A322661 -id:A322661 - cp's OEIS frontend

A000085 Number of self-inverse permutations on n letters, also known as involutions; number of standard Young tableaux with n cells.

1, 1, 2, 4, 10, 26, 76, 232, 764, 2620, 9496, 35696, 140152, 568504, 2390480, 10349536, 46206736, 211799312, 997313824, 4809701440, 23758664096, 119952692896, 618884638912, 3257843882624, 17492190577600, 95680443760576, 532985208200576, 3020676745975552

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane and J. H. Conway

a(n) is also the number of n X n symmetric permutation matrices.
a(n) is also the number of matchings (Hosoya index) in the complete graph K(n). - Ola Veshta (olaveshta(AT)my-deja.com), Mar 25 2001
a(n) is also the number of independent vertex sets and vertex covers in the n-triangular graph. - Eric W. Weisstein, May 22 2017
Equivalently, this is the number of graphs on n labeled nodes with degrees at most 1. - Don Knuth, Mar 31 2008
a(n) is also the sum of the degrees of the irreducible representations of the symmetric group S_n. - Avi Peretz (njk(AT)netvision.net.il), Apr 01 2001
a(n) is the number of partitions of a set of n distinguishable elements into sets of size 1 and 2. - Karol A. Penson, Apr 22 2003
Number of tableaux on the edges of the star graph of order n, S_n (sometimes T_n). - Roberto E. Martinez II, Jan 09 2002
The Hankel transform of this sequence is A000178 (superfactorials). Sequence is also binomial transform of the sequence 1, 0, 1, 0, 3, 0, 15, 0, 105, 0, 945, ... (A001147 with interpolated zeros). - Philippe Deléham, Jun 10 2005
Row sums of the exponential Riordan array (e^(x^2/2),x). - Paul Barry, Jan 12 2006
a(n) is the number of nonnegative lattice paths of upsteps U = (1,1) and downsteps D = (1,-1) that start at the origin and end on the vertical line x = n in which each downstep (if any) is marked with an integer between 1 and the height of its initial vertex above the x-axis. For example, with the required integer immediately preceding each downstep, a(3) = 4 counts UUU, UU1D, UU2D, U1DU. - David Callan, Mar 07 2006
Equals row sums of triangle A152736 starting with offset 1. - Gary W. Adamson, Dec 12 2008
Proof of the recurrence relation a(n) = a(n-1) + (n-1)*a(n-2): number of involutions of [n] containing n as a fixed point is a(n-1); number of involutions of [n] containing n in some cycle (j, n), where 1 <= j <= n-1, is (n-1) times the number of involutions of [n] containing the cycle (n-1 n) = (n-1)*a(n-2). - Emeric Deutsch, Jun 08 2009
Number of ballot sequences (or lattice permutations) of length n. A ballot sequence B is a string such that, for all prefixes P of B, h(i) >= h(j) for i < j, where h(x) is the number of times x appears in P. For example, the ballot sequences of length 4 are 1111, 1112, 1121, 1122, 1123, 1211, 1212, 1213, 1231, and 1234. The string 1221 does not appear in the list because in the 3-prefix 122 there are two 2's but only one 1. (Cf. p. 176 of Bruce E. Sagan: "The Symmetric Group"). - Joerg Arndt, Jun 28 2009
Number of standard Young tableaux of size n; the ballot sequences are obtained as a length-n vector v where v_k is the (number of the) row in which the number r occurs in the tableaux. - Joerg Arndt, Jul 29 2012
Number of factorial numbers of length n-1 with no adjacent nonzero digits. For example the 10 such numbers (in rising factorial radix) of length 3 are 000, 001, 002, 003, 010, 020, 100, 101, 102, and 103. - Joerg Arndt, Nov 11 2012
Also called restricted Stirling numbers of the second kind (see Mezo). - N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 27 2013
a(n) is the number of permutations of [n] that avoid the consecutive patterns 123 and 132. Proof. Write a self-inverse permutation in standard cycle form: smallest entry in each cycle in first position, first entries decreasing. For example, (6,7)(3,4)(2)(1,5) is in standard cycle form. Then erase parentheses. This is a bijection to the permutations that avoid consecutive 123 and 132 patterns. - David Callan, Aug 27 2014
Getu (1991) says these numbers are also known as "telephone numbers". - N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 23 2015
a(n) is the number of elements x in the symmetric group S_n such that x^2 = e where e is the identity. - Jianing Song, Aug 22 2018 [Edited on Jul 24 2025]
a(n) is the number of congruence orbits of upper-triangular n X n matrices on skew-symmetric matrices, or the number of Borel orbits in largest sect of the type DIII symmetric space SO_{2n}(C)/GL_n(C). Involutions can also be thought of as fixed-point-free partial involutions. See [Bingham and Ugurlu] link. - Aram Bingham, Feb 08 2020
From Thomas Anton, Apr 20 2020: (Start)
Apparently a(n) = b*c where b is odd iff a(n+b) (when a(n) is defined) is divisible by b.
Apparently a(n) = 2^(f(n mod 4)+floor(n/4))*q where f:{0,1,2,3}->{0,1,2} is given by f(0),f(1)=0, f(2)=1 and f(3)=2 and q is odd. (End)
From Iosif Pinelis, Mar 12 2021: (Start)
a(n) is the n-th initial moment of the normal distribution with mean 1 and variance 1. This follows because the moment generating function of that distribution is the e.g.f. of the sequence of the a(n)'s.
The recurrence a(n) = a(n-1) + (n-1)*a(n-2) also follows, by writing E(Z+1)^n=EZ(Z+1)^(n-1)+E(Z+1)^(n-1), where Z is a standard normal random variable, and then taking the first of the latter two integrals by parts. (End)

			Sequence starts 1, 1, 2, 4, 10, ... because possibilities are {}, {A}, {AB, BA}, {ABC, ACB, BAC, CBA}, {ABCD, ABDC, ACBD, ADCB, BACD, BADC, CBAD, CDAB, DBCA, DCBA}. - _Henry Bottomley_, Jan 16 2001
G.f. = 1 + x + 2*x^2 + 4*x^4 + 10*x^5 + 26*x^6 + 76*x^7 + 232*x^8 + 764*x^9 + ...
From _Gus Wiseman_, Jan 08 2021: (Start)
The a(4) = 10 standard Young tableaux:
  1 2 3 4
.
  1 2   1 3   1 2 3   1 2 4   1 3 4
  3 4   2 4   4       3       2
.
  1 2   1 3   1 4
  3     2     2
  4     4     3
.
  1
  2
  3
  4
The a(0) = 1 through a(4) = 10 set partitions into singletons or pairs:
  {}  {{1}}  {{1,2}}    {{1},{2,3}}    {{1,2},{3,4}}
             {{1},{2}}  {{1,2},{3}}    {{1,3},{2,4}}
                        {{1,3},{2}}    {{1,4},{2,3}}
                        {{1},{2},{3}}  {{1},{2},{3,4}}
                                       {{1},{2,3},{4}}
                                       {{1,2},{3},{4}}
                                       {{1},{2,4},{3}}
                                       {{1,3},{2},{4}}
                                       {{1,4},{2},{3}}
                                       {{1},{2},{3},{4}}
(End)

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Shalosh B. Ekhad and Doron Zeilberger, Computational and Theoretical Challenges on Counting Solid Standard Young Tableaux
Shalosh B. Ekhad and Doron Zeilberger, Computational and Theoretical Challenges on Counting Solid Standard Young Tableaux, [Local copy, pdf file only, no active links]
Shalosh B. Ekhad and Doron Zeilberger, Computational and Theoretical Challenges on Counting Solid Standard Young Tableaux, arXiv preprint arXiv:1202.6229 [math.CO], 2012. [This is a different document from the one with the same title on Doron Zeilberger's web site]
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FindStat - Combinatorial Statistic Finder, Standard Young tableaux
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Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Hosoya Index
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Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Independent Vertex Set
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Wikipedia, Telephone numbers.
Wikipedia, Young tableau.
Index entries for "core" sequences
Index entries for sequences related to Young tableaux.
Index entries for related partition-counting sequences

Cf. A001147, A001470, A053529, A099174, A136281-A136283, A001680, A001681.
See also A005425 for another version of the switchboard problem.
Equals 2 * A001475(n-1) for n>1.
First column of array A099020.
A069943(n+1)/A069944(n+1) = a(n)/A000142(n) in lowest terms.
Cf. A152736, A128229. - Gary W. Adamson, Dec 12 2008
Diagonal of A182172. - Alois P. Heinz, May 30 2012
Cf. A001813, A006882, A135401, A297708. - Manfred Scheucher, Jan 07 2018
Row sums of: A047884, A049403, A096713 (absolute value), A100861, A104556 (absolute value), A111924, A117506 (M_4 numbers), A122848, A238123.
A320663/A339888 count unlabeled multiset partitions into singletons/pairs.
A322661 counts labeled covering half-loop-graphs.
A339742 counts factorizations into distinct primes or squarefree semiprimes.
Cf. A000110, A000258, A000700, A000701, A321729, A321730, A321737.

a000085 n = a000085_list !! n
  a000085_list = 1 : 1 : zipWith (+)
    (zipWith (*) [1..] a000085_list) (tail a000085_list) -- Reinhard Zumkeller, May 16 2013

A000085 := proc(n) option remember; if n=0 then 1 elif n=1 then 1 else procname(n-1)+(n-1)*procname(n-2); fi; end;
with(combstruct):ZL3:=[S,{S=Set(Cycle(Z,card<3))}, labeled]:seq(count(ZL3,size=n),n=0..25); # Zerinvary Lajos, Sep 24 2007
with (combstruct):a:=proc(m) [ZL, {ZL=Set(Cycle(Z, m>=card))}, labeled]; end: A:=a(2):seq(count(A, size=n), n=0..25); # Zerinvary Lajos, Jun 11 2008

<Roger L. Bagula, Oct 06 2006 *)
With[{nn=30},CoefficientList[Series[Exp[x+x^2/2],{x,0,nn}],x] Range[0,nn]!] (* Harvey P. Dale, May 28 2013 *)
a[ n_] := Sum[(2 k - 1)!! Binomial[ n, 2 k], {k, 0, n/2}]; (* Michael Somos, Jun 01 2013 *)
a[ n_] := If[ n < 0, 0, HypergeometricU[ -n/2, 1/2, -1/2] / (-1/2)^(n/2)]; (* Michael Somos, Jun 01 2013 *)
a[ n_] := If[ n < 0, 0, n! SeriesCoefficient[ Exp[ x + x^2 / 2], {x, 0, n}]]; (* Michael Somos, Jun 01 2013 *)
Table[(I/Sqrt[2])^n HermiteH[n, -I/Sqrt[2]], {n, 0, 100}] (* Emanuele Munarini, Mar 02 2016 *)
a[n_] := Sum[StirlingS1[n, k]*2^k*BellB[k, 1/2], {k, 0, n}]; Table[a[n], {n, 0, 40}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 18 2017, after Emanuele Munarini *)
RecurrenceTable[{a[n] == a[n-1] + (n-1)*a[n-2], a[0] == 1, a[1] == 1}, a, {n, 0, 20}] (* Joan Ludevid, Jun 17 2022 *)
sds[{}]:={{}};sds[set:{i_,_}]:=Join@@Function[s,Prepend[#,s]&/@sds[Complement[set,s]]]/@Cases[Subsets[set,{1,2}],{i,_}]; Table[Length[sds[Range[n]]],{n,0,10}] (* Gus Wiseman, Jan 11 2021 *)

B(n,x):=sum(stirling2(n,k)*x^k,k,0,n);
  a(n):=sum(stirling1(n,k)*2^k*B(k,1/2),k,0,n);
  makelist(a(n),n,0,40); /* Emanuele Munarini, May 16 2014 */

makelist((%i/sqrt(2))^n*hermite(n,-%i/sqrt(2)),n,0,12); /* Emanuele Munarini, Mar 02 2016 */

{a(n) = if( n<0, 0, n! * polcoeff( exp( x + x^2 / 2 + x * O(x^n)), n))}; /* Michael Somos, Nov 15 2002 */

N=66; x='x+O('x^N); egf=exp(x+x^2/2); Vec(serlaplace(egf)) \\ Joerg Arndt, Mar 07 2013

from math import factorial
def A000085(n): return sum(factorial(n)//(factorial(n-(k<<1))*factorial(k)*(1<>1)+1)) # Chai Wah Wu, Aug 31 2023

A000085 = lambda n: hypergeometric([-n/2,(1-n)/2], [], 2)
[simplify(A000085(n)) for n in range(28)] # Peter Luschny, Aug 21 2014

def a85(n): return sum(factorial(n) / (factorial(n-2*k) * 2**k * factorial(k)) for k in range(1+n//2))
for n in range(100): print(n, a85(n)) # Manfred Scheucher, Jan 07 2018

D-finite with recurrence a(0) = a(1) = 1, a(n) = a(n-1) + (n-1)*a(n-2) for n>1.
E.g.f.: exp(x+x^2/2).
a(n) = a(n-1) + A013989(n-2) = A013989(n)/(n+1) = 1+A001189(n).
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..floor(n/2)} n!/((n-2*k)!*2^k*k!).
a(m+n) = Sum_{k>=0} k!*binomial(m, k)*binomial(n, k)*a(m-k)*a(n-k). - Philippe Deléham, Mar 05 2004
For n>1, a(n) = 2*(A000900(n) + A000902(floor(n/2))). - Max Alekseyev, Oct 31 2015
The e.g.f. y(x) satisfies y^2 = y''y' - (y')^2.
a(n) ~ c*(n/e)^(n/2)exp(n^(1/2)) where c=2^(-1/2)exp(-1/4). [Chowla]
a(n) = HermiteH(n, 1/(sqrt(2)*i))/(-sqrt(2)*i)^n, where HermiteH are the Hermite polynomials. - Karol A. Penson, May 16 2002
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} A001498((n+k)/2, (n-k)/2)(1+(-1)^(n-k))/2. - Paul Barry, Jan 12 2006
For asymptotics see the Robinson paper.
a(n) = Sum_{m=0..n} A099174(n,m). - Roger L. Bagula, Oct 06 2006
O.g.f.: A(x) = 1/(1-x-1*x^2/(1-x-2*x^2/(1-x-3*x^2/(1-... -x-n*x^2/(1- ...))))) (continued fraction). - Paul D. Hanna, Jan 17 2006
From Gary W. Adamson, Dec 29 2008: (Start)
a(n) = (n-1)*a(n-2) + a(n-1); e.g., a(7) = 232 = 6*26 + 76.
Starting with offset 1 = eigensequence of triangle A128229. (End)
a(n) = (1/sqrt(2*Pi))*Integral_{x=-oo..oo} exp(-x^2/2)*(x+1)^n. - Groux Roland, Mar 14 2011
Row sums of |A096713|. a(n) = D^n(exp(x)) evaluated at x = 0, where D is the operator sqrt(1+2*x)*d/dx. Cf. A047974 and A080599. - Peter Bala, Dec 07 2011
From Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Dec 03 2011 - Oct 28 2013: (Start)
Continued fractions:
E.g.f.: 1+x*(2+x)/(2*G(0)-x*(2+x)) where G(k)=1+x*(x+2)/(2+2*(k+1)/G(k+1)).
G.f.: 1/(U(0) - x) where U(k) = 1 + x*(k+1) - x*(k+1)/(1 - x/U(k+1)).
G.f.: 1/Q(0) where Q(k) = 1 + x*k - x/(1 - x*(k+1)/Q(k+1)).
G.f.: -1/(x*Q(0)) where Q(k) = 1 - 1/x - (k+1)/Q(k+1).
G.f.: T(0)/(1-x) where T(k) = 1 - x^2*(k+1)/( x^2*(k+1) - (1-x)^2/T(k+1)). (End)
a(n) ~ (1/sqrt(2)) * exp(sqrt(n)-n/2-1/4) * n^(n/2) * (1 + 7/(24*sqrt(n))). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Mar 07 2014
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} s(n,k)*(-1)^(n-k)*2^k*B(k,1/2), where the s(n,k) are (signless) Stirling numbers of the first kind, and the B(n,x) = Sum_{k=0..n} S(n,k)*x^k are the Stirling polynomials, where the S(n,k) are the Stirling numbers of the second kind. - Emanuele Munarini, May 16 2014
a(n) = hyper2F0([-n/2,(1-n)/2],[],2). - Peter Luschny, Aug 21 2014
0 = a(n)*(+a(n+1) + a(n+2) - a(n+3)) + a(n+1)*(-a(n+1) + a(n+2)) for all n in Z. - Michael Somos, Aug 22 2014
From Peter Bala, Oct 06 2021: (Start)
a(n+k) == a(n) (mod k) for all n >= 0 and all positive odd integers k.
Hence for each odd k, the sequence obtained by taking a(n) modulo k is a periodic sequence and the exact period divides k. For example, taking a(n) modulo 7 gives the purely periodic sequence [1, 1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 6, 1, 1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 6, 1, 1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 6, ...] of period 7. For similar results see A047974 and A115329. (End)

A006129 a(0), a(1), a(2), ... satisfy Sum_{k=0..n} a(k)*binomial(n,k) = 2^binomial(n,2), for n >= 0.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 4, 41, 768, 27449, 1887284, 252522481, 66376424160, 34509011894545, 35645504882731588, 73356937912127722841, 301275024444053951967648, 2471655539737552842139838345, 40527712706903544101000417059892, 1328579255614092968399503598175745633

Offset: 0

Colin Mallows

Also labeled graphs on n unisolated nodes (inverse binomial transform of A006125). - Vladeta Jovovic, Apr 09 2000

Also the number of edge covers of the complete graph K_n. - Eric W. Weisstein, Mar 30 2017

			2^binomial(n,2) = 1 + binomial(n,2) + 4*binomial(n,3) + 41*binomial(n,4) + 768*binomial(n,5) + ...

N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..50
A. N. Bhavale, B. N. Waphare, Basic retracts and counting of lattices, Australasian J. of Combinatorics (2020) Vol. 78, No. 1, 73-99.
C. L. Mallows & N. J. A. Sloane, Emails, May 1991
N. J. A. Sloane, Transforms
R. Tauraso, Edge cover time for regular graphs, JIS 11 (2008) 08.4.4.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Complete Graph
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Edge Cover

Row sums of A054548.

Cf. A322661 (if loops allowed), A086193 (directed edges), A002494 (unlabeled).

a:= proc(n) option remember; `if`(n=0, 1,
      2^binomial(n, 2) - add(a(k)*binomial(n,k), k=0..n-1))
    end:
seq(a(n), n=0..20);  # Alois P. Heinz, Oct 26 2012

a = Sum[2^Binomial[n, 2] x^n/n!, {n, 0, 20}]; Range[0, 20]! CoefficientList[Series[a/Exp[x], {x, 0, 20}], x] (* Geoffrey Critzer, Oct 21 2011 *)
Table[Sum[(-1)^(n - k) Binomial[n, k] 2^Binomial[k, 2], {k, 0, n}], {n, 0, 20}] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, May 04 2015 *)

for(n=0,25, print1(sum(k=0,n,(-1)^(n-k)*binomial(n, k)*2^binomial(k, 2)), ", ")) \\ G. C. Greubel, Mar 30 2017

from sympy.core.cache import cacheit
from sympy import binomial
@cacheit
def a(n): return 1 if n==0 else 2**binomial(n, 2) - sum(a(k)*binomial(n, k) for k in range(n))
print([a(n) for n in range(21)]) # Indranil Ghosh, Aug 12 2017

a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^(n-k)*binomial(n, k)*2^binomial(k, 2).
E.g.f.: A(x)/exp(x) where A(x) = Sum_{n>=0} 2^C(n,2) x^n/n!. - Geoffrey Critzer, Oct 21 2011
a(n) ~ 2^(n*(n-1)/2). - Vaclav Kotesovec, May 04 2015

More terms from Vladeta Jovovic, Apr 09 2000

A048291 Number of {0,1} n X n matrices with no zero rows or columns.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 7, 265, 41503, 24997921, 57366997447, 505874809287625, 17343602252913832063, 2334958727565749108488321, 1243237913592275536716800402887, 2630119877024657776969635243647463625, 22170632855360952977731028744522744983195423

Offset: 0

Joe Keane (jgk(AT)jgk.org)

Number of relations on n labeled points such that for every point x there exists y and z such that xRy and zRx.
Also the number of edge covers in the complete bipartite graph K_{n,n}. - Eric W. Weisstein, Apr 24 2017
Counts labeled digraphs (loops allowed, no multiarcs) on n nodes where each indegree and each outdegree is >= 1. The corresponding sequence for unlabeled digraphs (1, 5, 55, 1918,... for n >= 1) seems not to be in the OEIS. - R. J. Mathar, Nov 21 2023
These relations form a subsemigroup of the semigroup of all binary relations on [n].  The zero element is the universal relation (all 1's matrix).  See Schwarz link. - Geoffrey Critzer, Jan 15 2024

			a(2) = 7:  |01|  |01|  |10|  |10|  |11|  |11|  |11|
           |10|  |11|  |01|  |11|  |01|  |10|  |11|.

Brendan McKay, Posting to sci.math.research, Jun 14 1999.

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..32
H. Cheballah, S. Giraudo, and R. Maurice, Combinatorial Hopf algebra structure on packed square matrices, arXiv preprint arXiv:1306.6605 [math.CO], 2013.
David Dolžan and Gabriel Verret, The automorphism group of the zero-divisor digraph of matrices over an antiring, arXiv:1908.04614 [math.AC], 2019.
R. J. Mathar, The number of nXm matrices with at most k 1's in each row or column, (2014).
Steven Schlicker, Roman Vasquez, and Rachel Wofford, Integer Sequences from Configurations in the Hausdorff Metric Geometry via Edge Covers of Bipartite Graphs, J. Int. Seq. (2023) Vol. 26, Art. 23.6.6.
Stefan Schwarz, The semigroup of fully indecomposable relations and Hall relations, Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal, 23 (1973), 151-163.
R. Tauraso, Edge cover time for regular graphs, JIS 11 (2008) 08.4.4.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Complete Bipartite Graph.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Edge Cover.

Cf. A054976, A104602, A283624, A287065, A173403.
Cf. A055601, A055599, A104601, A086193 (traceless, no loops), A086206, A322661 (adj. matr. undirected edges).
Diagonal of A183109.

seq(add((-1)^(n+k)*binomial(n, k)*(2^k-1)^n, k=0..n), n=0..15); # Robert FERREOL, Mar 10 2017

Flatten[{1,Table[Sum[Binomial[n,k]*(-1)^k*(2^(n-k)-1)^n,{k,0,n}],{n,1,15}]}] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 02 2014 *)

a(n)=sum(k=0,n,binomial(n,k)*(-1)^k*(2^(n-k)-1)^n)

import math
f = math.factorial
def A048291(n): return sum([(f(n)/f(s)/f(n - s))*(-1)**s*(2**(n - s) - 1)**n for s in range(0, n+1)]) # Indranil Ghosh, Mar 14 2017

a(n) = Sum_{s=0..n} binomial(n, s)*(-1)^s*2^((n-s)*n)*(1-2^(-n+s))^n.
From Vladeta Jovovic, Feb 23 2008: (Start)
E.g.f.: Sum_{n>=0} (2^n-1)^n*exp((1-2^n)*x)*x^n/n!.
a(n) = Sum_{i=0..n} Sum_{j=0..n} (-1)^(i+j)*binomial(n,i)*binomial(n,j)*2^(i*j). (End)
a(n) ~ 2^(n^2). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 02 2014
a(n) = Sum_{s=0..n-1} binomial(n,s)*(-1)^s*A092477(n,n-s), n > 0. - R. J. Mathar, Nov 18 2023

A001858 Number of forests of trees on n labeled nodes.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 2, 7, 38, 291, 2932, 36961, 561948, 10026505, 205608536, 4767440679, 123373203208, 3525630110107, 110284283006640, 3748357699560961, 137557910094840848, 5421179050350334929, 228359487335194570528, 10239206473040881277575, 486909744862576654283616

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe

The number of integer lattice points in the permutation polytope of {1,2,...,n}. - Max Alekseyev, Jan 26 2010
Equals the number of score sequences for a tournament on n vertices. See Prop. 7 of the article by Bartels et al., or Example 3.1 in the article by Stanley. - David Radcliffe, Aug 02 2022
Number of labeled acyclic graphs on n vertices. The unlabeled version is A005195. The covering case is A105784, connected A000272. - Gus Wiseman, Apr 29 2024

			From _Gus Wiseman_, Apr 29 2024: (Start)
Edge-sets of the a(4) = 38 forests:
  {}  {12}  {12,13}  {12,13,14}
      {13}  {12,14}  {12,13,24}
      {14}  {12,23}  {12,13,34}
      {23}  {12,24}  {12,14,23}
      {24}  {12,34}  {12,14,34}
      {34}  {13,14}  {12,23,24}
            {13,23}  {12,23,34}
            {13,24}  {12,24,34}
            {13,34}  {13,14,23}
            {14,23}  {13,14,24}
            {14,24}  {13,23,24}
            {14,34}  {13,23,34}
            {23,24}  {13,24,34}
            {23,34}  {14,23,24}
            {24,34}  {14,23,34}
                     {14,24,34}
(End)

B. Bollobas, Modern Graph Theory, Springer, 1998, p. 290.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..388 (first 101 terms from T. D. Noe)
J. E. Bartels, J. Mount, and D. J. A. Welsh, The polytope of win vectors. Annals of Combinatorics 1, 1-15 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02558460
David Callan, A Combinatorial Derivation of the Number of Labeled Forests, J. Integer Seqs., Vol. 6, 2003.
Huantian Cao, AutoGF: An Automated System to Calculate Coefficients of Generating Functions, thesis, 2002.o
Huantian Cao, AutoGF: An Automated System to Calculate Coefficients of Generating Functions, thesis, 2002.
Huantian Cao, AutoGF: An Automated System to Calculate Coefficients of Generating Functions, thesis, 2002 [Local copy, with permission]
P. Flajolet and R. Sedgewick, Analytic Combinatorics, 2009; see page 132.
Samuele Giraudo, Combalgebraic structures on decorated cliques, Formal Power Series and Algebraic Combinatorics, Séminaire Lotharingien de Combinatoire, 78B.15, 2017, p. 7, arXiv:1709.08416 [math.CO], 2017.
Anton Izosimov, Matrix polynomials, generalized Jacobians, and graphical zonotopes, arXiv:1506.05179 [math.AG], 2015.
Qipeng Kuang, Ondřej Kuželka, Yuanhong Wang, and Yuyi Wang, Bridging Weighted First Order Model Counting and Graph Polynomials, arXiv:2407.11877 [cs.LO], 2024. See pp. 32-33.
Arun P. Mani and Rebecca J. Stones, Congruences for weighted number of labeled forests, INTEGERS 16 (2016). #A17.
J. Pitman, Coalescent Random Forests, J. Combin. Theory, A85 (1999), 165-193.
J. Riordan, Forests of labeled trees, J. Combin. Theory, 5 (1968), 90-103.
J. Riordan, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Oct 19 1970
J. Riordan, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 10 1975
John Riordan and N. J. A. Sloane, Correspondence, 1974
N. J. A. Sloane, Letter to J. Riordan, Nov. 1970
R. Stanley, Decompositions of rational convex polytopes, Ann. Discrete Math 6.6 (1980): 333-342.
L. Takacs, On the number of distinct forests, SIAM J. Discrete Math., 3 (1990), 574-581.
E. M. Wright, A relationship between two sequences, Proc. London Math. Soc. (3) 17 (1967) 296-304.
Index entries for sequences related to forests

The connected case is A000272, rooted A000169.
The unlabeled version is A005195, connected A000055.
The covering case is A105784, unlabeled A144958.
Row sums of A138464.
For triangles instead of cycles we have A213434, covering A372168.
For a unique cycle we have A372193, covering A372195.
A002807 counts cycles in a complete graph.
A006125 counts simple graphs, unlabeled A000088.
A006129 counts covering graphs, unlabeled A002494.
Cf. A006572, A006573, A088956.
Cf. A053530, A054548, A137916, A263340, A322661, A367863, A372176.

exp(x+x^2+add(n^(n-2)*x^n/n!, n=3..50));
# second Maple program:
a:= proc(n) option remember; `if`(n=0, 1, add(
      binomial(n-1, j-1)*j^(j-2)*a(n-j), j=1..n))
    end:
seq(a(n), n=0..20);  # Alois P. Heinz, Sep 15 2008
# third Maple program:
F:= exp(-LambertW(-x)*(1+LambertW(-x)/2)):
S:= series(F,x,51):
seq(coeff(S,x,j)*j!, j=0..50); # Robert Israel, May 21 2015

nn=20;t=Sum[n^(n-1)x^n/n!,{n,1,nn}];Range[0,nn]!CoefficientList[ Series[Exp[t-t^2/2],{x,0,nn}],x] (* Geoffrey Critzer, Sep 05 2012 *)
nmax = 20; CoefficientList[Series[-LambertW[-x]/(x*E^(LambertW[-x]^2/2)), {x, 0, nmax}], x] * Range[0, nmax]! (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 19 2019 *)

a(n)=if(n<0,0,sum(m=0,n,sum(j=0,m,binomial(m,j)*binomial(n-1,n-m-j)*n^(n-m-j)*(m+j)!/(-2)^j)/m!)) /* Michael Somos, Aug 22 2002 */

E.g.f.: exp( Sum_{n>=1} n^(n-2)*x^n/n! ). This implies (by a theorem of Wright) that a(n) ~ exp(1/2)*n^(n-2). - N. J. A. Sloane, May 12 2008 [Corrected by Philippe Flajolet, Aug 17 2008]
E.g.f.: exp(T - T^2/2), where T = T(x) = Sum_{n>=1} n^(n-1)*x^n/n! is Euler's tree function (see A000169). - Len Smiley, Dec 12 2001
Shifts 1 place left under the hyperbinomial transform (cf. A088956). - Paul D. Hanna, Nov 03 2003
a(0) = 1, a(n) = Sum_{j=0..n-1} C(n-1,j) (j+1)^(j-1) a(n-1-j) if n>0. - Alois P. Heinz, Sep 15 2008

More terms from Michael Somos, Aug 22 2002

A054548 Triangular array giving number of labeled graphs on n unisolated nodes and k=0...n*(n-1)/2 edges.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 3, 1, 0, 0, 3, 16, 15, 6, 1, 0, 0, 0, 30, 135, 222, 205, 120, 45, 10, 1, 0, 0, 0, 15, 330, 1581, 3760, 5715, 6165, 4945, 2997, 1365, 455, 105, 15, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 315, 4410, 23604, 73755, 159390, 259105, 331716, 343161, 290745, 202755, 116175

Offset: 0

Vladeta Jovovic, Apr 09 2000

			From _Gus Wiseman_, Feb 14 2024: (Start)
Triangle begins:
   1
   0
   0   1
   0   0   3   1
   0   0   3  16  15   6   1
   0   0   0  30 135 222 205 120  45  10   1
Row n = 4 counts the following graphs:
  .  .  12-34  12-13-14  12-13-14-23  12-13-14-23-24  12-13-14-23-24-34
        13-24  12-13-24  12-13-14-24  12-13-14-23-34
        14-23  12-13-34  12-13-14-34  12-13-14-24-34
               12-14-23  12-13-23-24  12-13-23-24-34
               12-14-34  12-13-23-34  12-14-23-24-34
               12-23-24  12-13-24-34  13-14-23-24-34
               12-23-34  12-14-23-24
               12-24-34  12-14-23-34
               13-14-23  12-14-24-34
               13-14-24  12-23-24-34
               13-23-24  13-14-23-24
               13-23-34  13-14-23-34
               13-24-34  13-14-24-34
               14-23-24  13-23-24-34
               14-23-34  14-23-24-34
               14-24-34
(End)

F. Harary and E. Palmer, Graphical Enumeration, Academic Press, 1973, Page 29, Exercise 1.4.

Michael De Vlieger, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10700
A. N. Bhavale and B. N. Waphare, Basic retracts and counting of lattices, Australasian J. of Combinatorics (2020) Vol. 78, No. 1, 73-99.
Ashok Nivrutti Bhavale, Equivalence of labeled graphs and lattices, arXiv:2501.05064 [math.CO], 2025. See pp. 1-2, 13.
R. Tauraso, Edge cover time for regular graphs, JIS 11 (2008) 08.4.4.

Row sums give A006129. Cf. A054547.
The connected case is A062734, with loops A369195.
This is the covering case of A084546.
Column sums are A121251, with loops A173219.
The version with loops is A369199, row sums A322661.
The unlabeled version is A370167, row sums A002494.
A006125 counts simple graphs; also loop-graphs if shifted left.
Cf. A000666, A006649, A062740, A066383, A121252, A133686, A322700, A368597, A369196, A369197.

nn=5; s=Sum[(1+y)^Binomial[n,2]  x^n/n!, {n,0,nn}]; Range[0,nn]! CoefficientList[Series[ s Exp[-x], {x,0,nn}], {x,y}] //Grid  (* returns triangle indexed at n = 0, Geoffrey Critzer, Oct 07 2012 *)
Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{2}],{k}],Union@@#==Range[n]&]],{n,0,5},{k,0,Binomial[n,2]}] (* Gus Wiseman, Feb 14 2024 *)

T(n, k) = Sum_{i=0..n} (-1)^(n-i)*C(n, i)*C(C(i, 2), k), k=0...n*(n-1)/2.

E.g.f.: exp(-x)*Sum_{n>=0} (1 + y)^C(n,2)*x^n/n!. - Geoffrey Critzer, Oct 07 2012

a(0) prepended by Gus Wiseman, Feb 14 2024

A014068 a(n) = binomial(n*(n+1)/2, n).

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 3, 20, 210, 3003, 54264, 1184040, 30260340, 886163135, 29248649430, 1074082795968, 43430966148115, 1917283000904460, 91748617512913200, 4730523156632595024, 261429178502421685800, 15415916972482007401455, 966121413245991846673830, 64123483527473864490450300

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane

nonn

Product of next n numbers divided by product of first n numbers. E.g., a(4) = (7*8*9*10)/(1*2*3*4)= 210. - Amarnath Murthy, Mar 22 2004

Also the number of labeled loop-graphs with n vertices and n edges. The covering case is A368597. - Gus Wiseman, Jan 25 2024

			From _Gus Wiseman_, Jan 25 2024: (Start)
The a(0) = 1 through a(3) = 20 loop-graph edge-sets (loops shown as singletons):
  {}  {{1}}  {{1},{2}}    {{1},{2},{3}}
             {{1},{1,2}}  {{1},{2},{1,2}}
             {{2},{1,2}}  {{1},{2},{1,3}}
                          {{1},{2},{2,3}}
                          {{1},{3},{1,2}}
                          {{1},{3},{1,3}}
                          {{1},{3},{2,3}}
                          {{2},{3},{1,2}}
                          {{2},{3},{1,3}}
                          {{2},{3},{2,3}}
                          {{1},{1,2},{1,3}}
                          {{1},{1,2},{2,3}}
                          {{1},{1,3},{2,3}}
                          {{2},{1,2},{1,3}}
                          {{2},{1,2},{2,3}}
                          {{2},{1,3},{2,3}}
                          {{3},{1,2},{1,3}}
                          {{3},{1,2},{2,3}}
                          {{3},{1,3},{2,3}}
                          {{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}
(End)

Harvey P. Dale, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..370
R. Mestrovic, Wolstenholme's theorem: Its Generalizations and Extensions in the last hundred and fifty years (1862-2011), arXiv:1111.3057 [math.NT], 2011.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Graph Loop.

Cf. A000217, A022915, A135860, A135861, A135862.
Diagonal of A084546.
Without loops we have A116508, covering A367863, unlabeled A006649.
Allowing edges of any positive size gives A136556, covering A054780.
The covering case is A368597.
The unlabeled version is A368598, covering A368599.
The connected case is A368951.
A000666 counts unlabeled loop-graphs, covering A322700.
A006125 (shifted left) counts loop-graphs, covering A322661.
A006129 counts covering simple graphs, connected A001187.
A058891 counts set-systems, unlabeled A000612.
Cf. A000085, A000272, A057500, A333331, A368596, A368730.

[Binomial(Binomial(n+1,2), n): n in [0..40]]; // G. C. Greubel, Feb 19 2022

Binomial[First[#],Last[#]]&/@With[{nn=20},Thread[{Accumulate[ Range[ 0,nn]], Range[ 0,nn]}]] (* Harvey P. Dale, May 27 2014 *)

from math import comb
def A014068(n): return comb(comb(n+1,2),n) # Chai Wah Wu, Jul 14 2024

[(binomial(binomial(n+1, n-1), n)) for n in range(20)] # Zerinvary Lajos, Nov 30 2009

For n >= 1, Product_{k=1..n} a(k) = A022915(n). - Dan Fux (dan.fux(AT)OpenGaia.com or danfux(AT)OpenGaia.com), Apr 08 2001
For n > 0, a(n) = A022915(n)/A022915(n-1). - Gerald McGarvey, Jul 26 2004
a(n) = binomial(T(n+1), T(n)) where T(n) = the n-th triangular number. - Amarnath Murthy, Jul 14 2005
a(n) = binomial(binomial(n+2, n), n+1) for n >= -1. - Zerinvary Lajos, Nov 30 2009
From Peter Bala, Feb 27 2020: (Start)
a(p) == (p + 1)/2 ( mod p^3 ) for prime p >= 5 (apply Mestrovic, equation 37).
Conjectural: a(2*p) == p*(2*p + 1) ( mod p^4 ) for prime p >= 5. (End)
a(n) = A084546(n,n). - Gus Wiseman, Jan 25 2024
a(n) = [x^n] (1+x)^(n*(n+1)/2). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Aug 06 2025

A322700 Number of unlabeled graphs with loops spanning n vertices.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 4, 14, 70, 454, 4552, 74168, 2129348, 111535148, 10812483376, 1945437208224, 650378721156736, 404749938336404704, 470163239887698967104, 1022592854829028311090816, 4177826139658552046627175072, 32163829440870460348768023969632

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Dec 23 2018

nonn

The span of a graph is the union of its edges. The not necessarily spanning case is A000666.

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..80
Gus Wiseman, Non-isomorphic representatives of the a(4) = 70 spanning graphs with loops.

Cf. A000666, A006125, A006129, A054921, A062740, A320461, A322635, A322661.

Table[Sum[2^PermutationCycles[Ordering[Map[Sort,Select[Tuples[Range[n],2],OrderedQ]/.Rule@@@Table[{i,prm[[i]]},{i,n}],{1}]],Length],{prm,Permutations[Range[n]]}]/n!,{n,0,8}]//Differences (* Mathematica 8.0+ *)

from itertools import combinations
from math import prod, factorial, gcd
from fractions import Fraction
from sympy.utilities.iterables import partitions
def A322700(n): return int(sum(Fraction(1<>1)+1)*r+(q*r*(r-1)>>1) for q, r in p.items()),prod(q**r*factorial(r) for q, r in p.items())) for p in partitions(n))-sum(Fraction(1<>1)+1)*r+(q*r*(r-1)>>1) for q, r in p.items()),prod(q**r*factorial(r) for q, r in p.items())) for p in partitions(n-1))) if n else 1 # Chai Wah Wu, Jul 14 2024

First differences of A000666.

A369199 Irregular triangle read by rows where T(n,k) is the number of labeled loop-graphs covering n vertices with k edges.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 3, 1, 0, 0, 6, 17, 15, 6, 1, 0, 0, 3, 46, 150, 228, 206, 120, 45, 10, 1, 0, 0, 0, 45, 465, 1803, 3965, 5835, 6210, 4955, 2998, 1365, 455, 105, 15, 1, 0, 0, 0, 15, 645, 5991, 27364, 79470, 165555, 264050, 334713, 344526, 291200, 202860, 116190, 54258, 20349, 5985, 1330, 210, 21, 1

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Jan 18 2024

			Triangle begins:
   1
   0   1
   0   1   3   1
   0   0   6  17  15   6   1
   0   0   3  46 150 228 206 120  45  10   1
Row n = 3 counts the following loop-graphs (loops shown as singletons):
  {1,23}   {1,2,3}     {1,2,3,12}    {1,2,3,12,13}   {1,2,3,12,13,23}
  {2,13}   {1,2,13}    {1,2,3,13}    {1,2,3,12,23}
  {3,12}   {1,2,23}    {1,2,3,23}    {1,2,3,13,23}
  {12,13}  {1,3,12}    {1,2,12,13}   {1,2,12,13,23}
  {12,23}  {1,3,23}    {1,2,12,23}   {1,3,12,13,23}
  {13,23}  {1,12,13}   {1,2,13,23}   {2,3,12,13,23}
           {1,12,23}   {1,3,12,13}
           {1,13,23}   {1,3,12,23}
           {2,3,12}    {1,3,13,23}
           {2,3,13}    {1,12,13,23}
           {2,12,13}   {2,3,12,13}
           {2,12,23}   {2,3,12,23}
           {2,13,23}   {2,3,13,23}
           {3,12,13}   {2,12,13,23}
           {3,12,23}   {3,12,13,23}
           {3,13,23}
           {12,13,23}

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1560 (rows 0..20)

The version without loops is A054548.
This is the covering case of A084546.
Column sums are A173219.
Row sums are A322661, unlabeled A322700.
The connected case is A369195, without loops A062734.
A000085, A100861, A111924 count set partitions into singletons or pairs.
A006125 counts simple graphs; also loop-graphs if shifted left.
A006129 counts covering graphs, unlabeled A002494.
A368927 counts choosable loop-graphs, covering A369140.
A369141 counts non-choosable loop-graphs, covering A369142.
Cf. A000666, A006649, A062740, A066383, A133686, A368597, A369196, A369197.

Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,2}],{k}],Length[Union@@#]==n&]],{n,0,5},{k,0,Binomial[n+1,2]}]

T(n)={[Vecrev(p) | p<-Vec(serlaplace(exp(-x + O(x*x^n))*(sum(j=0, n, (1 + y)^binomial(j+1, 2)*x^j/j!)))) ]}
{ my(A=T(6)); for(i=1, #A, print(A[i])) } \\ Andrew Howroyd, Feb 02 2024

E.g.f.: exp(-x) * (Sum_{j >= 0} (1 + y)^binomial(j+1, 2)*x^j/j!). - Andrew Howroyd, Feb 02 2024

A088957 Hyperbinomial transform of the sequence of 1's.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 2, 6, 29, 212, 2117, 26830, 412015, 7433032, 154076201, 3608522954, 94238893883, 2715385121740, 85574061070045, 2928110179818478, 108110945014584623, 4284188833355367440, 181370804507130015569, 8169524599872649117330, 390114757072969964280163

Offset: 0

Paul D. Hanna, Oct 26 2003

nonn

See A088956 for the definition of the hyperbinomial transform.
a(n) is the number of partial functions on {1,2,...,n} that are endofunctions with no cycles of length > 1.  The triangle A088956 classifies these functions according to the number of undefined elements in the domain.  The triangle A144289 classifies these functions according to the number of edges in their digraph representation (considering the empty function to have 1 edge).  The triangle A203092 classifies these functions according to the number of connected components. - Geoffrey Critzer, Dec 29 2011
a(n) is the number of rooted subtrees (for a fixed root) in the complete graph on n+1 vertices: a(3) = 29 is the number of rooted subtrees in K_4: 1 of size 1, 3 of size 2, 9 of size 3, and 16 spanning subtrees. - Alex Chin, Jul 25 2013 [corrected by Marko Riedel, Mar 31 2019]
From Gus Wiseman, Jan 28 2024: (Start)
Also the number of labeled loop-graphs on n vertices such that it is possible to choose a different vertex from each edge in exactly one way. For example, the a(3) = 29 uniquely choosable loop-graphs (loops shown as singletons) are:
  {}  {1}  {1,2}  {1,12}   {1,2,13}  {1,12,13}
      {2}  {1,3}  {1,13}   {1,2,23}  {1,12,23}
      {3}  {2,3}  {2,12}   {1,3,12}  {1,13,23}
                  {2,23}   {1,3,23}  {2,12,13}
                  {3,13}   {2,3,12}  {2,12,23}
                  {3,23}   {2,3,13}  {2,13,23}
                  {1,2,3}            {3,12,13}
                                     {3,12,23}
                                     {3,13,23}
(End)

			a(5) = 2117 = 1296 + 625 + 160 + 30 + 5 + 1 = sum of row 5 of triangle A088956.

Alois P. Heinz, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..387
Marko Riedel et al., Proof of e.g.f. of sequence.

Cf. A088956 (triangle).
Row sums of A144289. - Alois P. Heinz, Jun 01 2009
Cf. A086331, A000169.
Column k=1 of A144303. - Alois P. Heinz, Oct 30 2012
The covering case is A000272, also the case of exactly n edges.
Without the choice condition we have A006125 (shifted left).
The unlabeled version is A087803.
The choosable version is A368927, covering A369140, loopless A133686.
The non-choosable version is A369141, covering A369142, loopless A367867.
Cf. A000081, A000085, A057500, A062740, A137916, A277473, A322661, A367904, A368596, A368597, A368924.

a088957 = sum . a088956_row  -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Jul 07 2013

a:= n-> add((n-j+1)^(n-j-1)*binomial(n,j), j=0..n):
seq(a(n), n=0..20);  # Alois P. Heinz, Oct 30 2012

nn = 16; t = Sum[n^(n - 1) x^n/n!, {n, 1, nn}];
Range[0, nn]! CoefficientList[Series[Exp[x] Exp[t], {x, 0, nn}], x]  (* Geoffrey Critzer, Dec 29 2011 *)
With[{nmax = 50}, CoefficientList[Series[-LambertW[-x]*Exp[x]/x, {x, 0, nmax}], x]*Range[0, nmax]!] (* G. C. Greubel, Nov 14 2017 *)

x='x+O('x^10); Vec(serlaplace(-lambertw(-x)*exp(x)/x)) \\ G. C. Greubel, Nov 14 2017

a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} (n-k+1)^(n-k-1)*C(n, k).
E.g.f.: A(x) = exp(x+sum(n>=1, n^(n-1)*x^n/n!)).
E.g.f.: -LambertW(-x)*exp(x)/x. - Vladeta Jovovic, Oct 27 2003
a(n) ~ exp(1+exp(-1))*n^(n-1). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Jul 08 2013
Binomial transform of A000272. - Gus Wiseman, Jan 25 2024

A368597 Number of n-element sets of singletons or pairs of distinct elements of {1..n} with union {1..n}, or loop-graphs covering n vertices with n edges.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 3, 17, 150, 1803, 27364, 501015, 10736010, 263461265, 7283725704, 223967628066, 7581128184175, 280103206674480, 11216492736563655, 483875783716549277, 22371631078155742764, 1103548801569848115255, 57849356643299101021960, 3211439288584038922502820

Offset: 0

Gus Wiseman, Jan 04 2024

nonn

It doesn't matter for this sequence whether we use loops such as {x,x} or half-loops such as {x}.

			The a(0) = 1 through a(3) = 17 set-systems:
  {}  {{1}}  {{1},{2}}    {{1},{2},{3}}
             {{1},{1,2}}  {{1},{2},{1,3}}
             {{2},{1,2}}  {{1},{2},{2,3}}
                          {{1},{3},{1,2}}
                          {{1},{3},{2,3}}
                          {{2},{3},{1,2}}
                          {{2},{3},{1,3}}
                          {{1},{1,2},{1,3}}
                          {{1},{1,2},{2,3}}
                          {{1},{1,3},{2,3}}
                          {{2},{1,2},{1,3}}
                          {{2},{1,2},{2,3}}
                          {{2},{1,3},{2,3}}
                          {{3},{1,2},{1,3}}
                          {{3},{1,2},{2,3}}
                          {{3},{1,3},{2,3}}
                          {{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}}

Andrew Howroyd, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Graph Loop.

This is the covering case of A014068.
Allowing edges of any positive size gives A054780, covering case of A136556.
Allowing any number of edges gives A322661, connected A062740.
The case of just pairs is A367863, covering case of A116508.
The unlabeled version is A368599.
The version contradicting strict AOC is A368730.
The connected case is A368951.
A000085 counts set partitions into singletons or pairs.
A006129 counts covering graphs, connected A001187.
A058891 counts set-systems, unlabeled A000612.
A100861 counts set partitions into singletons or pairs by number of pairs.
A111924 counts set partitions into singletons or pairs by length.
Cf. A000272, A000666, A057500, A066383, A333331, A367869, A368596, A368600, A368928, A368951, A369199.

Table[Length[Select[Subsets[Subsets[Range[n],{1,2}], {n}],Union@@#==Range[n]&]],{n,0,5}]

a(n) = sum(k=0, n, (-1)^(n-k) * binomial(n,k) * binomial(binomial(k+1,2), n)) \\ Andrew Howroyd, Jan 06 2024

a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^(n-k) * binomial(n,k) * binomial(binomial(k+1,2), n). - Andrew Howroyd, Jan 06 2024

Terms a(7) and beyond from Andrew Howroyd, Jan 06 2024

cp's OEIS Frontend

A000085 Number of self-inverse permutations on n letters, also known as involutions; number of standard Young tableaux with n cells.

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A006129 a(0), a(1), a(2), ... satisfy Sum_{k=0..n} a(k)*binomial(n,k) = 2^binomial(n,2), for n >= 0.

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A048291 Number of {0,1} n X n matrices with no zero rows or columns.

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A001858 Number of forests of trees on n labeled nodes.

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A054548 Triangular array giving number of labeled graphs on n unisolated nodes and k=0...n*(n-1)/2 edges.

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