A085058 -id:A085058 - cp's OEIS frontend

A001511 The ruler function: exponent of the highest power of 2 dividing 2n. Equivalently, the 2-adic valuation of 2n.

1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 5, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 6, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 5, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 7, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 5, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 6, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1

Offset: 1

N. J. A. Sloane

Number of 2's dividing 2*n.
a(n) is equivalently the exponent of the smallest power of 2 which does not divide n. - David James Sycamore, Oct 02 2023
a(n) - 1 is the number of trailing zeros in the binary expansion of n.
If you are counting in binary and the least significant bit is numbered 1, the next bit is 2, etc., a(n) is the bit that is incremented when increasing from n-1 to n. - Jud McCranie, Apr 26 2004
Number of steps to reach an integer starting with (n+1)/2 and using the map x -> x*ceiling(x) (cf. A073524).
a(n) is the number of the disk to be moved at the n-th step of the optimal solution to Towers of Hanoi problem (comment from Andreas M. Hinz).
Shows which bit to flip when creating the binary reflected Gray code (bits are numbered from the right, offset is 1). This is essentially equivalent to Hinz's comment. - Adam Kertesz, Jul 28 2001
a(n) is the Hamming distance between n and n-1 (in binary). This is equivalent to Kertesz's comments above. - Tak-Shing Chan (chan12(AT)alumni.usc.edu), Feb 25 2003
Let S(0) = {1}, S(n) = {S(n-1), S(n-1)-{x}, x+1} where x = last term of S(n-1); sequence gives S(infinity). - Benoit Cloitre, Jun 14 2003
The sum of all terms up to and including the first occurrence of m is 2^m-1. - Donald Sampson (marsquo(AT)hotmail.com), Dec 01 2003
m appears every 2^m terms starting with the 2^(m-1)th term. - Donald Sampson (marsquo(AT)hotmail.com), Dec 08 2003
Sequence read mod 4 gives A092412. - Philippe Deléham, Mar 28 2004
If q = 2n/2^A001511(n) and if b(m) is defined by b(0)=q-1 and b(m)=2*b(m-1)+1, then 2n = b(A001511(n)) + 1. - Gerald McGarvey, Dec 18 2004
Repeating pattern ABACABADABACABAE ... - Jeremy Gardiner, Jan 16 2005
Relation to C(n) = Collatz function iteration using only odd steps: a(n) is the number of right bits set in binary representation of A004767(n) (numbers of the form 4*m+3). So for m=A004767(n) it follows that there are exactly a(n) recursive steps where mBetween every two instances of any positive integer m there are exactly m distinct values (1 through m-1 and one value greater than m). - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Sep 18 2006
Number of divisors of n of the form 2^k. - Giovanni Teofilatto, Jul 25 2007
Every prefix up to (but not including) the first occurrence of some k >= 2 is a palindrome. - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 24 2008
1 interleaved with (2 interleaved with (3 interleaved with ( ... ))). - Eric D. Burgess (ericdb(AT)gmail.com), Oct 17 2009
A054525 (Möbius transform) * A001511 = A036987 = A047999^(-1) * A001511. - Gary W. Adamson, Oct 26 2009
Equals A051731 * A036987, (inverse Möbius transform of the Fredholm-Rueppel sequence) = A047999 * A036987. - Gary W. Adamson, Oct 26 2009
Cf. A173238, showing links between generalized ruler functions and A000041. - Gary W. Adamson, Feb 14 2010
Given A000041, P(x) = A(x)/A(x^2) with P(x) = (1 + x + 2x^2 + 3x^3 + 5x^4 + 7x^5 + ...), A(x) = (1 + x + 3x^2 + 4x^3 + 10x^4 + 13x^5 + ...), A(x^2) = (1 + x^2 + 3x^4 + 4x^6 + 10x^8 + ...), where A092119 = (1, 1, 3, 4, 10, ...) = Euler transform of the ruler sequence, A001511. - Gary W. Adamson, Feb 11 2010
Subtracting 1 from every term and deleting any 0's yields the same sequence, A001511. - Ben Branman, Dec 28 2011
In the listing of the compositions of n as lists in lexicographic order, a(k) is the last part of composition(k) for all k <= 2^(n-1) and all n, see example. - Joerg Arndt, Nov 12 2012
According to Hinz, et al. (see links), this sequence was studied by Louis Gros in his 1872 pamphlet "Théorie du Baguenodier" and has therefore been called the Gros sequence.
First n terms comprise least squarefree word of length n using positive integers, where "squarefree" means that the word contains no consecutive identical subwords; e.g., 1 contains no square; 11 contains a square but 12 does not; 121 contains no square; both 1211 and 1212 have squares but 1213 does not; etc. - Clark Kimberling, Sep 05 2013
Length of 0-run starting from 2 (10, 100, 110, 1000, 1010, ...), or length of 1-run starting from 1 (1, 11, 101, 111, 1001, 1011, ...) of every second number, from right to left in binary representation. - Armands Strazds, Apr 13 2017
a(n) is also the frequency of the largest part in the integer partition having viabin number n. The viabin number of an integer partition is defined in the following way. Consider the southeast border of the Ferrers board of the integer partition and consider the binary number obtained by replacing each east step with 1 and each north step, except the last one, with 0. The corresponding decimal form is, by definition, the viabin number of the given integer partition. "Viabin" is coined from "via binary". For example, consider the integer partition [2,2,2,1]. The southeast border of its Ferrers board yields 10100, leading to the viabin number 20. - Emeric Deutsch, Jul 24 2017
As A000005(n) equals the number of even divisors of 2n and A001227(n) = A001227(2n), the formula A001511(n) = A000005(n)/A001227(n) might be read as "The number of even divisors of 2n is always divisible by the number of odd divisors of 2n" (where number of divisors means sum of zeroth powers of divisors). Conjecture: For any nonnegative integer k, the sum of the k-th powers of even divisors of n is always divisible by the sum of the k-th powers of odd divisors of n. - Ivan N. Ianakiev, Jul 06 2019
From Benoit Cloitre, Jul 14 2022: (Start)
To construct the sequence, start from 1's separated by a place 1,,1,,1,,1,,1,,1,,1,,1,,1,,1,,1,,1,,1,,1,...
Then put the 2's in every other remaining place
  1,2,1,,1,2,1,,1,2,1,,1,2,1,,1,2,1,,1,2,1,,1,2,1,...
Then the 3's in every other remaining place
  1,2,1,3,1,2,1,,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,,1,2,1,...
Then the 4's in every other remaining place
  1,2,1,3,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,...
By iterating this process, we get the ruler function 1,2,1,3,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,5,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,... (End)
a(n) is the least positive integer k for which there does not exist i+j=n and a(i)=a(j)=k (cf. A322523). - Rémy Sigrist and Jianing Song, Aug 23 2022
a(n) is the smallest positive integer that does not occur in the coincidences of the sequence so far a(1..n-1) and its reverse. - Neal Gersh Tolunsky, Jan 18 2023
The geometric mean of this sequence approaches the Somos constant (A112302). - Jwalin Bhatt, Jan 31 2025

			For example, 2^1|2, 2^2|4, 2^1|6, 2^3|8, 2^1|10, 2^2|12, ... giving the initial terms 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, ...
From _Omar E. Pol_, Jun 12 2009: (Start)
Triangle begins:
1;
2,1;
3,1,2,1;
4,1,2,1,3,1,2,1;
5,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,3,1,2,1;
6,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,5,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,3,1,2,1;
7,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,5,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,6,1,2,1,3,...
(End)
S(0) = {} S(1) = 1 S(2) = 1, 2, 1 S(3) = 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1 S(4) = 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1. - Yann David (yann_david(AT)hotmail.com), Mar 21 2010
From _Joerg Arndt_, Nov 12 2012: (Start)
The 16 compositions of 5 as lists in lexicographic order:
[ n]  a(n)  composition
[ 1]  [ 1]  [ 1 1 1 1 1 ]
[ 2]  [ 2]  [ 1 1 1 2 ]
[ 3]  [ 1]  [ 1 1 2 1 ]
[ 4]  [ 3]  [ 1 1 3 ]
[ 5]  [ 1]  [ 1 2 1 1 ]
[ 6]  [ 2]  [ 1 2 2 ]
[ 7]  [ 1]  [ 1 3 1 ]
[ 8]  [ 4]  [ 1 4 ]
[ 9]  [ 1]  [ 2 1 1 1 ]
[10]  [ 2]  [ 2 1 2 ]
[11]  [ 1]  [ 2 2 1 ]
[12]  [ 3]  [ 2 3 ]
[13]  [ 1]  [ 3 1 1 ]
[14]  [ 2]  [ 3 2 ]
[15]  [ 1]  [ 4 1 ]
[16]  [ 5]  [ 5 ]
a(n) is the last part in each list.
(End)
From _Omar E. Pol_, Aug 20 2013: (Start)
Also written as a triangle in which the right border gives A000027 and row lengths give A011782 and row sums give A000079 the sequence begins:
1;
2;
1,3;
1,2,1,4;
1,2,1,3,1,2,1,5;
1,2,1,3,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,6;
1,2,1,3,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,5,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,3,1,2,1,7;
(End)
G.f. = x + 2*x^2 + x^3 + 3*x^4 + x^5 + 2*x^6 + x^7 + 4*x^8 + x^9 + 2*x^10 + ...

J.-P. Allouche and J. Shallit, Automatic Sequences, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2003.
E. R. Berlekamp, J. H. Conway and R. K. Guy, Winning Ways, Academic Press, NY, 2 vols., 2nd ed., 2001-2003; see Dim- and Dim+ on p. 98; Dividing Rulers, on pp. 436-437; The Ruler Game, pp. 469-470; Ruler Fours, Fives, ... Fifteens on p. 470.
L. Gros, Théorie du Baguenodier, Aimé Vingtrinier, Lyon, 1872.
R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, Springer, 1st edition, 1981. See section E22.
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N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

N. J. A. Sloane, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
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Antonin Callard, Léo Paviet Salomon, and Pascal Vanier, Computability of extender sets in multidimensional subshifts, arXiv:2401.07549 [cs.DM], 2024.
Imanuel Chen and Michael Z. Spivey, Integral Generalized Binomial Coefficients of Multiplicative Functions, Preprint 2015; Summer Research Paper 238, Univ. Puget Sound.
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Michael Naylor, Abacaba-Dabacaba [updated by _Jeremy Gardiner_, Sep 11 2015]
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Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Binary Carry Sequence, Ruler Function, and Towers of Hanoi
Index entries for "core" sequences
Index entries for sequences related to binary expansion of n
Index entries for sequences that are fixed points of mappings
Index entries for sequences related to Towers of Hanoi

Column 1 of table A050600.
Sequence read mod 2 gives A035263.
Sequence is bisection of A007814, A050603, A050604, A067029, A089309.
This is Guy Steele's sequence GS(4, 2) (see A135416).
Cf. A005187 (partial sums), A085058 (bisection), A112302 (geometric mean), A171977 (2^a(n)).
Cf. A000005, A000041, A000079, A003188, A003278, A003602, A007949, A018238, A047999, A051731, A054525, A054852, A065176, A082850, A089080, A092119, A117303, A129360, A130093, A173238, A181988, A220466.
Cf. A287896, A002487, A209229 (Mobius trans.), A092673 (Dirichlet inv.).
Cf. generalized ruler functions for k=3,4,5: A051064, A115362, A055457.

a001511 n = length $ takeWhile ((== 0) . (mod n)) a000079_list
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Sep 27 2011

a001511 n | odd n = 1 | otherwise = 1 + a001511 (n `div` 2)
-- Walt Rorie-Baety, Mar 22 2013

nmax=5;r=1;for n=2:nmax;r=[r n r];end % Adriano Caroli, Feb 26 2016

[Valuation(2*n,2): n in [1..105]]; // Bruno Berselli, Nov 23 2015

A001511 := n->2-wt(n)+wt(n-1); # where wt is defined in A000120
# This is the binary logarithm of the denominator of (256^n-1)B_{8n}/n, in Maple parlance a := n -> log[2](denom((256^n-1)*bernoulli(8*n)/n)). - Peter Luschny, May 31 2009
A001511 := n -> padic[ordp](2*n,2): seq(A001511(n), n=1..105);  # Peter Luschny, Nov 26 2010
a:= n-> ilog2((Bits[Xor](2*n, 2*n-1)+1)/2): seq(a(n), n=1..50);  # Gary Detlefs, Dec 13 2018

Array[ If[ Mod[ #, 2] == 0, FactorInteger[ # ][[1, 2]], 0] &, 105] + 1 (* or *)
Nest[ Flatten[ # /. a_Integer -> {1, a + 1}] &, {1}, 7] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Mar 04 2005 *)
IntegerExponent[2*n, 2] (* Alexander R. Povolotsky, Aug 19 2011 *)
myHammingDistance[n_, m_] := Module[{g = Max[m, n], h = Min[m, n]}, b1 = IntegerDigits[g, 2]; b2 = IntegerDigits[h, 2, Length[b1]]; HammingDistance[b1, b2]] (* Vladimir Shevelev A206853 *) Table[ myHammingDistance[n, n - 1], {n, 111}] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Apr 05 2012 *)
Table[Position[Reverse[IntegerDigits[n,2]],1,1,1],{n,110}]//Flatten (* Harvey P. Dale, Aug 18 2017 *)

a(n) = sum(k=0,floor(log(n)/log(2)),floor(n/2^k)-floor((n-1)/2^k)) /* Ralf Stephan */

a(n)=if(n%2,1,factor(n)[1,2]+1) /* Jon Perry, Jun 06 2004 */

{a(n) = if( n, valuation(n, 2) + 1, 0)}; /* Michael Somos, Sep 30 2006 */

{a(n)=if(n==1,1,polcoeff(x-sum(k=1, n-1, a(k)*x^k*(1-x^k)*(1-x+x*O(x^n))), n))} /* Paul D. Hanna, Jun 22 2007 */

def a(n): return bin(n)[2:][::-1].index("1") + 1 # Indranil Ghosh, May 11 2017

A001511 = lambda n: (n&-n).bit_length() # M. F. Hasler, Apr 09 2020

def A001511(n): return (~n & n-1).bit_length()+1 # Chai Wah Wu, Jul 01 2022

[valuation(2*n,2) for n in (1..105)]  # Bruno Berselli, Nov 23 2015

(define (A001511 n) (let loop ((n n) (e 1)) (if (odd? n) e (loop (/ n 2) (+ 1 e))))) ;; Antti Karttunen, Oct 06 2017

a(n) = A007814(n) + 1 = A007814(2*n).
a(2*n+1) = 1; a(2*n) = 1 + a(n). - Philippe Deléham, Dec 08 2003
a(n) = 2 - A000120(n) + A000120(n-1), n >= 1. - Daniele Parisse
a(n) = 1 + log_2(abs(A003188(n) - A003188(n-1))).
Multiplicative with a(p^e) = e+1 if p = 2; 1 if p > 2. - David W. Wilson, Aug 01 2001
For any real x > 1/2: lim_{N->infinity} (1/N)*Sum_{n=1..N} x^(-a(n)) = 1/(2*x-1); also lim_{N->infinity} (1/N)*Sum_{n=1..N} 1/a(n) = log(2). - Benoit Cloitre, Nov 16 2001
s(n) = Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) is asymptotic to 2*n since s(n) = 2*n - A000120(n). - Benoit Cloitre, Aug 31 2002
For any n >= 0, for any m >= 1, a(2^m*n + 2^(m-1)) = m. - Benoit Cloitre, Nov 24 2002
a(n) = Sum_{d divides n and d is odd} mu(d)*tau(n/d). - Vladeta Jovovic, Dec 04 2002
G.f.: A(x) = Sum_{k>=0} x^(2^k)/(1-x^(2^k)). - Ralf Stephan, Dec 24 2002
a(1) = 1; for n > 1, a(n) = a(n-1) + (-1)^n*a(floor(n/2)). - Vladeta Jovovic, Apr 25 2003
A fixed point of the mapping 1->12; 2->13; 3->14; 4->15; 5->16; ... . - Philippe Deléham, Dec 13 2003
Product_{k>0} (1+x^k)^a(k) is g.f. for A000041(). - Vladeta Jovovic, Mar 26 2004
G.f. A(x) satisfies A(x) = A(x^2) + x/(1-x). - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Feb 09 2006
a(A118413(n,k)) = A002260(n,k); = a(A118416(n,k)) = A002024(n,k); a(A014480(n)) = A003602(A014480(n)). - Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 27 2006
Ordinal transform of A003602. - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Aug 28 2006 (The ordinal transform of a sequence b_0, b_1, b_2, ... is the sequence a_0, a_1, a_2, ... where a_n is the number of times b_n has occurred in {b_0 ... b_n}.)
Could be extended to n <= 0 using a(-n) = a(n), a(0) = 0, a(2*n) = a(n)+1 unless n=0. - Michael Somos, Sep 30 2006
A094267(2*n) = A050603(2*n) = A050603(2*n + 1) = a(n). - Michael Somos, Sep 30 2006
Sequence = A129360 * A000005 = M*V, where M = an infinite lower triangular matrix and V = d(n) as a vector: [1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 4, ...]. - Gary W. Adamson, Apr 15 2007
Row sums of triangle A130093. - Gary W. Adamson, May 13 2007
Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s)*2^s/(2^s-1). - Ralf Stephan, Jun 17 2007
a(n) = -Sum_{d divides n} mu(2*d)*tau(n/d). - Benoit Cloitre, Jun 21 2007
G.f.: x/(1-x) = Sum_{n>=1} a(n)*x^n*( 1 - x^n ). - Paul D. Hanna, Jun 22 2007
2*n = 2^a(n)* A000265(n). - Eric Desbiaux, May 14 2009 [corrected by Alejandro Erickson, Apr 17 2012]
Multiplicative with a(2^k) = k + 1, a(p^k) = 1 for any odd prime p. - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Jun 09 2009
With S(n): 2^n - 1 first elements of the sequence then S(0) = {} (empty list) and if n > 0, S(n) = S(n-1), n, S(n-1). - Yann David (yann_david(AT)hotmail.com), Mar 21 2010
a(n) = log_2(A046161(n)/A046161(n-1)). - Johannes W. Meijer, Nov 04 2012
a((2*n-1)*2^p) = p+1, p >= 0 and n >= 1. - Johannes W. Meijer, Feb 05 2013
a(n+1) = 1 + Sum_{j=0..ceiling(log_2(n+1))} (j * (1 - abs(sign((n mod 2^(j + 1)) - 2^j + 1)))). - Enrico Borba, Oct 01 2015
Conjecture: a(n) = A181988(n)/A003602(n). - L. Edson Jeffery, Nov 21 2015
a(n) = log_2(A006519(n)) + 1. - Doug Bell, Jun 02 2017
Inverse Moebius transform of A209229. - Andrew Howroyd, Aug 04 2018
a(n) = 1 + (A183063(n)/A001227(n)). - Omar E. Pol, Nov 06 2018 (after Franklin T. Adams-Watters)
a(n) = log_2((Xor(2*n,2*n-1)+1)/2). - Gary Detlefs, Dec 13 2018
(2^(a(n)-1)-1)*(n mod 4) = 2*floor(((n+1) mod 4)/3). - Gary Detlefs, Dec 14 2018
a(n) = A000005(n)/A001227(n). - Ivan N. Ianakiev, Jul 05 2019
a(n) = Sum_{j=1..r} (j/2^j)*(Product_{k=1..j} (1 - (-1)^floor( (n+2^(j-1))/2^(k-1) ))), for n < a predefined 2^r. - Adriano Caroli, Sep 30 2019

Name edited following suggestion by David James Sycamore, Oct 05 2023

A087230 a(n) is the 2-adic valuation of 6*n + 4.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 6, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 5, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 8, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 5, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 6, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 5, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1

Offset: 0

Labos Elemer, Aug 28 2003

In Collatz-algorithm if initiated with m=odd value, the first 3x+1 step is followed by a(n) step corresponding to division by 2. Compare to A085058 and A087229. Each 2nd term is either =1 or equals corresponding term of A087229, depending on whether the odd number congruent to 1 or 3 modulo 4.
From K. G. Stier, Aug 19 2014: (Start)
Sequence exhibits a "pseudo" ruler function (A001511) behavior. It is similar to the latter in repeating equal terms m>0 after each 2^m steps. However, the first occurrence of m in the mentioned ruler function is simply at n=log_2(m), while in the given sequence this property develops two distinct (odd and even) strands:
First occurrence of
m=1 at a(1); m=2 at a(0)
m=3 at a(6); m=4 at a(2)
m=5 at a(26); m=6 at a(10)
m=7 at a(106); m=8 at a(42)
m=9 at a(426); m=10 at a(170)
...
where values n in the odd strand (1,6,26,106,426,...) equal sequence A020989, and values n in the even strand (0,2,10,42,170,...) equal sequence A020988. (End)

			n=85: m = 6*85+4 = 514 and Collatz-iteration goes on by one dividing step, a(85)=1.

Kenny Lau, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000

Cf. A007814, A016957, A085058, A087229, A020988, A020989, A061547.

a:= n-> padic[ordp](6*n+4, 2):
seq(a(n), n=0..120);  # Alois P. Heinz, Mar 16 2021

Table[Part[Part[FactorInteger[6*w+4], 1], 2], {w, 0, 100}]
Table[IntegerExponent[6*n + 4, 2], {n, 0, 100}] (* Amiram Eldar, Jan 27 2022 *)

forstep(n=0, 1000, 1, m=6*n+4; print1(valuation(m, 2), ", ") ) \\ K. G. Stier, Aug 19 2014

sub a {
  my $nv= ((shift() << 1) | 1);
  my $bp= 1;
  while (($nv & 1) xor ($nv & 2)) {
    $nv>>= 1;
    $bp++;
  }
  return $bp;
} # Ruud H.G. van Tol, Nov 16 2021

n=100; N=3*n+2; val=[1]*(N+1); exp=2
while exp <= N:
    for j in range(exp,N+1,exp): val[j] += 1
    exp *= 2
for i in range(n+1): print(i,val[3*i+2])
# Kenny Lau, Jun 09 2018

def A087230(n): return (~(m:=6*n+4) & m-1).bit_length() # Chai Wah Wu, Jul 02 2022

a(n) = A007814(A016957(n)). - Michel Marcus, Jan 27 2022

Asymptotic mean: Limit_{m->oo} (1/m) * Sum_{k=1..m} a(k) = 2. - Amiram Eldar, Sep 10 2024

a(0) = 2 prepended by Andrey Zabolotskiy, Jan 27 2022, based on Ihar Senkevich's contribution

A105723 a(n) = 3^n - (-1)^n.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 4, 8, 28, 80, 244, 728, 2188, 6560, 19684, 59048, 177148, 531440, 1594324, 4782968, 14348908, 43046720, 129140164, 387420488, 1162261468, 3486784400, 10460353204, 31381059608, 94143178828, 282429536480, 847288609444, 2541865828328, 7625597484988

Offset: 0

Reinhard Zumkeller, Apr 18 2005

Muniru A Asiru, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..2000
Dhroova Aiylam, Tanya Khovanova, Weighted Mediants and Fractals, arXiv:1711.01475 [math.NT], 2017. See p. 17.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (2,3).

Cf. A000244, A102345.

Cf. A007814, A085058.

List([0..25],n->3^n-(-1)^n); # Muniru A Asiru, Nov 11 2018

[3^n-(-1)^n: n in [0..30]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Nov 21 2018

LinearRecurrence[{2, 3}, {0, 4}, 30] (* Jean-François Alcover, Nov 11 2018 *)
Table[3^n - (-1)^n, {n, 0, 30}] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Nov 21 2018 *)

a(n) = 3^n - (-1)^n; \\ Michel Marcus, Aug 18 2017

[3^n - (-1)^n for n in range(30)] # G. C. Greubel, Nov 21 2018

a(n) = A102345(n) - 2*(-1)^n; (a(n) + A102345(n))/2 = A000244(n);
A007814(a(n)) = A085058(n-1) for n > 0.
E.g.f.: exp(3*x) - exp(-x). - G. C. Greubel, Nov 21 2018
G.f.: 4*x/((1+x)*(1-3*x)). - R. J. Mathar, Mar 08 2021
a(n) = 4*A015518(n). - R. J. Mathar, Mar 08 2021

Corrected by T. D. Noe, Dec 11 2006

A085068 Number of steps >= 1 for iteration of map x -> (4/3)*ceiling(x) to reach an integer when started at n, or -1 if no such integer is ever reached.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 9, 1, 8, 3, 1, 7, 2, 1, 2, 6, 1, 3, 4, 1, 5, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 6, 4, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 4, 1, 5, 3, 1, 4, 2, 1, 2, 4, 1, 3, 8, 1, 4, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 4, 7, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 7, 1, 4, 3, 1, 9, 2, 1, 2, 6, 1, 3, 6, 1, 5, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 6, 5, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 8, 1, 5, 3, 1, 5, 2, 1, 2, 5, 1, 3, 4, 1, 6

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane, Aug 11 2003

It is conjectured that an integer is always reached.

J. C. Lagarias and N. J. A. Sloane, Approximate squaring (pdf, ps), Experimental Math., 13 (2004), 113-128.

Cf. A085058, A085071, A085328, A085330, A083514.

f := x->(4/3)*ceil(x); g := proc(n) local t1,c; global f; t1 := f(n); c := 1; while not type(t1, 'integer') do c := c+1; t1 := f(t1); od; RETURN([c,t1]); end;
# second Maple program:
a:= proc(n) local i; n; for i do 4/3*ceil(%);
      if %::integer then return i fi od
    end:
seq(a(n), n=0..100);  # Alois P. Heinz, Mar 01 2021

f[n_] := Block[{c = 1, k = 4 n/3}, While[ ! IntegerQ@k, c++; k = 4 Ceiling@k/3]; c]; Table[f@n, {n, 0, 104}] (* Robert G. Wilson v *)

from fractions import Fraction
def A085068(n):
    c, x, m = 1, Fraction(4*n,3), Fraction(4,3)
    while x.denominator > 1:
        x = m*x._ceil_()
        c += 1
    return c # Chai Wah Wu, Mar 01 2021

A089080 Sequence is S(infinity) where S(1)={1,2} and S(n)=S(n-1)S'(n-1), where S'(k) is obtained from S(k) by replacing the single 1 with the least integer not occurring in S(k).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 6, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 7, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 6, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 8, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 6, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 7, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 5

Offset: 1

Benoit Cloitre, Dec 04 2003

			S(1)={1,2} then S'(1)={3,2} and sequence begins 1,2,3,2

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..16384

Essentially the same as A085058 (with prepended 1 and different indexing).

Cf. A094267 (first differences), A208147 (partial products).

A085058(n) = (valuation(n+1, 2)+2);
A089080(n) = if(1==n,n,A085058(n-2)); \\ Antti Karttunen, Nov 01 2018

Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) = 3*n+O(log(n)) ( Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) < 3*n )

A087229 Exponent of p=2 in 12n+4 = 3(4n+1)+1.

Original entry on oeis.org

2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 6, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 8, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 6, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 7, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 6, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 10, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3, 2, 6, 2, 3, 2, 4

Offset: 0

Labos Elemer, Aug 28 2003

nonn

In the Collatz trajectory of m=4n+1, the first 3x+1 step is followed by a(n) consecutive divide-by-2 steps.

Large shifted overlaps with A085058.

			n=85: m = 4*n + 1 = 4*85 + 1 = 341, whose Collatz trajectory begins with 341 -> 1024 followed by a(85)=10 consecutive halving steps.

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..21845
Antti Karttunen, Data supplement: n, a(n) computed for n = 1..65537

Cf. A007814, A085058, A017569.

Table[Part[Part[FactorInteger[12*w+4],1],2], {w,0,100}]
Table[IntegerExponent[12*n + 4, 2], {n, 0, 100}] (* Amiram Eldar, Feb 03 2022 *)

A087229(n) = valuation((12*n)+4,2); \\ Antti Karttunen, Oct 09 2018

# In 4*n+1 (n>0), find position of first bit that will repeat.
sub a {
  my $nv= ((shift() << 2) | 1);
  my $bp= 1;
  while (($nv & 1) xor ($nv & 2)) {
    $nv>>= 1;
    $bp++;
  }
  return $bp;
}
# Ruud H.G. van Tol, Sep 27 2021

a(n) = A007814(A017569(n)). - Antti Karttunen, Oct 09 2018

Asymptotic mean: Limit_{m->oo} (1/m) * Sum_{k=1..m} a(k) = 3. - Amiram Eldar, Aug 30 2024

Part of the name moved to comments section by Antti Karttunen, Oct 09 2018

a(0) = 2 prepended by Ihar Senkevich, Feb 05 2022

A162728 G.f.: x/(1-x) = Sum_{n>=1} a(n)*log(1+x^n)/n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 2, 8, 4, 6, 6, 20, 6, 12, 10, 16, 12, 18, 8, 48, 16, 18, 18, 32, 12, 30, 22, 40, 20, 36, 18, 48, 28, 24, 30, 112, 20, 48, 24, 48, 36, 54, 24, 80, 40, 36, 42, 80, 24, 66, 46, 96, 42, 60, 32, 96, 52, 54, 40, 120, 36, 84, 58, 64, 60, 90, 36, 256, 48, 60, 66, 128, 44, 72, 70

Offset: 1

Paul D. Hanna, Jul 12 2009

Dirichlet inverse of A117212. - R. J. Mathar, Jul 15 2010

			x/(1-x) = log(1+x) + 3*log(1+x^2)/2 + 2*log(1+x^3)/3 + 8*log(1+x^4)/4 + 4*log(1+x^5)/5 + 6*log(1+x^6)/6 + 6*log(1+x^7)/7 + 20*log(1+x^8)/8 +...

Paul D. Hanna, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000

Cf. A090739, A091512, A000010 (Euler phi), A220466.

Cf. A007814, A001511, A090740, A085058, A055034, A008683.

nmax:=71: with(numtheory): for p from 0 to ceil(simplify(log[2](nmax))) do for n from 1 to ceil(nmax/(p+2)) do a((2*n-1)*2^p) := (p+2)*2^(p-1)*phi(2*n-1) od: od: seq(a(n), n=1..nmax); # Johannes W. Meijer, Jan 26 2013

f[p_, e_] := (p-1)*p^(e-1); f[2, e_] := (e+2)*2^(e-1); a[1] = 1; a[n_] := Times @@ f @@@ FactorInteger[n]; Array[a, 100] (* Amiram Eldar, Aug 27 2023 *)

/* As the inverse Mobius transform of A091512: */
{a(n)=sumdiv(n,d,moebius(n/d)*valuation((2*d)^d,2))}

/* From a(2n-1)=phi(2n-1); a(2n)=phi(2n)*A090739(n), we get: */
{a(n)=if(n%2==1,eulerphi(n),eulerphi(n)*valuation(3^n-1,2))}

/* From x/(1-x) = Sum_{n>=1} a(n)*log(1+x^n)/n, we get: */
{a(n)=local(A=[1]);for(k=1,n,A=concat(A,0);A[ #A]=#A*(1-polcoeff(sum(m=1,#A,A[m]/m*log(1+x^m +x*O(x^#A)) ),#A)));A[n]}

a(2n-1) = phi(2n-1); a(2n) = phi(2n)*A090739(n), where A090739(n) = exponent of 2 in 3^(2n)-1.
Inverse Mobius transform of A091512, where A091512(n) = exponent of 2 in (2n)^n.
Multiplicative: a(m*n) = a(m)*a(n) when gcd(m,n)=1, with a(p) = p-1 for odd prime p and a(2)=3.
G.f.: x/(1-x)^2 = Sum_{n>=1} a(n)*x^n/(1+x^n). - Paul D. Hanna, Jul 12 2009
Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s-1)/( zeta(s)*(1-2^(1-s)) ). - R. J. Mathar, Apr 14 2011
a((2*n-1)*2^p) = (p+2)*2^(p-1)* phi(2*n-1), p >= 0. Observe that a(2^p) = A001792(p). - Johannes W. Meijer, Jan 26 2013
Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) ~ 6*n^2 / Pi^2. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Feb 07 2019
Multiplicative with a(2^e) = (e+2)*2^(e-1) and a(p^e) = (p-1)*p^(e-1) for an odd prime p. - Amiram Eldar, Aug 27 2023
From Ridouane Oudra, Jul 05 2025: (Start)
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..A007814(n)} 2^k*phi(n/2^k).
a(n) = Sum_{d|n} mu(n/d)*d*A001511(d).
a(n) = A000010(n)*A090740(n).
a(n) = A085058(n-1)*A055034(n), for n>1. (End)

A087231 a(n) is the smallest number such that the exponent of p=2 factor in 6*a(n)+4 equals n.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 6, 2, 26, 10, 106, 42, 426, 170, 1706, 682, 6826, 2730, 27306, 10922, 109226, 43690, 436906, 174762, 1747626, 699050, 6990506, 2796202, 27962026, 11184810, 111848106, 44739242, 447392426, 178956970, 1789569706, 715827882, 7158278826, 2863311530

Offset: 1

Labos Elemer, Aug 28 2003

			n = 10: m = 6*170+4 = 1024 = 2^10, so a(10) = 170.

Colin Barker, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (1,4,-4)

Cf. A085058, A087229, A087230.

Vec(x*(1 + 3*x - 2*x^2 - 16*x^3 + 16*x^4) / ((1 - x)*(1 - 2*x)*(1 + 2*x)) + O(x^40)) \\ Colin Barker, Mar 16 2017

For n>2, a(n) = [3/2*2^n - (-2)^n - 2]/3. - Ralf Stephan, May 10 2004
From Colin Barker, Mar 16 2017: (Start)
G.f.: x*(1 + 3*x - 2*x^2 - 16*x^3 + 16*x^4) / ((1 - x)*(1 - 2*x)*(1 + 2*x)).
a(n) = a(n-1) + 4*a(n-2) - 4*a(n-3) for n>5.
(End)

A349693 Dirichlet convolution of the ruler function (A001511) with itself.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 2, 10, 2, 8, 2, 20, 3, 8, 2, 20, 2, 8, 4, 35, 2, 12, 2, 20, 4, 8, 2, 40, 3, 8, 4, 20, 2, 16, 2, 56, 4, 8, 4, 30, 2, 8, 4, 40, 2, 16, 2, 20, 6, 8, 2, 70, 3, 12, 4, 20, 2, 16, 4, 40, 4, 8, 2, 40, 2, 8, 6, 84, 4, 16, 2, 20, 4, 16, 2, 60, 2, 8, 6, 20, 4, 16, 2, 70

Offset: 1

Ilya Gutkovskiy, Nov 25 2021

Dirichlet convolution of A000005 with A104117. - Ridouane Oudra, Jul 23 2025

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..20000

Cf. A000217, A001511, A115364, A129628.

Cf. A000005, A104117, A007814, A085058, A090739, A099777, A372784, A001227, A000292,

a:= n-> (f-> add(f(d)*f(n/d), d=numtheory[divisors](n)))(k-> padic[ordp](2*k, 2)):
seq(a(n), n=1..80);  # Alois P. Heinz, Nov 25 2021

Table[Sum[IntegerExponent[2 d, 2] IntegerExponent[2 n/d, 2], {d, Divisors[n]}], {n, 1, 80}]
f[p_, e_] := If[p == 2, Binomial[e + 3, 3], e + 1]; a[1] = 1; a[n_] := Times @@ f @@@ FactorInteger[n]; Array[a, 80] (* Amiram Eldar, Nov 25 2021 *)

A001511(n) = (1+valuation(n,2));
A349693(n) = sumdiv(n,d,A001511(n/d)*A001511(d)); \\ Antti Karttunen, Nov 25 2021

from sympy import divisor_count
def A349693(n): return divisor_count(n)*(m:=(n&-n).bit_length()+1)*(m+1)//6 # Chai Wah Wu, Jul 13 2022

Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s)^2 * 4^s / (2^s-1)^2.
a(n) = Sum_{d|n} A001511(d) * A001511(n/d).
a(n) = Sum_{d|n} A000217(A001511(d)).
Multiplicative with a(p^e) = binomial(e+3,3) if p = 2 and e+1 otherwise. - Amiram Eldar, Nov 25 2021
Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) ~ 4*n*(log(n) - 1 + 2*gamma - 2*log(2)), where gamma is the Euler-Mascheroni constant A001620. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Nov 26 2021
From Ridouane Oudra, Jul 23 2025: (Start)
a(n) = Sum_{i=0..A007814(n)} (i+1)*tau(n/2^i).
a(n) = Sum_{d|n} A115364(d).
a(n) = (1/6)*A090739(n)*A085058(n-1)*A000005(n).
a(n) = (1/6)*A001511(n)*A090739(n)*A099777(n).
a(n) = (1/3)*A115364(n)*A372784(n).
a(n) = A001227(n)*A000292(A001511(n)).
a(2*n+1) = tau(2*n+1).
a(2^k*(2*n+1)) = binomial(k+3, 3)*tau(2*n+1), for k, n >= 0. (End)

Showing 1-10 of 12 results. Next

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A085060 Integer reached in A085058.

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A001511 The ruler function: exponent of the highest power of 2 dividing 2n. Equivalently, the 2-adic valuation of 2n.

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A087230 a(n) is the 2-adic valuation of 6*n + 4.

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A105723 a(n) = 3^n - (-1)^n.

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A085068 Number of steps >= 1 for iteration of map x -> (4/3)*ceiling(x) to reach an integer when started at n, or -1 if no such integer is ever reached.

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