A010036 -id:A010036 - cp's OEIS frontend

A006516 a(n) = 2^(n-1)*(2^n - 1), n >= 0.

0, 1, 6, 28, 120, 496, 2016, 8128, 32640, 130816, 523776, 2096128, 8386560, 33550336, 134209536, 536854528, 2147450880, 8589869056, 34359607296, 137438691328, 549755289600, 2199022206976, 8796090925056, 35184367894528, 140737479966720, 562949936644096

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

a(n) is also the number of different lines determined by pair of vertices in an n-dimensional hypercube. The number of these lines modulo being parallel is in A003462. - Ola Veshta (olaveshta(AT)my-deja.com), Feb 15 2001
Let G_n be the elementary Abelian group G_n = (C_2)^n for n >= 1: A006516 is the number of times the number -1 appears in the character table of G_n and A007582 is the number of times the number 1. Together the two sequences cover all the values in the table, i.e., A006516(n) + A007582(n) = 2^(2n). - Ahmed Fares (ahmedfares(AT)my-deja.com), Jun 01 2001
a(n) is the number of n-letter words formed using four distinct letters, one of which appears an odd number of times. - Lekraj Beedassy, Jul 22 2003 [See, e.g., the Balakrishnan reference, problems 2.67 and 2.68, p. 69. - Wolfdieter Lang, Jul 16 2017]
Number of 0's making up the central triangle in a Pascal's triangle mod 2 gasket. - Lekraj Beedassy, May 14 2004
m-th triangular number, where m is the n-th Mersenne number, i.e., a(n)=A000217(A000225(n)). - Lekraj Beedassy, May 25 2004
Number of walks of length 2n+1 between two nodes at distance 3 in the cycle graph C_8. - Herbert Kociemba, Jul 02 2004
The sequence of fractions a(n+1)/(n+1) is the 3rd binomial transform of (1, 0, 1/3, 0, 1/5, 0, 1/7, ...). - Paul Barry, Aug 05 2005
Number of monic irreducible polynomials of degree 2 in GF(2^n)[x]. - Max Alekseyev, Jan 23 2006
(A007582(n))^2 + a(n)^2 = A007582(2n). E.g., A007582(3) = 36, a(3) = 28; A007582(6) = 2080. 36^2 + 28^2 = 2080. - Gary W. Adamson, Jun 17 2006
The sequence 6*a(n), n>=1, gives the number of edges of the Hanoi graph H_4^{n} with 4 pegs and n>=1 discs. - Daniele Parisse, Jul 28 2006
8*a(n) is the total border length of the 4*n masks used when making an order n regular DNA chip, using the bidimensional Gray code suggested by Pevzner in the book "Computational Molecular Biology." - Bruno Petazzoni (bruno(AT)enix.org), Apr 05 2007
If we start with 1 in binary and at each step we prepend 1 and append 0, we construct this sequence: 1 110 11100 1111000 etc.; see A109241(n-1). - Artur Jasinski, Nov 26 2007
Let P(A) be the power set of an n-element set A. Then a(n) = the number of pairs of elements {x,y} of P(A) for which x does not equal y. - Ross La Haye, Jan 02 2008
Wieder calls these "conjoint usual 2-combinations." The set of "conjoint strict k-combinations" is the subset of conjoint usual k-combinations where the empty set and the set itself are excluded from possible selection. These numbers C(2^n - 2,k), which for k = 2 (i.e., {x,y} of the power set of a set) give {1, 0, 1, 15, 91, 435, 1891, 7875, 32131, 129795, 521731, ...}. - Ross La Haye, Jan 15 2008
If n is a member of A000043 then a(n) is also a perfect number (A000396). - Omar E. Pol, Aug 30 2008
a(n) is also the number whose binary representation is A109241(n-1), for n>0. - Omar E. Pol, Aug 31 2008
From Daniel Forgues, Nov 10 2009: (Start)
If we define a spoof-perfect number as:
A spoof-perfect number is a number that would be perfect if some (one or more) of its odd composite factors were wrongly assumed to be prime, i.e., taken as a spoof prime.
And if we define a "strong" spoof-perfect number as:
A "strong" spoof-perfect number is a spoof-perfect number where sigma(n) does not reveal the compositeness of the odd composite factors of n which are wrongly assumed to be prime, i.e., taken as a spoof prime.
The odd composite factors of n which are wrongly assumed to be prime then have to be obtained additively in sigma(n) and not multiplicatively.
Then:
If 2^n-1 is odd composite but taken as a spoof prime then 2^(n-1)*(2^n - 1) is an even spoof perfect number (and moreover "strong" spoof-perfect).
For example:
a(8) = 2^(8-1)*(2^8 - 1) = 128*255 = 32640 (where 255 (with factors 3*5*17) is taken as a spoof prime);
sigma(a(8)) = (2^8 - 1)*(255 + 1) = 255*256 = 2*(128*255) = 2*32640 = 2n is spoof-perfect (and also "strong" spoof-perfect since 255 is obtained additively);
a(11) = 2^(11-1)*(2^11 - 1) = 1024*2047 = 2096128 (where 2047 (with factors 23*89) is taken as a spoof prime);
sigma(a(11)) = (2^11 - 1)*(2047 + 1) = 2047*2048 = 2*(1024*2047) = 2*2096128 = 2n is spoof-perfect (and also "strong" spoof-perfect since 2047 is obtained additively).
I did a Google search and didn't find anything about the distinction between "strong" versus "weak" spoof-perfect numbers. Maybe some other terminology is used.
An example of an even "weak" spoof-perfect number would be:
n = 90 = 2*5*9 (where 9 (with factors 3^2) is taken as a spoof prime);
sigma(n) = (1+2)*(1+5)*(1+9) = 3*(2*3)*(2*5) = 2*(2*5*(3^2)) = 2*90 = 2n is spoof-perfect (but is not "strong" spoof-perfect since 9 is obtained multiplicatively as 3^2 and is thus revealed composite).
Euler proved:
If 2^k - 1 is a prime number, then 2^(k-1)*(2^k - 1) is a perfect number and every even perfect number has this form.
The following seems to be true (is there a proof?):
If 2^k - 1 is an odd composite number taken as a spoof prime, then 2^(k-1)*(2^k - 1) is a "strong" spoof-perfect number and every even "strong" spoof-perfect number has this form?
There is only one known odd spoof-perfect number (found by Rene Descartes) but it is a "weak" spoof-perfect number (cf. 'Descartes numbers' and 'Unsolved problems in number theory' links below). (End)
a(n+1) = A173787(2*n+1,n); cf. A020522, A059153. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 28 2010
Also, row sums of triangle A139251. - Omar E. Pol, May 25 2010
Starting with "1" = (1, 1, 2, 4, 8, ...) convolved with A002450: (1, 5, 21, 85, 341, ...); and (1, 3, 7, 15, 31, ...) convolved with A002001: (1, 3, 12, 48, 192, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Oct 26 2010
a(n) is also the number of toothpicks in the corner toothpick structure of A153006 after 2^n - 1 stages. - Omar E. Pol, Nov 20 2010
The number of n-dimensional odd theta functions of half-integral characteristic. (Gunning, p.22) - Michael Somos, Jan 03 2014
a(n) = A000217((2^n)-1) = 2^(2n-1) - 2^(n-1) is the nearest triangular number below 2^(2n-1); cf. A007582, A233327. - Antti Karttunen, Feb 26 2014
a(n) is the sum of all the remainders when all the odd numbers < 2^n are divided by each of the powers 2,4,8,...,2^n. - J. M. Bergot, May 07 2014
Let b(m,k) = number of ways to form a sequence of m selections, without replacement, from a circular array of m labeled cells, such that the first selection of a cell whose adjacent cells have already been selected (a "first connect") occurs on the k-th selection. b(m,k) is defined for m >=3, and for 3 <= k <= m. Then b(m,k)/2m ignores rotations and reflection. Let m=n+2, then a(n) = b(m,m-1)/2m. Reiterated, a(n) is the (m-1)th column of the triangle b(m,k)/2m, whose initial rows are (1), (1 2), (2 6 4), (6 18 28 8), (24 72 128 120 16), (120 360 672 840 496 32), (720 2160 4128 5760 5312 2016 64); see A249796. Note also that b(m,3)/2m = n!, and b(m,m)/2m = 2^n. Proofs are easy. - Tony Bartoletti, Oct 30 2014
Beginning at a(1) = 1, this sequence is the sum of the first 2^(n-1) numbers of the form 4*k + 1 = A016813(k). For example, a(4) = 120 = 1 + 5 + 9 + 13 + 17 + 21 + 25 + 29. - J. M. Bergot, Dec 07 2014
a(n) is the number of edges in the (2^n - 1)-dimensional simplex. - Dimitri Boscainos, Oct 05 2015
a(n) is the number of linear elements in a complete plane graph in 2^n points. - Dimitri Boscainos, Oct 05 2015
a(n) is the number of linear elements in a complete parallelotope graph in n dimensions. - Dimitri Boscainos, Oct 05 2015
a(n) is the number of lattices L in Z^n such that the quotient group Z^n / L is C_4. - Álvar Ibeas, Nov 26 2015
a(n) gives the quadratic coefficient of the polynomial ((x + 1)^(2^n) + (x - 1)^(2^n))/2, cf. A201461. - Martin Renner, Jan 14 2017
Let f(x)=x+2*sqrt(x) and g(x)=x-2*sqrt(x). Then f(4^n*x)=b(n)*f(x)+a(n)*g(x) and g(4^n*x)=a(n)*f(x)+b(n)*g(x), where b is A007582. - Luc Rousseau, Dec 06 2018
For n>=1, a(n) is the covering radius of the first order Reed-Muller code RM(1,2n). - Christof Beierle, Dec 22 2021
a(n) =

			G.f. = x + 6*x^2 + 28*x^3 + 120*x^4 + 496*x^5 + 2016*x^6 + 8128*x^7 + 32640*x^8 + ...

V. K. Balakrishnan, Theory and problems of Combinatorics, "Schaum's Outline Series", McGraw-Hill, 1995, p. 69.
Martin Gardner, Mathematical Carnival, "Pascal's Triangle", p. 201, Alfred A. Knopf NY, 1975.
Richard K. Guy, Unsolved problems in number theory, (p. 72).
Ross Honsberger, Mathematical Gems, M.A.A., 1973, p. 113.
Clifford A. Pickover, Wonders of Numbers, Chap. 55, Oxford Univ. Press NY 2000.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n=0..200
David Applegate, Omar E. Pol and N. J. A. Sloane, The Toothpick Sequence and Other Sequences from Cellular Automata, Congressus Numerantium, Vol. 206 (2010), 157-191. [There is a typo in Theorem 6: (13) should read u(n) = 4.3^(wt(n-1)-1) for n >= 2.]
M. Archibald, A. Blecher, A. Knopfmacher and M. E. Mays, Inversions and Parity in Compositions of Integers, J. Int. Seq., Vol. 23 (2020), Article 20.4.1.
William Banks, Ahmet Güloğlu, Wesley Nevans and Filip Saidak, Descartes numbers, Anatomy of integers, 167-173, CRM Proc. Lecture Notes, 46, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 2008. MathSciNet review (subscription required).
Taylor Brysiewicz, Holger Eble, and Lukas Kühne, Enumerating chambers of hyperplane arrangements with symmetry, arXiv:2105.14542 [math.CO], 2021.
John Elias, Illustration of initial terms: Mersenne-Sierpinski Triangles
Farideh Firoozbakht and M. F. Hasler, Variations on Euclid's formula for Perfect Numbers, JIS 13 (2010) #10.3.1.
R. C. Gunning, Riemann Surfaces and Second-Order Theta Functions, Springer-Verlag, 1976. See page 22.
Ross La Haye, Binary Relations on the Power Set of an n-Element Set, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 12 (2009), Article 09.2.6.
T. Helleseth, T. Klove and J.Mykkeltveit, On the covering radius of binary codes (Corresp.), IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. 24 (1978).
V. Meally, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, May 1975
Axel Muller, Metod Saniga, Alain Giorgetti, Henri de Boutray, and Frédéric Holweck, New and improved bounds on the contextuality degree of multi-qubit configurations, arXiv:2305.10225 [quant-ph], 2023.
Simon Plouffe, Approximations de séries génératrices et quelques conjectures, Dissertation, Université du Québec à Montréal, 1992; arXiv:0911.4975 [math.NT], 2009.
Simon Plouffe, 1031 Generating Functions, Appendix to Thesis, Montreal, 1992.
O. S. Rothaus, On "bent" functions, Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A, Vol. 20 (1976).
N. J. A. Sloane, Catalog of Toothpick and Cellular Automata Sequences in the OEIS
Thomas Wieder, The number of certain k-combinations of an n-set, Applied Mathematics Electronic Notes, vol. 8 (2008).
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (6,-8).

Equals A006095(n+1) - A006095(n). In other words, A006095 gives the partial sums.
Cf. A000108, A007582, A010036, A016290, A003462, A079598, A134346, A048473, A151821, A010684.
Cf. A000043, A000396. - Omar E. Pol, Aug 30 2008
Cf. A109241, A139251, A153006. - Omar E. Pol, Aug 31 2008, May 25 2010, Nov 20 2010
Cf. A002450, A002001. - Gary W. Adamson, Oct 26 2010
Cf. A049072, A000384, A201461, A005059 (binomial transform, and special 5-letter words), A065442, A211705.
Cf. A171476.

List([0..25],n->2^(n-1)*(2^n-1)); # Muniru A Asiru, Dec 06 2018

a006516 n = a006516_list !! n
a006516_list = 0 : 1 :
    zipWith (-) (map (* 6) $ tail a006516_list) (map (* 8) a006516_list)
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Oct 25 2013

[2^(n-1)*(2^n - 1): n in [0..30]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Oct 31 2014

GBC := proc(n,k,q) local i; mul( (q^(n-i)-1)/(q^(k-i)-1),i=0..k-1); end; # define q-ary Gaussian binomial coefficient [ n,k ]_q
[ seq(GBC(n+1,2,2)-GBC(n,2,2), n=0..30) ]; # produces A006516
A006516:=1/(4*z-1)/(2*z-1); # Simon Plouffe in his 1992 dissertation
seq(binomial(2^n, 2), n=0..19); # Zerinvary Lajos, Feb 22 2008

Table[2^(n - 1)(2^n - 1), {n, 0, 30}] (* or *) LinearRecurrence[{6, -8}, {0, 1}, 30] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 15 2011 *)

A006516(n):=2^(n-1)*(2^n - 1)$ makelist(A006516(n),n,0,30); /* Martin Ettl, Nov 15 2012 */

a(n)=(1<Charles R Greathouse IV, Jun 10 2011

vector(100, n, n--; 2^(n-1)*(2^n-1)) \\ Altug Alkan, Oct 06 2015

for n in range(0, 30): print(2**(n-1)*(2**n - 1), end=', ') # Stefano Spezia, Dec 06 2018

[lucas_number1(n,6,8) for n in range(24)]  # Zerinvary Lajos, Apr 22 2009

[(4**n - 2**n) / 2 for n in range(24)]  # Zerinvary Lajos, Jun 05 2009

G.f.: x/((1 - 2*x)*(1 - 4*x)).
E.g.f. for a(n+1), n>=0: 2*exp(4*x) - exp(2*x).
a(n) = 2^(n-1)*Stirling2(n+1,2), n>=0, with Stirling2(n,m)=A008277(n,m).
Second column of triangle A075497.
a(n) = Stirling2(2^n,2^n-1) = binomial(2^n,2). - Ross La Haye, Jan 12 2008
a(n+1) = 4*a(n) + 2^n. - Philippe Deléham, Feb 20 2004
Convolution of 4^n and 2^n. - Ross La Haye, Oct 29 2004
a(n+1) = Sum_{k=0..n} Sum_{j=0..n} 4^(n-j)*binomial(j,k). - Paul Barry, Aug 05 2005
a(n+2) = 6*a(n+1) - 8*a(n), a(1) = 1, a(2) = 6. - Daniele Parisse, Jul 28 2006 [Typo corrected by Yosu Yurramendi, Aug 06 2008]
Row sums of triangle A134346. Also, binomial transform of A048473: (1, 5, 17, 53, 161, ...); double bt of A151821: (1, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, ...) and triple bt of A010684: (1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Oct 21 2007
a(n) = 3*Stirling2(n+1,4) + Stirling2(n+2,3). - Ross La Haye, Jun 01 2008
a(n) = (4^n - 2^n)/2.
a(n) = A153006(2^n-1). - Omar E. Pol, Nov 20 2010
Sum_{n>=1} 1/a(n) = 2 * (A065442 - 1) = A211705 - 2. - Amiram Eldar, Dec 24 2020
a(n) = binomial(2*n+2, n+1) - Catalan(n+2). - N. J. A. Sloane, Apr 01 2021
a(n) = A171476(n-1), for n >= 1, and a(0) = 0. - Wolfdieter Lang, Jul 27 2022

A059893 Reverse the order of all but the most significant bit in binary expansion of n: if n = 1ab..yz then a(n) = 1zy..ba.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 5, 7, 8, 12, 10, 14, 9, 13, 11, 15, 16, 24, 20, 28, 18, 26, 22, 30, 17, 25, 21, 29, 19, 27, 23, 31, 32, 48, 40, 56, 36, 52, 44, 60, 34, 50, 42, 58, 38, 54, 46, 62, 33, 49, 41, 57, 37, 53, 45, 61, 35, 51, 43, 59, 39, 55, 47, 63, 64, 96, 80, 112, 72, 104, 88, 120

Offset: 1

Marc LeBrun, Feb 06 2001

A self-inverse permutation of the natural numbers.
a(n)=n if and only if A081242(n) is a palindrome. - Clark Kimberling, Mar 12 2003
a(n) is the position in B of the reversal of the n-th term of B, where B is the left-to-right binary enumeration sequence (A081242 with the empty word attached as first term). - Clark Kimberling, Mar 12 2003
From Antti Karttunen, Oct 28 2001: (Start)
When certain Stern-Brocot tree-related permutations are conjugated with this permutation, they induce a permutation on Z (folded to N), which is an infinite siteswap permutation (see, e.g., figure 7 in the Buhler and Graham paper, which is permutation A065174). We get:
   A065260(n) = a(A057115(a(n))),
   A065266(n) = a(A065264(a(n))),
   A065272(n) = a(A065270(a(n))),
   A065278(n) = a(A065276(a(n))),
   A065284(n) = a(A065282(a(n))),
   A065290(n) = a(A065288(a(n))). (End)
Every nonnegative integer has a unique representation c(1) + c(2)*2 + c(3)*2^2 + c(4)*2^3 + ..., where every c(i) is 0 or 1. Taking tuples of coefficients in lexical order (i.e., 0, 1; 01,11; 001,011,101,111; ...) yields A059893. - Clark Kimberling, Mar 15 2015
From Ed Pegg Jr, Sep 09 2015: (Start)
The reduced rationals can be ordered either as the Calkin-Wilf tree A002487(n)/A002487(n+1) or the Stern-Brocot tree A007305(n+2)/A047679(n). The present sequence gives the order of matching rationals in the other sequence.
For reference, the Calkin-Wilf tree is 1, 1/2, 2, 1/3, 3/2, 2/3, 3, 1/4, 4/3, 3/5, 5/2, 2/5, 5/3, 3/4, 4, 1/5, 5/4, 4/7, 7/3, 3/8, 8/5, 5/7, 7/2, 2/7, 7/5, 5/8, 8/3, 3/7, 7/4, 4/5, ..., which is A002487(n)/A002487(n+1).
The Stern-Brocot tree is 1, 1/2, 2, 1/3, 2/3, 3/2, 3, 1/4, 2/5, 3/5, 3/4, 4/3, 5/3, 5/2, 4, 1/5, 2/7, 3/8, 3/7, 4/7, 5/8, 5/7, 4/5, 5/4, 7/5, 8/5, 7/4, 7/3, 8/3, 7/2, ..., which is A007305(n+2)/A047679(n).
There is a great little OEIS-is-useful story here. I had code for the position of fractions in the Calkin-Wilf tree. The best I had for positions of fractions in the Stern-Brocot tree was the paper "Locating terms in the Stern-Brocot tree" by Bruce Bates, Martin Bunder, Keith Tognetti. The method was opaque to me, so I used my Calkin-Wilf code on the Stern-Brocot fractions, and got A059893. And thus the problem was solved. (End)

			a(11) = a(1011) = 1110 = 14.
With empty word e prefixed, A081242 becomes (e,1,2,11,21,12,22,111,211,121,221,112,...); (reversal of term #9) = (term #12); i.e., a(9)=12 and a(12)=9. - _Clark Kimberling_, Mar 12 2003
From _Philippe Deléham_, Jun 02 2015: (Start)
This sequence regarded as a triangle with rows of lengths 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, ...:
   1;
   2,  3;
   4,  6,  5,  7;
   8, 12, 10, 14,  9,  13,  11,  15;
  16, 24, 20, 28, 18,  26,  22,  30,  17,  25,  21,  29,  19,  27,  23,  31;
  32, 48, 40, 56, 36,  52,  44, ...
Row sums = A010036. (End)

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..8191 (first 1023 terms from T. D. Noe)
Bruce Bates, Martin Bunder, and Keith Tognetti, Locating terms in the Stern-Brocot tree, European Journal of Combinatorics 31.3 (2010): 1020-1033.
Joe Buhler and R. L. Graham, Juggling Drops and Descents, Amer. Math. Monthly, 101, (no. 6) 1994, 507-519.
Dana G. Korssjoen, Biyao Li, Stefan Steinerberger, Raghavendra Tripathi, and Ruimin Zhang, Finding structure in sequences of real numbers via graph theory: a problem list, arXiv:2012.04625, 2020-2021.
Wikipedia, Calkin-Wilf Tree.
Wikipedia, Stern-Brocot tree.
Index entries for sequences related to Stern's sequences
Index entries for sequences that are permutations of the natural numbers

{A000027, A054429, A059893, A059894} form a 4-group.
The set of permutations {A059893, A080541, A080542} generates an infinite dihedral group.
Cf. A000079, A000523, A007931, A030308.
In other bases: A351702 (balanced ternary), A343150 (Zeckendorf), A343152 (lazy Fibonacci).

a059893 = foldl (\v b -> v * 2 + b) 1 . init . a030308_row
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, May 01 2013
(Scheme, with memoization-macro definec)
(definec (A059893 n) (if (<= n 1) n (let* ((k (- (A000523 n) 1)) (r (A059893 (- n (A000079 k))))) (if (= 2 (floor->exact (/ n (A000079 k)))) (* 2 r) (+ 1 r)))))
;; Antti Karttunen, May 16 2015

# Implements Bottomley's formula
A059893 := proc(n) option remember; local k; if(1 = n) then RETURN(1); fi; k := floor_log_2(n)-1; if(2 = floor(n/(2^k))) then RETURN(2*A059893(n-(2^k))); else RETURN(1+A059893(n-(2^k))); fi; end;
floor_log_2 := proc(n) local nn,i; nn := n; for i from -1 to n do if(0 = nn) then RETURN(i); fi; nn := floor(nn/2); od; end;
# second Maple program:
a:= proc(n) local i, m, r; m, r:= n, 0;
      for i from 0 while m>1 do r:= 2*r +irem(m,2,'m') od;
      r +2^i
    end:
seq(a(n), n=1..100);  # Alois P. Heinz, Feb 28 2015

A059893 = Reap[ For[n=1, n <= 100, n++, a=1; b=n; While[b > 1, a = 2*a + 2*FractionalPart[b/2]; b=Floor[b/2]]; Sow[a]]][[2, 1]] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 16 2012, after Harry J. Smith *)
ro[n_]:=Module[{idn=IntegerDigits[n,2]},FromDigits[Join[{First[idn]}, Reverse[ Rest[idn]]],2]]; Array[ro,80] (* Harvey P. Dale, Oct 24 2012 *)

a(n) = my(b=binary(n)); fromdigits(concat(b[1], Vecrev(vector(#b-1, k, b[k+1]))), 2); \\ Michel Marcus, Sep 29 2021

def a(n): return int('1' + bin(n)[3:][::-1], 2)
print([a(n) for n in range(1, 101)]) # Indranil Ghosh, Mar 21 2017

maxrow <- 6 # by choice
a <- 1
for(m in 0:maxrow) for(k in 0:(2^m-1)) {
  a[2^(m+1)+    k] <- 2*a[2^m+k]
  a[2^(m+1)+2^m+k] <- 2*a[2^m+k] + 1
}
a
# Yosu Yurramendi, Mar 20 2017

maxblock <- 7 # by choice
a <- 1
for(n in 2:2^maxblock){
  ones <- which(as.integer(intToBits(n)) == 1)
  nbit <- as.integer(intToBits(n))[1:tail(ones, n = 1)]
  anbit <- nbit
  anbit[1:(length(anbit) - 1)] <- anbit[rev(1:(length(anbit)-1))]
  a <- c(a, sum(anbit*2^(0:(length(anbit) - 1))))
}
a
# Yosu Yurramendi, Apr 25 2021

a(n) = A030109(n) + A053644(n). If 2*2^k <= n < 3*2^k then a(n) = 2*a(n-2^k); if 3*2^k <= n < 4*2^k then a(n) = 1 + a(n-2^k) starting with a(1)=1. - Henry Bottomley, Sep 13 2001

A055010 a(0) = 0; for n > 0, a(n) = 3*2^(n-1) - 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 2, 5, 11, 23, 47, 95, 191, 383, 767, 1535, 3071, 6143, 12287, 24575, 49151, 98303, 196607, 393215, 786431, 1572863, 3145727, 6291455, 12582911, 25165823, 50331647, 100663295, 201326591, 402653183, 805306367, 1610612735, 3221225471, 6442450943, 12884901887

Offset: 0

Henry Bottomley, May 31 2000

Apart from leading term (which should really be 3/2), same as A083329.
Written in binary, a(n) is 1011111...1.
The sequence 2, 5, 11, 23, 47, 95, ... apparently gives values of n such that Nim-factorial(n) = 2. Cf. A059970. However, compare A060152. More work is needed! - John W. Layman, Mar 09 2001
With offset 1, number of (132,3412)-avoiding two-stack sortable permutations.
Number of descents after n+1 iterations of morphism A007413.
a(n) = A164874(n,1), n>0; subsequence of A030130. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Aug 29 2009
Let A be the Hessenberg matrix of order n, defined by: A[1,j]=[i,i]:=1, A[i,i-1]=-1, and A[i,j]=0 otherwise. Then, for n>=1, a(n-1)=(-1)^n*charpoly(A,-1). - Milan Janjic, Jan 24 2010
a(n) is the total number of records over all length n binary words. A record in a word a_1,a_2,...,a_n is a letter a_j that is larger than all the preceding letters. That is, a_j>a_i for all iGeoffrey Critzer, Jul 18 2020
Called Thabit numbers after the Syrian mathematician Thābit ibn Qurra (826 or 836 - 901). - Amiram Eldar, Jun 08 2021
a(n) is the number of objects in a pile that represents a losing position in a Nim game, where a player must select at least one object but not more than half of the remaining objects, on their turn. - Kiran Ananthpur Bacche, Feb 03 2025

			a(3) = 3*2^2 - 1 = 3*4 - 1 = 11.

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
Eric S. Egge and Toufik Mansour, 132-avoiding Two-stack Sortable Permutations, Fibonacci Numbers, and Pell Numbers, arXiv:math/0205206 [math.CO], 2002.
Sergey Kitaev and Toufik Mansour, Counting the occurrences of generalized patterns in words generated by a morphism, arXiv:math/0210170 [math.CO], 2002.
Hunar Sherzad Taher and Saroj Kumar Dash, On sums of k-generalized Fibonacci and k-generalized Lucas numbers as first and second kinds of Thabit numbers, Notes Num. Theor. Disc. Math. (2025) Vol. 31, No. 3, 448-459. See p. 2.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Thabit ibn Kurrah Number.
Wikipedia, Thabit number.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (3,-2).

Cf. A007505 for primes in this sequence. Apart from initial term, same as A052940 and A083329.
Cf. A266550 (independence number of the n-Mycielski graph).
Cf. A000079, A000225, A007283, A007413, A010036, A030130, A033484, A059970, A060152, A099258, A118654, A164874, A196168.

Concatenation([0], List([1..35], n-> 3*2^(n-1)-1)); # G. C. Greubel, May 06 2019

[Floor(3*2^(n-1) - 1): n in [0..35]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, May 18 2011

Join[{0},3*2^Range[0,34]-1] (* Harvey P. Dale, May 05 2013 *)

a(n)=3*2^n\2 - 1 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Apr 08 2016

[0]+[3*2^(n-1)-1 for n in (1..35)] # G. C. Greubel, May 06 2019

a(n) = A118654(n-1, 4), for n > 0.
a(n) = 2*a(n-1) + 1 = a(n-1) + A007283(n-1) = A007283(n)-1 = A000079(n) + A000225(n + 1) = A000079(n + 1) + A000225(n) = 3*A000079(n) - 1 = 3*A000225(n) + 2.
a(n) = A010036(n)/2^(n-1). - Philippe Deléham, Feb 20 2004
a(n) = A099258(A033484(n)-1) = floor(A033484(n)/2). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Oct 09 2004
G.f.: x*(2-x)/((1-x)*(1-2*x)). - Philippe Deléham, Oct 04 2011
a(n+1) = A196168(A000079(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Oct 28 2011
E.g.f.: (3*exp(2*x) - 2*exp(x) - 1)/2. - Stefano Spezia, Sep 14 2024

A077643 Number of squarefree integers in closed interval [2^n, -1 + 2*2^n], i.e., among 2^n consecutive numbers beginning with 2^n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 5, 9, 19, 39, 79, 157, 310, 621, 1246, 2491, 4980, 9958, 19924, 39844, 79672, 159365, 318736, 637457, 1274916, 2549816, 5099651, 10199363, 20398663, 40797299, 81594571, 163189087, 326378438, 652756861, 1305513511, 2611026987, 5222053970, 10444108084

Offset: 0

Labos Elemer, Nov 14 2002

nonn

Number of squarefree numbers with binary expansion of length n, or with n bits. The sum of these numbers is given by A373123. - Gus Wiseman, Jun 02 2024

			For n=4: among the 16 numbers of {16, ..., 31}, nine are squarefree [17, 19, 21, 22, 23, 26, 29, 30, 31], so a(4) = 9.

Amiram Eldar, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..63 (calculated from the b-file at A143658)

Cf. A077641, A077642.
Partial sums (except first term) are A143658.
Run-lengths of A372475.
The minimum is A372683, delta A373125, indices A372540.
The maximum is A372889 (except at n=1), delta A373126, indices A143658.
Row-sums are A373123.
A005117 lists squarefree numbers, first differences A076259.
A053797 gives nonempty lengths of exclusive gaps between squarefree numbers.
A029837 counts bits, row-lengths of A030190 and A030308.
For primes between powers of 2:
- sum A293697
- length A036378 or A162145
- min A104080 or A014210, delta A092131, indices A372684
- max A014234, delta A013603, indices A007053
For squarefree numbers between primes:
- sum A373197
- length A373198 = A061398 - 1
- min A000040
- max A112925 (delta A240473), opposite A112926 (delta A240474)
Cf. A010036, A029931, A035100, A049093-A049096, A372473 (firsts of A372472), A372541 (firsts of A372433).

Table[Apply[Plus, Table[Abs[MoebiusMu[2^w+j]], {j, 0, 2^w-1}]], {w, 0, 15}]
(* second program *)
Length/@Split[IntegerLength[Select[Range[10000],SquareFreeQ],2]]//Most (* Gus Wiseman, Jun 02 2024 *)

{ a(n) = sum(m=1,sqrtint(2^(n+1)-1), moebius(m) * ((2^(n+1)-1)\m^2 - (2^n-1)\m^2) ) } \\ Max Alekseyev, Oct 18 2008

a(n) = Sum_{j=0..-1+2^n} abs(mu(2^n + j)).

a(n)/2^n approaches 1/zeta(2), so limiting sequence is floor(2^n/zeta(2)), n >= 0. - Wouter Meeussen, May 25 2003

More terms from Mark Hudson (mrmarkhudson(AT)hotmail.com), Feb 12 2003
More terms from Wouter Meeussen, May 25 2003
a(25)-a(32) from Max Alekseyev, Oct 18 2008
a(33)-a(34) from Amiram Eldar, Jul 17 2024

A209862 Permutation of nonnegative integers which maps A209642 into ascending order (A209641).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 24, 19, 21, 25, 22, 26, 28, 23, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 40, 48, 35, 37, 41, 49, 38, 42, 50, 44, 52, 56, 39, 43, 51, 45, 53, 57, 46, 54, 58, 60, 47, 55, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 68, 72, 80, 96, 67, 69, 73, 81, 97, 70, 74, 82, 98, 76, 84, 100, 88, 104, 112, 71, 75, 83

Offset: 0

Antti Karttunen, Mar 24 2012

nonn

Conjecture: For all n, a(A054429(n)) = A054429(a(n)), i.e. A054429 acts as a homomorphism (automorphism) of the cyclic group generated by this permutation. This implies also a weaker conjecture given in A209860.
From Gus Wiseman, Aug 24 2021: (Start)
As a triangle with row lengths 2^n, T(n,k) for n > 0 appears (verified up to n = 2^15) to be the unique nonnegative integer whose binary indices are the k-th subset of {1..n} containing n. Here, a binary index of n (row n of A048793) is any position of a 1 in its reversed binary expansion, and sets are sorted first by length, then lexicographically. For example, the triangle begins:
   1
   2  3
   4  5  6  7
   8  9 10 12 11 13 14 15
  16 17 18 20 24 19 21 25 22 26 28 23 27 29 30 31
Mathematica: Table[Total[2^(Append[#,n]-1)]&/@Subsets[Range[n-1]],{n,5}]
Row lengths are A000079 (shifted right). Also Column k = 1.
Row sums are A010036.
Using reverse-lexicographic order gives A059893.
Using lexicographic order gives A059894.
Taking binary indices to prime indices gives A339195 (or A019565).
The ordering of sets is A344084.
A version using Heinz numbers is A344085.
(End)

			From _Gus Wiseman_, Aug 24 2021: (Start)
The terms, their binary expansions, and their binary indices begin:
   0:      ~ {}
   1:    1 ~ {1}
   2:   10 ~ {2}
   3:   11 ~ {1,2}
   4:  100 ~ {3}
   5:  101 ~ {1,3}
   6:  110 ~ {2,3}
   7:  111 ~ {1,2,3}
   8: 1000 ~ {4}
   9: 1001 ~ {1,4}
  10: 1010 ~ {2,4}
  12: 1100 ~ {3,4}
  11: 1011 ~ {1,2,4}
  13: 1101 ~ {1,3,4}
  14: 1110 ~ {2,3,4}
  15: 1111 ~ {1,2,3,4}
(End)

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..32767
Index entries for sequences that are permutations of the natural numbers

Inverse permutation: A209861. Cf. A209860, A209863, A209864, A209865, A209866, A209867, A209868.

Cf. A010036, A026793, A048793, A111059, A147655, A246688, A246867, A261144, A272020, A294648, A339360.

a(n) = A209859(A036044(A209641(n))) = A209859(A056539(A209641(n))).

A373125 Difference between 2^n and the least squarefree number >= 2^n.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, May 28 2024

nonn

For prime instead of squarefree we have A092131, opposite A013603.
For primes instead of powers of 2: A240474, A240473, A112926, A112925.
Difference between 2^n and A372683(n).
The opposite is A373126, delta of A372889.
A005117 lists squarefree numbers, first differences A076259.
A053797 gives lengths of gaps between squarefree numbers.
A061398 counts squarefree numbers between primes (exclusive).
A070939 or (preferably) A029837 gives length of binary expansion.
A077643 counts squarefree terms between powers of 2, run-lengths of A372475.
A143658 counts squarefree numbers up to 2^n.
Cf. A372473 (firsts of A372472), A372541 (firsts of A372433).
For primes between powers of 2:
- sum A293697 (except initial terms)
- length A036378
- min A104080 or A014210, indices A372684 (firsts of A035100)
- max A014234, delta A013603
Cf. A010036, A029931, A049093-A049096, A077641, A372540, A373197, A373198.

Table[NestWhile[#+1&,2^n,!SquareFreeQ[#]&]-2^n,{n,0,100}]

a(n) = A372683(n)-2^n. - R. J. Mathar, May 31 2024

A373126 Difference between 2^n and the greatest squarefree number <= 2^n.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, May 29 2024

nonn

			The greatest squarefree number <= 2^21 is 2097149, and 2^21 = 2097152, so a(21) = 3.

For prime instead of squarefree we have A013603, opposite A092131.
For primes instead of powers of 2: A240474, A240473, A112926, A112925.
Difference between 2^n and A372889.
The opposite is A373125, delta of A372683.
A005117 lists squarefree numbers, first differences A076259.
A053797 gives lengths of gaps between squarefree numbers.
A061398 counts squarefree numbers between primes (exclusive).
A070939 or (preferably) A029837 gives length of binary expansion.
A077643 counts squarefree terms between powers of 2, run-lengths of A372475.
A143658 counts squarefree numbers up to 2^n.
Cf. A372473 (firsts of A372472), A372541 (firsts of A372433).
For primes between powers of 2:
- sum A293697 (except initial terms)
- length A036378
- min A104080 or A014210, indices A372684 (firsts of A035100)
- max A014234
Cf. A010036, A029931, A046933, A049093-A049096, A077641, A372540, A373197.

Table[2^n-NestWhile[#-1&,2^n,!SquareFreeQ[#]&],{n,0,100}]

a(n) = 2^n-A372889(n). - R. J. Mathar, May 31 2024

A373123 Sum of all squarefree numbers from 2^(n-1) to 2^n - 1.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 5, 18, 63, 218, 891, 3676, 15137, 60580, 238672, 953501, 3826167, 15308186, 61204878, 244709252, 979285522, 3917052950, 15664274802, 62663847447, 250662444349, 1002632090376, 4010544455838, 16042042419476, 64168305037147, 256675237863576

Offset: 1

Gus Wiseman, May 27 2024

nonn

			This is the sequence of row sums of A005117 treated as a triangle with row-lengths A077643:
   1
   2   3
   5   6   7
  10  11  13  14  15
  17  19  21  22  23  26  29  30  31
  33  34  35  37  38  39  41  42  43  46  47  51  53  55  57  58  59  61  62

Counting all numbers (not just squarefree) gives A010036.
For the sectioning of A005117:
Row-lengths are A077643, partial sums A143658.
First column is A372683, delta A373125, indices A372540, firsts of A372475.
Last column is A372889, delta A373126, indices A143658, diffs A077643.
For primes instead of powers of two:
- sum A373197
- length A373198 = A061398 - 1
- maxima A112925, opposite A112926
For prime instead of squarefree:
- sum A293697 (except initial terms)
- length A036378
- min A104080 or A014210, indices A372684 (firsts of A035100)
- max A014234, delta A013603
A000120 counts ones in binary expansion (binary weight), zeros A080791.
A005117 lists squarefree numbers, first differences A076259.
A030190 gives binary expansion, reversed A030308.
A070939 or (preferably) A029837 gives length of binary expansion.
Cf. A372473 (firsts of A372472), A372541 (firsts of A372433).
Cf. A029931, A048793, A049093, A049094, A059015, A069010, A077641.

Table[Total[Select[Range[2^(n-1),2^n-1],SquareFreeQ]],{n,10}]

a(n) = my(s=0); forsquarefree(i=2^(n-1), 2^n-1, s+=i[1]); s; \\ Michel Marcus, May 29 2024

A171476 a(n) = 6a(n-1) - 8a(n-2) for n > 1, a(0)=1, a(1)=6.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 6, 28, 120, 496, 2016, 8128, 32640, 130816, 523776, 2096128, 8386560, 33550336, 134209536, 536854528, 2147450880, 8589869056, 34359607296, 137438691328, 549755289600, 2199022206976, 8796090925056, 35184367894528

Offset: 0

Klaus Brockhaus, Dec 09 2009

Binomial transform of A048473; second binomial transform of A151821; third binomial transform of A010684; fourth binomial transform of A084633 without second term 0; fifth binomial transform of A168589.
Inverse binomial transform of A081625; second inverse binomial transform of A081626; third inverse binomial transform of A081627.
Partial sums of A010036.
Essentially first differences of A006095.
a(n) = A109241(n) converted from binary to decimal. - Robert Price, Jan 19 2016
a(n) is the area enclosed by a Hilbert curve with unit length segments after n iterations, when the start and end points are joined. - Jennifer Buckley, Apr 23 2024

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
Jennifer Buckley, The Area Enclosed by a Hilbert Curve with Unit Length Segments
Gordon Hamilton, Cookie Monster Counts Cookies, Youtube video, 2010.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (6,-8).

Cf. A006516 (2^(n-1)*(2^n-1)), A020522 (4^n-2^n), A048473 (2*3^n-1), A151821 (powers of 2, omitting 2 itself), A010684 (repeat 1, 3), A084633 (inverse binomial transform of repeated odd numbers), A168589 ((2-3^n)*(-1)^n), A081625 (2*5^n-3^n), A081626 (2*6^n-4^n), A081627 (2*7^n-5^n), A010036 (sum of 2^n, ..., 2^(n+1)-1), A006095 (Gaussian binomial coefficient [n, 2] for q=2), A171472, A171473.

[2*4^n-2^n: n in [0..30]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Jul 17 2011

LinearRecurrence[{6,-8},{1,6},30] (* Harvey P. Dale, Aug 02 2020 *)

m=23; v=concat([1, 6], vector(m-2)); for(n=3, m, v[n]=6*v[n-1]-8*v[n-2]); v

a(n) = Sum_{k=1..2^n-1} k.
a(n) = 2*4^n - 2^n.
G.f.: 1/((1-2*x)*(1-4*x)).
a(n) = A006516(n+1).
a(n) = 4*a(n-1) + 2^n for n > 0, a(0)=1. - Vincenzo Librandi, Jul 17 2011
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} 2^(n+k). - Bruno Berselli, Aug 07 2013
a(n) = A020522(n+1)/2. - Hussam al-Homsi, Jun 06 2021
E.g.f.: exp(2*x)*(2*exp(2*x) - 1). - Stefano Spezia, Dec 10 2021

A339360 Sum of all squarefree numbers with greatest prime factor prime(n).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 9, 60, 504, 6336, 89856, 1645056, 33094656, 801239040, 24246190080, 777550233600, 29697402470400, 1250501433753600, 55083063155097600, 2649111037319577600, 143390180403000115200, 8619643674791667302400, 534710099148093259776000, 36412881178052121329664000

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Dec 04 2020

nonn

			The initial terms are:
   1 = 1,
   2 = 2,
   9 = 3 + 6,
  60 = 5 + 10 + 15 + 30.

Robert Israel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..349

A010036 takes prime indices here to binary indices, row sums of A209862.
A048672 takes prime indices to binary indices in squarefree numbers.
A054640 divides the n-th term by prime(n), row sums of A261144.
A072047 counts prime factors of squarefree numbers.
A339194 is the restriction to semiprimes, row sums of A339116.
A339195 has this as row sums.
A002110 lists primorials.
A005117 lists squarefree numbers.
A006881 lists squarefree semiprimes.
A056239 is the sum of prime indices of n (Heinz weight).
A246867 groups squarefree numbers by weight, with row sums A147655.
A319246 is the sum of prime indices of the n-th squarefree number.
A319247 lists reversed prime indices of squarefree numbers.
A329631 lists prime indices of squarefree numbers.
A338899/A270650/A270652 give the prime indices of squarefree semiprimes.
Cf. A001221, A014466, A098350, A168472, A282935, A302590, A326878, A338901.

f:= proc(n) local i;
  `if`(n=0, 1, ithprime(n)) *mul(1+ithprime(i),i=1..n-1)
end proc:
map(f, [$0..20]); # Robert Israel, Dec 08 2020

Table[Sum[Times@@Prime/@stn,{stn,Select[Subsets[Range[n]],MemberQ[#,n]&]}],{n,10}]

For n >= 1, a(n) = A054640(n-1) * prime(n).

a(0)=1 prepended by Alois P. Heinz, Jan 08 2025

cp's OEIS Frontend

A006516 a(n) = 2^(n-1)*(2^n - 1), n >= 0.

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A059893 Reverse the order of all but the most significant bit in binary expansion of n: if n = 1ab..yz then a(n) = 1zy..ba.

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A055010 a(0) = 0; for n > 0, a(n) = 3*2^(n-1) - 1.

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A077643 Number of squarefree integers in closed interval [2^n, -1 + 2*2^n], i.e., among 2^n consecutive numbers beginning with 2^n.

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A209862 Permutation of nonnegative integers which maps A209642 into ascending order (A209641).

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A373125 Difference between 2^n and the least squarefree number >= 2^n.

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A171476 a(n) = 6a(n-1) - 8a(n-2) for n > 1, a(0)=1, a(1)=6.