A057145 -id:A057145 - cp's OEIS frontend

A080851 Square array of pyramidal numbers, read by antidiagonals.

1, 1, 3, 1, 4, 6, 1, 5, 10, 10, 1, 6, 14, 20, 15, 1, 7, 18, 30, 35, 21, 1, 8, 22, 40, 55, 56, 28, 1, 9, 26, 50, 75, 91, 84, 36, 1, 10, 30, 60, 95, 126, 140, 120, 45, 1, 11, 34, 70, 115, 161, 196, 204, 165, 55, 1, 12, 38, 80, 135, 196, 252, 288, 285, 220, 66, 1, 13, 42, 90, 155, 231, 308, 372, 405, 385, 286, 78

Offset: 0

Paul Barry, Feb 21 2003

The first row contains the triangular numbers, which are really two-dimensional, but can be regarded as degenerate pyramidal numbers. - N. J. A. Sloane, Aug 28 2015

			Array begins (n>=0, k>=0):
1,  3,  6, 10,  15,  21,  28,  36,  45,   55, ... A000217
1,  4, 10, 20,  35,  56,  84, 120, 165,  220, ... A000292
1,  5, 14, 30,  55,  91, 140, 204, 285,  385, ... A000330
1,  6, 18, 40,  75, 126, 196, 288, 405,  550, ... A002411
1,  7, 22, 50,  95, 161, 252, 372, 525,  715, ... A002412
1,  8, 26, 60, 115, 196, 308, 456, 645,  880, ... A002413
1,  9, 30, 70, 135, 231, 364, 540, 765, 1045, ... A002414
1, 10, 34, 80, 155, 266, 420, 624, 885, 1210, ... A007584

Alois P. Heinz, Antidiagonals n = 0..140, flattened

Numerous sequences in the database are to be found in the array. Rows include the pyramidal numbers A000217, A000292, A000330, A002411, A002412, A002413, A002414, A007584, A007585, A007586.
Columns include or are closely related to A017029, A017113, A017017, A017101, A016777, A017305. Diagonals include A006325, A006484, A002417.
Cf. A057145, A027660 (antidiagonal sums).
See A257199 for another version of this array.

vector(vector(poly_coeff(Taylor((1+kx)/(1-x)^4,x,11),x,n),n,0,11),k,-1,10) VECTOR(VECTOR(comb(k+2,2)+comb(k+2,3)n, k, 0, 11), n, 0, 11)

A080851 := proc(n,k)
    binomial(k+3,3)+(n-1)*binomial(k+2,3) ;
end proc:
seq( seq(A080851(d-k,k),k=0..d),d=0..12) ; # R. J. Mathar, Oct 01 2021

pyramidalFigurative[ ngon_, rank_] := (3 rank^2 + rank^3 (ngon - 2) - rank (ngon - 5))/6; Table[ pyramidalFigurative[n-k-1, k], {n, 4, 15}, {k, n-3}] // Flatten (* Robert G. Wilson v, Sep 15 2015 *)

T(n, k) = binomial(k+3, 3) + (n-1)*binomial(k+2, 3), corrected Oct 01 2021.
T(n, k) = T(n-1, k) + C(k+2, 3) = T(n-1, k) + k*(k+1)*(k+2)/6.
G.f. for rows: (1 + n*x)/(1-x)^4, n>=-1.
T(n,k) = sum_{j=1..k+1} A057145(n+2,j). - R. J. Mathar, Jul 28 2016

A006000 a(n) = (n+1)(n^2+n+2)/2; g.f.: (1 + 2x^2) / (1 - x)^4.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 4, 12, 28, 55, 96, 154, 232, 333, 460, 616, 804, 1027, 1288, 1590, 1936, 2329, 2772, 3268, 3820, 4431, 5104, 5842, 6648, 7525, 8476, 9504, 10612, 11803, 13080, 14446, 15904, 17457, 19108, 20860, 22716, 24679, 26752, 28938, 31240, 33661, 36204, 38872, 41668, 44595, 47656, 50854, 54192

Offset: 0

N. J. A. Sloane, Simon Plouffe

Enumerates certain paraffins.
a(n) is the (n+1)st (n+3)-gonal number. - Floor van Lamoen, Oct 20 2001
Sum of n terms of an arithmetic progression with the first term 1 and the common difference n: a(1)=1, a(2) = 1+3, a(3) = 1+4+7, a(4) = 1+5+9+13, etc. - Amarnath Murthy, Mar 25 2004
This is identical to: first triangular number A000217, 2nd square number A000290, 3rd pentagonal number A000326, 4th hexagonal number A000384, 5th heptagonal number A000566, 6th octagonal number A000567, ..., (n+1)-th (n+3)-gonal number = main diagonal of rectangular array T(n,k) of polygonal numbers, by diagonals, referred to in A086271. - Jonathan Vos Post, Dec 19 2007
Also (n + 1)! times the determinant of the n X n matrix given by m(i,j) = (i+1)/i if i=j and otherwise 1. For example, (6 + 1)!*Det[{{2,1,1,1,1,1}, {1,3/2,1,1,1,1},{1,1,4/3,1,1,1}, {1,1,1,5/4,1,1}, {1,1,1,1,6/5,1}, {1,1,1,1,1,7/6}}] = 154 = a(6). - John M. Campbell, May 20 2011
a(n-1) = N_2(n), n>=1, is the number of 2-faces of n planes in generic position in three-dimensional space. See comment under A000125 for general arrangement. Comment to Arnold's problem 1990-11, see the Arnold reference, p. 506. - Wolfdieter Lang, May 27 2011
For n>2, a(n) is 2 * (average cycle weight of primitive Hamiltonian cycles on a simply weighted K_n) (see link). - Jon Perry, Nov 23 2014
a(n) is the partial sums of A104249. - J. M. Bergot, Dec 28 2014
Sum of the numbers in the 1st column of an n X n square array whose elements are the numbers from 1..n^2, listed in increasing order by rows. - Wesley Ivan Hurt, May 17 2021
From Enrique Navarrete, Mar 27 2023: (Start)
a(n) is the number of ordered set partitions of an (n+1)-set into 2 sets such that the first set has 0, 1, or 2 elements, the second set has no restrictions, and we choose an element from the second set. For n=4, the a(4) = 55 set partitions of [5] are the following (where the element selected from the second set is in parentheses):
   { }, {(1), 2, 3, 4, 5}  (5 of these);
   {1}, {(2), 3, 4, 5}   (20 of these);
   {1, 2}, {(3), 4, 5}   (30 of these). (End)

V. I. Arnold (ed.), Arnold's Problems, Springer, 2004, comments on Problem 1990-11 (p. 75), pp. 503-510. Numbers N_2.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

William A. Tedeschi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000
S. M. Losanitsch, Die Isomerie-Arten bei den Homologen der Paraffin-Reihe, Chem. Ber. 30 (1897), 1917-1926.
S. M. Losanitsch, Die Isomerie-Arten bei den Homologen der Paraffin-Reihe, Chem. Ber. 30 (1897), 1917-1926. (Annotated scanned copy)
P. A. MacMahon, Properties of prime numbers deduced from the calculus of symmetric functions, Proc. London Math. Soc., 23 (1923), 290-316. = Coll. Papers, II, pp. 354-382. [See p. 301].
Jon Perry, Weighted Hamiltonian Cycles
Simon Plouffe, Approximations de séries génératrices et quelques conjectures, Dissertation, Université du Québec à Montréal, 1992; arXiv:0911.4975 [math.NT], 2009.
Simon Plouffe, 1031 Generating Functions, Appendix to Thesis, Montreal, 1992.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Polygonal Number
Index to sequences related to polygonal numbers
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (4,-6,4,-1).

Cf. A000124.

A006000:=(1+2*z**2)/(z-1)**4; # Simon Plouffe in his 1992 dissertation

a[n_]:=(n^3-n^2)/2+n; Table[a[n],{n,5!}] (* Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, Feb 07 2010 *)
CoefficientList[Series[(1 + 2 x^2) / (1 - x)^4, {x, 0, 50}], x] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Nov 21 2014 *)

def a(n):
    return n + (n**3 - n**2)//2 # William A. Tedeschi, Aug 22 2010

a(n) = Sum_{j=1..n+1} (binomial(0,0*j) + binomial(n+1,2)). - Zerinvary Lajos, Jul 25 2006
a(n-1) = n + (n^3 - n^2)/2 = n + n*T(n-1) where T(n-1) is a triangular number, n >= 1. - William A. Tedeschi, Aug 22 2010
a(n) = A002817(n)*4/n for n > 0. - Jon Perry, Nov 21 2014
E.g.f.: (1 + x)*(2 + 4*x + x^2)*exp(x)/2. - Robert Israel, Nov 24 2014
a(n) = A057145(n+3,n+1). - R. J. Mathar, Jul 28 2016
a(n) = A000124(n) * (n+1). - Alois P. Heinz, Aug 31 2023

A064808 a(n) is the (n+1)st (n+2)-gonal number.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 9, 22, 45, 81, 133, 204, 297, 415, 561, 738, 949, 1197, 1485, 1816, 2193, 2619, 3097, 3630, 4221, 4873, 5589, 6372, 7225, 8151, 9153, 10234, 11397, 12645, 13981, 15408, 16929, 18547, 20265, 22086, 24013, 26049, 28197, 30460, 32841, 35343, 37969, 40722

Offset: 0

Floor van Lamoen, Oct 22 2001

Sum of n terms of the arithmetic progression with first term 1 and common difference n-1. - Amarnath Murthy, Aug 04 2005
a(n) is the sum of (n+1)-th row terms of triangle A144693. - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 19 2008
See also A131685(k) = smallest positive number m such that c(i) = m*(i^1 + 1)*(i^2 + 2)* ... *(i^k+ k) / k! takes integral values for all i>=0: For k=2, A131685(k)=1, which implies that this is a well-defined integer sequence. - Alexander R. Povolotsky, Apr 24 2015

Harry J. Smith, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
Justin Crum, Cyrus Cheng, David A. Ham, Lawrence Mitchell, Robert C. Kirby, Joshua A. Levine, and Andrew Gillette, Bringing Trimmed Serendipity Methods to Computational Practice in Firedrake, arXiv:2104.12986 [math.NA], 2021.
Index to divisibility sequences
Index to sequences related to polygonal numbers
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (4,-6,4,-1).

Main diagonal of A057145.
Row sums of A076110.
Cf. A144693. - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 19 2008
Cf. A000096, A002378, A006002, A006003.

[(n+1)*(n^2+2)/2 : n in [0..50]]; // Wesley Ivan Hurt, Feb 21 2015

A064808:=n->(n+1)*(n^2+2)/2: seq(A064808(n), n=0..50); # Wesley Ivan Hurt, Feb 21 2015

Table[(n + 1) (n^2 + 2)/2, {n, 0, 50}] (* Wesley Ivan Hurt, Feb 21 2015 *)

a(n) = { (n + 1)*(n^2 + 2)/2 } \\ Harry J. Smith, Sep 26 2009

a(n) = (n+1)*(n^2 + 2)/2.
From Paul Barry, Nov 18 2005: (Start)
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} Sum_{j=0..n} (k-(k-1)*C(0, j-k)).
a(n) = A006002(n) - A000096(n-2). (End)
G.f.: (1 - x + 3x^2)/(1 - x)^4. - R. J. Mathar, Jul 07 2009
a(n) = A006003(n+1) - A002378(n). - Rick L. Shepherd, Feb 21 2015
a(n) = 4*a(n-1) - 6*a(n-2) + 4*a(n-3) - a(n-4). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Feb 21 2015
a(n) = A057145(n+2,n+1). - R. J. Mathar, Jul 28 2016

A086270 Rectangular array T(k,n) of polygonal numbers, by antidiagonals.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 3, 1, 6, 4, 1, 10, 9, 5, 1, 15, 16, 12, 6, 1, 21, 25, 22, 15, 7, 1, 28, 36, 35, 28, 18, 8, 1, 36, 49, 51, 45, 34, 21, 9, 1, 45, 64, 70, 66, 55, 40, 24, 10, 1, 55, 81, 92, 91, 81, 65, 46, 27, 11, 1, 66, 100, 117, 120, 112, 96, 75, 52, 30, 12, 1, 78, 121, 145, 153, 148, 133, 111

Offset: 1

Clark Kimberling, Jul 14 2003

The antidiagonal sums 1, 4, 11, 25, 50, ... are the numbers A006522(n) for n >= 3.
This is the accumulation array (cf. A144112) of A144257 (which is the weight array of this sequence). - Clark Kimberling, Sep 16 2008
By rows, the sequence beginning (1, N, ...) is the binomial transform of (1, (N-1), (N-2), 0, 0, 0, ...); and is the second partial sum of (1, (N-2), (N-2), (N-2), ...). Example: The sequence (1, 4, 9, 16, 25, ...) is the binomial transform of (1, 3, 2, 0, 0, 0, ...) and the second partial sum of (1, 2, 2, 2, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Aug 23 2015

			First 6 rows:
=========================================
n\k|  1   2    3    4    5    6     7
---|-------------------------------------
1  |  1   3    6   10   15   21    28 ... (A000217, triangular numbers)
2  |  1   4    9   16   25   36    49 ... (A000290, squares)
3  |  1   5   12   22   35   51    70 ... (A000326, pentagonal numbers)
4  |  1   6   15   28   45   66    91 ... (A000384, hexagonal numbers)
5  |  1   7   18   34   55   81   112 ... (A000566, heptagonal numbers)
6  |  1   8   21   40   65   96   133 ... (A000567, octagonal numbers)
...
The array formed by the complements: A183225.

Albert H. Beiler, Recreations in the theory of numbers, New York, Dover, (2nd ed.) 1966. See Table 76 at p. 189.
David Wells, The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers. Penguin Books, NY, 1986, Revised edition 1987. See p. 123.

Clark Kimberling and John E. Brown, Partial Complements and Transposable Dispersions, J. Integer Seqs., Vol. 7, 2004.
Wikipedia, Polygonal number: Table of values.

Cf. A006522, A057145, A086271, A086272, A086273, A139601, A183225.
Cf. A000217, A000290, A000326, A000384, A000566, A000567.
Cf. A114112, A144257 .

T:=func; [T(k,n-k+1): k in [1..n], n in [1..12]]; // Bruno Berselli, Dec 19 2014

t[n_, k_] := n*Binomial[k, 2] + k; Table[ t[k, n - k + 1], {n, 12}, {k, n}] // Flatten

T(n, k) = n*binomial(k, 2) + k = A057145(n+2,k).
2*T(n, k) = T(n+r, k) + T(n-r, k), where r = 0, 1, 2, 3, ..., n-1 (see table in Example field). - Bruno Berselli, Dec 19 2014
From Stefano Spezia, Sep 02 2022: (Start)
G.f.: x*y*(1 - x + x*y)/((1 - x)^2*(1 - y)^3).
G.f. of k-th column: k*(1 + k - 2*x)*x/(2*(1 - x)^2). (End)

Extended by Clark Kimberling, Jan 01 2011

A090466 Regular figurative or polygonal numbers of order greater than 2.

Original entry on oeis.org

6, 9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 18, 21, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 30, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39, 40, 42, 45, 46, 48, 49, 51, 52, 54, 55, 57, 58, 60, 63, 64, 65, 66, 69, 70, 72, 75, 76, 78, 81, 82, 84, 85, 87, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 99, 100, 102, 105, 106, 108, 111, 112, 114, 115, 117, 118

Offset: 1

Robert G. Wilson v, Dec 01 2003

The sorted k-gonal numbers of order greater than 2. If one were to include either the rank 2 or the 2-gonal numbers, then every number would appear.
Number of terms less than or equal to 10^k for k = 1,2,3,...: 3, 57, 622, 6357, 63889, 639946, 6402325, 64032121, 640349979, 6403587409, 64036148166, 640362343980, ..., . - Robert G. Wilson v, May 29 2014
The n-th k-gonal number is 1 + k*n(n-1)/2 - (n-1)^2 = A057145(k,n).
For all squares (A001248) of primes p >= 5 at least one a(n) exists with p^2 = a(n) + 1. Thus the subset P_s(3) of rank 3 only is sufficient. Proof: For p >= 5, p^2 == 1 (mod {3,4,6,8,12,24}) and also P_s(3) + 1 = 3*s - 2 == 1 (mod 3). Thus the set {p^2} is a subset of {P_s(3) + 1}; Q.E.D. - Ralf Steiner, Jul 15 2018
For all primes p > 5, at least one polygonal number exists with P_s(k) + 1 = p when k = 3 or 4, dependent on p mod 6. - Ralf Steiner, Jul 16 2018
Numbers m such that r = (2*m/d - 2)/(d - 1) is an integer for some d, where 2 < d < m is a divisor of 2*m. If r is an integer, then m is the d-th (r+2)-gonal number. - Jianing Song, Mar 14 2021

Albert H. Beiler, Recreations In The Theory Of Numbers, The Queen Of Mathematics Entertains, Dover, NY, 1964, pp. 185-199.

Robert G. Wilson v, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000 (first 1000 terms are from T. D. Noe)
Felix Ponomarenko and Vadim Ponomarenko, Polygonal Simplex Numbers, San Diego State Univ., 2025.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Figurate Number
Index to sequences related to polygonal numbers

Cf. A057145, A001248, A177028 (A342772, A342805), A177201, A316676, A364693 (characteristic function).
Complement is A090467.
Sequence A090428 (excluding 1) is a subsequence of this sequence. - T. D. Noe, Jun 14 2012
Other subsequences: A324972 (squarefree terms), A324973, A342806, A364694.
Cf. also A275340.

isA090466 := proc(n)
    local nsearch,ksearch;
    for nsearch from 3 do
        if A057145(nsearch,3) > n then
            return false;
        end if;
        for ksearch from 3 do
            if A057145(nsearch,ksearch) = n then
                return true;
            elif A057145(nsearch,ksearch) > n then
                break;
            end if;
        end do:
    end do:
end proc:
for n from 1 to 1000 do
    if isA090466(n) then
        printf("%d,",n) ;
    end if;
end do: # R. J. Mathar, Jul 28 2016

Take[Union[Flatten[Table[1+k*n (n-1)/2-(n-1)^2,{n,3,100},{k,3,40}]]],67] (* corrected by Ant King, Sep 19 2011 *)
mx = 150; n = k = 3; lst = {}; While[n < Floor[mx/3]+2, a = PolygonalNumber[n, k]; If[a < mx+1, AppendTo[ lst, a], (n++; k = 2)]; k++]; lst = Union@ lst (* Robert G. Wilson v, May 29 2014 and updated Jul 23 2018; PolygonalNumber requires version 10.4 or higher *)

list(lim)=my(v=List()); lim\=1; for(n=3,sqrtint(8*lim+1)\2, for(k=3,2*(lim-2*n+n^2)\n\(n-1), listput(v, 1+k*n*(n-1)/2-(n-1)^2))); Set(v); \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jan 19 2017

is(n)=for(s=3,n\3+1,ispolygonal(n,s)&&return(s)); \\ M. F. Hasler, Jan 19 2017

isA090466(m) = my(v=divisors(2*m)); for(i=3, #v, my(d=v[i]); if(d==m, return(0)); if((2*m/d - 2)%(d - 1)==0, return(1))); 0 \\ Jianing Song, Mar 14 2021

Integer k is in this sequence iff A176774(k) < k. - Max Alekseyev, Apr 24 2018

Verified by Don Reble, Mar 12 2006

A055795 a(n) = binomial(n,4) + binomial(n,2).

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, 56, 98, 162, 255, 385, 561, 793, 1092, 1470, 1940, 2516, 3213, 4047, 5035, 6195, 7546, 9108, 10902, 12950, 15275, 17901, 20853, 24157, 27840, 31930, 36456, 41448, 46937, 52955, 59535, 66711, 74518, 82992, 92170, 102090, 112791, 124313, 136697

Offset: 1

Clark Kimberling, May 28 2000

Answer to the question: if you have a tall building and 4 plates and you need to find the highest story from which a plate thrown does not break, what is the number of stories you can handle given n tries?
If Y is a 2-subset of an n-set X then, for n >= 4, a(n-3) is the number of 4-subsets of X which do not have exactly one element in common with Y. - Milan Janjic, Dec 28 2007
Antidiagonal sums of A139600. - Johannes W. Meijer, Apr 29 2011
Also the number of maximal cliques in the n-tetrahedral graph for n > 5. - Eric W. Weisstein, Jun 12 2017
Mark each point on an 8^(n-2) grid with the number of points that are visible from the point; for n > 3, a(n) is the number of distinct values in the grid. - Torlach Rush, Mar 25 2021
Antidiagonal sums of both A057145 and also A134394 yield this sequence without the initial term 0. - Michael Somos, Nov 23 2021

James Spahlinger, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
Michael Boardman, The Egg-Drop Numbers, Mathematics Magazine, 77 (2004), 368-372.
Milan Janjic, Two Enumerative Functions
Alexsandar Petojevic, The Function vM_m(s; a; z) and Some Well-Known Sequences, Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 5 (2002), Article 02.1.7
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Johnson Graph
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Maximal Clique
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Tetrahedral Graph
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (5,-10,10,-5,1).

T(2n+1, n), array T as in A055794. Cf. A004006, A000127.

Cf. A134394, A051601, A057145.

[n*(n^3-6*n^2+23*n-18)/24: n in [1..100]]; // Wesley Ivan Hurt, Sep 29 2013

A055795:=n->binomial(n,4)+binomial(n,2); # Zerinvary Lajos, Jul 24 2006

Table[Binomial[n, 4] + Binomial[n, 2], {n, 50}] (* Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, May 24 2009 *)
Table[n (n^3 - 6 n^2 + 23 n - 18)/24, {n, 100}] (* Wesley Ivan Hurt, Sep 29 2013 *)
LinearRecurrence[{5, -10, 10, -5, 1}, {0, 1, 3, 7, 15}, 50] (* Harvey P. Dale, Dec 07 2015 *)
Total[Binomial[Range[20], #] & /@ {2, 4}] (* Eric W. Weisstein, Dec 01 2017 *)
CoefficientList[Series[x (-1 + 2 x - 2 x^2)/(-1 + x)^5, {x, 0, 20}], x] (* Eric W. Weisstein, Dec 01 2017~ *)

A055795(n):=n*(n^3-6*n^2+23*n-18)/24$ makelist(A055795(n), n, 1, 100); /* Wesley Ivan Hurt, Sep 29 2013 */

a(n)= n*(n^3-6*n^2+23*n-18)/24 \\ Wesley Ivan Hurt, Sep 29 2013

a(n) = A000127(n)-1. Differences give A000127.
a(1) = 1; a(n) = a(n-1) + 1 + A004006(n-1).
a(n+1) = C(n, 1) + C(n, 2) + C(n, 3) + C(n, 4). - James Sellers, Mar 16 2002
Row sums of triangle A134394. Also, binomial transform of [1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, ...]. - Gary W. Adamson, Oct 23 2007
O.g.f.: -x^2(1-2x+2x^2)/(x-1)^5. a(n) = A000332(n) + A000217(n-1). - R. J. Mathar, Apr 13 2008
a(n) = n*(n^3 - 6*n^2 + 23*n - 18)/24. - Gary Detlefs, Dec 08 2011
a(n) = 5*a(n-1) - 10*a(n-2) + 10*a(n-3) - 5*a(n-4) + a(n-5); a(1)=0, a(2)=1, a(3)=3, a(4)=7, a(5)=15. - Harvey P. Dale, Dec 07 2015

Better description from Leonid Broukhis, Oct 24 2000
Edited by Zerinvary Lajos, Jul 24 2006
Offset corrected and Sellers formula adjusted by Gary Detlefs, Nov 28 2011

A139601 Square array of polygonal numbers read by ascending antidiagonals: T(n, k) = (n + 1)(k - 1)k/2 + k.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 3, 0, 1, 4, 6, 0, 1, 5, 9, 10, 0, 1, 6, 12, 16, 15, 0, 1, 7, 15, 22, 25, 21, 0, 1, 8, 18, 28, 35, 36, 28, 0, 1, 9, 21, 34, 45, 51, 49, 36, 0, 1, 10, 24, 40, 55, 66, 70, 64, 45, 0, 1, 11, 27, 46, 65, 81, 91, 92, 81, 55, 0, 1, 12, 30, 52, 75, 96, 112, 120, 117, 100, 66

Offset: 0

Omar E. Pol, Apr 27 2008

A general formula for polygonal numbers is P(n,k) = (n-2)(k-1)k/2 + k, where P(n,k) is the k-th n-gonal number. - Omar E. Pol, Dec 21 2008

			The square array of polygonal numbers begins:
========================================================
Triangulars .. A000217: 0, 1,  3,  6, 10,  15,  21,  28,
Squares ...... A000290: 0, 1,  4,  9, 16,  25,  36,  49,
Pentagonals .. A000326: 0, 1,  5, 12, 22,  35,  51,  70,
Hexagonals ... A000384: 0, 1,  6, 15, 28,  45,  66,  91,
Heptagonals .. A000566: 0, 1,  7, 18, 34,  55,  81, 112,
Octagonals ... A000567: 0, 1,  8, 21, 40,  65,  96, 133,
9-gonals ..... A001106: 0, 1,  9, 24, 46,  75, 111, 154,
10-gonals .... A001107: 0, 1, 10, 27, 52,  85, 126, 175,
11-gonals .... A051682: 0, 1, 11, 30, 58,  95, 141, 196,
12-gonals .... A051624: 0, 1, 12, 33, 64, 105, 156, 217,
And so on ..............................................
========================================================

G. C. Greubel, Table of n, a(n) for the first 50 rows, flattened
Peter Luschny, Figurate number — a very short introduction. With plots from Stefan Friedrich Birkner.
Omar E. Pol, Polygonal numbers, An alternative illustration of initial terms.

Sequences of m-gonal numbers: A000217 (m=3), A000290 (m=4), A000326 (m=5), A000384 (m=6), A000566 (m=7), A000567 (m=8), A001106 (m=9), A001107 (m=10), A051682 (m=11), A051624 (m=12), A051865 (m=13), A051866 (m=14), A051867 (m=15), A051868 (m=16), A051869 (m=17), A051870 (m=18), A051871 (m=19), A051872 (m=20), A051873 (m=21), A051874 (m=22), A051875 (m=23), A051876 (m=24), A255184 (m=25), A255185 (m=26), A255186 (m=27), A161935 (m=28), A255187 (m=29), A254474 (m=30).
Cf. A000007, A000012, A000027, A002411, A006000, A006003, A006522.
Cf. A008585, A016957, A017329, A086270, A117142, A139606, A139607.
Cf. A139608, A139609, A139610, A139611, A139612, A139613, A139614.
Cf. A139615, A139616, A057145, A086271, A139600, A139617, A139618.
Cf. A139619, A139620.

T:= func< n,k | k*((n+1)*(k-1) +2)/2 >;
A139601:= func< n,k | T(n-k, k) >;
[A139601(n,k): k in  [0..n], n in [0..12]]; // G. C. Greubel, Jul 12 2024

T[n_, k_] := (n + 1)*(k - 1)*k/2 + k; Table[ T[n - k, k], {n, 0, 11}, {k, 0, n}] // Flatten (* Robert G. Wilson v, Jul 12 2009 *)

def T(n,k): return k*((n+1)*(k-1)+2)/2
def A139601(n,k): return T(n-k, k)
flatten([[A139601(n,k) for k in range(n+1)] for n in range(13)]) # G. C. Greubel, Jul 12 2024

T(n,k) = A086270(n,k), k>0. - R. J. Mathar, Aug 06 2008
T(n,k) = (n+1)*(k-1)*k/2 +k, n>=0, k>=0. - Omar E. Pol, Jan 07 2009
From G. C. Greubel, Jul 12 2024: (Start)
t(n, k) = (k/2)*( (k-1)*(n-k+1) + 2), where t(n,k) is this array read by rising antidiagonals.
t(2*n, n) = A006003(n).
t(2*n+1, n) = A002411(n).
t(2*n-1, n) = A006000(n-1).
Sum_{k=0..n} t(n, k) = A006522(n+2).
Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^k*t(n, k) = (-1)^n * A117142(n).
Sum_{k=0..n} t(n-k, k) = (2*n^4 + 34*n^2 + 48*n - 15 + 3*(-1)^n*(2*n^2 + 16*n + 5))/384. (End)

A080852 Square array of 4D pyramidal numbers, read by antidiagonals.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 1, 4, 1, 5, 10, 1, 6, 15, 20, 1, 7, 20, 35, 35, 1, 8, 25, 50, 70, 56, 1, 9, 30, 65, 105, 126, 84, 1, 10, 35, 80, 140, 196, 210, 120, 1, 11, 40, 95, 175, 266, 336, 330, 165, 1, 12, 45, 110, 210, 336, 462, 540, 495, 220, 1, 13, 50, 125, 245, 406, 588, 750, 825, 715, 286

Offset: 0

Paul Barry, Feb 21 2003

The first row contains the tetrahedral numbers, which are really three-dimensional, but can be regarded as degenerate 4D pyramidal numbers. - N. J. A. Sloane, Aug 28 2015

			Array, n >= 0, k >= 0, begins
1 4 10 20  35  56 ...
1 5 15 35  70 126 ...
1 6 20 50 105 196 ...
1 7 25 65 140 266 ...
1 8 30 80 175 336 ...

Index to sequences related to pyramidal numbers

Rows include A000292, A000332, A002415, A001296, A002418, A002419, A051740, A051797.
Cf. A057145, A080851, A180266, A055796 (antidiagonal sums).
See A257200 for another version of the array.

vector(vector(poly_coeff(Taylor((1+kx)/(1-x)^5,x,11),x,n),n,0,11),k,-1,10)

VECTOR(VECTOR(comb(k+3,3)+comb(k+3,4)n, k, 0, 11), n, 0, 11)

A080852 := proc(n,k)
        binomial(k+4,4)+(n-1)*binomial(k+3,4) ;
end proc:
seq( seq(A080852(d-k,k),k=0..d),d=0..12) ; # R. J. Mathar, Oct 01 2021

T[n_, k_] := Binomial[k+3, 3] + Binomial[k+3, 4]n;
Table[T[n-k, k], {n, 0, 11}, {k, 0, n}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, May 05 2023 *)

T(n, k) = binomial(k + 4, 4) + (n-1)*binomial(k + 3, 4), corrected Oct 01 2021.
T(n, k) = T(n - 1, k) + C(k + 3, 4) = T(n - 1, k) + k(k + 1)(k + 2)(k + 3)/24.
G.f. for rows: (1 + nx)/(1 - x)^5, n >= -1.
T(n,k) = sum_{j=0..k} A080851(n,j). - R. J. Mathar, Jul 28 2016

A077414 a(n) = n(n - 1)(n + 2)/2.

Original entry on oeis.org

0, 4, 15, 36, 70, 120, 189, 280, 396, 540, 715, 924, 1170, 1456, 1785, 2160, 2584, 3060, 3591, 4180, 4830, 5544, 6325, 7176, 8100, 9100, 10179, 11340, 12586, 13920, 15345, 16864, 18480, 20196, 22015, 23940, 25974, 28120, 30381, 32760, 35260

Offset: 1

Wolfdieter Lang, Nov 29 2002

Number of independent components of a certain 3-tensor in n-space.
a(n) is the number of independent components of a 3-tensor t(a,b,c) which satisfies t(a,b,c) = t(b,a,c) and Sum_{a=1..n} t(a,a,c) = 0 for all c, with a,b,c range 1..n. (3-tensor in n-dimensional space which is symmetric and traceless in one pair of its indices.)
Row 2 of the convolution array A213761.  - Clark Kimberling, Jul 04 2012
Also, the number of ways to place two dominoes horizontally in the same row on an (n+2) X (n+2) chessboard. - Ralf Stephan, Jun 09 2014
Also, the sum of all the numbers in a completely filled n X n tic-tac-toe board with n-1 players using the numbers 0, 1, 2,... n-2. See "Sums of Square Tic Tac Toe Boards that end in a Draw" in links for proof. - Tanner Robeson, Aug 23 2020
a(n) is the number of degrees of freedom in a tetrahedral cell for a Raviart-Thomas finite element space of order n. - Matthew Scroggs, Jan 02 2021

			For n=6, a(6) = 1*(3*5+1)+2*(3*4+1)+3*(3*3+1)+4*(3*2+1)+5*(3*1+1) = 120. - _Bruno Berselli_, Feb 13 2014
G.f. = 4*x^2 + 15*x^3 + 36*x^4 + 70*x^5 + 120*x^6 + 189*x^7 + 280*x^8 + ...

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
DefElement, Raviart-Thomas
Sela Fried, Counting r X s rectangles in nondecreasing and Smirnov words, arXiv:2406.18923 [math.CO], 2024. See p. 9.
Tanner Robeson, Sums of Square Tic Tac Toe Boards that end in a Draw.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (4,-6,4,-1).
Index to sequences related to polygonal numbers.

Cf. A000096, A005564, A057145, A115067 (first differences), A213761.

Cf. similar sequences of the type m*(m+1)*(m+k)/2 listed in A267370.

[n*(n-1)*(n+2)/2: n in [1..30]]; // G. C. Greubel, Jan 18 2018

A077414:=n->n*(n-1)*(n+2)/2: seq(A077414(n), n=1..60); # Wesley Ivan Hurt, Apr 09 2017

Table[(n (n - 1) (n + 2))/2, {n, 50}] (* or *) LinearRecurrence[{4, -6, 4, -1}, {0, 4, 15, 36}, 50] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jun 04 2012 *)
CoefficientList[Series[x (4 - x)/(1 - x)^4, {x, 0, 40}], x] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Feb 14 2014 *)

a(n)=n*(n-1)*(n+2)/2 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Oct 07 2015

concat(0, Vec(x^2*(4-x)/(1-x)^4 + O(x^200))) \\ Altug Alkan, Jan 15 2016

a(n) = n * ( binomial(n+1, 2)-1 ).
G.f.: x^2*(4-x)/(1-x)^4.
a(n) = n*Sum_{j=2..n} j. - Zerinvary Lajos, Sep 12 2006
a(1)=0, a(2)=4, a(3)=15, a(4)=36; for n>4, a(n) = 4*a(n-1)-6*a(n-2)+4*a(n-3)-a(n-4). - Harvey P. Dale, Jun 04 2012
a(n) = Sum_{i=1..n-1} i*(3*(n-i)+1). - Bruno Berselli, Feb 13 2014
a(-n) = -A005564(n). - Michael Somos, Jun 09 2014
a(n) = A057145(n,n+2). - R. J. Mathar, Jul 28 2016
a(n) = t(n,t(n,1)) + n, where t(n,k) = n*(n+1)/2 + k*n and t(n,1) = A000096(n). - Bruno Berselli, Feb 28 2017
a(n) = n^3/2 + n^2/2 - n. - Tanner Robeson, Aug 23 2020
Sum_{n>=2} 1/a(n) = 7/18. - Amiram Eldar, Oct 07 2020
Sum_{n>=2} (-1)^n/a(n) = 4*log(2)/3 - 13/18. - Amiram Eldar, Feb 22 2022
E.g.f.: exp(x)*x^2*(4 + x)/2. - Stefano Spezia, Jan 03 2023

A127736 a(n) = n(n^2 + 2n - 1)/2.

Original entry on oeis.org

1, 7, 21, 46, 85, 141, 217, 316, 441, 595, 781, 1002, 1261, 1561, 1905, 2296, 2737, 3231, 3781, 4390, 5061, 5797, 6601, 7476, 8425, 9451, 10557, 11746, 13021, 14385, 15841, 17392, 19041, 20791, 22645, 24606, 26677, 28861, 31161, 33580, 36121, 38787, 41581

Offset: 1

Gary W. Adamson, Jan 26 2007

Row sums of A127735.
Row sums of A162610. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Jan 19 2013
For n  > 0, a(n) is the number of compositions of n+10 into n parts avoiding parts 2 and 3. - Milan Janjic, Jan 07 2016
Sum of the numbers in the top row and last column of an n X n square array whose elements are the numbers from 1..n^2, listed in increasing order by rows (see example). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, May 18 2021

			From _Wesley Ivan Hurt_, May 18 2021: (Start)
Add all the numbers in the top row and last column.
                                                      [1   2  3  4  5]
                                      [1   2  3  4]   [6   7  8  9 10]
                            [1 2 3]   [5   6  7  8]   [11 12 13 14 15]
                   [1 2]    [4 5 6]   [9  10 11 12]   [16 17 18 19 20]
           [1]     [3 4]    [7 8 9]   [13 14 15 16]   [21 22 23 24 25]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
  n         1        2         3            4                 5
------------------------------------------------------------------------
  a(n)      1        7        21           46                85
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(End)

Vincenzo Librandi, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..1000
Index to sequences related to polygonal numbers
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (4,-6,4,-1).

Cf. A002260, A127701, A127735, A131416.

A127736:=n->n*(n^2+2*n-1)/2; seq(A127736(n), n=1..40); # Wesley Ivan Hurt, Mar 14 2014

Table[n*(n^2 + 2*n - 1)/2, {n, 60}] (* Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, Jun 24 2011 *)
CoefficientList[Series[-(x^2 - 3 x - 1)/(x - 1)^4, {x, 0, 40}], x] (* Vincenzo Librandi, Mar 14 2014 *)
LinearRecurrence[{4,-6,4,-1},{1,7,21,46},60] (* Harvey P. Dale, Apr 22 2014 *)

Vec(-x*(x^2-3*x-1)/(x-1)^4 + O(x^100)) \\ Colin Barker, Mar 12 2014

a(n) = n*(n^2+2*n-1)/2; \\ Altug Alkan, Jan 07 2016

Row sums of triangle A131416. Also, binomial transform of [1, 6, 8, 3, 0, 0, 0, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Oct 23 2007
a(n) = (n+1)*A000217(n) - n = A006002(n) - n. - R. J. Mathar, Jul 21 2009
From Colin Barker, Mar 12 2014: (Start)
a(n) = 4*a(n-1) - 6*a(n-2) + 4*a(n-3) - a(n-4).
G.f.: -x*(x^2-3*x-1) / (x-1)^4. (End)
a(n) = A057145(n+5,n). - R. J. Mathar, Jul 28 2016

More terms and new name from R. J. Mathar, Jul 21 2009

cp's OEIS Frontend

A080851 Square array of pyramidal numbers, read by antidiagonals.

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A006000 a(n) = (n+1)*(n^2+n+2)/2; g.f.: (1 + 2*x^2) / (1 - x)^4.

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A064808 a(n) is the (n+1)st (n+2)-gonal number.

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A086270 Rectangular array T(k,n) of polygonal numbers, by antidiagonals.

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A090466 Regular figurative or polygonal numbers of order greater than 2.

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A055795 a(n) = binomial(n,4) + binomial(n,2).

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A006000 a(n) = (n+1)(n^2+n+2)/2; g.f.: (1 + 2x^2) / (1 - x)^4.

A139601 Square array of polygonal numbers read by ascending antidiagonals: T(n, k) = (n + 1)(k - 1)k/2 + k.

A077414 a(n) = n(n - 1)(n + 2)/2.

A127736 a(n) = n(n^2 + 2n - 1)/2.