths and 3 UDH paths. - Emeric Deutsch, Jan 22 2004
Number of rooted, planar trees having edges weighted by strictly positive integers (multi-trees) with weight-sum n. - Roland Bacher, Feb 28 2005
Number of skew Dyck paths of semilength n. A skew Dyck path is a path in the first quadrant which begins at the origin, ends on the x-axis, consists of steps U=(1,1)(up), D=(1,-1)(down) and L=(-1,-1)(left) so that up and left steps do not overlap. The length of the path is defined to be the number of its steps. - Emeric Deutsch, May 10 2007
Equivalently, number of self-avoiding paths of semilength n in the first quadrant beginning at the origin, staying weakly above the diagonal, ending on the diagonal, and consisting of steps r=(+1,0) (right), U=(0,+1) (up), and D=(0,-1) (down). Self-avoidance implies that factors UD and DU and steps D reaching the diagonal before the end are forbidden. The a(3) = 10 such paths are UrUrUr, UrUUrD, UrUUrr, UUrrUr, UUrUrD, UUrUrr, UUUDrD, UUUrDD, UUUrrD, and UUUrrr. - Joerg Arndt, Jan 15 2024
Hankel transform of [1,3,10,36,137,543,...] is A000012 = [1,1,1,1,...]. - Philippe Deléham, Oct 24 2007
From Gary W. Adamson, May 17 2009: (Start)
Convolved with A026375, (1, 3, 11, 45, 195, ...) = A026378: (1, 4, 17, 75, ...)
(1, 3, 10, 36, 137, ...) convolved with A026375 = A026376: (1, 6, 30, 144, ...).
Starting (1, 3, 10, 36, ...) = INVERT transform of A007317: (1, 2, 5, 15, 51, ...). (End)
Binomial transform of A032357. - Philippe Deléham, Sep 17 2009
a(n) = number of rooted trees with n vertices in which each vertex has at most 2 children and in case a vertex has exactly one child, it is labeled left, middle or right. These are the hex trees of the Deutsch, Munarini, Rinaldi link. This interpretation yields the second MATHEMATICA recurrence below. - David Callan, Oct 14 2012
The left shift (1,3,10,36,...) of this sequence is the binomial transform of the left-shifted Catalan numbers (1,2,5,14,...). Example: 36 =1*14 + 3*5 + 3*2 + 1*1. - David Callan, Feb 01 2014
Number of Schroeder paths from (0,0) to (2n,0) with no level steps H=(2,0) at even level. Example: a(2)=3 because we have UUDD, UHD and UDUD. - José Luis Ramírez Ramírez, Apr 27 2015
This is the Riordan transform with the Riordan matrix A097805 (of the associated type) of the Catalan sequence A000108. See a Feb 17 2017 comment in A097805. - Wolfdieter Lang, Feb 17 2017
a(n) is the number of parking functions of size n avoiding the patterns 132 and 231. - Lara Pudwell, Apr 10 2023

			G.f. = 1 + x + 3*x^2 + 10*x^3 + 36*x^4 + 137*x^5 + 543*x^6 + 2219*x^7 + 9285*x^8 + ...

J. Brunvoll, B. N. Cyvin, and S. J. Cyvin, Studies of some chemically relevant polygonal systems: mono-q-polyhexes, ACH Models in Chem., 133 (3) (1996), 277-298, Eq 14.
S. J. Cyvin, J. Brunvoll, G. Xiaofeng, and Z. Fuji, Number of perifusenes with one internal vertex, Rev. Roumaine Chem., 38(1) (1993), 65-78.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200
Ayomikun Adeniran and Lara Pudwell, Pattern avoidance in parking functions, Enumer. Comb. Appl. 3:3 (2023), Article S2R17.
Jean-Luc Baril, José L. Ramírez, and Lina M. Simbaqueba, Counting prefixes of skew Dyck paths, J. Int. Seq., Vol. 24 (2021), Article 21.8.2.
L. W. Beineke and R. E. Pippert, On the enumeration of planar trees of hexagons, Glasgow Math. J., 15 (1974), 131-147. See V(n).
L. W. Beineke and R. E. Pippert, On the enumeration of planar trees of hexagons, Glasgow Math. J., 15 (1974), 131-147. [Annotated scanned copy]
Johann Cigler and Christian Krattenthaler, Hankel determinants of linear combinations of moments of orthogonal polynomials, arXiv:2003.01676 [math.CO], 2020.
B. N. Cyvin et al., A class of polygonal systems representing polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbons: Catacondensed monoheptafusenes, Monat. f. Chemie, 125 (1994), 1327-1337 (see U(x)).
S. J. Cyvin, J. Brunvoll, and B. N. Cyvin, Harary-Read numbers for catafusenes: Complete classification according to symmetry, Journal of mathematical chemistry 9.1 (1992): 19-31.
S. J. Cyvin and J. Brunvoll, Generating functions for the Harary-Read numbers classified according to symmetry, Journal of mathematical chemistry 9.1 (1992): 33-38.
S. J. Cyvin et al., Graph-theoretical studies on fluoranthenoids and fluorenoids:enumeration of some catacondensed systems, J. Molec. Struct. (Theochem), 285 (1993), 179-185.
S. J. Cyvin et al., Enumeration and classification of certain polygonal systems representing polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbons: annelated catafusenes, J. Chem. Inform. Comput. Sci., 34 (1994), 1174-1180.
D. E. Davenport, L. W. Shapiro, and L. C. Woodson, The Double Riordan Group, The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 18(2) (2012), #P33. - From _N. J. A. Sloane_, May 11 2012
Rodrigo De Castro, Andrés Ramírez, and José L. Ramírez, Applications in Enumerative Combinatorics of Infinite Weighted Automata and Graphs, arXiv preprint arXiv:1310.2449 [cs.DM], 2013. See also Sci. Annals Comp. Sci. (2014) Vol. XXIV, Issue 1, 137-171. See p. 141.
Isaac DeJager, Madeleine Naquin, and Frank Seidl, Colored Motzkin Paths of Higher Order, VERUM 2019.
Serkan Demiriz, Adem Şahin, and Sezer Erdem, Some topological and geometric properties of novel generalized Motzkin sequence spaces, Rendiconti Circ. Mat. Palermo Ser. 2 (2025) Vol. 74, No. 136. See p. 4.
Nachum Dershowitz, Touchard's Drunkard, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 20 (2017), #17.1.5.
E. Deutsch, E. Munarini, and S. Rinaldi, Skew Dyck paths, J. Stat. Plann. Infer. 140 (8) (2010) 2191-2203
M. Dziemianczuk, Enumerations of plane trees with multiple edges and Raney lattice paths, Discrete Mathematics 337 (2014): 9-24.
Ricardo Gómez Aíza, Trees with flowers: A catalog of integer partition and integer composition trees with their asymptotic analysis, arXiv:2402.16111 [math.CO], 2024. See p. 18.
N. S. S. Gu, N. Y. Li, and Toufik Mansour, 2-Binary trees: bijections and related issues, Discr. Math., 308 (2008), 1209-1221.
F. Harary and R. C. Read, The enumeration of tree-like polyhexes, Proc. Edinburgh Math. Soc. (2) 17 (1970), 1-13.
C. Heuberger, H. Prodinger, and S. Wagner, The height of multiple edge plane trees, arXiv preprint arXiv:1503.04749 [math.CO], 2015.
P.-Y. Huang, S.-C. Liu, and Y.-N. Yeh, Congruences of Finite Summations of the Coefficients in certain Generating Functions, The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 21 (2014), #P2.45.
C. Jean-Louis and A. Nkwanta, Some algebraic structure of the Riordan group, Linear Algebra and its Applications, Nov. 27, 2012. - _N. J. A. Sloane_, Jan 03 2013
Hana Kim and R. P. Stanley, A refined enumeration of hex trees and related polynomials, Preprint 2015.
J. W. Layman, The Hankel Transform and Some of its Properties, J. Integer Sequences, 4 (2001), #01.1.5.
Huyile Liang, Jeffrey Remmel, and Sainan Zheng, Stieltjes moment sequences of polynomials, arXiv:1710.05795 [math.CO], 2017, see pp. 12-13.
Lily L. Liu, Positivity of three-term recurrence sequences, Electronic J. Combinatorics, 17 (2010), #R57.
Rui-Li Liu and Feng-Zhen Zhao, New Sufficient Conditions for Log-Balancedness, With Applications to Combinatorial Sequences, J. Int. Seq., Vol. 21 (2018), Article 18.5.7.
Toufik Mansour and Jose Luis Ramirez, Enumration of Fuss-skew paths, Ann. Math. Inform. 55 (2022) 125-136, table 1.
Michal Medek, Möbius function of matrix posets, Bachelor Thesis, Charles Univ. (Prague, Czechia 2023).
H. D. Nguyen and D. Taggart, Mining the OEIS: Ten Experimental Conjectures, 2013; http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/pdf/8f2f36f22878c984775ed04368b8893879b99458. Mentions this sequence. - From _N. J. A. Sloane_, Mar 16 2014
F. Pakovich and A. K. Zvonkin, Minimum degree of the difference of two polynomials over Q, and weighted plane trees, arXiv:1306.4141 [math.NT], 2013.
F. Pakovich and A. K. Zvonkin, Minimum degree of the difference of two polynomials over Q, and weighted plane trees, Selecta Mathematica, New Ser. 2014.
J.-B. Priez, A lattice of combinatorial Hopf algebras, Application to binary trees with multiplicities, arXiv preprint arXiv:1303.5538 [math.CO], 2013.
J.-B. Priez, A lattice of combinatorial Hopf algebras, Application to binary trees with multiplicities, FPSAC 2013 Paris, France DMTCS Proc. AS, 2013, 1167-1179. See also DOI
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Helmut Prodinger, Multi-edge trees and 3-coloured Motzkin paths: bijective issues, arXiv:2105.03350 [math.CO], 2021.
Helmut Prodinger, Partial skew Dyck paths---a kernel method approach, arXiv:2108.09785 [math.CO], 2021.
Helmut Prodinger, Prefixes of Stanley's Catalan paths with odd returns to the x-axis -- standard version and skew Catalan-Stanley paths, arXiv:2402.01429 [math.CO], 2023.
R. C. Read, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Feb 12 1971 (includes 40 terms of A002212 and A002216)
E. Rowland and R. Yassawi, Automatic congruences for diagonals of rational functions, arXiv preprint arXiv:1310.8635 [math.NT], 2013.
A. Sapounakis and P. Tsikouras, On k-colored Motzkin words, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 7 (2004), Article 04.2.5.
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Paveł Szabłowski, Beta distributions whose moment sequences are related to integer sequences listed in the OEIS, Contrib. Disc. Math. (2024) Vol. 19, No. 4, 85-109. See p. 98.
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A. K. Zvonkin, Enumeration of Weighted Plane Trees, 2013.
Index entries for reversions of series

Cf. A025238, A000108, A001006, A007317, A026376, A026375.
First differences of A007317.
Row sums of triangle A104259.
Cf. A005572, A025230, A182401.

I:= [1,3]; [1] cat [n le 2 select I[n]  else ((6*n-3)*Self(n-1)-5*(n-2)*Self(n-2)) div (n+1): n in [1..30]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Jun 15 2015

t1 := series(1+ (1-3*x-(1-x)^(1/2)*(1-5*x)^(1/2))/(2*x), x, 50):
A002212_list := len -> seq(coeff(t1,x,n),n=0..len): A002212_list(40);
a[0] := 1: a[1] := 1: for n from 2 to 50 do a[n] := (3*(2*n-1)*a[n-1]-5*(n-2)*a[n-2])/(n+1) od: print(convert(a,list)); # Zerinvary Lajos, Jan 01 2007
a := n -> `if`(n=0,1,simplify(GegenbauerC(n-1, -n, -3/2)/n)):
seq(a(n), n=0..23); # Peter Luschny, May 09 2016

InverseSeries[Series[(y)/(1+3*y+y^2), {y, 0, 24}], x] (* then A(x)=1+y(x) *) (* Len Smiley, Apr 14 2000 *)
(* faster *)
a[0]=1;a[1]=1;
a[n_]/;n>=2 := a[n] = a[n-1] +  Sum[a[i]a[n-1-i],{i,0,n-1}];
Table[a[n],{n,0,14}] (* See COMMENTS above, [David Callan, Oct 14 2012] *)
(* fastest *)
s[0]=s[1]=1;
s[n_]/;n>=2 := s[n] = (3(2n-1)s[n-1]-5(n-2)s[n-2])/(n+1);
Table[s[n],{n,0,14 }] (* See Deutsch, Munarini, Rinaldi link, [David Callan, Oct 14 2012] *)
(* 2nd fastest *)
a[n_] := Hypergeometric2F1[3/2, 1-n, 3, -4]; a[0]=1; Table[a[n], {n, 0, 14}]  (* Jean-François Alcover, May 16 2013 *)
CoefficientList[Series[(1 - x - Sqrt[1 - 6x + 5x^2])/(2x), {x, 0, 20}], x] (* Nikolaos Pantelidis, Jan 30 2023 *)

makelist(sum(binomial(n,k)*binomial(n-k,k)*3^(n-2*k)/(k+1),k,0,n/2),n,0,24); /* for a(n+1) */ /* Emanuele Munarini, May 18 2011 */

{a(n) = polcoeff( (1 - x - sqrt(1 - 6*x + 5*x^2 + x^2 * O(x^n))) / 2, n+1)};

{a(n) = if( n<1, n==0, polcoeff( serreverse( x / (1 + 3*x + x^2) + x * O(x^n)), n))}; /* Michael Somos */

my(N=66,x='x+O('x^N)); Vec((1 - x - sqrt(1-6*x+5*x^2))/(2*x)) \\ Joerg Arndt, Jan 13 2024

def A002212():
    x, y, n = 1, 1, 1
    while True:
        yield x
        n += 1
        x, y = y, ((6*n - 3)*y - (5*n - 10)*x) / (n + 1)
a = A002212()
[next(a) for i in range(24)]  # Peter Luschny, Oct 12 2013

a(0)=1, for n > 0: a(n) = Sum_{j=0..n-1} Sum_{i=0..j} a(i)*a(j-i). G.f.: A(x) = 1 + x*A(x)^2/(1-x). - Mario Catalani (mario.catalani(AT)unito.it), Jun 19 2003
a(n) = Sum_{i=ceiling((n-1)/2)..n-1} (3^(2i+1-n)*binomial(n, i)*binomial(i, n-i-1))/n. - Emeric Deutsch, Jul 23 2002
a(n) = Sum_{k=1..n} binomial(2k, k)*binomial(n-1, k-1)/(k+1), i.e., binomial transform of the Catalan numbers 1, 2, 5, 14, 42, ... (A000108). a(n) = Sum_{k=0..floor((n-1)/2)} 3^(n-1-2*k)*binomial(2k, k)*binomial(n-1, 2k)/(k+1). - Emeric Deutsch, Aug 05 2002
D-finite with recurrence: a(1)=1, a(n) = (3(2n-1)*a(n-1)-5(n-2)*a(n-2))/(n+1) for n > 1. - Emeric Deutsch, Dec 18 2002
a(n) is asymptotic to c*5^n/n^(3/2) with c=0.63.... - Benoit Cloitre, Jun 23 2003
In closed form, c = (1/2)*sqrt(5/Pi) = 0.63078313050504... - Vaclav Kotesovec, Oct 04 2012
Reversion of Sum_{n>0} a(n)x^n = -Sum_{n>0} A001906(n)(-x)^n.
G.f. A(x) satisfies xA(x)^2 + (1-x)(1-A(x)) = 0.
G.f.: (1 - x - sqrt(1 - 6x + 5x^2))/(2x). For n > 1, a(n) = 3*a(n-1) + Sum_{k=1..n-2} a(k)*a(n-k-1). - John W. Layman, Feb 22 2001
The Hankel transform of this sequence gives A001519 = 1, 2, 5, 13, 34, 89, ... E.g., Det([1, 1, 3, 10, 36; 1, 3, 10, 36, 137; 3, 10, 36, 137, 543; 10, 36, 137, 543, 2219; 36, 137, 543, 2219, 9285 ])= 34. - Philippe Deléham, Jan 25 2004
a(m+n+1) = Sum_{k>=0} A091965(m, k)*A091965(n, k) = A091965(m+n, 0). - Philippe Deléham, Sep 14 2005
a(n+1) = Sum_{k=0..n} 2^(n-k)*M(k)*binomial(n,k), where M(k) = A001006(k) is the k-th Motzkin number (from here it follows that a(n+1) and M(n) have the same parity). - Emeric Deutsch, May 10 2007
a(n+1) = Sum_{k=0..n} A097610(n,k)*3^k. - Philippe Deléham, Oct 02 2007
G.f.: 1/(1-x/(1-x-x/(1-x/(1-x-x/(1-x/(1-x-x/(1-... (continued fraction). - Paul Barry, May 16 2009
G.f.: (1-x)/(1-2x-x^2/(1-3x-x^2/(1-3x-x^2/(1-3x-x^2/(1-3x-x^2/(1-.... (continued fraction). - Paul Barry, Oct 17 2009
G.f.: 1/(1-z/(1-z/(1-z/(...)))) where z=x/(1-x) (continued fraction); more generally g.f. C(x/(1-x)) where C(x) is the g.f. for the Catalan numbers (A000108). - Joerg Arndt, Mar 18 2011
a(n) = -5^(1/2)/(10*(n+1)) * (5*hypergeom([1/2, n], [1], 4/5) -3*hypergeom([1/2, n+1], [1], 4/5)) (for n>0). - Mark van Hoeij, Nov 12 2009
For n >= 1, a(n) = (1/(2*Pi))*Integral_{x=1..5} x^(n-1)*sqrt((x-1)*(5-x)) dx. - Groux Roland, Mar 16 2011
a(n+1) = [x^n](1-x^2)(1+3*x+x^2)^n. - Emanuele Munarini, May 18 2011
From Gary W. Adamson, Jul 21 2011: (Start)
a(n) = upper left term in M^(n-1), M = an infinite square production matrix as follows (with 3,2,2,2,... as the main diagonal):
  3, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, ...
  1, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, ...
  1, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0, ...
  1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 0, ...
  1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, ...
  ...
Alternatively, let M = the previous matrix but change the 3 to a 2. Then a(n) = sum of top row terms of M^(n-1). (End)
a(n) = hypergeometric([1-n,3/2],[3],-4), for n>0. - Peter Luschny, Aug 15 2012
a(n) = GegenbauerC(n-1, -n, -3/2)/n for n >= 1. - Peter Luschny, May 09 2016
E.g.f.: 1 + Integral (exp(3*x) * BesselI(1,2*x) / x) dx. - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Jun 01 2020
G.f.: 1 + x/G(0) with G(k) = (1 - 3*x - x^2/G(k+1)) (continued fraction). - Nikolaos Pantelidis, Dec 12 2022
From Peter Bala, Feb 03 2024: (Start)
G.f.: 1 + x/(1 - x) * c(x/(1 - x))^2 = 1 + x/(1 - 5*x) * c(-x/(1 - 5*x))^2, where c(x) = (1  - sqrt(1 - 4*x))/(2*x) is the g.f. of the Catalan numbers A000108.
a(n+1) = Sum_{k = 0..n} binomial(n, k)*Catalan(k+1).
a(n+1) = hypergeom([-n, 3/2], [3], -4).
a(n+1) = 5^n * Sum_{k = 0..n} (-5)^(-k)*binomial(n, k)*Catalan(k+1).
a(n+1) = 5^n * hypergeom([-n, 3/2], [3], 4/5). (End)

A002294 a(n) = binomial(5n, n)/(4n + 1).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 5, 35, 285, 2530, 23751, 231880, 2330445, 23950355, 250543370, 2658968130, 28558343775, 309831575760, 3390416787880, 37377257159280, 414741863546285, 4628362722856425, 51912988256282175, 584909606696793885, 6617078646960613370

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

From Wolfdieter Lang, Sep 14 2007: (Start)
a(n), n >= 1, enumerates quintic trees (rooted, ordered, incomplete) with n vertices (including the root).
This is the Pfaff-Fuss-Catalan sequence C^{m}_n for m = 5. See the Graham et al. reference, p. 347. eq. 7.66. See also the Pólya-Szegő reference.
Also 5-Raney sequence. See the Graham et al. reference, pp. 346-347. (End)
a(n) = A258708(3*n, 2*n) for n > 0. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jun 23 2015
Conjecturally, a(n) is the number of 4-uniform words on the alphabet [n] that avoid the patterns 231 and 221 (see the Defant and Kravitz link). - Colin Defant, Sep 26 2018
From Stillwell (1995), p. 62: "Eisenstein's Theorem. If y^5 + y = x, then y has a power series expansion y = x - x^5 + 10*x^9/2^1 - 15 * 14 * x^13/3! + 20 * 19 * 18*x^17/4! - ...." - Michael Somos, Sep 19 2019
a(n) is the total number of down steps before the first up step in all 4_1-Dyck paths of length 5*n. A 4_1-Dyck path is a lattice path with steps (1, 4), (1, -1) that starts and ends at y = 0 and stays above the line y = -1. - Sarah Selkirk, May 10 2020
Dropping the first 1 (starting from 1, 5, 35, ... with offset 1), the series reversion gives 1, -5, 15, -35, 70, ... (again offset 1), essentially A000332 and row 5 of A027555. - R. J. Mathar, Aug 17 2023
Number of rooted polyominoes composed of n hexagonal cells of the hyperbolic regular tiling with Schläfli symbol {6,oo}. A rooted polyomino has one external edge identified, and chiral pairs are counted as two. A stereographic projection of the {6,oo} tiling on the Poincaré disk can be obtained via the Christensson link. - Robert A. Russell, Jan 27 2024
This is instance k = 5 of the generalized Catalan family {C(k, n)}_{n>=0} given in a comment of A130564. - Wolfdieter Lang, Feb 05 2024

			There are a(2) = 5 quintic trees (vertex degree <= 5 and 5 possible branchings) with 2 vertices (one of them the root). Adding one more branch (one more vertex) to these five trees yields 5*5 + binomial(5,2) = 35 = a(3) such trees.
G.f. = 1 + x + 5*x^2 + 35*x^3 + 285*x^4 + 2530*x^5 + 23751*x^6 + 231880*x^7 + ...
G.f. = t + t^5 + 5*t^9 + 35*t^13 + 285*t^17 + 2530*t^21 + 23751*t^25 + 231880*t^29 + ...

Archiv der Mathematik u. Physik, Editor's note: "Über die Bestimmung der Anzahl der verschiedenen Arten, auf welche sich ein n-Eck durch Diagonalen in lauter m-Ecke zerlegen laesst, mit Bezug auf einige Abhandlungen der Herren Lame, Rodrigues, Binet, Catalan und Duhamel in dem Journal de Mathematiques pures et appliquees, publie par Joseph Liouville. T. III. IV.", Archiv der Mathematik u. Physik, 1 (1841), pp. 193ff; see especially p. 198.
Miklos Bona, editor, Handbook of Enumerative Combinatorics, CRC Press, 2015, page 23.
R. L. Graham, D. E. Knuth and O. Patashnik, Concrete Mathematics. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1990, pp. 200, 347.
G. Pólya and G. Szegő, Problems and Theorems in Analysis, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, New York, 2 vols., 1972, Vol. 1, problem 211, p. 146 with solution on p. 348.
Ulrike Sattler, Decidable classes of formal power series with nice closure properties, Diplomarbeit im Fach Informatik, Univ. Erlangen - Nürnberg, Jul 27 1994.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..100
V. E. Adler and A. B. Shabat, Volterra chain and Catalan numbers, arXiv:1810.13198 [nlin.SI], 2018.
Joerg Arndt, Matters Computational (The Fxtbook), pp. 337-338.
Joerg Arndt, Subset-lex: did we miss an order?, arXiv:1405.6503 [math.CO], 2014-2015.
A. Asinowski, B. Hackl, and S. Selkirk, Down step statistics in generalized Dyck paths, arXiv:2007.15562 [math.CO], 2020.
Paul Barry, Characterizations of the Borel triangle and Borel polynomials, arXiv:2001.08799 [math.CO], 2020.
Paul Barry, On the Gap-sum and Gap-product Sequences of Integer Sequences, arXiv:2104.05593 [math.CO], 2021.
L. W. Beineke and R. E. Pippert, On the enumeration of planar trees of hexagons, Glasgow Math. J., 15 (1974), 131-147.
L. W. Beineke and R. E. Pippert, On the enumeration of planar trees of hexagons, Glasgow Math. J., 15 (1974), 131-147. [Annotated scanned copy]
Frits Beukers, Hypergeometric functions, how special are they?, Notices Amer. Math. Soc. 61(1) (2014), 48-56. MR3137256
Wun-Seng Chou, Tian-Xiao He, and Peter J.-S. Shiue, On the Primality of the Generalized Fuss-Catalan Numbers, J. Int. Seqs., Vol. 21 (2018), #18.2.1.
Malin Christensson, Make hyperbolic tilings of images, web page, 2019.
Olivier Danvy, Summa Summarum: Moessner's Theorem without Dynamic Programming, arXiv:2412.03127 [cs.DM], 2024. See p. 25.
C. Defant and N. Kravitz, Stack-sorting for words, arXiv:1809.09158 [math.CO], 2018.
R. W. Gosper, Rope around the earth
F. Harary, E. M. Palmer and R. C. Read, On the cell-growth problem for arbitrary polygons, Discr. Math. 11 (1975), 371-389.
F. Harary, E. M. Palmer, and R. C. Read, On the cell-growth problem for arbitrary polygons, computer printout, circa 1974.
Clemens Heuberger, Sarah J. Selkirk, and Stephan Wagner, Enumeration of Generalized Dyck Paths Based on the Height of Down-Steps Modulo k, arXiv:2204.14023 [math.CO], 2022.
Forrest M. Hilton, Finite Dynamical Laminations, arXiv:2408.01353 [math.DS], 2024. See p. 7.
V. E. Hoggatt, Jr., 7-page typed letter to N. J. A. Sloane with suggestions for new sequences, circa 1977.
INRIA Algorithms Project, Encyclopedia of Combinatorial Structures 287.
R. P. Loh, A. G. Shannon, and A. F. Horadam, Divisibility Criteria and Sequence Generators Associated with Fermat Coefficients, preprint, 1980.
J.-C. Novelli and J.-Y. Thibon, Hopf Algebras of m-permutations,(m+1)-ary trees, and m-parking functions, arXiv:1403.5962 [math.CO], 2014.
Mitchell Paukner, Lucy Pepin, Manda Riehl, and Jarred Wieser, Pattern Avoidance in Task-Precedence Posets, arXiv:1511.00080 [math.CO], 2015-2016.
Karol A. Penson and Karol Zyczkowski, Product of Ginibre matrices : Fuss-Catalan and Raney distribution, arXiv version, arXiv:1103.3453 [math-ph], 2011.
Yuan (Friedrich) Qiu, Joe Sawada, and Aaron Williams, Maximize the Rightmost Digit: Gray Codes for Restricted Growth Strings, WALCOM 2025. See p. 5.
John Stillwell, Eisenstein's footnote, Math. Intelligencer 17(2) (1995), 58-62. MR1336074 (96d:01024)
B. Sury, Generalized Catalan numbers: linear recursion and divisibility, JIS 12 (2009), Article 09.7.5.
L. Takacs, Enumeration of rooted trees and forests, Math. Scientist 18 (1993), 1-10, esp. Eq. (5).
Wikipedia, Fuss-Catalan number.
N. J. Wildberger and Dean Rubine, A Hyper-Catalan Series Solution to Polynomial Equations, and the Geode, Amer. Math. Monthly (2025). See section 12.
S. Yakoubov, Pattern Avoidance in Extensions of Comb-Like Posets, arXiv:1310.2979 [math.CO], 2013-2014.
Jun Yan, Lattice paths enumerations weighted by ascent lengths, arXiv:2501.01152 [math.CO], 2025. See p. 7.

Cf. A001764, A002296, A258708, A346647 (binomial transform), A346665 (inverse binomial transform).
Fourth column of triangle A062993.
Polyominoes: A221184{n-1} (oriented), A004127 (unoriented), A369473 (chiral), A143546 (achiral), A002293 {5,oo}, A002295 {7,oo}.
Cf. A130564.

List([0..22],n->Binomial(5*n,n)/(4*n+1)); # Muniru A Asiru, Nov 01 2018

a002294 n = a002294_list !! n
a002294_list = [a258708 (3 * n) (2 * n) | n <- [1..]]
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jun 23 2015

[ Binomial(5*n,n)/(4*n+1): n in [0..100]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Mar 24 2011

seq(binomial(5*k+1,k)/(5*k+1),k=0..30); # Robert FERREOL, Apr 03 2015
n:=30:G:=series(RootOf(g = 1+x*g^5, g),x=0,n+1):seq(coeff(G,x,k),k=0..n); # Robert FERREOL, Apr 03 2015

CoefficientList[InverseSeries[ Series[ y - y^5, {y, 0, 100}], x], x][[Range[2, 100, 4]]]
Table[Binomial[5n,n]/(4n+1),{n,0,20}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Dec 30 2011 *)
a[ n_] := SeriesCoefficient[ HypergeometricPFQ[ {1, 2, 3, 4}/5, {2, 3, 5}/4, x 5^5/4^4], {x, 0, n}]; (* Michael Somos, May 06 2015 *)
a[ n_] := With[{m = 4 n + 1}, SeriesCoefficient[ InverseSeries @ Series[ x - x^5, {x, 0, m}], {x, 0, m}]]; (* Michael Somos, May 06 2015 *)

{a(n) = binomial( 5 * n, n) / (4*n + 1)}; /* Michael Somos, Mar 17 2011 */

{a(n) = if( n<0, 0, n = 4*n + 1; polcoeff( serreverse( x - x^5 + x * O(x^n) ), n))}; /* Michael Somos, Mar 17 2011 */

For the connection with the solution of the quintic, hypergeometric series, and Lagrange inversion, see Beukers (2014). - N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 12 2014
G.f.: hypergeometric([1, 2, 3, 4] / 5, [2, 3, 5] / 4, x * 5^5 / 4^4). - Michael Somos, Mar 17 2011
O.g.f. A(x) satisfies A(x) = 1 + x * A(x)^5 = 1 / (1 - x * A(x)^4).
Given g.f. A(x) then z = t * A(t^4) satisfies 0 = z^5 - z + t. - Michael Somos, Mar 17 2011
a(n) = binomial(5*n, n - 1)/n, n >= 1, a(0) = 1. From the Lagrange series of the o.g.f. A(x) with its above given implicit equation.
a(n) = upper left term in M^n, M = the production matrix:
   1,  1;
   4,  4,  1;
  10, 10,  4,  1;
  20, 20, 10,  4,  1;
  ...
where (1, 4, 10, 20, ...) is the tetrahedral sequence, A000292. - Gary W. Adamson, Jul 08 2011
D-finite with recurrence: 8*n*(4*n+1)*(2*n-1)*(4*n-1)*a(n) - 5*(5*n-4)*(5*n-3)*(5*n-2)*(5*n-1)*a(n-1) = 0. - R. J. Mathar, Dec 02 2014
a(n) = binomial(5*n + 1, n)/(5*n + 1) = A062993(n+3,3). - Robert FERREOL, Apr 03 2015
a(0) = 1; a(n) = Sum_{i1 + i2 + ... + i5 = n - 1} a(i1) * a(i2) * ... *a(i5) for n >= 1. - Robert FERREOL, Apr 03 2015
From Ilya Gutkovskiy, Jan 15 2017: (Start)
O.g.f.: 5F4([1/5, 2/5, 3/5, 4/5, 1]; [1/2, 3/4, 1, 5/4]; 3125*x/256).[Cancellation of the 1s, see G.f. the above. - Wolfdieter Lang, Feb 05 2024]
E.g.f.: 4F4([1/5, 2/5, 3/5, 4/5]; [1/2, 3/4, 1, 5/4]; 3125*x/256).
a(n) ~ 5^(5*n + 1/2)/(sqrt(Pi) * 2^(8*n + 7/2) * n^(3/2)). (End)
x*A'(x)/A(x) = (A(x) - 1)/(- 4*A(x) + 5) = x + 9*x^2 + 91*x^3 + 969*x^4 + ... is the o.g.f. of A163456. Cf. A001764 and A002293 - A002296. - Peter Bala, Feb 04 2022
G.f. A(x) satisfies A(x) = 1/A(-x*A(x)^9). - Seiichi Manyama, Jun 16 2025

More terms from Olivier Gérard, Jul 05 2001

A001998 Bending a piece of wire of length n+1; walks of length n+1 on a tetrahedron; also non-branched catafusenes with n+2 condensed hexagons.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 4, 10, 25, 70, 196, 574, 1681, 5002, 14884, 44530, 133225, 399310, 1196836, 3589414, 10764961, 32291602, 96864964, 290585050, 871725625, 2615147350, 7845353476, 23535971854, 70607649841, 211822683802, 635467254244, 1906400965570, 5719200505225, 17157599124190

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

The wire stays in the plane, there are n bends, each is R,L or O; turning the wire over does not count as a new figure.
Equivalently, walks of n+1 steps on a tetrahedron, visiting n+2 vertices, with n "corners"; the symmetry group is S4, reversing a walk does not count as different. Simply interpret R,L,O as instructions to turn R, turn L, or retrace the last step. Walks are not self-avoiding.
Also, it appears that a(n) gives the number of equivalence classes of n-tuples of 0, 1 and 2, where two n-tuples are equivalent if one can be obtained from the other by a sequence of operations R and C, where R denotes reversal and C denotes taking the 2's complement (C(x)=2-x). This has been verified up to a(19)=290585050. Example: for n=3 there are ten equivalence classes {000, 222}, {001, 100, 122, 221}, {002, 022, 200, 220}, {010, 212}, {011, 110, 112, 211}, {012, 210}, {020, 202}, {021, 102, 120, 201}, {101, 121}, {111}, so a(3)=10. - John W. Layman, Oct 13 2009
There exists a bijection between chains of n+2 hexagons and the above described equivalence classes of n-tuples of 0,1, and 2. Namely, for a given chain of n+2 hexagons we take the sequence of the numbers of vertices of degree 2 (0, 1, or 2) between the consecutive contact vertices on one side of the chain; switching to the other side we obtain the 2's complement of this sequence; reversing the order of the hexagons, we obtain the reverse sequence. The inverse mapping is straightforward. For example, to a linear chain of 7 hexagons there corresponds the 5-tuple 11111. - Emeric Deutsch, Apr 22 2013
If we treat two wire bends (or walks, or tuples) related by turning over (or reversing) as different in any of the above-given interpretations of this sequence, we get A007051 (or A124302). Also, a(n-1) is the sum of first 3 terms in n-th row of A284949, see crossrefs therein. - Andrey Zabolotskiy, Sep 29 2017
a(n-1) is the number of color patterns (set partitions) in an unoriented row of length n using 3 or fewer colors (subsets). - Robert A. Russell, Oct 28 2018
From Allan Bickle, Jun 02 2022: (Start)
a(n) is the number of (unlabeled) 3-paths with n+6 vertices. (A 3-path with order n at least 5 can be constructed from a 4-clique by iteratively adding a new 3-leaf (vertex of degree 3) adjacent to an existing 3-clique containing an existing 3-leaf.)
Recurrences appear in the papers by Bickle, Eckhoff, and Markenzon et al. (End)
a(n) is also the number of distinct planar embeddings of the (n+1)-alkane graph (up to at least n=9, and likely for all n). - Eric W. Weisstein, May 21 2024

			There are 2 ways to bend a piece of wire of length 2 (bend it or not).
For n=4 and a(n-1)=10, the 6 achiral patterns are AAAA, AABB, ABAB, ABBA, ABCA, and ABBC.  The 4 chiral pairs are AAAB-ABBB, AABA-ABAA, AABC-ABCC, and ABAC-ABCB. - _Robert A. Russell_, Oct 28 2018

A. T. Balaban, Enumeration of Cyclic Graphs, pp. 63-105 of A. T. Balaban, ed., Chemical Applications of Graph Theory, Ac. Press, 1976; see p. 75.
S. J. Cyvin, B. N. Cyvin, and J. Brunvoll, Enumeration of tree-like octagonal systems: catapolyoctagons, ACH Models in Chem. 134 (1997), 55-70.
M. R. Nester (1999). Mathematical investigations of some plant interaction designs. PhD Thesis. University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. [See A056391 for pdf file of Chap. 2.]
R. C. Read, The Enumeration of Acyclic Chemical Compounds, pp. 25-61 of A. T. Balaban, ed., Chemical Applications of Graph Theory, Ac. Press, 1976. [I think this reference does not mention this sequence. - N. J. A. Sloane, Aug 10 2006]
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Indranil Ghosh, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..2092 (terms 0..500 from T. D. Noe)
A. T. Balaban, J. Brunvoll, B. N. Cyvin, and S. J. Cyvin, Enumeration of branched catacondensed benzenoid hydrocarbons and their numbers of Kekulé structures, Tetrahedron 44(1) (1988), 221-228. See Eq. (6), p. 223.
A. T. Balaban and F. Harary, Chemical graphs V: enumeration and proposed nomenclature of benzenoid cata-condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Tetrahedron 24 (1968), 2505-2516.
Christian Barrientos and Sarah Minion, On the Graceful Cartesian Product of Alpha-Trees, Theory and Applications of Graphs, Vol. 4: Iss. 1, Article 3, 2017. (It mentions this sequence on p. 7.)
L. W. Beineke and R. E. Pippert, On the enumeration of planar trees of hexagons, Glasgow Math. J., 15 (1974), 131-147.
L. W. Beineke and R. E. Pippert, On the enumeration of planar trees of hexagons, Glasgow Math. J., 15 (1974), 131-147 [annotated scanned copy].
Allan Bickle, How to Count k-Paths, J. Integer Sequences, 25 (2022) Article 22.5.6.
Allan Bickle, A Survey of Maximal k-degenerate Graphs and k-Trees, Theory and Applications of Graphs 0 1 (2024) Article 5.
S. J. Cyvin, B. N. Cyvin, and J. Brunvoll, Isomer enumeration of some polygonal systems representing polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbons, Journal of Molecular structure 376 (Issues 1-3) (1996), 495-505. See Table 2 on p. 501.
S. J. Cyvin, B. N. Cyvin, and J. Brunvoll, Unbranched catacondensed polygonal systems containing hexagons and tetragons, Croatica Chem. Acta, 69 (1996), 757-774.
J. Eckhoff, Extremal interval graphs, J. Graph Theory 17 1 (1993), 117-127.
R. M. Foster, Solution to Problem E185, Amer. Math. Monthly, 44 (1937), 50-51.
R. M. Foster, Solution to Problem E185, Amer. Math. Monthly, 44 (1937), 50-51 [annotated scanned copy].
F. Harary and R. W. Robinson, Tapeworms, Unpublished manuscript, circa 1973. (Annotated scanned copy)
Thomas M. Liggett and Wenpin Tang, One-dependent hard-core processes and colorings of the star graph, arXiv:1804.06877 [math.PR], 2018.
L. Markenzon, O. Vernet, and P. R. da Costa Pereira, A clique-difference encoding scheme for labelled k-path graphs, Discrete Appl. Math. 156 (2008), 3216-3222.
Simon Plouffe, Approximations de séries génératrices et quelques conjectures, Dissertation, Université du Québec
Simon Plouffe, 1031 Generating Functions, Appendix to Thesis, Montreal, 1992
Gyula Tasi and Fujio Mizukami, Quantum algebraic-combinatoric study of the conformational properties of n-alkanes, J. Math. Chemistry, 25, 1999, 55-64 (see p. 60).
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Alkane Graph.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Planar Embedding.
Index entries for sequences obtained by enumerating foldings
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (4,0,-12,9).

Cf. A036359, A002216, A005963, A000228, A001997, A001444, A038766, A007051.
Column 3 of A320750, offset by one. Column k = 0 of A323942, offset by two.
Cf. A124302 (oriented), A107767 (chiral), A182522 (achiral), with varying offsets.
Column 3 of A320750.
The numbers of unlabeled k-paths for k = 2..7 are given in A005418, A001998, A056323, A056324, A056325, and A345207, respectively.
The sequences above converge to A103293(n+1).

a:=[];; for n in [2..45] do if n mod 2 =0 then Add(a,((3^((n-2)/2)+1)/2)^2); else Add(a,  3^((n-3)/2)+(1/4)*(3^(n-2)+1)); fi; od; a; # Muniru A Asiru, Oct 28 2018

A001998 := proc(n) if n = 0 then 1 elif n mod 2 = 1 then (1/4)*(3^n+4*3^((n-1)/2)+1) else (1/4)*(3^n+2*3^(n/2)+1); fi; end;
A001998:=(-1+3*z+2*z**2-8*z**3+3*z**4)/(z-1)/(3*z-1)/(3*z**2-1); # conjectured by Simon Plouffe in his 1992 dissertation; gives sequence with an extra leading 1

a[n_?OddQ] := (1/4)*(3^n + 4*3^((n - 1)/2) + 1); a[n_?EvenQ] := (1/4)*(3^n + 2*3^(n/2) + 1); Table[a[n], {n, 0, 27}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jan 25 2013, from formula *)
LinearRecurrence[{4,0,-12,9},{1,2,4,10},30] (* Harvey P. Dale, Apr 10 2013 *)
Ach[n_, k_] := Ach[n, k] = If[n<2, Boole[n==k && n>=0], k Ach[n-2,k] + Ach[n-2,k-1] + Ach[n-2,k-2]] (* A304972 *)
k=3; Table[Sum[StirlingS2[n,j]+Ach[n,j],{j,k}]/2,{n,40}] (* Robert A. Russell, Oct 28 2018 *)

Vec((1-2*x-4*x^2+6*x^3)/((1-x)*(1-3*x)*(1-3*x^2)) + O(x^50)) \\ Colin Barker, May 15 2016

a(n) = if n mod 2 = 0 then ((3^((n-2)/2)+1)/2)^2 else 3^((n-3)/2)+(1/4)*(3^(n-2)+1).
G.f.: (1-2*x-4*x^2+6*x^3) / ((1-x)*(1-3*x)*(1-3*x^2)). - Corrected by Colin Barker, May 15 2016
a(n) = 4*a(n-1)-12*a(n-3)+9*a(n-4), with a(0)=1, a(1)=2, a(2)=4, a(3)=10. - Harvey P. Dale, Apr 10 2013
a(n) = (1+3^n+3^(1/2*(-1+n))*(2-2*(-1)^n+sqrt(3)+(-1)^n*sqrt(3)))/4. - Colin Barker, May 15 2016
E.g.f.: (2*sqrt(3)*sinh(sqrt(3)*x) + 3*exp(2*x)*cosh(x) + 3*cosh(sqrt(3)*x))/6. - Ilya Gutkovskiy, May 15 2016
From Robert A. Russell, Oct 28 2018: (Start)
a(n-1) = (A124302(n) + A182522(n)) / 2 = A124302(n) - A107767(n-1) = A107767(n-1) + A182522(n).
a(n-1) = Sum_{j=1..k} (S2(n,j) + Ach(n,j)) / 2, where k=3 is the maximum number of colors, S2 is the Stirling subset number A008277, and Ach(n,k) = [n>=0 & n<2 & n==k] + [n>1]*(k*Ach(n-2,k) + Ach(n-2,k-1) + Ach(n-2,k-2)).
a(n-1) = A057427(n) + A056326(n) + A056327(n). (End)
a(2*n) = A007051(n)^2; a(2*n+1) = A007051(n)*A007051(n+1). - Todd Simpson, Mar 25 2024

Offset and Maple code corrected by Colin Mallows, Nov 12 1999

Term added by Robert A. Russell, Oct 30 2018

A143546 G.f. A(x) satisfies A(x) = 1 + xA(x)^3A(-x)^2.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 3, 5, 18, 35, 136, 285, 1155, 2530, 10530, 23751, 100688, 231880, 996336, 2330445, 10116873, 23950355, 104819165, 250543370, 1103722620, 2658968130, 11777187240, 28558343775, 127067830773, 309831575760, 1383914371728, 3390416787880, 15194457001440

Offset: 0

Paul D. Hanna, Aug 23 2008

Number of achiral polyominoes composed of n hexagonal cells of the hyperbolic regular tiling with Schläfli symbol {6,oo}. A stereographic projection of the {6,oo} tiling on the Poincaré disk can be obtained via the Christensson link. - Robert A. Russell, Jan 23 2024

Number of achiral noncrossing partitions composed of n blocks of size 5. - Andrew Howroyd, Feb 08 2024

			G.f.: A(x) = 1 + x + x^2 + 3*x^3 + 5*x^4 + 18*x^5 + 35*x^6 + 136*x^7 + ...
A(x) = 1 + x*A(x)^3*A(-x)^2 where
A(x)^3 = 1 + 3x + 6x^2 + 16x^3 + 39x^4 + 114x^5 + 304x^6 + 936x^7 + ...
A(-x)^2 = 1 - 2x + 3x^2 - 8x^3 + 17x^4 - 52x^5 + 125x^6 - 408x^7 + ...
Also, A(x) = G(x^2) + x*G(x^2)^3 where
G(x) = 1 + x + 5*x^2 + 35*x^3 + 285*x^4 + 2530*x^5 + 23751*x^6 + ...
G(x)^3 = 1 + 3*x + 18*x^2 + 136*x^3 + 1155*x^4 + 10530*x^5 + ...

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
Michel Bousquet and Cédric Lamathe, On symmetric structures of order two, Discrete Math. Theor. Comput. Sci. 10 (2008), 153-176. See Table 1. - From _N. J. A. Sloane_, Jul 12 2011
Malin Christensson, Make hyperbolic tilings of images, web page, 2019.

Column k=5 of A369929 and k=6 of A370062.
Cf. A118970.
Polyominoes: A221184(n-1) (oriented), A004127 (unoriented), A369473 (chiral), A002294 (rooted), A047749 {4,oo}, A369472 {5,oo}.

terms = 28;
A[] = 1; Do[A[x] = 1 + x A[x]^3 A[-x]^2 + O[x]^terms // Normal, {terms}];
CoefficientList[A[x], x] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 24 2018 *)
p=6; Table[If[EvenQ[n],Binomial[(p-1)n/2,n/2]/((p-2)n/2+1),If[OddQ[p],(p-1)Binomial[(p-1)n/2-1,(n-1)/2]/((p-2)n+1),p Binomial[(p-1)n/2-1/2,(n-1)/2]/((p-2)n+2)]],{n,0,35}] (* Robert A. Russell, Jan 23 2024 *)

{a(n)=my(A=1+O(x^(n+1)));for(i=0,n,A=1+x*A^3*subst(A^2,x,-x));polcoef(A,n)}

{a(n)=my(m=n\2,p=2*(n%2)+1);binomial(5*m+p-1,m)*p/(4*m+p)}

G.f.: A(x) = G(x^2) + x*G(x^2)^3 where G(x) = 1 + x*G(x)^5 is the g.f. of A002294.
a(2n) = binomial(5*n,n)/(4*n+1); a(2n+1) = binomial(5*n+2,n)*3/(4*n+3).
From Robert A. Russell, Jan 23 2024: (Start)
a(n+2)/a(n) ~ 3125/256. a(2m+1)/a(2m) ~ 75/16; a(2m)/a(2m-1) ~ 125/48.
a(n) = 2*A004127(n) - A221184(n-1) = A221184(n-1) - 2*A369473(n) = A004127(n) - A369473(n). (End)
a(2m) = A002294(m) ~ (5^5/4^4)^m*sqrt(5/(2*Pi*(4*m)^3)). - Robert A. Russell, Jul 15 2024
From Seiichi Manyama, Jul 07 2025: (Start)
G.f. A(x) satisfies A(x)*A(-x) = (A(x) + A(-x))/2 = G(x^2), where G(x) = 1 + x*G(x)^5 is the g.f. of A002294.
a(0) = 1; a(n) = Sum_{i, j, k>=0 and i+2*j+2*k=n-1} a(i) * a(2*j) * a(2*k). (End)
a(0) = 1; a(n) = Sum_{i, j, k, l, m>=0 and i+j+k+l+m=n-1} (-1)^(i+j) * a(i) * a(j) * a(k) * a(l) * a(m). - Seiichi Manyama, Jul 08 2025

A295260 Array read by antidiagonals: T(n,k) = number of nonequivalent dissections of a polygon into n k-gons by nonintersecting diagonals up to rotation and reflection (k >= 3).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 2, 5, 4, 1, 1, 3, 8, 16, 12, 1, 1, 3, 12, 33, 60, 27, 1, 1, 4, 16, 68, 194, 261, 82, 1, 1, 4, 21, 112, 483, 1196, 1243, 228, 1, 1, 5, 27, 183, 1020, 3946, 8196, 6257, 733, 1, 1, 5, 33, 266, 1918, 10222, 34485, 58140, 32721, 2282

Offset: 1

Andrew Howroyd, Nov 18 2017

The polygon prior to dissection will have n*(k-2)+2 sides.
In the Harary, Palmer and Read reference these are the sequences called h.
T(n,k) is the number of unoriented polyominoes containing n k-gonal tiles of the hyperbolic regular tiling with Schläfli symbol {k,oo}. Stereographic projections of several of these tilings on the Poincaré disk can be obtained via the Christensson link. For unoriented polyominoes, chiral pairs are counted as one. T(n,2) could represent polyominoes of the Euclidean regular tiling with Schläfli symbol {2,oo}; T(n,2) = 1. - Robert A. Russell, Jan 21 2024

			Array begins:
  ===================================================
  n\k|   3     4      5       6        7        8
  ---|-----------------------------------------------
   1 |   1     1      1       1        1        1 ...
   2 |   1     1      1       1        1        1 ...
   3 |   1     2      2       3        3        4 ...
   4 |   3     5      8      12       16       21 ...
   5 |   4    16     33      68      112      183 ...
   6 |  12    60    194     483     1020     1918 ...
   7 |  27   261   1196    3946    10222    22908 ...
   8 |  82  1243   8196   34485   109947   290511 ...
   9 | 228  6257  58140  315810  1230840  3844688 ...
  10 | 733 32721 427975 2984570 14218671 52454248 ...
  ...

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1275
Malin Christensson, Make hyperbolic tilings of images, web page, 2019.
F. Harary, E. M. Palmer and R. C. Read, On the cell-growth problem for arbitrary polygons, Discr. Math. 11 (1975), 371-389.
E. Krasko, A. Omelchenko, Brown's Theorem and its Application for Enumeration of Dissections and Planar Trees, The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 22 (2015), #P1.17.
Wikipedia, Fuss-Catalan number

Columns k=3..7 are A000207, A005036, A005040, A004127, A005419.
Cf. A033282, A295222, A295259.
Polyominoes: A295224 (oriented), A070914 (rooted).

u[n_, k_, r_] := r*Binomial[(k - 1)*n + r, n]/((k - 1)*n + r);
T[n_, k_] := (u[n, k, 1] + If[OddQ[n], u[(n - 1)/2, k, Quotient[k, 2]], If[OddQ[k], (u[n/2 - 1, k, k - 1] + u[n/2, k, 1])/2, u[n/2, k, 1]]] + (If[EvenQ[n], u[n/2, k, 1]] - u[n, k, 2])/2 + DivisorSum[GCD[n - 1, k], EulerPhi[#]*u[(n - 1)/#, k, k/#] &]/k)/2 /. Null -> 0;
Table[T[n - k + 2, k + 1], {n, 1, 11}, {k, n + 1, 2, -1}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Dec 28 2017, after Andrew Howroyd *)

\\ here u is Fuss-Catalan sequence with p = k+1.
u(n,k,r) = {r*binomial((k - 1)*n + r, n)/((k - 1)*n + r)}
T(n,k) = {(u(n,k,1) + if(n%2, u((n-1)/2,k,k\2), if(k%2, (u(n/2-1,k,(k-1)) + u(n/2,k,1))/2, u(n/2,k,1))) + (if(n%2==0, u(n/2,k,1))-u(n,k,2))/2 + sumdiv(gcd(n-1,k), d, eulerphi(d)*u((n-1)/d,k,k/d))/k)/2}
for(n=1, 10, for(k=3, 8, print1(T(n, k), ", ")); print);

T(n,k) ~ A295222(n,k)/(2*n) for fixed k.

A005036 Number of nonequivalent dissections of a polygon into n quadrilaterals by nonintersecting diagonals up to rotation and reflection.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 5, 16, 60, 261, 1243, 6257, 32721, 175760, 963900, 5374400, 30385256, 173837631, 1004867079, 5861610475, 34469014515, 204161960310, 1217145238485, 7299007647552, 44005602441840

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

Closed formula is given in my paper linked below. - Nikos Apostolakis, Aug 01 2018

Number of unoriented polyominoes composed of n square cells of the hyperbolic regular tiling with Schläfli symbol {4,oo}. A stereographic projection of this tiling on the Poincaré disk can be obtained via the Christensson link. For unoriented polyominoes, chiral pairs are counted as one. - Robert A. Russell, Jan 20 2024

N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..100
Nikos Apostolakis, Non-crossing trees, quadrangular dissections, ternary trees, and duality preserving bijections, arXiv:1807.11602 [math.CO], July 2018.
Malin Christensson, Make hyperbolic tilings of images, web page, 2019.
F. Harary, E. M. Palmer, and R. C. Read, On the cell-growth problem for arbitrary polygons, computer printout, circa 1974
F. Harary, E. M. Palmer and R. C. Read, On the cell-growth problem for arbitrary polygons, Discr. Math. 11 (1975), 371-389.
E. V. Konstantinova, A survey of the cell-growth problem and some its variations, Com 2 MaC-KOSEF, 2001. (Archived link.)
Index entries for "core" sequences

Column k=4 of A295260.
Cf. A005419, A004127.
Polyominoes: A005034 (oriented), A369315 (chiral), A047749 (achiral), A385149 (asymmetric), A001764 (rooted), A000207 {3,oo}, A005040 {5,oo}, A005038 {5,oo} (oriented).

p=4; Table[(Binomial[(p-1)n, n]/(((p-2)n+1)((p-2)n+2)) + If[OddQ[n], If[OddQ[p], Binomial[(p-1)n/2, (n-1)/2]/n, (p+1)Binomial[((p-1)n-1)/2, (n-1)/2]/((p-2)n+2)], 3Binomial[(p-1)n/2, n/2]/((p-2)n+2)]+Plus @@ Map[EulerPhi[ # ]Binomial[((p-1)n+1)/#, (n-1)/# ]/((p-1)n+1)&, Complement[Divisors[GCD[p, n-1]], {1, 2}]])/2, {n, 1, 20}] (* Robert A. Russell, Dec 11 2004 *)
Table[(3Binomial[3n,n]/(2n+1)-Binomial[3n+1,n]/(n+1)-If[OddQ[n],-10Binomial[(3n-1)/2,(n-1)/2]-If[1==Mod[n,4],4Binomial[(3n-3)/4,(n-1)/4],0],-6Binomial[3n/2,n/2]]/(n+1))/8,{n,0,30}] (* Robert A. Russell, Jun 19 2025 *)

a(n) ~ 3^(3*n + 1/2) / (sqrt(Pi) * n^(5/2) * 2^(2*n + 4)). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 13 2016
a(n) = A005034(n) - A369315(n) = (A005034(n) + A047749(n)) / 2 = A369315(n) + A047749(n). - Robert A. Russell, Jan 19 2024
G.f.: (3*G(z) - G(z)^2 + 6*G(z^2) + 5z*G(z^2)^2 + 2z*G(z^4)) / 8, where G(z)=1+z*G(z)^3 is the g.f. for A001764. - Robert A. Russell, Jun 19 2025

More terms from Sascha Kurz, Oct 13 2001

Name edited by Andrew Howroyd, Nov 20 2017

A002216 Harary-Read numbers: restricted hexagonal polyominoes (cata-polyhexes) with n cells.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 1, 2, 5, 12, 37, 123, 446, 1689, 6693, 27034, 111630, 467262, 1981353, 8487400, 36695369, 159918120, 701957539, 3101072051, 13779935438, 61557789660, 276327463180, 1245935891922, 5640868033058, 25635351908072, 116911035023017

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

Named after the American mathematician Frank Harary (1921-2005) and the British mathematician Ronald Cedric Read (1924-2019). - Amiram Eldar, Jun 22 2021

S. J. Cyvin, J. Brunvoll, X. F. Guo and F. J. Zhang, Number of perifusenes with one internal vertex, Rev. Roumaine Chem., Vol. 38, No. 1 (1993), pp. 65-77.
S. J. Cyvin, B. N. Cyvin, and J. Brunvoll, Enumeration of tree-like octagonal systems: catapolyoctagons, ACH Models in Chem., Vol. 134, No. 1 (1997), pp. 55-70.
J. L. Faulon, D. Visco and D. Roe, Enumerating Molecules, In: Reviews in Computational Chemistry Vol. 21, Ed. K. Lipkowitz, Wiley-VCH, 2005.
Wenchen He and Wenjie He, Generation and enumeration of planar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Tetrahedron, Vol. 42, No. 19 (1986), pp. 5291-5299. See Table 3.
J. V. Knop, K. Szymansky, Željko Jeričević and Nenad Trinajstić, On the total number of polyhexes, Match, Vol. 16 (1984), pp. 119-134.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
N. Trinajstich, Z. Jerievi, J. V. Knop, W. R. Muller and K. Szymanski, Computer generation of isomeric structures, Pure & Appl. Chem., Vol. 55, No. 2 (1983), pp. 379-390.

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200
L. W. Beineke and R. E. Pippert, On the enumeration of planar trees of hexagons, Glasgow Math. J., Vol. 15, No. 2 (1974), pp. 131-147.
L. W. Beineke and R. E. Pippert, On the enumeration of planar trees of hexagons, Glasgow Math. J., Vol. 15, No. 2 (1974), pp. 131-147. [Annotated scanned copy]
S. J. Cyvin, J. Brunvoll and B. N. Cyvin, Harary-Read numbers for catafusenes: Complete classification according to symmetry, Journal of mathematical chemistry, Vol. 9, No. 1 (1992), pp. 19-31 and 33-38. See Table 2.
F. Harary and R. C. Read, The enumeration of tree-like polyhexes, Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc., Vol. 17, No. 1 (1970), pp. 1-13; alternative link.
J. V. Knop, K. Szymanski, Ž. Jeričević, and N. Trinajstić, On the total number of polyhexes, Match, No. 16 (1984), 119-134.
R. C. Read, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Feb 12 1971. (includes 40 terms of A002212 and A002216)
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Polyhex.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Fusene.

Cf. A036359, A005963, A000228, A001998.

Cf. A002212, A002213, A002214, A002215.

CoefficientList[Series[(12+(1-5*x)^(3/2)*(1-x)^(3/2)+24*x-48*x^2- 24*x^3- 3*(3+5 x)*Sqrt[1-5*x^2]*Sqrt[1-x^2]-4*Sqrt[1-5*x^3]*Sqrt[1-x^3])/ (24*x^2),{x,0,40}],x] (* Harvey P. Dale, Dec 23 2013 *)

G.f.: (1/(24*x^2))*(12+24*x-48*x^2-24*x^3 +(1-x)^(3/2)*(1-5*x)^(3/2)-3*(3+5*x)*(1-x^2)^(1/2)*(1-5*x^2)^(1/2) -4*(1-x^3)^(1/2)*(1-5*x^3)^(1/2)).
a(n) = (1/2)[A002214(n)+A002215(n)], n>=1. - Emeric Deutsch, Dec 23 2003
a(n) ~ 5^(n+1/2)/(4*sqrt(Pi)*n^(5/2)). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Aug 09 2013

cp's OEIS Frontend

A002212 Number of restricted hexagonal polyominoes with n cells.

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A002294 a(n) = binomial(5*n, n)/(4*n + 1).

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A001998 Bending a piece of wire of length n+1; walks of length n+1 on a tetrahedron; also non-branched catafusenes with n+2 condensed hexagons.

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A143546 G.f. A(x) satisfies A(x) = 1 + x*A(x)^3*A(-x)^2.

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A295260 Array read by antidiagonals: T(n,k) = number of nonequivalent dissections of a polygon into n k-gons by nonintersecting diagonals up to rotation and reflection (k >= 3).

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A002294 a(n) = binomial(5n, n)/(4n + 1).

A143546 G.f. A(x) satisfies A(x) = 1 + xA(x)^3A(-x)^2.