A110170 -id:A110170 - cp's OEIS frontend

A001850 Central Delannoy numbers: a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n,k)*C(n+k,k).

1, 3, 13, 63, 321, 1683, 8989, 48639, 265729, 1462563, 8097453, 45046719, 251595969, 1409933619, 7923848253, 44642381823, 252055236609, 1425834724419, 8079317057869, 45849429914943, 260543813797441, 1482376214227923, 8443414161166173, 48141245001931263

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

Number of paths from (0,0) to (n,n) in an n X n grid using only steps north, northeast and east (i.e., steps (1,0), (1,1), and (0,1)).
Also the number of ways of aligning two sequences (e.g., of nucleotides or amino acids) of length n, with at most 2*n gaps (-) inserted, so that while unnecessary gappings: - -a a- - are forbidden, both b- and -b are allowed. (If only other of the latter is allowed, then the sequence A000984 gives the number of alignments.) There is an easy bijection from grid walks given by Dickau to such set of alignments (e.g., the straight diagonal corresponds to the perfect alignment with no gaps). - Antti Karttunen, Oct 10 2001
Also main diagonal of array A008288 defined by m(i,1) = m(1,j) = 1, m(i,j) = m(i-1,j-1) + m(i-1,j) + m(i,j-1). - Benoit Cloitre, May 03 2002
So, as a special case of Dmitry Zaitsev's Dec 10 2015 comment on A008288, a(n) is the number of points in Z^n that are L1 (Manhattan) distance <= n from any given point. These terms occur in the crystal ball sequences: a(n) here is the n-th term in the sequence for the n-dimensional cubic lattice. See A008288 for a list of crystal ball sequences (rows or columns of A008288). - Shel Kaphan, Dec 26 2022
a(n) is the number of n-matchings of a comb-like graph with 2*n teeth. Example: a(2) = 13 because the graph consisting of a horizontal path ABCD and the teeth Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd has 13 2-matchings: any of the six possible pairs of teeth and {Aa, BC}, {Aa, CD}, {Bb, CD}, {Cc, AB}, {Dd, AB}, {Dd, BC}, {AB, CD}. - Emeric Deutsch, Jul 02 2002
Number of ordered trees with 2*n+1 edges, having root of odd degree, nonroot nodes of outdegree at most 2 and branches of odd length. - Emeric Deutsch, Aug 02 2002
The sum of the first n coefficients of ((1 - x) / (1 - 2*x))^n is a(n-1). - Michael Somos, Sep 28 2003
Row sums of A063007 and A105870. - Paul Barry, Apr 23 2005
The Hankel transform (see A001906 for definition) of this sequence is A036442: 1, 4, 32, 512, 16384, ... . - Philippe Deléham, Jul 03 2005
Also number of paths from (0,0) to (n,0) using only steps U = (1,1), H = (1,0) and D =(1,-1), U can have 2 colors and H can have 3 colors. - N-E. Fahssi, Jan 27 2008
Equals row sums of triangle A152250 and INVERT transform of A109980: (1, 2, 8, 36, 172, 852, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Nov 30 2008
Number of overpartitions in the n X n box (treat a walk of the type in the first comment as an overpartition, by interpreting a NE step as N, E with the part thus created being overlined). - William J. Keith, May 19 2017
Diagonal of rational functions 1/(1 - x - y - x*y), 1/(1 - x - y*z - x*y*z). - Gheorghe Coserea, Jul 03 2018
Dimensions of endomorphism algebras End(R^{(n)}) in the Delannoy category attached to the oligomorphic group of order preserving self-bijections of the real line. - Noah Snyder, Mar 22 2023
a(n) is the number of ways to tile a strip of length n with white squares, black squares, and red dominos, where we must have an equal number of white and black squares. - Greg Dresden and Leo Zhang, Jul 11 2025

			G.f. = 1 + 3*x + 13*x^2 + 63*x^3 + 321*x^4 + 1683*x^5 + 8989*x^6 + ...

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Cf. A008288, bisection of A026003, A027618, A047665, A052141, A084773, A152250, A109980, A000129, A078057, A241023, A243949.
Main diagonal of A064861.
Column k=2 of A262809 and A263159.

seq(add(multinomial(n+k,n-k,k,k),k=0..n),n=0..20); # Zerinvary Lajos, Oct 18 2006
seq(orthopoly[P](n,3), n=0..100); # Robert Israel, Nov 03 2015

f[n_] := Sum[ Binomial[n, k] Binomial[n + k, k], {k, 0, n}]; Array[f, 21, 0] (* Or *)
a[0] = 1; a[1] = 3; a[n_] := a[n] = (3(2 n - 1)a[n - 1] - (n - 1)a[n - 2])/n; Array[a, 21, 0] (* Or *)
CoefficientList[ Series[1/Sqrt[1 - 6x + x^2], {x, 0, 20}], x] (* Robert G. Wilson v *)
Table[LegendreP[n, 3], {n, 0, 22}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 16 2012, from first formula *)
a[n_] := Hypergeometric2F1[-n, n+1, 1, -1]; Table[a[n], {n, 0, 22}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Feb 26 2013 *)
a[ n_] := With[ {m = If[n < 0, -1 - n, n]}, SeriesCoefficient[ (1 - 6 x + x^2)^(-1/2), {x, 0, m}]]; (* Michael Somos, Jun 10 2015 *)

a(n):=coeff(expand((1+3*x+2*x^2)^n),x,n);
makelist(a(n),n,0,12); /* Emanuele Munarini, Mar 02 2011 */

{a(n) = if( n<0, n = -1 - n); polcoeff( 1 / sqrt(1 - 6*x + x^2 + x * O(x^n)), n)}; /* Michael Somos, Sep 23 2006 */

{a(n) = if( n<0, n = -1 - n); subst( pollegendre(n), x, 3)}; /* Michael Somos, Sep 23 2006 */

{a(n) = if( n<0, n = -1 - n); n++; subst( Pol(((1 - x) / (1 - 2*x) + O(x^n))^n), x, 1);} /* Michael Somos, Sep 23 2006 */

a(n)=if(n<0, 0, polcoeff((1+3*x+2*x^2)^n, n)) \\ Paul Barry, Aug 22 2007

/* same as in A092566 but use */
steps=[[1,0], [0,1], [1,1]]; /* Joerg Arndt, Jun 30 2011 */

a(n)=sum(k=0,n,binomial(n,k)*binomial(n+k,k)); \\ Joerg Arndt, May 11 2013

my(x='x+O('x^30)); Vec(1/sqrt(1 - 6*x + x^2)) \\ Altug Alkan, Oct 17 2015

# from Nick Hobson.
def f(a, b):
    if a == 0 or b == 0:
        return 1
    return f(a, b - 1) + f(a - 1, b) + f(a - 1, b - 1)
[f(n, n) for n in range(7)]

from gmpy2 import divexact
A001850 = [1, 3]
for n in range(2,10**3):
    A001850.append(divexact(A001850[-1]*(6*n-3)-(n-1)*A001850[-2],n))
# Chai Wah Wu, Sep 01 2014

a = lambda n: hypergeometric([-n, -n], [1], 2)
[simplify(a(n)) for n in range(23)] # Peter Luschny, Nov 19 2014

a(n) = P_n(3), where P_n is n-th Legendre polynomial.
G.f.: 1 / sqrt(1 - 6*x + x^2).
a(n) = a(n-1) + 2*A002002(n) = Sum_{j} A063007(n, j). - Henry Bottomley, Jul 02 2001
Dominant term in asymptotic expansion is binomial(2*n, n)/2^(1/4)*((sqrt(2) + 1)/2)^(2*n + 1)*(1 + c_1/n + c_2/n^2 + ...). - Michael David Hirschhorn
a(n) = Sum_{i=0..n} (A000079(i)*A008459(n, i)) = Sum_{i=0..n} (2^i * C(n, i)^2). - Antti Karttunen, Oct 10 2001
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n+k, n-k)*C(2*k, k). - Benoit Cloitre, Feb 13 2003
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n, k)^2 * 2^k. - Michael Somos, Oct 08 2003
a(n - 1) = coefficient of x^n in A120588(x)^n if n>=0. - Michael Somos, Apr 11 2012
G.f. of a(n-1) = 1 / (1 - x / (1 - 2*x / (1 - 2*x / (1 - x / (1 - 2*x / (1 - x / ...)))))). - Michael Somos, May 11 2012
INVERT transform is A109980. BINOMIAL transform is A080609. BINOMIAL transform of A006139. PSUM transform is A089165. PSUMSIGN transform is A026933. First backward difference is A110170. - Michael Somos, May 11 2012
E.g.f.: exp(3*x)*BesselI(0, 2*sqrt(2)*x). - Vladeta Jovovic, Mar 21 2004
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(2*n-k, n)*C(n, k). - Paul Barry, Apr 23 2005
a(n) = Sum_{k>=n} binomial(k, n)^2/2^(k+1). - Vladeta Jovovic, Aug 25 2006
a(n) = a(-1 - n) for all n in Z. - Michael Somos, Sep 23 2006
D-finite with recurrence: a(-1) = a(0) = 1; n*a(n) = 3*(2*n-1)*a(n-1) - (n-1)*a(n-2). Eq (4) in T. D. Noe's article in JIS 9 (2006) #06.2.7.
Define general Delannoy numbers by (i,j > 0): d(i,0) = d(0,j) = 1 =: d(0,0) and d(i,j) = d(i-1,j-1) + d(i-2,j-1) + d(i-1,j). Then a(k) = Sum_{j >= 0} d(k,j)^2 + d(k-1,j)^2 = A026933(n)+A026933(n-1). This is a special case of the following formula for general Delannoy numbers: d(k,j) = Sum_{i >= 0, p=0..n} d(p, i) * d(n-p, j-i) + d(p-1, i) * d(n-p-1, j-i-1). - Peter E John, Oct 19 2006
Coefficient of x^n in (1 + 3*x + 2*x^2)^n. - N-E. Fahssi, Jan 11 2008
a(n) = A008288(A046092(n)). - Philippe Deléham, Apr 08 2009
G.f.: 1/(1 - x - 2*x/(1 - x - x/(1 - x - x/(1 - x - x/(1 - ... (continued fraction). - Paul Barry, May 28 2009
G.f.: d/dx log(1/(1 - x*A001003(x))). - Vladimir Kruchinin, Apr 19 2011
G.f.: 1/(2*Q(0) + x - 1) where Q(k) = 1 + k*(1-x) - x - x*(k + 1)*(k + 2)/Q(k+1); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Mar 14 2013
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n,k) * C(n+k,k). - Joerg Arndt, May 11 2013
G.f.: G(0), where G(k) = 1 + x*(6 - x)*(4*k + 1)/(4*k + 2 - 2*x*(6-x)*(2*k + 1)*(4*k + 3)/(x*(6 - x)*(4*k + 3) + 4*(k + 1)/G(k+1))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jun 22 2013
G.f.: 2/G(0), where G(k) = 1 + 1/(1 - x*(6 - x)*(2*k - 1)/(x*(6 - x)*(2*k - 1) + 2*(k + 1)/G(k+1) )); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jul 16 2013
G.f.: G(0)/2, where G(k) = 1 + 1/(1 - x*(6 - x)*(2*k + 1)/(x*(6 - x)*(2*k + 1) + 2*(k + 1)/G(k+1))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jul 17 2013
a(n)^2 = Sum_{k=0..n} 2^k * C(2*k, k)^2 * C(n+k, n-k) = A243949(n). - Paul D. Hanna, Aug 17 2014
a(n) = hypergeom([-n, -n], [1], 2). - Peter Luschny, Nov 19 2014
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n/2} C(n-k,k) * 3^(n-2*k) * 2^k * C(n,k). - Vladimir Kruchinin, Jun 29 2015
a(n) = A049600(n, n-1).
a(n) = Sum_{0 <= j, k <= n} (-1)^(n+j)*C(n,k)*C(n,j)*C(n+k,k)*C(n+k+j,k+j). Cf. A126086 and A274668. - Peter Bala, Jan 15 2020
a(n) ~ c * (3 + 2*sqrt(2))^n / sqrt(n), where c = 1/sqrt(4*Pi*(3*sqrt(2)-4)) = 0.572681... (Banderier and Schwer, 2005). - Amiram Eldar, Jun 07 2020
a(n+1) = 3*a(n) + 2*Sum_{l=1..n} A006318(l)*a(n-l). [Eq. (1.16) in Qi-Shi-Guo (2016)]
a(n) ~ (1 + sqrt(2))^(2*n+1) / (2^(5/4) * sqrt(Pi*n)). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jan 09 2023
a(n-1) + a(n) = A241023(n) for n >= 1. - Peter Bala, Sep 18 2024
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n+k, 2*k) * C(2*k, k). - Greg Dresden and Leo Zhang, Jul 11 2025

New name and reference Sep 15 1995

Formula and more references from Don Knuth, May 15 1996

A002002 a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n-1} binomial(n,k+1) * binomial(n+k,k).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 5, 25, 129, 681, 3653, 19825, 108545, 598417, 3317445, 18474633, 103274625, 579168825, 3256957317, 18359266785, 103706427393, 586889743905, 3326741166725, 18885056428537, 107347191941249, 610916200215241

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane, Simon Plouffe

From Benoit Cloitre, Jan 29 2002: (Start)
Array interpretation (first row and column are the natural numbers):
  1 2 3 ..j ... if b(i,j) = b(i-1,j) + b(i-1,j-1) + b(i,j-1) then a(n+1) = b(n,n)
  2 5 .........
  .............
  i........... b(i,j)
(End)
Number of ordered trees with 2n edges, having root of even degree, nonroot nodes of outdegree at most 2 and branches of odd length. - Emeric Deutsch, Aug 02 2002
Coefficient of x^n in ((1-x)/(1-2x))^n, n>0. - Michael Somos, Sep 24 2003
Number of peaks in all Schroeder paths (i.e., consisting of steps U=(1,1), D=(1,-1), H=(2,0) and never going below the x-axis) from (0,0) to (2n,0). Example: a(2)=5 because HH, HU*D, U*DH, UHD, U*DU*D, UU*DD contain 5 peaks (indicated by *). - Emeric Deutsch, Dec 06 2003
a(n) is the total number of HHs in all Schroeder (n+1)-paths. Example: a(2)=5 because UH*HD, H*H*H, UDH*H, H*HUD contain 5 HHs (indicated by *) and the other 18 Schroeder 3-paths contain no HHs. - David Callan, Jul 03 2006
a(n) is the total number of Hs in all Schroeder n-paths. Example: a(2)=5 as the Schroeder 2-paths are HH, DUH, DHU, HDU, DUDU and DDUU, and there are 5 H's. In general, a(n) is the total number of H..Hs (m+1 H's) in all Schroeder (n+m)-paths. - FUNG Cheok Yin, Jun 19 2021
a(n) is the number of points in Z^(n+1) that are L1 (Manhattan) distance <= n from the origin, or the number of points in Z^n that are L1 distance <= n+1 from the origin. These terms occur in the crystal ball sequences: a(n) here is the n-th term in the sequence for the (n+1)-dimensional cubic lattice as well as the (n+1)-st term in the sequence for the n-dimensional cubic lattice. See A008288 for a list of crystal ball sequences (rows or columns of A008288). - Shel Kaphan, Dec 25 2022 [Edited by Peter Munn, Jan 05 2023]

			G.f. = x + 5*x^2 + 25*x^3 + 129*x^4 + 681*x^5 + 3653*x^6 + 19825*x^7 + 108545*x^8 + ...

N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000 (terms 0 through 100 were computed by Vincenzo Librandi)
Paul Barry, On Integer-Sequence-Based Constructions of Generalized Pascal Triangles, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 9 (2006), Article 06.2.4.
Paul Barry, Riordan arrays, generalized Narayana triangles, and series reversion, Linear Algebra and its Applications, 491 (2016) 343-385.
Paul Barry, On the inversion of Riordan arrays, arXiv:2101.06713 [math.CO], 2021.
F. D. Cunden, F. Mezzadri, N. Simm and P. Vivo, Correlators for the Wigner-Smith time-delay matrix of chaotic cavities, arXiv:1601.06690 [math-ph], 2016.
L. Ericksen, Lattice path combinatorics for multiple product identities, J. of Statistical Planning and Inference 140 (2010) 2113-2226, see p. 2219.
Ricardo Gómez Aíza, Trees with flowers: A catalog of integer partition and integer composition trees with their asymptotic analysis, arXiv:2402.16111 [math.CO], 2024. See p. 19.
Milan Janjic, Two Enumerative Functions
Milan Janjić, On Restricted Ternary Words and Insets, arXiv:1905.04465 [math.CO], 2019.
Milan Janjic and B. Petkovic, A Counting Function, arXiv:1301.4550 [math.CO], 2013.
G. Rutledge and R. D. Douglass, Integral functions associated with certain binomial coefficient sums, Amer. Math. Monthly, 43 (1936), 27-32.

Bisection of A002003, Cf. A047781, A001003.
a(n)=T(n, n+1), array T as in A050143.
a(n)=T(n, n+1), array T as in A064861.
Half the first differences of central Delannoy numbers (A001850).
a(n)=T(n, n+1), array T as in A008288.
Cf. A026002, A190666, A259554.

[&+[Binomial(n,k+1)*Binomial(n+k,k): k in [0..n]]: n in [0..21]];  // Bruno Berselli, May 19 2011

A064861 := proc(n,k) option remember; if n = 1 then 1; elif k = 0 then 0; else A064861(n,k-1)+(3/2-1/2*(-1)^(n+k))*A064861(n-1,k); fi; end; seq(A064861(i,i+1),i=1..40);

CoefficientList[Series[((1-x)/Sqrt[1-6x+x^2]-1)/2, {x,0,30}],x]  (* Harvey P. Dale, Mar 17 2011 *)
a[ n_] := n Hypergeometric2F1[ n + 1, -n + 1, 2, -1] (* Michael Somos, Aug 09 2011 *)
a[ n_] := With[{m = Abs@n}, Sign[n] Sum[ Binomial[ m, k] Binomial[ m + k - 1, m], {k, m}]]; (* Michael Somos, Aug 09 2011 *)

makelist(sum(binomial(n,k+1)*binomial(n+k,k), k, 0, n), n, 0, 21); /* Bruno Berselli, May 19 2011 */

{a(n) = my(m = abs(n)); sign( n) * sum( k=0, m-1, binomial( m, k+1) * binomial( m+k, k))}; /* Michael Somos, Aug 09 2011 */

/* L.g.f.: Sum_{n>=1} d^(n-1)/dx^(n-1) x^(2*n-1)*(1-x)^(-n)/n! */
{Dx(n, F)=local(D=F); for(i=1, n, D=deriv(D)); D}
{a(n)=local(A=1); A=(sum(m=1, n+1, Dx(m-1, x^(2*m-1)/(1-x)^m/m!)+x*O(x^n))); n*polcoeff(A, n)}
for(n=0, 30, print1(a(n), ", ")) \\ Paul D. Hanna, May 17 2015

a = lambda n: hypergeometric([1-n, -n], [1], 2) if n>0 else 0
[simplify(a(n)) for n in range(22)] # Peter Luschny, Nov 19 2014

G.f.: ((1-x)/sqrt(1-6*x+x^2)-1)/2. - Emeric Deutsch, Aug 02 2002
E.g.f.: exp(3*x)*(BesselI(0, 2*sqrt(2)*x)+sqrt(2)*BesselI(1, 2*sqrt(2)*x)). - Vladeta Jovovic, Mar 28 2004
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n-1} binomial(n-1, k)*binomial(n+k, k+1). - Paul Barry, Sep 20 2004
a(n) = n * hypergeom([n + 1, -n + 1], [2], -1) = ((n+1)*LegendreP(n+1,3) - (5*n+3)*LegendreP(n,3))/(2*n) for n > 0. - Mark van Hoeij, Jul 12 2010
G.f.: x*d/dx log(1/(1-x*A006318(x))). - Vladimir Kruchinin, Apr 19 2011
a(n) = -a(-n) for all n in Z. - Michael Somos, Aug 09 2011
G.f.: -1 + 1 / ( 1 - x / (1 - 4*x / (1 - x^2 / (1 - 4*x / (1 - x^2 / (1 - 4*x / ...)))))). - Michael Somos, Jan 03 2013
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} A201701(n,k)^2 = Sum_{k=0..n} A124182(n,k)^2 for n > 0. - Philippe Deléham, Dec 05 2011
D-finite with recurrence: 2*(6*n^2-12*n+5)*a(n-1)-(n-2)*(2*n-1)*a(n-2)-n*(2*n-3)*a(n)=0. - Vaclav Kotesovec, Oct 04 2012
a(n) ~ (3+2*sqrt(2))^n/(2^(5/4)*sqrt(Pi*n)). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Oct 04 2012
D-finite (an alternative): n*a(n) = (6-n)*a(n-6) + (14*n-72)*a(n-5) + (264-63*n)*a(n-4) + 100*(n-3)*a(n-3) + (114-63*n)*a(n-2) + 2*(7*n-6)*a(n-1), n >= 7. - Fung Lam, Feb 05 2014
a(n) = (-1)^(n-1)*Sum_{k=0..n-1} (-2)^k*binomial(n-1,k)*binomial(n+k,k) and n^3*a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n-1} (4*k^3+4*k^2+4*k+1)*binomial(n-1,k)*binomial(n+k,k). For each of the two equalities, both sides satisfy the same recurrence -- this follows from the Zeilberger algorithm. - Zhi-Wei Sun, Aug 30 2014
a(n) = hypergeom([1-n, -n], [1], 2) for n >= 1. - Peter Luschny, Nov 19 2014
Logarithmic derivative of A001003 (little Schroeder numbers). - Paul D. Hanna, May 17 2015
L.g.f.: L(x) = Sum_{n>=1} d^(n-1)/dx^(n-1) x^(2*n-1) * (1-x)^(-n) / n! = Sum_{n>=1} a(n)*x^n/n where exp(L(x)) = g.f. of A001003. - Paul D. Hanna, May 17 2015
a(n+1) = (1/2^(n+1)) * Sum_{k >= 0} (1/2^k) * binomial(n + k, n)*binomial(n + k, n + 1). - Peter Bala, Mar 02 2017
2*a(n) = A110170(n), n > 0. - R. J. Mathar, Feb 10 2022
a(n) = (LegendreP(n,3) - LegendreP(n-1,3))/2. - Mark van Hoeij, Jul 14 2022
D-finite with recurrence n*a(n) +(-7*n+5)*a(n-1) +(7*n-16)*a(n-2) +(-n+3)*a(n-3)=0. - R. J. Mathar, Aug 01 2022
From Peter Bala, Nov 08 2022: (Start)
a(n) = (-1)^(n+1)*hypergeom( [n+1, -n+1], [1], 2) for n >= 1.
The Gauss congruences hold: a(n*p^r) == a(n^p^(r-1)) (mod p^r) for all primes p and all positive integers n and r. (End)
From Peter Bala, Apr 18 2024: (Start)
G.f.: Sum_{n >= 1} binomial(2*n-1, n)*x^n/(1 - x)^(2*n) = x + 5*x^2 + 25*x^3 + 129*x^4 + ....
Row sums of A253283. (End)

More terms from Clark Kimberling

A085362 a(0)=1; for n>0, a(n) = 25^(n-1) - (1/2)Sum_{i=1..n-1} a(i)*a(n-i).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 8, 34, 150, 678, 3116, 14494, 68032, 321590, 1528776, 7301142, 35003238, 168359754, 812041860, 3926147730, 19022666310, 92338836390, 448968093320, 2186194166950, 10659569748370, 52037098259090, 254308709196660

Offset: 0

Mario Catalani (mario.catalani(AT)unito.it), Jun 25 2003

Number of bilateral Schroeder paths (i.e. lattice paths consisting of steps U=(1,1), D=(1,-1) and H=(2,0)) from (0,0) to (2n,0) and with no H-steps at even (zero, positive or negative) levels. Example: a(2)=8 because we have UDUD, UUDD, UHD, UDDU and their reflections in the x-axis. First differences of A026375. - Emeric Deutsch, Jan 28 2004
From G. C. Greubel, May 22 2020: (Start)
This sequence is part of a class of sequences, for m >= 0, with the properties:
a(n) = 2*m*(4*m+1)^(n-1) - (1/2)*Sum_{k=1..n-1} a(k)*a(n-k).
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} m^k * binomial(n-1, n-k) * binomial(2*k, k).
a(n) = (2*m) * Hypergeometric2F1(-n+1, 3/2; 2; -4*m), for n > 0.
n*a(n) = 2*((2*m+1)*n - (m+1))*a(n-1) - (4*m+1)*(n-2)*a(n-2).
(4*m + 1)^n = Sum_{k=0..n} Sum_{j=0..k} a(j)*a(k-j).
G.f.: sqrt( (1 - t)/(1 - (4*m+1)*t) ).
This sequence is the case of m=1. (End)

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200
László Németh, Tetrahedron trinomial coefficient transform, arXiv:1905.13475 [math.CO], 2019.

Bisection of A026392.
Cf. A000351 (5^n), A026375, A085363, A085364, A085455.
Cf. A110170, A162478, A359758, A360132.
Cf. A063886, A360317, A360318, A360319, A360321, A360322.
Essentially the same as A026387.

R:=PowerSeriesRing(Rationals(), 30); Coefficients(R!( Sqrt((1-x)/(1-5*x)) )); // G. C. Greubel, May 23 2020

a := n -> `if`(n=0,1,2*hypergeom([3/2, 1-n], [2], -4)):
seq(simplify(a(n)), n=0..22); # Peter Luschny, Jan 30 2017

CoefficientList[Series[Sqrt[(1-x)/(1-5x)], {x, 0, 25}], x]

my(x='x+O('x^66)); Vec(sqrt((1-x)/(1-5*x))) \\ Joerg Arndt, May 10 2013

def A085362_list(prec):
    P. = PowerSeriesRing(ZZ, prec)
    return P( sqrt((1-x)/(1-5*x)) ).list()
A085362_list(30) # G. C. Greubel, May 23 2020

G.f.: sqrt((1-x)/(1-5*x)).
Sum_{i=0..n} (Sum_{j=0..i} a(j)*a(i-j)) = 5^n.
D-finite with recurrence: a(n) = (2*(3*n-2)*a(n-1)-5*(n-2)*a(n-2))/n; a(0)=1, a(1)=2. - Emeric Deutsch, Jan 28 2004
a(n) ~ 2*5^(n-1/2)/sqrt(Pi*n). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Oct 14 2012
G.f.: G(0), where G(k)= 1 + 4*x*(4*k+1)/( (4*k+2)*(1-x) - 2*x*(1-x)* (2*k+1)*(4*k+3)/(x*(4*k+3) + (1-x)*(k+1)/G(k+1))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jun 22 2013
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} binomial(2*k,k)*binomial(n-1,n-k). - Vladimir Kruchinin, May 30 2016
a(n) = 2*hypergeom([3/2, 1-n], [2], -4) for n>0. - Peter Luschny, Jan 30 2017
a(0) = 1; a(n) = (2/n) * Sum_{k=0..n-1} (n+k) * a(k). - Seiichi Manyama, Mar 28 2023
From Seiichi Manyama, Aug 22 2025: (Start)
a(n) = (1/4)^n * Sum_{k=0..n} 5^k * binomial(2*k,k) * binomial(2*(n-k),n-k)/(1-2*(n-k)).
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^k * 5^(n-k) * binomial(2*k,k)/(1-2*k) * binomial(n-1,n-k). (End)

A359758 Expansion of 1/sqrt(1 - 4*x/(1-x)^5).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 16, 110, 770, 5512, 40066, 294484, 2182850, 16288430, 122198926, 920820578, 6964483628, 52840433000, 401990254180, 3065365241440, 23422905551018, 179302895759782, 1374785979255880, 10556280995419090, 81161958814162700, 624750086745027388

Offset: 0

Seiichi Manyama, Mar 24 2023

nonn

Winston de Greef, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1110

Cf. A085362, A110170, A162478, A359489, A360132.

my(N=30, x='x+O('x^N)); Vec(1/sqrt(1-4*x/(1-x)^5))

a(n)=sum(k=0, n, binomial(2*k,k) * binomial(n+4*k-1,n-k)) \\ Winston de Greef, Mar 24 2023

a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} binomial(2*k,k) * binomial(n+4*k-1,n-k).
n*a(n) = (10*n-8)*a(n-1) - (19*n-46)*a(n-2) + 20*(n-3)*a(n-3) - 15*(n-4)*a(n-4) + 6*(n-5)*a(n-5) - (n-6)*a(n-6) for n > 5.
a(0) = 1; a(n) = (2/n) * Sum_{k=0..n-1} (n+k) * binomial(n+3-k,4) * a(k).

A360132 Expansion of 1/sqrt(1 - 4*x/(1-x)^6).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 18, 134, 1010, 7788, 60978, 482708, 3853338, 30964238, 250150176, 2029781310, 16530857930, 135051216620, 1106287906140, 9083459084364, 74734798117570, 615998603183550, 5085522355488150, 42045309424052250, 348067638153560040, 2884832348569699340

Offset: 0

Seiichi Manyama, Mar 24 2023

nonn

Cf. A085362, A110170, A162478, A359489, A359758.

my(N=30, x='x+O('x^N)); Vec(1/sqrt(1-4*x/(1-x)^6))

a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} binomial(2*k,k) * binomial(n+5*k-1,n-k).
n*a(n) = (11*n-9)*a(n-1) - (25*n-60)*a(n-2) + 35*(n-3)*a(n-3) - 35*(n-4)*a(n-4) + 21*(n-5)*a(n-5) - 7*(n-6)*a(n-6) + (n-7)*a(n-7) for n > 6.
a(0) = 1; a(n) = (2/n) * Sum_{k=0..n-1} (n+k) * binomial(n+4-k,5) * a(k).

A359489 Expansion of 1/sqrt(1 - 4*x/(1-x)^3).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 12, 68, 396, 2358, 14262, 87252, 538440, 3345434, 20899816, 131154264, 826135794, 5220372274, 33077821314, 210087769632, 1337104370320, 8525602760550, 54449281992528, 348250972411252, 2230296171922008, 14300414859019290, 91791793780179790

Offset: 0

Seiichi Manyama, Mar 24 2023

nonn

Winston de Greef, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1218

Cf. A085362, A110170, A162478, A359758, A360132.

CoefficientList[Series[1/Sqrt[1-(4x)/(1-x)^3],{x,0,30}],x] (* Harvey P. Dale, Aug 09 2023 *)

my(N=30, x='x+O('x^N)); Vec(1/sqrt(1-4*x/(1-x)^3))

a(n) = sum(k=0, n, binomial(2*k,k) * binomial(n+2*k-1,n-k)) \\ Winston de Greef, Mar 24 2023

a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} binomial(2*k,k) * binomial(n+2*k-1,n-k).
n*a(n) = (8*n-6)*a(n-1) - (10*n-24)*a(n-2) + 4*(n-3)*a(n-3) - (n-4)*a(n-4) for n > 3.
a(n) ~ sqrt(2*(2 + (35 + 3*sqrt(129))^(1/3))) * (40 + 7*(262 + 6*sqrt(129))^(1/3) + (262 + 6*sqrt(129))^(2/3))^n / ((43*(86 + 6*sqrt(129)))^(1/6) * sqrt(Pi*n) * 3^n * (262 + 6*sqrt(129))^(n/3)). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 25 2023
a(0) = 1; a(n) = (2/n) * Sum_{k=0..n-1} (n+k) * binomial(n+1-k,2) * a(k). - Seiichi Manyama, Mar 28 2023

A128966 Triangle read by rows of coefficients of polynomials P[n](x) defined by P[0]=0, P[1]=x+1; for n >= 2, P[n]=(x+1)P[n-1]+xP[n-2].

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 4, 4, 1, 1, 6, 10, 6, 1, 1, 8, 20, 20, 8, 1, 1, 10, 34, 50, 34, 10, 1, 1, 12, 52, 104, 104, 52, 12, 1, 1, 14, 74, 190, 258, 190, 74, 14, 1, 1, 16, 100, 316, 552, 552, 316, 100, 16, 1, 1, 18, 130, 490, 1058, 1362, 1058, 490, 130, 18, 1, 1, 20, 164

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane, May 10 2007

A variant of A008288 (they satisfy the same recurrence).

			Triangle begins:
0
1, 1
1, 2, 1
1, 4, 4, 1
1, 6, 10, 6, 1
1, 8, 20, 20, 8, 1
1, 10, 34, 50, 34, 10, 1
1, 12, 52, 104, 104, 52, 12, 1
1, 14, 74, 190, 258, 190, 74, 14, 1
1, 16, 100, 316, 552, 552, 316, 100, 16, 1

Reinhard Zumkeller, Rows n = 0..125 of triangle, flattened

Cf. A163271 (row sums), A110170 (central terms).

Cf. A102413.

a128966 n k = a128966_tabl !! n !! k
a128966_row n = a128966_tabl !! n
a128966_tabl = map fst $ iterate
   (\(us, vs) -> (vs, zipWith (+) ([0] ++ us ++ [0]) $
                      zipWith (+) ([0] ++ vs) (vs ++ [0]))) ([0], [1, 1])
-- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jul 20 2013

P[0]:=0;
P[1]:=x+1;
for n from 2 to 14 do
P[n]:=expand((x+1)*P[n-1]+x*P[n-2]);
lprint(P[n]);
lprint(seriestolist(series(P[n],x,200)));
od:

t[n_, k_] := 2^(1-n)*Binomial[n, k]*Sum[Binomial[n, 2*m+1]*HypergeometricPFQ[{-k, -m, k-n}, {1/2-n/2, -n/2}, -1], {m, 0, (n-1)/2}]; Table[t[n, k], {n, 0, 11}, {k, 0, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Jan 09 2014, after Max Alekseyev *)

{ T(n,k) = sum(m=0,(n-1)\2, binomial(n,2*m+1) * sum(j=0,m, binomial(m,j) * binomial(n-2*j,k-j) * 2^(2*j+1-n) ) ) } \\ Max Alekseyev, Mar 10 2008

P[n](x) = (x+1) * ( ((x+1+sqrt(x^2+6x+1))/2)^n - ((x+1-sqrt(x^2+6x+1))/2)^n ) / sqrt(x^2+6x+1) - Max Alekseyev, Mar 10 2008

P[n](x) = (x+1) * (sqrt(x)*I)^(n-1) * U[n-1](-I*(x+1)/sqrt(x)/2), where U[n](t) is Chebyshev polynomial of the 2nd kind. - Max Alekseyev, Mar 10 2008

A361815 Expansion of 1/sqrt(1 - 4x(1-x)^2).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 2, -2, -14, -32, -30, 64, 346, 752, 584, -2044, -9486, -19324, -11368, 66180, 271658, 514916, 192584, -2151612, -7949736, -13933280, -1779028, 69933368, 235295106, 378579404, -61171228, -2267724644, -7003832456, -10248117752, 5236354188, 73288104568

Offset: 0

Seiichi Manyama, Mar 25 2023

sign

Diagonal of rational function 1/(1 - (1 - x*y) * (x + y)).

Seiichi Manyama, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000

Cf. A085362, A110170, A162478, A359489, A359758, A360132, A361816, A361817.

Cf. A137635.

my(N=40, x='x+O('x^N)); Vec(1/sqrt(1-4*x*(1-x)^2))

a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^(n-k) * binomial(2*k,k) * binomial(2*k,n-k).

n*a(n) = 2 * ( (2*n-1)*a(n-1) - 2*(2*n-2)*a(n-2) + (2*n-3)*a(n-3) ) for n > 2.

A361816 Expansion of 1/sqrt(1 - 4x(1-x)^3).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 0, -10, -22, 12, 174, 344, -354, -3304, -5780, 9180, 65258, 99132, -226620, -1313580, -1690990, 5441340, 26681700, 28070100, -128211552, -543818824, -440381780, 2978145240, 11080939914, 6162798092, -68377892976, -225107280388, -64286124152

Offset: 0

Seiichi Manyama, Mar 25 2023

sign

Seiichi Manyama, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000

Column k=3 of A361834.
Cf. A085362, A110170, A162478, A359489, A359758, A360132, A361815, A361817.
Cf. A361812.

my(N=30, x='x+O('x^N)); Vec(1/sqrt(1-4*x*(1-x)^3))

a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^(n-k) * binomial(2*k,k) * binomial(3*k,n-k).

n*a(n) = 2 * ( (2*n-1)*a(n-1) - 3*(2*n-2)*a(n-2) + 3*(2*n-3)*a(n-3) - (2*n-4)*a(n-4) ) for n > 3.

A255688 G.f.: (2x+1)/(2sqrt(4x^2-8x+1)) + 1/2.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 15, 90, 579, 3858, 26262, 181380, 1265955, 8906706, 63058530, 448716876, 3206387790, 22992276180, 165364807308, 1192393813320, 8617219956003, 62397513984210, 452607991376490, 3288138397237884, 23921128800374874, 174244027232971548, 1270655996584434420

Offset: 0

Vladimir Kruchinin, Mar 15 2015

			G.f. = 1 + 3*x + 15*x^2 + 90*x^3 + 579*x^4 + 3858*x^5 + 26262*x^6 + ... - _Michael Somos_, May 26 2022

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000

Cf. A098663, A110170.

CoefficientList[Series[(2*x+1)/(2*Sqrt[4*x^2-8*x+1])+1/2, {x, 0, 20}], x] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 15 2015 *)

a(n):=sum(2^(n-i)*binomial(n,i)*binomial(n+i-1,i),i,0,n);

my(x='x+O('x^50)); Vec((2*x+1)/(2*sqrt(4*x^2-8*x+1)) + 1/2) \\ G. C. Greubel, Jun 03 2017

a = lambda n: 2^n*hypergeometric([-n, n], [1], -1/2).simplify()
[a(n) for n in range(21)] # Peter Luschny, Mar 15 2015

a(n) = Sum_{i=0..n} 2^(n-i)*binomial(n,i)*binomial(n+i-1,i).
a(n) ~ 3^(1/4) * 2^(n-1) * (2+sqrt(3))^n / sqrt(Pi*n). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 15 2015
a(n) = 2^n*hypergeom([-n, n], [1], -1/2). - Peter Luschny, Mar 15 2015
D-finite with recurrence: n*a(n) -6*n*a(n-1) +12*(-n+3)*a(n-2) +8*(n-3)*a(n-3)=0. - R. J. Mathar, Jan 25 2020
From Michael Somos, May 26 2022: (Start)
a(n) = (-2)^n * (P_n(-2) - P_{n-1}(-2))/2 if n>0 where P_n(x) is Legendre polynomial.
0 = a(n)*(+64*a(n+1) -96*a(n+2) -192*a(n+3) +32*a(n+4)) +a(n+1)*(-96*a(n+1) +240*a(n+2) +272*a(n+3) -48*a(n+4)) +a(n+2)*(-144*a(n+2) +60*a(n+3) -6*a(n+4)) + a(n+3)*(-6*a(n+3) +a(n+4)) if n>=0. (End)
From Peter Bala, Nov 08 2022: (Start)
a(n) = [x^n] ( (1 + 2*x)/(1 - x) )^n.
The Gauss congruences hold: a(n*p^r) == a(n^p^(r-1)) (mod p^r) for all primes p and all positive integers n and r. (End)
a(n) = 3*A098663(n-1) = Sum_{k = 0..n-1} binomial(n-1, k)*binomial(n, k+1)* 3^(k+1) for n >= 1. - Peter Bala, Sep 02 2024

cp's OEIS Frontend

A001850 Central Delannoy numbers: a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n,k)*C(n+k,k).

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A002002 a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n-1} binomial(n,k+1) * binomial(n+k,k).

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A085362 a(0)=1; for n>0, a(n) = 2*5^(n-1) - (1/2)*Sum_{i=1..n-1} a(i)*a(n-i).

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A361816 Expansion of 1/sqrt(1 - 4x(1-x)^3).

A255688 G.f.: (2x+1)/(2sqrt(4x^2-8x+1)) + 1/2.